JP3216732B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument having a function of automatically playing chords (chords), and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument capable of automatically selecting the inverted form of a chord.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function, there has been an electronic musical instrument which inputs a chord progression using a switch or the like for backing (accompaniment) and generates a chord according to the chord progression. This electronic musical instrument
C, D and other chord roots, m (minor), maj
A chord type such as (major) was input, and as the inverted form of the input chord, all basic forms were selected and played.

[0003]

FIG. 6 (a) shows a typical circular chord using the electronic musical instrument as described above. Dm9 → G7 ⁽ 9,13 ⁾ → Cmaj 9 → A7 ^{(−9) )} Is an example of an output code in the case of playing. In a conventional electronic musical instrument, since the relationship between an input chord and a generated chord is fixed, the range of the chord fluctuates up and down as shown in the figure.

[0004] Originally, in backing, the range of chords falls within a certain range, and it is considered better that the movement of the highest chord is smaller. However, in the conventional electronic musical instruments as described above, since the inverted form of the chord cannot be designated, the chord progression created by the user changes the chord range along with the movement of the root sound, and only a non-musical sound. There was a problem that it could not be obtained.

It is also conceivable to release the inversion type to the user and input up to the inversion type. However, simply releasing the inversion type will make a code suitable for the chord progression out of a number of inversion types for each code. However, there is a problem that the task of selecting and inputting the information is extremely difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to improve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide an apparatus for automatically selecting an inverted form of a chord suitable for backing from an inputted chord progression.

[0007]

The present invention SUMMARY OF] is an electronic musical instrument having an automatic playing function of the chord progression, initialization also
Based on the set reference maximum tone by the user, prior to
The pitch difference between the highest note in the code and the highest note in the code is minimized.
It is characterized in that means for selecting the inverted form of such a code are provided. More specifically, the present invention provides a
For each code, a plurality of inversions of each code are stored in advance.
Storage means, and code turning stored in the storage means
From the shape, the initial setting or set by the user
Based on only the reference maximum tone, the processing for the reference maximum tone
Code that minimizes the pitch difference between the highest notes of the target code.
The code inversion type is the code inversion type for the code to be processed.
A first selecting means for selecting the last code, and selecting
Highest tone of selected inversion and the default or user
Is equal to or just before
Equal to the inverted tones selected for the code of
If the highest tone of the code to be processed does not exist, the first
Activate the selection means and turn the code for the code to be processed
Means for selecting the shape and the selected
Predetermined range where the highest pitched tone is close to the reference highest note
In the above, the turning selected with respect to the immediately preceding code
Give priority to the code revolving shape that has the highest tone equal to the highest tone of the shape
Second selecting means for selectively selecting, and the selected code conversion
Means for generating a musical tone by allocating a circular musical tone
It is characterized by having done.

[0008]

With such a means, it is possible to automatically select and play the inverted form of the chord suitable for the backing simply by inputting a desired reference maximum tone and chord progression.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, a CPU 1 controls the entire electronic musical instrument. The ROM 2 stores programs necessary for sound control and the like, and data such as the inverted form of a code or preset music backing patterns. The RAM 3 stores input chord progression data, sound source control data, and the like.

The panel switch group 4 includes switches such as a code input switch, various function setting switches, and an automatic performance control switch. The switch interface circuit is a circuit that sequentially reads each switch contact of the panel switch group under the control of the CPU 1. The display circuit 6 displays input data, an operation state, and the like by using an LED, a liquid crystal display device, or the like.

The tone generator 7 is configured, for example, to read a waveform signal from the waveform memory 8 at an address interval corresponding to a designated frequency under the control of the CPU 1 and output a digital musical tone waveform. Further, the tone generator 7 is configured to be able to simultaneously emit a plurality of channels by, for example, time division multiplexing.

The waveform memory 8 stores waveforms of various timbres, and outputs data read from an address designated by the tone generator 7 to the tone generator. The D / A conversion circuit 9 converts the digital tone signal output from the tone generator 7 into a digital tone signal.
/ A conversion and amplification. The sound system 10 is a device that converts an electric signal into sound, for example, a speaker.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the outline of the operation of the above embodiment. First, in step S10, the user inputs a chord progression. As the input means, for example, from a panel switch, the root of a chord such as C, D, or E,
Enter chord types such as m (minor) and maj (major) for each chord. The CPU 1 reads this input information via the switch interface circuit 5, sequentially stores the input information in the RAM 3, and displays it on the display circuit 6 for confirmation.

The user inputs a reference highest note (hereinafter referred to as "To") along with the chord progression. This To
This is a numerical representation of the criterion of the highest note of the inverted form of the chord to be selected.

In step S11, it is determined whether or not a performance start instruction has been given, for example, by checking whether or not a start switch has been pressed, and the process waits until a performance start instruction is given.

If there is an instruction to start playing, step S12
First, the counter i is set to "1". In step S13, the CPU 1 sets the i-th code to R
The inverted form of the code is selected from the AM3 by the method described later. In step S14, the CPU
1 assigns each of the selected inverted sounds to a plurality of channels of the tone generator circuit to generate musical tones.

In step S15, "1" is added to the counter i. In step S16, whether or not the performance has ended is determined by, for example, whether an end symbol is written in the memory or there is no code information to be read. The state is detected by detecting the state. If the state is not ended, the process returns to step S13 to generate the next chord.

Next, in step S13 in FIG.
The details of the code reversal type selection process will be described. FIG.
3 is a flowchart showing an outline of a code reversal type selection process in step S13 in FIG. Step S
At 20, it is checked whether the code to be processed is the first code. If it is the first code, the process proceeds to step S22, where a code reversal type selection process for the first code is performed.

If the code to be processed is the second or subsequent code, the process shifts to step S21 to perform a code reversal type selection process for the second or subsequent code.

The reason why the processes are divided is that the second and subsequent selection processes are performed in consideration of the inverted highest tone of the previously selected chord.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of the code reversal type selection process for the first code in step S22 of FIG. In this figure, x4 represents the highest pitched sound by a numeral when four chord constituting sounds are used.

First, in step S30, in the inverted form of the read code, x4 = To,
In other words, it is checked whether or not there is any inverted highest tone that is equal to the reference highest tone specified by the user. Each pattern of the inverted shape has R for each chord root and chord type.
It may be stored in the OM, or may be obtained by processing such as moving chord constituent sounds based on a certain rule.

In step S30, if there is any one where x4 = To, it is selected and the process is terminated.
However, if not, the process proceeds to step S31, and the counter j is set to "1". In step S32, it is checked whether or not there is a turning type in which x4 = To-j. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if not, the process moves to step S33.

In step S33, x4 = To +
It is checked whether or not the inverted shape j exists. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if not, the process moves to step S34. In step S34, "1" is added to the counter j, and the process returns to step S32 to repeat the selection process.

Accordingly, in the processing of FIG. 4, the difference between the pitches of To and x4 is searched in the order of 0, -1, +1, -2, +2, -3... Will go.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing details of the code reversal type selection processing for the second and subsequent codes in step S21 of FIG. In this figure, Tm-1 represents x4 of the inversion type selected in the previous inversion type selection process.

First, in step S40, Tm-1
= To, that is, whether or not the highest tone of the immediately preceding chord is equal to the reference highest tone. If they are equal, the process proceeds to step S44. If they are not equal, step S4 is performed.
Move to 1.

In step S41, Tm-1 is set to To.
It is checked whether it is -3 or less. In the following cases, the process also proceeds to step S44. The processing after step S44 is the same as the processing after step S30 in FIG. This is to restore Tm-1, that is, the highest note of the immediately preceding chord, is too far from the reference highest note.

In step S41, Tm-1 becomes To-
If not less than 3, the process moves to step S42.
In step S42, it is checked whether Tm-1 is smaller than To. If it is smaller (that is, if Tm-1 = To-1 or Tm-1 = To-2), the process proceeds to step S43.

In step S43, x4 = Tm-1
It is checked whether or not the inverted form exists, and if it exists, the inverted form is selected and the process ends. This is because the highest note of the immediately preceding chord is not so far from the reference highest note, and if there is a turning pattern of the same highest note, it is preferentially selected. However, of the
If there is no such inverted shape, the process proceeds to step S44.
Run.

The processing after step S44 is the same as the processing after step S30 in FIG. 4 as described above. In step S44, it is checked whether or not any of the read inversions of x4 = To exists. If there is, select it and the process ends.
However, if not, the process proceeds to step S45, and the counter j is set to "1".

In step S46, x4 = To-
It is checked whether or not the inverted shape j exists. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if not, the process moves to step S47.

In step S47, x4 = To +
It is checked whether or not the inverted shape j exists. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if there is not, the process moves to step S48. In step S48, "1" is added to the counter j, and the process returns to step S46 to repeat the selection process.

On the other hand, if Tm-1 is not smaller than To in step S42 (that is, if Tm-1> To), the flow shifts to step S49. In step S49, it is checked whether or not Tm-1 is equal to or more than To + 3, and if it is, the process proceeds to step S51, but if not (ie, Tm-1 = To + 1 or Tm-).
If 1 = To + 2), the process proceeds to step S50. In step S50, it is checked whether or not there is a turning type in which x4 = Tm-1.
The process is completed by selecting the inverted shape. However, if not, the process moves to step S51.

In step S51, it is checked whether or not there is an inverted form of the read code in which x4 = To. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if not, the process moves to step S52, and the counter j is set to "1".

In step S53, x4 = To +
It is checked whether or not the inverted shape j exists. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if not, the process moves to step S54.

In step S54, x4 = To-
It is checked whether or not the inverted shape j exists. If there is, select it and the process ends. However, if there is not, the process proceeds to step S55. In step S55, "1" is added to the counter j, and the process returns to step S53 to repeat the selection process.

The processing after step S51 is performed at step S51.
44 is similar to the processing from step S53, but steps S53 and S5
The order of 4 is different. This is for the following reason.

The process after step S51 is a process when the highest tone Tm-1 of the immediately preceding chord is higher than the reference highest tone To. Therefore, in order to reduce the fluctuation of the highest tone as much as possible, if there is no such that x4 = To at step S51, first at step S53, x4 = T
This is because it is first checked whether or not there is an inverted shape of o + j.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the inverted type selected when the chord progression is input in the conventional example and the above-mentioned embodiment. FIG. 6 (a) shows a case where a conventional electronic musical instrument is used to play a typical circular chord, Dm9 → G7 ⁽ 9,13 ⁾ → Cmaj9 → A7 ^(-9) , as described above. , Is an example of an output code. In a conventional electronic musical instrument, since the relationship between an input chord and a generated chord is fixed, the range of the chord fluctuates up and down as shown in the figure.

FIG. 6B shows an example of an output code when the same cyclic chord as in FIG. 6A is played using an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 6B shows a case where the reference highest tone To is designated as G3 (that is, the sound of “G”).
The inversion-type highest tone x4 of each chord is almost complete.

FIG. 6C shows an example of an output code when the same cyclic chord as in FIG. 6A is played using an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is also applied. (I.e., the sound of "mi").
In this case, the inverted maximum tone x4 of each chord is completely aligned. As described above, according to this embodiment, the highest chord of the chord can be adjusted to the pitch arbitrarily set by the user.

Although one embodiment has been described above, in FIG. 5, when the conditions are satisfied in the determinations of steps S40 and S41 (in the case of Yes), the processing may shift to step S51.

The configuration of the electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied includes, in addition to the components shown in FIG.
A MIDI interface, a memory card interface such as a ROM or a RAM, or the like may be provided.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, even a user who has little knowledge of chord theory can input a chord name and obtain the same music as that of a player who is familiar with chord theory. There is an effect that it is possible to easily obtain a natural chord progression that is physically connected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an outline of the operation of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an outline of a code reversing type selection process.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of a code reversal type selection process for a first code.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating details of a code reversal type selection process for the second and subsequent codes;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a selected inversion when a chord progression is input in the conventional example and the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Panel switch group, 5 ... Switch interface circuit, 6 ... Display circuit, 7 ... Sound source circuit, 8 ... Waveform memory, 9 ... D / A conversion circuit, 10 ... Sound System, 11 ... bus

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] In an electronic musical instrument having an automatic performance function of chord progression, a plurality of inverted forms of each code are preliminarily corresponding to a plurality of codes.
A processing target code for the reference maximum tone based on only the initial maximum setting or the reference maximum tone set by the user from the storage means stored in the storage means and the code reversal form stored in the storage means. The inverted form of the chord that minimizes the pitch difference between
First selected as code reversal type for target code
Selecting means, the highest tones of the inverted shape selected for the immediately preceding code,
The default tone set by default or by the user
Equal to or the roll selected for the previous code
The highest tone of the processing target code equal to the highest tone of the circular shape exists
If not, activate the first selecting means and execute
Means for selecting the code inversion for the code and the highest tone of the inversion selected for the immediately preceding code
In a predetermined range close to the highest note,
-The same as the highest pitch of the inverted shape selected for the
Second selection for preferentially selecting a code turning type having a treble
Means and assigning the selected code-turned musical tone
An electronic musical instrument comprising: means for generating . 2. Immediately after the highest tone of the immediately preceding code.
The inversion of the code that minimizes the fluctuation of the highest tone of the code
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the priority is selected.
Electronic musical instruments. 3. A predetermined range close to a reference highest tone.
In the box, the fluctuation of the highest note of each chord is minimized.
The inverted form of the code having the highest sound is preferentially selected.
3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein
vessel. 4. The inverted form selected for the immediately preceding code.
The pitch difference between the highest note and the reference highest note is a preset value.
In the above case, the first selection means is activated and the processing target code is activated.
A code reversal type for the code
An electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3.