JP3209086B2 - Power combiner and power divider - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power combiner for distributing and combining microwave power and a power divider (power divider / combiner).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a front view of a conventional power distribution / combination circuit having a power-of-two terminal. This figure shows an in-phase four power distribution / combiner, which is formed on a substrate 511. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 501 denotes an output terminal for outputting the combined microwave power, and 502, 503, 504, and 505.
Is a combined input terminal for inputting each microwave power to be combined, 506 and 507 are Wilkinson two-partition combining circuits composed of lines, and 508 and 509 are combined input terminals 502 and 5.
03, and a resistor to obtain isolation between 504 and 505. Reference numeral 510 denotes a distributed constant line having an electric length of 1/4 wavelength at a used frequency.

As shown in FIG. 5, a composite input terminal 502,
The microwave power input from 503, 504, 505 is finally combined and output to the combined output terminal 501. Microwave power input from the combined input terminals 502 and 503 and 504 and 505 are combined by a first Wilkinson combiner 506 provided respectively, and the combined power is further processed by a second Wilkinson combiner 507. The signals are combined and combined with the combined output terminal 501 to form an in-phase four-way divider / combiner.

As described above, when the combined number N is a power of two, the N combiner can be simply constructed by combining only equal two power combiners. If the combined number N is not a power of two, it is configured using a two-power combiner that does not have equal output.

[0005]

In the case where the number N of distributed combinations is a power of two, an N distribution combiner can be simply constructed by combining only equal-two power distribution combiners.
Is not a power of two, it is necessary to use an unequal two power divider.

In this case, a large number of unequal power splitters / combiners, each having a complicated design, are used depending on the configuration, and the circuit design becomes complicated.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to simply configure an N power distribution / combiner having a distribution / combination number that is not a power of 2.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a power distribution combiner according to the present invention comprises a first to an N-th power distribution combiner.
In the N power distribution combiner excluding the power combiner of the number of powers of 2 that combines the power input from the N combined input terminals up to the first combined output terminal, two equal powers are combined. A total of N-1 power combiners and two non-uniform power combiners for combining two unequal powers are used, and the combined number N
Is odd, two adjacent combined input terminals are combined by the first-stage equal two power combiner except for one of the combined input terminals at both ends. When combining the output terminals of the equal two-power combiner with the second-stage two-power combiner,
When the number of equal-two power combiners used in the first stage is an odd number, the combined output terminal combined by the first-stage equal-two power combiner and the first-stage equal-two power combiner are used. Adjacent terminals including the uncombined combined input terminal are combined by the equal-two power combiner and the unequal-two power combiner. If the number of equal-two power combiners used in the first stage is an even number, the combined input terminals not combined in the first stage are not combined,
Also in the subsequent number of stages, when the equal output power combiners sequentially combine adjacent synthesized output terminals, if the number of equal output power combiners is even, the synthesized input terminals are not synthesized. Only when the number of equal-two power combiners becomes an odd number in the subsequent stages, adjacent terminals including the uncombined combined input terminal are divided by the equal-two power combiner and the unequal-two power combiner. Combine. According to such a combining method, the N combined input terminals are combined with the first combined output terminal.

[0009] This makes it possible to use a configuration method using as many power splitter / combiners as possible with a simple configuration and a simple design, and to simplify the configuration of an N power splitter / combiner that is not a power of two. .

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that N (where N is an odd number of 3 or more) composite input terminals and an N-th composite input terminal are supplied to the composite input terminals. Excluding the wave power, the first (M) (where M is (N-1) / 2) first-stage power combining units that combine the microwave power supplied to the (N-1) combining input terminals. An equal two power combiner and an s-th stage (where s is 2 or more and the following (Equation 2)
In the case where the number of outputs of the (s-1) -th stage equal-two power combiner is an even number in an integer less than or equal to an integer t to be satisfied, the equal-two power provided in the s-th stage for combining the two outputs as a set A combiner; and (s-1) at least an equi-2 power combiner provided in the stage if the number of outputs of the equi-2 power combiner in the (s-1) th stage is an odd number and the outputs form one or more sets; An unequal-two power combiner provided in the current stage for combining unequal powers, which are the microwave power supplied to one output of the equi-level power combiner in the immediately preceding stage and the Nth combined input terminal And the equal 2 power combiner or unequal 2 provided in the last stage
And a combined output terminal for obtaining a combined output power from the power combiner.

(Equation 2)

More specifically, in an N power distributing / combining device for combining powers input from first to Nth N combined input terminals to a combined output terminal, two equal powers for combining two equal powers are used. A total of N-1 unequal power combiners for combining two unequal powers with the combiner are used, and when the number of combined N is an odd number, adjacent ones are excluded except for one of the combined input terminals at both ends. Are combined by the first-stage equal-two power combiner. When combining the output terminals of the equal-two power combiner with the second-stage two-power combiner, if the number of equal-two power combiners used in the first stage is an odd number, the first-stage Terminals that have not been combined with adjacent terminals, including the combined output terminal combined by the equal-two power combiner and the combined input terminal that was not combined by the first-stage equal-two power combiner, are not connected. The other terminals are combined by the equal power combiner and the other terminals are combined by the equal power combiner. If the number of equal-two power combiners used in the first stage is an even number, the combined input terminals that are not combined in the first stage are not combined, and the equal-two power combiner is used in the subsequent stages. When sequentially combining adjacent combined output terminals, if the number of equal power combiners is an even number, the combined input terminals are not combined. Only when the number of equal power combiners becomes an odd number in the subsequent stages, adjacent terminals including the uncombined combined input terminals are left uncombined, and the remaining terminals are combined with unequal power. The other terminals are combined by the combiner by the equal power combiner.

[0012] By such combining, the N combined input terminals are combined with the first combined output terminal. The configuration of an N power combiner in which the number N of combined terminals is an odd number of combined terminals. This has the effect of minimizing the number of unequal two power combiners and simplifying the configuration.

[0013] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there are provided N (where N
Is a composite input terminal of 6 or more except powers of 2),
M (where M is N / 2) first microwave power to be combined as a set of microwave power supplied to the N combined input terminals
The second equal power combiner of the stage and the s-th stage (where s is 2 or more)
When the number of outputs of the (s−1) th equal-two power combiner is an even number in the above and (an integer less than or equal to the integer t that satisfies Equation 2), the s-th stage performs power combining using the two outputs as a set. An equal-two power combiner provided in the eye, and (s-1) if at least one set of outputs is provided when the number of outputs of the equal-two power combiner in the (s-1) -th stage is odd, The equal-two power combiner and the unequal power, which is the microwave power supplied to one output of the immediately preceding equal-two power combiner and the Nth combining input terminal, are combined with each other. It is provided with an unequal power combiner provided and a combined output terminal for obtaining combined output power from the equal power combiner or the unequal power combiner provided at the last stage.

More specifically, in an N power distributing / combining device that combines power input from the first to N-th N combined input terminals to a combined output terminal, two equal powers for combining two equal powers When N-1 unequal power combiners for combining two unequal powers are used in combination and the number of combined N is an even number excluding a power of two, adjacent combined input terminals are connected to the first and second combined power terminals, respectively. The first and second equal power combiners combine the signals. When combining the output terminals of the equal-two power combiner with the next-stage two-power combiner, if the number of equal-two power combiners used in the first stage is an even number, the adjacent terminals are connected to the equal-two power combiner. When the number of equal-two power combiners used in the subsequent stages is even, the adjacent terminals are combined by the equal-two power combiner. When the number of equal-two power combiners becomes an odd number during the combining, adjacent combined input terminals are combined by the equal-two power combiner except for one of the combined input terminals at both ends. . Only when the number of equal power combiners used in the subsequent stages becomes an odd number, the uncombined terminals are combined by the unequal power combiner, and the other terminals are combined by the equal power combiner.

The N combining input terminals are combined with the first combining output terminal by such combining, and the N power combiner having the number of combining terminals having an even number of terminals which is not a power of 2 is used. The configuration has the effect of minimizing the number of unequal power combiners and simplifying the configuration.

The invention according to claim 3 or 7 is:
Both the equal power splitter and the non-equal power splitter / combiner are configured using a Wilkinson type splitter / combiner composed of microstrip lines. It is suitable for a planar circuit and has an effect that it can be easily configured using a minimum number of unequal two-power combining Wilkinson combiners.

The invention according to claim 4 or 8 is:
The equi-two power splitter / combiner is configured using a Wilkinson type and the non-equal two power splitter / demultiplexer using a branch line type microstrip line. Since the branch line type is used, good isolation is achieved. Which can be obtained without using a resistor, and has a function that it can be easily configured using a minimum number of unequal two-power combining branch line type combiners, which is small and light because of the microstrip line configuration and is suitable for a planar circuit. It is.

According to a fifth or ninth aspect of the present invention, the power distribution combining ratio of the unequal power splitting / combining device having the set value of the power distribution combining ratio is adjusted by adjusting the width of the distributed constant line. This is to adjust the output power error due to the asymmetry of the circuit by changing the impedance, and has the function of accurately distributing and synthesizing the output power into N equal powers.

The invention according to claim 6 is the first or second invention.
3. The power combiner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the N combined input terminals of the power combiner described above serve as distribution output terminals, and the combined output terminals of the power combiner according to claim 1 or 2 serve as distribution input terminals. 2. The two-power combiner is an equal two-power distributor.
Or the unequal two power combiners of the power combiner described in 2
This is a power distributor, and the power combiner according to claim 1 or 2 can be used as a power distributor.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. (Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 10
Reference numerals 2, 103, and 104 denote first, second, and third combined input terminals for inputting respective microwave powers to be combined.
5 is a two-power combiner for combining the microwave power input from the first and second combined input terminals 102 and 103, 10
Reference numeral 6 denotes a first combined output terminal from which the microwave power combined by the first equal power combiner 105 is output, and 107 denotes a first combined output terminal 106 and a third combined input terminal 104.
Unequal two power combiner for combining the microwave powers of
Is a second combined output terminal for finally outputting the combined microwave power.

In the in-phase three-power combiner configured as described above, the powers input from the first and second combined input terminals 102 and 103 are combined by the equal-two power combiner 105 to the first combined output terminal 106. I do.

Next, the third combined input terminal 104 and the first combined output terminal 105 are set to (power of the third combined input terminal 104) :( power of the first combined output terminal 106) of 1: 2. First unequal two power combiner 107 that is combined at the power combining ratio
And combine the power with the second combined output terminal 101.

As described above, according to the first embodiment,
A power combiner having an odd number of combining terminals can be configured using a minimum number of unequal two power combiners, and the configuration of an in-phase three-power combiner can be easily realized.

It should be noted that the composite input terminal 102 in FIG.
If the output terminals 103 and 104 are distribution output terminals and the combined output terminal 101 in FIG. 1 is a distribution input terminal, an in-phase three-power distributor can be easily realized in the configuration of FIG.

(Embodiment 2) Hereinafter, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 2
07 is a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth combined input terminal for inputting each microwave power to be combined,
Reference numeral 208 denotes a first equal-to-two power combiner that combines microwave power input from the first and second combined input terminals 202 and 203, and 209 denotes third and fourth combined input terminals 204 and 20.
2 for synthesizing the microwave power input from 5
The power combiner 210 is connected to the fifth and sixth combined input terminals 20.
6, a third equal power combiner for combining microwave power input from 207, 211 is a first equal power combiner 2
08 is the first output of the microwave power synthesized by
Output terminal 212 is a second equal power combiner 209
213 is a third combined output terminal from which the microwave power combined by the third equal power combiner 210 is output, and 214 is the second combined output terminal from which the microwave power combined by the above is output. 1, a two-power combiner for combining the microwave power of the second combined output terminal 104,
A fourth combined output terminal 216 to which the microwave power combined by the equal two power combiner 214 is output is a non-synthesized microwave power of the third combined output terminal 213 and the fourth combined input terminal 215. An equal-two power combiner 201 is a fifth combined output terminal that finally outputs the combined microwave power.

The in-phase six-power combiner configured as described above has first and second, third and fourth, fifth and sixth combined input terminals 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 and 207. First, second, third, etc. two power combiners 208, 2
09, 210, the first, second, and third combined output terminals 21
1, and 212 and 213.

Next, first and second combined output terminals 211,
The microwave power of 212 is converted into a fourth equal power combiner 214.
Is combined with the fourth combined output terminal 215.

Then, the third combined output terminal 213 and the fourth combined output terminal 215 are combined with (power of the third combined output terminal 213) :( power of the fourth combined output terminal 215) of 1: 2. In the unequal two power combiner 216 synthesized by the ratio, the fifth
Are finally combined with the combined output terminal 201 of

As described above, in the second embodiment, the power combiner having an even number of combined terminals excluding the power of 2 is simply configured using the minimum number of unequal two power combiners. Can be.

The composite input terminal 202 in FIG.
If the output terminals 203, 204, 205, 206, and 207 are distribution output terminals and the composite output terminal 201 in FIG. 2 is a distribution input terminal, a power distributor can be easily realized in the configuration of FIG.

[0031]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a power distribution / combiner according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which embodies the configuration of FIG. 1 according to the first embodiment.

In FIG. 3, reference numerals 302, 303 and 304 denote first and second inputs of respective microwave powers to be combined.
The second and third combined input terminals are the first, second, and third combined input terminals of FIG.
Correspond to the composite input terminals 102, 103, and 104 of FIG.

Reference numeral 306 denotes the first and second combined input terminals 30
2, a Wilkinson-type equal-to-two power combiner for synthesizing the microwave power input from the power source 303, and corresponds to the first equal-to-two power combiner 105 in FIG.

Reference numeral 305 denotes an apparent first combined output terminal from which the microwave power combined by the Wilkinson type two-power combiner 306 is output, and corresponds to the first combined output terminal 106 in FIG.

Reference numeral 307 denotes a first combined output terminal 306 and a third
Is a Wilkinson type unequal power combiner that combines the microwave power of the combined input terminal 304 of FIG.

Reference numeral 301 denotes a second combined output terminal for finally outputting the combined microwave power. Second in FIG.
Corresponding to the combined output terminal 101.

Reference numeral 308 denotes a resistor for obtaining isolation between the first and second combined input terminals 302 and 303, and 309 designates an isolation between the third combined input terminal 304 and the second combined output terminal 305. The resistance to get. Reference numerals 310, 311 and 312 denote distributed constant lines having an electric length of 1/4 wavelength at the operating frequency, and the characteristic impedance values of the distributed constant lines 312 and 311 are determined by the third combined input terminal 304 and the second combined output terminal. 305 is set so that (third combined input terminal) :( first combined output terminal) is combined at a power combining ratio of 1: 2. 313 is a dielectric substrate (or semiconductor substrate).

In the above configuration, as compared with FIG. 1, the in-phase three-power combiner is specifically constituted by a microstrip line, and a Wilkinson-type combiner is used as the power combiner. It works similarly.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the configuration of a small and light in-phase three-power combiner suitable for a planar circuit can be easily formed using the minimum number of unequal two-power combiner Wilkinson combiners. it can.

(Embodiment 2) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a plan view of a power distribution / combiner in the embodiment of FIG.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 401 denotes a second combined output terminal, 402 denotes a first combined input terminal, 403 denotes a second combined input terminal, 404 denotes a third combined input terminal, and 405 denotes a first combined input terminal.
408 is a resistor, and the above is the same as the configuration of FIG. 4 differs from the configuration of FIG. 3 in that the Wilkinson unequal power combiner 3 in FIG.
07 is a branch line type unequal two power combiner 407, distributed constant lines 410 and 411 having an electric length of 波長 wavelength at the operating frequency are provided.
The values of the characteristic impedances of 0 and 411 are (third combined input terminal 404 and first combined output terminal 405)
(Power of the combined input terminal 404) :( power of the first combined output terminal 405) is set to be combined at a power combining ratio of 1: 2.

Reference numeral 412 is a 90-degree phase-adjustment distributed constant line, 413 is a resistor, 414 is a stub, and 415 is a dielectric substrate (or semiconductor substrate).

In the above configuration, as compared with FIG. 1, the in-phase three-power combiner is constituted by a microstrip line, and a Wilkinson-type combiner is used as the equal-two power combiner, and the unequal two-power combiner is used. A branch line type combiner is newly used for the vessel.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to easily construct the apparatus by using the minimum number of branch line type combiners for unequal two power combining. And a small and light in-phase three-power combiner suitable for a planar circuit can be obtained.

(Embodiment 3) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although the power combiner has been described in the first and second embodiments or the first and second examples, a power distributor will be described below in this example.

For example, the composite input terminal 30 shown in FIG.
If 2, 303 and 304 are distribution output terminals and the combined output terminal 301 in FIG. 3 is a distribution input terminal, an in-phase three power distributor can be easily realized in the configuration of FIG.

However, since the structure is an asymmetric structure in FIG. 3, the combined output terminal (actually, the distributed input terminal) 301
When the microwave power input from the power supply is distributed to the combined input terminals (actually, the distributed output terminals) 302, 303, and 304, if there is an error with the set value of the three power distribution combining ratio, the unequal two power distributor 307 is turned on. The characteristic impedance is adjusted by changing the widths of the distributed parameter lines 311 and 312 to be formed, and the combined input terminals (actually, the distribution output terminals) 302 and
The output power to the three terminals 03, 304 is exactly in-phase 3
Power can be distributed.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the configuration of the N power distributing / combining device having N terminals excluding the power of 2,
The configuration can be simplified by using a minimum number of unequal two power distribution combiners.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power distribution / synthesizer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power distribution / synthesizer according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the in-phase power distribution / combiner according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an in-phase power distribution / combiner according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a conventional in-phase four power splitter / combiner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 101 second combined output terminal 102 first combined input terminal 103 second combined input terminal 104 third combined input terminal 105 equal power combiner 106 first combined output terminal 107 unequal power combiner 306 Wilkinson Type-2 power combiner 307 Wilkinson-type non-uniform power combiner 308 Resistance 309 Resistance 310 Distributed constant line 311 Distributed constant line 312 Distributed constant line 313 Dielectric substrate (or semiconductor substrate) 407 Branch line type unequal power combiner 414 stub

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-95410 (JP, A) JP-A-2-29004 (JP, A) JP-A-56-131218 (JP, A) US Pat. No. 4,472,691 (US, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01P 5 / 16,5 / 19,5 / 22 H03H 7/48

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. N (where N is an odd number of 3 or more) composite input terminals and (N-1) the composite powers excluding microwave power supplied to the Nth composite input terminal M that synthesizes power using the microwave power supplied to the input terminal as a set
(Where M is (N-1) / 2) first-stage equal-two power combiners, and s-th stage (where s is 2 or more and
In the case where the number of outputs of the (s-1) th equal-two power combiner in the (s-1) -th stage is an even number in the integer t or less that satisfies 1), the s-th stage is provided at the s-th stage where the two outputs are combined as a set. Etc. 2
A power combiner; and (s-1) at least an equi-2 power combiner provided in the stage when the number of outputs of the equi-2 power combiner in the (s-1) th stage is an odd number and the outputs form one or more sets. The unequal power provided in the stage for combining one output of the equal power combiner of the immediately preceding stage and the unequal power which is the microwave power supplied to the Nth combined input terminal A power combiner comprising: a combiner; and a combined output terminal that obtains combined output power from an equal-two power combiner or an unequal-two power combiner provided at the last stage. (Equation 1) 2. A power combiner comprising N (where N is an even number of 6 or more excluding a power of 2) combined microwave power supplied to the N combined input terminals.
(Where M is N / 2) first-stage equal-two power combiners and s-th stage (where s is 2 or more and satisfies Equation 1)
In the case where the number of outputs of the (s-1) th stage equal-two power combiner is an even number, the equal-second power provided at the s-th stage for combining the two outputs as a set. A combiner; and (s-1) at least an equi-2 power combiner provided in the stage if the number of outputs of the equi-2 power combiner in the (s-1) th stage is an odd number and the outputs form one or more sets; Etc. of the immediately preceding stage 2
An unequal power combiner provided in the stage for combining one output of the power combiner and the unequal power, which is the microwave power supplied to the Nth combined input terminal; And a combined output terminal for obtaining a combined output power from the provided equal power combiner or unequal power combiner. 3. The power combiner according to claim 1, wherein both the equal power combiner and the unequal power combiner are configured using a Wilkinson type combiner composed of microstrip lines. vessel. 4. The power combiner according to claim 1, wherein the equal-two power combiner is configured using a Wilkinson type microstrip line, and the unequal two-power combiner is configured using a branch line type microstrip line. 5. An inequality 2 having a set value of a power combining ratio.
5. The power combiner according to claim 3, wherein the characteristic impedance is changed by adjusting the width of the distributed constant line to the power distribution / combination ratio of the power combiner. 6. The power combiner according to claim 1 or 2,
3. The combined output terminals of the power combiner according to claim 1 or 2 are defined as distributed input terminals, and the combined power combiners of the power combiner according to claim 1 or 2 are defined as equal share 2 terminals. 3. A power divider as a power divider, wherein the unequal power combiner of the power combiner according to claim 1 or 2 is an unequal power divider. 7. The power divider according to claim 6, wherein both the equal power divider and the unequal power divider are configured using a Wilkinson-type divider composed of microstrip lines. 8. The power splitter according to claim 1, wherein the equal two power splitter is configured using a Wilkinson type microstrip line, and the unequal two power splitter is configured using a branch line type microstrip line. 9. The characteristic impedance according to claim 6, wherein the characteristic impedance is changed by adjusting the width of the distributed constant line to the power distribution ratio of the unequal power divider having the set value of the power distribution ratio. Power distributor.