JP3209974B2 - DC pulse generator for preventing invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms in freshwater - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an inflow of water from a river or a lake, such as a water intake, a drain, an agricultural water supply line, a water supply line, or the like, for introducing or discharging fresh water from a river or lake. The present invention relates to a DC pulse generator that blocks living organisms and prevents the attachment of shellfish to the wall of a waterway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a hydroelectric power plant, fresh water is taken from a river or a lake, and a water turbine is rotated by utilizing a water flow generated by a height difference, and is used as a driving force for rotating a turbine. However, as is well known, in freshwater such as rivers and lakes, freshwater insects, shellfish, etc. (freshwater attached bivalves, squirrels, bryozoans, sponges, etc .; hereinafter collectively referred to as fouling organisms) ), And these fouling organisms can enter through the intake. In addition, in the case of shellfish, the shellfish attached to the wall surface of the intake or drainage and grow over time, so the opening area of the waterway may be narrowed,
Further, when the grown shells are peeled off from the wall surface, the shells may enter into the water turbine together with the water flow, which may cause a trouble.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, there has been proposed a method of disposing a mesh screen for preventing foreign matter from entering near an intake port to prevent invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms. . However, the screen may be clogged due to invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms due to prolonged use, and a problem arises that frequent maintenance is required to remove these.

[0004] In addition, not only the water intake and drainage outlets of the hydroelectric power plant, but also the water intake and other freshwater introduction routes, when polluted organisms such as insects and shellfish enter and adhere to the water supply pump, the water supply pump. Problems such as breakdown or damage occurred.

[0005]

As described above, in freshwater channels such as intakes of hydroelectric power plants and waterworks, there are many cases where fouling organisms enter and adhere to the inside. Even if a screen for preventing biological invasion is provided, the screen is clogged, so frequent maintenance is required, and much labor is required.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to generate a DC electric pulse in a fresh water intake or discharge channel or in the vicinity of the channel. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a DC pulse generator for preventing invasion of fouling organisms and adhesion of the fouling organisms to a wall surface, which can prevent invasion of fouling organisms and adhesion of the fouling organisms to a wall surface.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 of the present application is to generate a DC electric pulse in the vicinity of a fresh water channel or in an appropriate place in the channel, thereby making it possible to generate a DC electric pulse in the channel. A DC pulse generator for preventing the invasion of fouling organisms into the waterway and the adhesion of fouling organisms to the waterway wall, comprising: an AC power supply (E1);
High-voltage transformer (TR1),
Is installed on the output side of the power supply and converts AC voltage to DC voltage
Rectifier circuit (D1), and a rectifier circuit
Charging thyristor that is turned on and off by the gate voltage
(SCR1) and the output from the charging thyristor.
A capacitor (C1) that temporarily stores the power
It is placed after the capacitor and turned on by the gate voltage.
A discharge thyristor (SCR2) that operates off,
Coil (L1) connected to the subsequent stage of discharge thyristor
At a certain interval in or near the waterway.
And connected to the output side of the coil
Electrode (1a, 1a ') and the fresh water resistance between the electrodes
Resistance measuring means for measuring, and the resistance measured by the resistance measuring means.
The voltage applied between the electrodes varies according to the resistance
Thyristor for charging and thyristor for discharging
Gate voltage to control the on / off of each thyristor.
Controlling the charging voltage value of the capacitor and the
A control circuit (5) for controlling charging / discharging timing;
It is characterized by having.

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the resistance measuring circuit includes a detecting DC power supply (Edc) and a detecting resistor (R).
s) and a switching element (SCR3) connected in series. The resistance value measuring circuit is connected between the electrodes, and the switching element is turned on at a predetermined cycle to change the voltage from the DC power supply for detection. The method is characterized in that a fresh water resistance between the electrodes is measured by applying a voltage between the electrodes and detecting a voltage between both ends of the detection resistor at this time.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point. Means for setting the charging timing and the discharging timing based on the signal (20,
21) means for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of the synchronizing pulse signal (14, 15); a voltage adjusting circuit (16) for outputting a constant DC voltage whose level is adjustable; A comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage, and a first gate circuit (28) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the charging thyristor at the set charging timing according to the comparator output A second gate circuit (29) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing; a differential amplifier circuit (39) for detecting a voltage across the detection resistor; A sample and output that samples and holds the output of the differential amplifier at a predetermined timing and outputs a setting signal to change the DC voltage value of the voltage adjustment circuit according to the value. And Rudo circuit (40), a measurement cycle timing circuit for setting the timing of the hold timing and sample-and-hold circuit on of the switching element (43), characterized by having at least a.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the control circuit includes foreign matter detecting means for detecting the presence of a human or another animal in the waterway or in the vicinity of the waterway. When the presence of another animal is detected, the first
And an electric shock protection circuit (25) for forcibly stopping the output of the second gate circuit.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the foreign object detecting means includes an automatic monitoring device using a TV camera, an infrared detector,
It is either an ultrasonic detector or a load fluctuation detector that measures the fluctuation of the load between electrodes.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the AC power supply voltage is boosted by the high-voltage transformer, further full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit, and then guided to the charging thyristor. The charging thyristor is turned on and off by the gate voltage supplied from the control circuit. When the thyristor is turned on, the power supplied from the full-wave rectifier circuit charges the capacitor. In addition, the discharging thyristor, which is installed at the subsequent stage of the charging thyristor, is also turned on and off by the gate voltage given from the control circuit, so that when the discharging thyristor is turned on, the capacitor is connected to the capacitor. The stored power is applied between the electrodes and discharged near the water intake or the drain. Therefore, this discharge causes polluted organisms such as insects and shellfish that inhabit freshwater to be subjected to an electric shock, so that it is possible to prevent the polluted organisms from entering the waterway or adhering to the waterway wall. it can.

Further, by installing a resistance value measuring circuit for measuring the resistance of fresh water between the electrodes, the resistance between the electrodes can be sequentially measured at a predetermined period, and the resistance between the electrodes can be measured in accordance with the resistance value. Voltage value to be adjusted can be automatically adjusted.
In other words, the resistance value of fresh water may fluctuate due to factors such as water temperature and water quality, and the method of applying the same voltage pulse at all times may not effectively provide an electrical shock. When is small, it is desired to increase the voltage value. Conversely, when the freshwater resistance value is large, it is desired to decrease the voltage value. And, in the present invention, the resistance value between the electrodes, that is, the resistance value of fresh water is measured at a predetermined cycle,
By automatically controlling the discharge voltage according to the resistance value, an electric shock is effectively applied.

By controlling the gate voltage supplied to the gate of each thyristor independently of the resistance value of fresh water, the charging voltage to the capacitor, the timing of charging and discharging, the discharging time, and the like can be arbitrarily set. Therefore, it is possible to set a suitable voltage according to the water quality in the vicinity of the intake port or the drain port. Furthermore, by providing an electric shock protection circuit,
When a human or another animal approaches the electrode, voltage application to the electrode is forcibly stopped, so that an electric shock accident can be prevented beforehand.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of electrode installation of a DC pulse generator for preventing fouling organisms from entering and adhering according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram thereof.
As shown in the figure, this DC pulse generator is composed of two electrodes 1 installed near a fresh water intake of a hydroelectric power plant, for example.
a, 1a ', and is roughly divided into a main circuit 4 for applying a voltage between the electrodes 1a, 1a', and a control circuit 5 for controlling the operation of the main circuit 4.

The main circuit 4 includes a 100 or 200 volt AC power supply E1 supplied as a commercial power supply, and a high voltage transformer TR1 for boosting the voltage supplied from the AC power supply E1 to a high voltage of about 1000 volts. And a full-wave rectifier D1 connected to the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer TR1 for full-wave rectification of the boosted AC waveform. The positive-side output of the full-wave rectifier D1 is connected to the first Thyristor S
CR1, the second thyristor SCR2, and the coil L1 are connected to the plus side electrode 1a, and the minus side electrode 1
a 'is connected to the negative side of the full-wave rectifier D1.
Further, a capacitor C1 is interposed between the output side of the first thyristor SCR1 and the minus side of the full-wave rectifier D1, and a capacitor is provided between the plus side of the full-wave rectifier D1 and the first thyristor SCR1. A current limiting resistor R1 is attached. Further, a series circuit of a detection DC power supply Edc, a detection resistor Rs, and a third thyristor SCR3 as a switching element is connected between the electrodes 1a and 1a '.

In the DC pulse generator according to the present embodiment, the control circuit 5 controls the on / off of the two thyristors SCR1 and SCR2 to charge and discharge the capacitor C1 in a desired cycle. This alternately switches between the two electrodes 1a and 1a 'to generate a high-voltage pulse to generate an electric shock, thereby preventing invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms into the water channel. Here, the coil L1 is provided so as to give the discharge voltage a certain time width.

Further, a DC voltage from the DC power supply Edc is applied between the two electrodes 1a, 1a 'at a constant period, and the voltage value across the detection resistor Rs at this time is measured to obtain the electrodes 1a, 1a. The resistance value between 'is measured. That is, each electrode 1
a, 1a ′ are placed in fresh water,
Since the resistance value between 1a 'changes depending on factors such as the temperature and water quality of fresh water, even if a DC pulse voltage of the same level is applied, the generated electric shock changes, so (For example, once every 10 seconds), the electrodes 1a, 1a '
The resistance value is sequentially measured, and the output voltage is changed based on the resistance value by a method described later.

The control circuit 5 includes a full-wave rectifier circuit 11 for converting the output voltage of the AC power supply E1 into a DC voltage, a zero-cross detection circuit 12, a waveform shaping circuit 13, and a differentiating circuit 14.
, An integration circuit 15, a voltage adjustment circuit 16, and a detection resistor R
A differential amplifier circuit 39 for measuring and amplifying the voltage across s
A sample and hold circuit 40, a comparator 17 for comparing the output value of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 with the output value of the integration circuit 15, a clock circuit 18, an inverter circuit 41, a pulse number setting circuit 19, a charge cycle A timing circuit 20, a discharge cycle timing circuit 21,
Measurement cycle timing circuit 43 and trigger circuit 2
2, 24, 44, delay circuit 23, electric shock protection circuit 25
And AND circuits 26, 27, 42, and first gate circuit 2
8, the second gate circuit 29, and the third gate circuit 45
And, it consists of. Note that alphabets a to x shown in FIG. 2 indicate signal waveforms at respective points. Hereinafter, each element will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the zero-crossing detecting circuit 12 comprises a photocoupler PC12 and resistors R121 and R122, and receives a full-wave rectified voltage a (of FIG. 3B) from a terminal T121. When T12 is applied, a current flows through the light emitting diode D12 of the photocoupler PC12 via the resistor R121. Then, the light amount of the diode D12 changes according to the current value. Therefore, the light quantity decreases as the current value approaches zero, and the transistor Q12 is turned off.
The voltage value of 22 rises and becomes a waveform b rising at the point where the full-wave rectified waveform a crosses zero, as shown at T122 in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the waveform shaping circuit 13 includes an operational amplifier OP13 and resistors R131 and R132.
The reference voltage VREF is applied to the inverted input (minus side) of the operational amplifier OP13, and the voltage b from the terminal T131 is applied to the non-inverted input (plus side) (FIG. 4B).
4), the voltage c of the output terminal T132 of the operational amplifier OP13 becomes a value close to + VDD when the voltage of T131 is larger than VREF, as shown at T132 in FIG. 4B. When the voltage of T131 is smaller than VREF, the value is close to -VSS.

As shown in FIG. 5A, a differentiating circuit 14 includes a capacitor C14, a resistor R14, and a diode D14.
, And a waveform obtained by differentiating the voltage waveform input from the terminal T141 is output from the terminal T142. That is, when the waveform c shown in T141 of FIG. 5B is given, the waveform d shown in T142 is output.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the integrating circuit 15 includes an operational amplifier OP15 and resistors R151, R152,
It is composed of R153, transistor Q15, and capacitor C15, and uses a voltage signal input from a terminal T151 as a reset signal of the integration circuit.
Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, when a pulse-like voltage signal d is supplied from the terminal T151, a saw-tooth waveform e is output from the terminal T152.

As shown in FIG. 7, the voltage adjustment circuit 16
It comprises an operational amplifier OP16 and a variable resistor VR16, and converts a voltage signal given to a terminal T161 from a sample and hold circuit 40 to be described later to a variable resistor VR16.
And connect it to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 0P16. Therefore, the output terminal T16 of the voltage adjustment circuit 16
1 is output from the sample-and-hold circuit 40.
Will output a voltage signal proportional to the held voltage value, and the voltage value can be appropriately changed by manual operation by adjusting the variable resistor VR16.

The comparator 17 comprises an operational amplifier OP17 as shown in FIG. 8A, and as shown in FIG. 8B, compares the input waveform f at the terminal T171 and the input waveform e at the terminal T172. By comparison, a waveform g as shown at terminal T173 can be obtained.

The trigger circuits 22, 24 and 44 correspond to those shown in FIG.
As shown in (A), the inverter IN22 and the resistor R2
2, a capacitor C22 and an AND circuit AND22. When a rectangular pulse signal g is inputted from a terminal T221, as shown in FIG. The rising edge pulse h can be obtained. Note that Vs is A in FIG.
This is the threshold voltage of ND22.

As shown in FIG. 10A, the delay circuit 23 includes inverters IN241, IN242, a resistor R24,
It is composed of a capacitor C24, and can detect a delay in the rise of the signal S242 at the entrance of IN242 to obtain a delay signal 1 as shown by T242 in FIG.

The clock circuit 18 includes a transistor Q18, resistors R181 and R18, as shown in FIG.
2. It is composed of a diode D18. Then, the signal waveform c of the terminal T181 shown in FIG.
182 is converted to a waveform i. That is, since the output of the waveform shaping circuit 13 is a waveform having amplitudes on the plus side and the minus side, the logic IC
Therefore, the waveform is converted into a waveform having an amplitude only on the plus side as shown in a terminal T182.

Although not shown, the pulse number setting circuit 19, the charge cycle timing circuit 20, the discharge cycle timing circuit 21, and the measurement cycle timing circuit 43 are provided with a pulse number setting switch, encoder, data selector, counter, AND circuit, It is constituted by a gate IC such as an OR circuit, and performs a charge / discharge cycle based on a clock pulse given from the clock circuit 18 and an electrode 1
The timing of the resistance value measurement between a and 1a 'is obtained. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 12A, when a clock signal as shown by reference numeral i is given from the clock circuit 18, the charge cycle timing circuit 20 outputs a signal as shown by reference numeral j. A waveform which is turned on for three clock pulses and turned off for one time can be obtained. In the discharge cycle timing circuit 21, as shown by the symbol k, it is turned off for three clock pulses and turned off for one time (that is, the circuit 20 and the circuit 20). Is the opposite signal). Further, in the measurement cycle timing circuit 43,
As shown by the symbol t, both outputs of the charge and discharge cycle timing circuits 20 and 21 are turned off at a long cycle (for example, every 10 seconds), and a pulse signal for measurement timing (for example, 0.5 seconds; FIG. B) is output.

The differential amplifier circuit 39 reads a voltage value generated at both ends of the detection resistor Rs and outputs a voltage signal proportional to this voltage value. For example, the differential amplifier circuit 39 is configured by a circuit as shown in FIG. can do. That is, since the voltage signals at both ends of the detection resistor Rs shown in FIG. 2 are supplied to the two input terminals T391 and T392, the output from the output terminal T393 is the difference between them, that is, the detection resistor Rs Is a voltage signal having a magnitude proportional to the voltage generated at both ends of the signal. As a result, the electrodes 1a shown in FIGS.
If the resistance value between 1a 'becomes small, the voltage value between both ends of the detection resistor Rs becomes large, so that the voltage value output from the output terminal T393 becomes large, and the voltage value supplied to the voltage adjustment circuit 16 becomes large. Then, according to a procedure described later, the operation is performed to increase the discharge voltage. On the contrary, when the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'is increased, the discharge voltage is reduced. Therefore, even when the fresh water resistance fluctuates, the voltage between the electrodes 1a and 1a' is almost constant. The electric shock can be given.

The sample-and-hold circuit 40 holds the voltage signal value output from the differential amplifier circuit 39 at a predetermined timing, and as shown in FIG. 14, an operational amplifier OP401 used as a buffer,
It comprises an OP 402 and a switch circuit SW40. Then, the output signal of the differential amplifier circuit 39 supplied from the input terminal T401 is sampled and held each time a pulse signal v (that is, an AND signal of the waveform u and the waveform t) supplied from the input terminal T402 is provided. The signal is output from the output terminal T403 and supplied to the voltage adjustment circuit 16.

The electric shock protection circuit 25 includes the electrode 1 shown in FIG.
When a human or another animal approaches the dangerous area near (1a, 1a '), this is for detecting the detection and stopping the voltage supply to the electrode 1. And as a method of detecting the approach of humans and other animals, for example,
There are a method using an infrared light projector and a light receiver, a method using an ultrasonic sensor, a method using a resistance change of a load between electrodes, and the like. Furthermore, there is a method of using a TV camera automatic monitoring device and automatically outputting a detection signal by the automatic monitoring device when an animal enters the viewing angle of the camera.

The first to third gate circuits 28, 29, 4
5 is a pulse transformer PT as shown in FIG.
28, transistor Q28, resistor R28, diode D
28, and as shown in FIG.
When the input of 81 is the waveform p, a signal as shown by the waveform r is output from the terminal T282 (in the case of the first gate circuit 28), and when the input is the waveform q, the waveform s
(A second gate 29)
in the case of). The same applies to the third gate circuit 45, and the timing chart is not shown.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. The symbols a, b, c,... S and Vi, V shown in FIG.
c and Vo show waveforms at respective points shown in FIG. As described above, the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR1
Since the capacitor C1 is disposed between the thyristor SCR2 and SCR2, if the SCR1 is turned on and the SCR2 is turned off, the power from the power supply E1 is charged to the capacitor C1, and the SCR1 is turned off and the SCR2 is turned on In this case, the electric power charged in the capacitor C1 is supplied to the terminals 1a, 1
Discharge occurs during a ′. The control of the charging and discharging is performed by the control circuit 5.

As shown in FIG. 16, the waveform of the AC power supply E1 is periodically supplied as a sine wave that switches between plus and minus, and the full-wave rectifier circuit 11 turns the entire waveform to the positive side (waveform). a) is converted into a DC voltage having: Next, the zero-cross detection circuit 12 forms a waveform (see waveform b) that protrudes when the waveform reaches the 0 level, and the waveform shaping circuit 13 transforms the protruding waveform into a rectangular pulse waveform ( See waveform c).

The pulse waveform c output from the waveform shaping circuit 13 passes through the differentiating circuit 14 so that
A sawtooth wave (see waveform e) which is transformed into an impulse waveform (see waveform d) which is instantaneously generated and which gradually rises after passing through the integrating circuit 15 and then gradually decreases.
Is formed. The sawtooth wave e is connected to the negative input terminal of a comparator 17 (see FIG. 2), and the voltage signal f output from the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is supplied to the positive input terminal of the comparator 17. Therefore, when the output voltage f of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is higher than the sawtooth wave e output from the integration circuit 15, H
When the output signal f of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is smaller than the saw-tooth wave e, an L-level signal is output. Therefore, comparator 1
The output signal 7 has a pulse waveform like a waveform g, and the trigger circuit 22 generates a pulse waveform (see waveform h) that rises instantaneously at the leading edge of the waveform g. This waveform h is supplied to one input terminal of the AND circuit 26. Here, the output value of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 changes according to the output of the differential amplifier circuit 39, and the timing of the waveform h also changes accordingly. This will be described in detail later.

On the other hand, the output signal c of the waveform shaping circuit 13 is
The pulse waveform i is also output to the clock circuit 18, and the clock circuit 18 generates a pulse waveform i having an amplitude only on the positive side contrary to the waveform c. Then, the pulse number setting circuit 19 outputs a timing signal to each of the charge cycle timing circuit 20, the discharge cycle timing circuit 21, and the measurement cycle timing circuit 43. For example, if the number of times of charging and the number of times of discharging are respectively set to 3: 1, the charge cycle timing circuit 20 generates a waveform j that becomes L level once after three of the pulses of waveform i become H level. The discharge cycle timing circuit 21 generates and outputs the opposite, that is, a waveform k which becomes H level once after three of the pulses of the waveform i become L level. The waveform j is a signal for setting the charging time, and the waveform k is a signal for setting the discharging time.

The pulse number setting circuit 19 outputs a timing signal to the measurement cycle timing circuit 43 at a longer cycle. As a result, the measurement cycle timing circuit 43 outputs the H-level signal for 0.5 second for 10 seconds, for example, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B. (Both L level) are generated and output.

Then, the charge cycle timing circuit 20
Is connected to one input terminal of the AND circuit 26, and the waveform k output from the discharge cycle timing circuit 21 is corrected to a waveform delayed by a predetermined time by the delay circuit 23 (see waveform 1). Thereafter, the trigger circuit 24 generates a pulse waveform m that rises instantaneously at the leading edge of the waveform l, and is connected to one input terminal of the second AND circuit 27. Further, as shown in FIG. 12A, the output waveform t of the measurement cycle timing circuit 43
Is converted by the trigger circuit 44 into a waveform w that rises instantaneously at the leading edge of the waveform t, and is supplied to the gate circuit 45. As a result, the waveform x is supplied from the gate circuit 45 to the gate terminal of the third thyristor SCR3.

The output waveform t of the measurement cycle timing circuit 43 is also supplied to one end of an AND circuit 42, and the other end of the AND circuit 42 has an inverter 41
Is supplied, the AND circuit 42
The output signal has a waveform in which the clock pulse is output only while the waveform t is at the H level, as shown by the symbol v in FIG. Then, the switch of the sample and hold circuit 40 is turned on by the waveform v, and the reference voltage value set by the voltage adjustment circuit 16 is updated.

The output from the electric shock protection circuit 25 is supplied to each of the AND circuits 26 and 27.
As shown by the waveform n, a signal of H level is normally output from the electric shock protection circuit 25, and the electrode 1 shown in FIG.
When a human or other animal approaches the vicinity of, this signal operates so as to be at the L level.

Therefore, the output waveform h of the trigger circuit 22 and the charge cycle timing circuit 2
Since an output waveform j of 0 is given, a waveform such as "pulse output three times, rest once" is obtained as output p. Then, the first gate circuit 28 disposed on the subsequent stage side of the AND circuit 26 generates a waveform r that rises in an impulse manner at the leading edge of the waveform p.
Is supplied to the gate input of the thyristor SCR1. Therefore, the voltage waveform applied to the capacitor C1 by the operation of the thyristor is as shown by Vc, and the capacitor C1 can be charged with a constant power by three gate inputs.

If the electric shock protection circuit 25 does not operate, the waveform m is output as it is (see the waveform q), and the output of the AND circuit 27 is output by the second gate circuit 29 at the leading edge of the waveform q. A waveform s that rises in an impulse manner is generated and supplied to the gate input of the second thyristor SCR2. Therefore, when the waveform s becomes H level, this signal becomes S
Since the thyristor SCR is supplied to the gate of CR2,
2 is conducted, the electric power charged in the capacitor C1 is discharged and applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a '. As a result, a discharge current flows between the electrodes 1a and 1a ', and as shown in FIG. 1, electricity is conducted in the vicinity of the water intake. As a result, it becomes impossible to enter from the water intake, and it is not possible to adhere to the wall surface of the water channel.

Further, both charging and discharging of the capacitor C1 are stopped every 10 seconds. During this time, a gate signal is output from the gate circuit 45 connected to the measurement cycle timing circuit 43, so that the thyristor SCR3 is turned on. The DC voltage Edc for detection is applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'via the detection resistor Rs. Here, as described above, the resistance value in the fresh water in which the electrodes 1a and 1a 'are installed changes successively due to factors such as the temperature and water quality of the fresh water, and therefore, the resistance is connected in series with the electrodes 1a and 1a'. The voltage value applied to the detected detection resistor Rs also varies. Specifically, when the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'increases, the voltage value generated across the detection resistor Rs decreases. Conversely, when the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a' decreases, the resistance value of the detection resistor Rs decreases. The voltage value generated at both ends increases.

When the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'decreases, the voltage value across the detection resistor Rs increases as described above, so that the voltage value output from the differential amplifier 39 also increases. The reference voltage set by the adjustment circuit 16 increases. This will be described with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. 16. As the reference voltage increases, the level of the symbol f shown in FIG. 16 increases, and the intersection with the sawtooth wave shown by the symbol e is located on the left side in the figure. Will move. Accordingly, the pulse generation timing of the waveform h also moves to the left, and as a result, the phase angle at which the first thyristor SCR1 is fired changes, and the voltage charged in the capacitor C1 increases. Become. Therefore, when the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'decreases, the voltage value charged in the capacitor C1 increases, and
The voltage value applied between a 'increases. On the other hand, when the resistance between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'increases, the charging voltage of the capacitor C1 decreases, and the applied voltage decreases.

That is, even when the resistance value of fresh water fluctuates due to various conditions, the applied voltage is controlled so that the generated electric shock is substantially constant.
Irrespective of the change in the freshwater resistance value, it is possible to always effectively prevent invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms into the waterways.
Further, the variable resistor VR of the voltage adjustment circuit 16 shown in FIG.
By adjusting the setting of 16, the voltage value applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'can be adjusted separately from the resistance value of fresh water.

As can be easily understood from the timing chart of FIG. 16, a pulse signal is generated at the point where the voltage waveform of the AC power supply E1 crosses zero, three of which are used for charging and one for discharging. The charge / discharge cycle is repeated in the cycle of the power supply voltage, so that the discharge frequency is half the frequency of the power supply voltage. That is, if the power supply frequency is 50 Hz, discharge can be performed 25 times per second, and if the power supply frequency is 60 Hz, discharge can be performed 30 times per second. The present invention is not limited to the number of discharges, and can be arbitrarily changed. In other words, in the above-described example, one discharge is performed after three charges. However, if two charges are sufficient, for example, one discharge can be performed after two charges. It is also possible to lengthen the interval between discharges and discharge once every two seconds. Similarly, the period for measuring the resistance value between the electrodes 1a and 1a 'is set to once every 10 seconds in the above embodiment, but various changes can be made depending on various factors such as location conditions and weather.

As described above, in the DC pulse generator according to the present embodiment, for example, the electrodes 1a and 1a 'are installed near the fresh water intake of a hydroelectric power station, and a DC pulse is applied between the electrodes 1a and 1a'. By generating an electric shock, it is possible to prevent invading / adhering of polluted organisms such as insects and shellfish living in fresh water into the water channel. Further, even when the resistance value of fresh water fluctuates due to water temperature, water quality, etc., the resistance value of the fresh water is periodically sampled, and the applied voltage is changed in accordance with the resistance value. The impact can be kept almost constant, and the invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms can be effectively prevented.

Further, an electric shock protection circuit 25 is provided,
If a human or other animal approaches the vicinity of the electrode 1, the supply of voltage to the electrode 1 is stopped. For example, if a diver or the like accidentally approaches the water intake, a trouble such as electric shock may occur. It can be prevented beforehand.

In the above embodiment, an example in which a voltage is applied between the two electrodes 1a and 1a 'has been described for the sake of simplicity. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The method can be used to apply a voltage between a plurality of electrodes to prevent the entry of fouling organisms. Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the invasion of fouling organisms from the intake port and the drainage port of the hydroelectric power plant and the attachment of fouling organisms to the waterway wall are prevented, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Of course, the present invention can be applied to a water channel such as a water intake of a water supply system or an entrance of a water channel for agricultural water.

[0054]

As described above, the DC pulse generator according to the present invention has the following effects. That is, (1) Since a DC pulse voltage is applied between the electrodes at a predetermined timing, the electric shock generated by this voltage causes the polluted organisms to invade from the water channel or adhere to the wall surface of the water channel. Can be prevented. As a result, for example, it is possible to solve problems such as the occurrence of troubles due to the invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms to a water turbine for hydroelectric power generation. In addition, frequent clogging of the mesh screen for preventing fouling organisms from entering and adhering can be prevented,
Labor during maintenance can be significantly reduced. (2) By operating the voltage adjusting circuit, the charging voltage to the capacitor can be arbitrarily adjusted, and therefore, the voltage value applied between the electrodes can be arbitrarily changed. (3) In response to a change in freshwater resistance caused by a change in water temperature or water quality, a voltage applied between the electrodes can be changed to give a substantially constant electric shock, so that the invasion of fouling organisms can be effectively performed. -Adhesion can be prevented. (4) By mounting the electric shock protection circuit, when a human or other animal exists near the electrodes, the application of the voltage is stopped, so that an electric shock accident can be prevented beforehand. (5) First thyristor SCR1 and second thyristor S
The charge and discharge of the capacitor are switched by controlling the on / off of CR2. When SCR1 is on, SCR2
Is off, and conversely, when SCR2 is on, SCR
Since 1 is off, the power charged in the capacitor is not applied to the power supply side, and the circuit can be protected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a DC pulse generator according to the present invention is installed near a fresh water intake;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a DC pulse generator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3A is a circuit configuration diagram of a zero-cross detection circuit,
(B) is an input / output waveform diagram.

4A is a circuit configuration diagram of the waveform shaping circuit, and FIG. 4B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

5A is a circuit configuration diagram of a differentiating circuit, and FIG. 5B is an input / output waveform diagram.

6A is a circuit configuration diagram of an integration circuit, and FIG. 6B is an input / output waveform diagram.

FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram of a voltage adjustment circuit.

8A is a circuit configuration diagram of a comparator, and FIG. 8B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

9A is a circuit configuration diagram of a trigger circuit, and FIG. 9B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

10A is a circuit configuration diagram of a delay circuit, and FIG. 10B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

11A is a circuit configuration diagram of a clock circuit, and FIG. 11B is an input / output waveform diagram.

FIG. 12 is a timing chart showing output waveforms of a charge cycle timing circuit, a discharge cycle timing circuit, and a measurement cycle timing circuit.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a differential amplifier circuit.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a sample and hold circuit.

15A is a circuit configuration diagram of a gate circuit, and FIG. 15B is a waveform diagram of input and output.

FIG. 16 is a timing chart showing an operation procedure of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 (1a, 1a ') Electrode 4 Main circuit 5 Control circuit 11 Full-wave rectifier circuit 12 Synchronous signal generation circuit 13 Waveform shaping circuit 14 Differentiating circuit 15 Integrating circuit 16 Voltage adjusting circuit 17 Comparator 18 Clock circuit 19 Pulse number setting circuit 20 Charging Cycle timing circuit 21 discharge cycle timing circuit 22, 24, 44 trigger circuit 23 delay circuit 25 electric shock protection circuit 26, 27, 42 AND circuit 28 first gate circuit 29 second gate circuit 39 differential amplifier circuit 40 sample and hold Circuit 41 Inverter circuit 43 Measurement cycle timing circuit 45 Third gate circuit E1 AC power supply TR1 High voltage transformer D1 Full-wave rectifier L1 Coil SCR1 First thyristor (charging thyristor) SCR2 Second thyristor (discharging thyristor) SC 3 a third thyristor (switching element) C1 capacitor R1 current limiting resistor Rs sensing resistor RL load resistance Edc detecting DC power supply

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toru Kumagai 73-6, Otaniguchikitamachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Tetsuya Takizawa 124-2 Shinooi Fuse Goaki, Nagano City, Nagano Prefecture (56) References JP-A-11-36257 (JP, A) JP-A 63-141221 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 1/00 301 E02B 9/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] (1) Near freshwater channel or in place in channel
To generate a DC electric pulse in the waterway
Invasion of fouling organisms into rivers and adhesion of fouling organisms to waterway walls
DC pulse generator for preventingAn AC power supply (E1); A high-voltage transformer (T) that boosts the AC power to a predetermined high voltage
R1), Attached to the output side of the high-voltage transformer, the AC voltage is
A rectifier circuit (D1) for converting to a DC voltage; It is arranged after the rectifier circuit and is turned on by the gate voltage.
A charging thyristor (SCR1) that operates off, The power output from the charging thyristor is temporarily stored.
A capacitor (C1) to be stacked; It is placed after the capacitor and is turned off by the gate voltage.
A discharge thyristor (SCR2) that performs on / off operation, A coil (L) connected to the subsequent stage of the discharge thyristor
1) and In the waterway, or near the waterway, at regular intervals
And a plurality of electrodes connected to the output side of the coil.
Poles (1a, 1a '); Resistance measuring means for measuring the fresh water resistance between the electrodes, Depending on the resistance value measured by the resistance measuring means, the electrode
In order to change the voltage value applied between
Gate voltage is supplied to the thyristor and the thyristor for discharge.
Controls the on / off of the thyristor and
Charge voltage value and charge / discharge timing of capacitor
A control circuit (5) for controlling;  Fouling organisms in freshwater characterized by having
DC pulse generator for preventing adhesion. 2. The resistance value measuring means comprises a series connection of a detection DC power supply (Edc), a detection resistor (Rs), and a switching element (SCR3). connected between the electrodes, the voltage of the detection DC power supply by introducing a switching element in a predetermined cycle is applied between the electrodes, by detecting the voltage across the sense resistor at this time, fresh water resistance between the electrodes The DC pulse generator for preventing invasion and adhesion of fouling organisms in fresh water according to claim 1 , wherein the DC pulse is measured. 3. The control circuit detects a zero-cross point of the AC power supply voltage, and obtains a synchronization pulse signal synchronized with the zero-cross point. Means (20, 21) for setting a discharge timing; means (14, 15) for generating a sawtooth waveform that periodically changes at the time interval of generation of a synchronization pulse signal; and outputting a constant DC voltage whose level can be adjusted. A voltage adjustment circuit (16); a comparator (17) for comparing the sawtooth waveform with a constant DC voltage; and a voltage signal output to the gate of the charging thyristor at the set charging timing according to the output of the comparator. A first gate circuit (28) for outputting a voltage signal to the gate of the discharge thyristor at the set discharge timing. 2 gate circuits (2
9) and a differential amplifier circuit (3) for detecting a voltage across the detection resistor.
9), a sample and hold circuit (40) that samples and holds the output of the differential amplifier at a predetermined timing and outputs a setting signal to change the DC voltage value of the voltage adjustment circuit according to the value. a measurement cycle timing circuit for setting the timing of the hold timing and sample-and-hold circuit on of the switching element (43), having at least a fouling organisms intrusion-attachment prevention DC in freshwater claim 2, wherein Pulse generator.