JP3218300B2 - Voltage pulse generating method, voltage pulse generating device, and electromagnetic wave generating device including voltage pulse generating device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for providing a method and an apparatus for generating a high-voltage pulse having a high voltage and a high energy. The present invention also relates to a technique for providing a device applied to a power supply unit of an electromagnetic wave generator suitable for generating a pulsed electromagnetic wave for evaluating the above.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional voltage pulse generation technique, for example, the one shown in FIG. 1 has been considered.

[0003] This voltage pulse generating apparatus uses an output voltage (V1) from an external power supply 1 comprising a charged capacitor.
And a generated voltage (V2) output from the plasma generator (MHD generator) 2 to generate a high-voltage pulse,
The generated high voltage pulse is supplied to the load 6.

For this purpose, the trigger circuit 3 controls the switch 4 to be in a closed state, applies a voltage output from the external power supply 1 to the gap switch 5a, and closes the gap switch 5a. At the same time, the trigger circuit 3 starts the plasma generator 2 by applying a trigger signal, applies the voltage output from the plasma generator 2 to the gap switch 5b, and closes the gap switch 5b. To

Then, the output voltage from the external power supply 1 (V
1) and the generated voltage (V) output from the plasma generator 2
2) is continuous on the time axis, and a high-output voltage pulse is supplied to the load 6.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned voltage pulse generation technology proposed conventionally, there are various problems as described below.

First, it is not easy to adjust the timing when the output voltage from the external power supply 1 and the generated voltage output from the plasma generator 2 are made continuous on the time axis. In order to perform this, the characteristics of the external power supply 1 and the plasma generator 2 are sufficiently grasped, and the trigger circuit 3 controls the closing state of the switch 4 and the start control of the plasma generator 2 at appropriate timing. Therefore, the manufacturing accuracy of the trigger circuit 3 and the like must be extremely strict.

Further, the gap switches 5a and 5b may not operate properly due to the influence of the surrounding environment and fluctuations in the applied voltage. Therefore, for some reason, the output voltages of the external power supply 1 and the plasma generator 2 may fluctuate. In some cases, a desired voltage pulse cannot be generated due to a malfunction of the gap switches 5a and 5b.

[0009] Therefore, it has been desired to solve these problems and to develop a device for generating a high-voltage pulse with high voltage and high energy. Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve such an unsolved problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for generating a high-output voltage pulse that performs stable operation using plasma.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a suitable electromagnetic wave generator using the voltage pulse generating means. This makes it possible to generate high-output electromagnetic waves as compared with a conventional electromagnetic wave generator, for example, an electromagnetic wave generator including a high-voltage power supply including a charged capacitor and a plasma generator (MHD generator). .

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a trigger section for generating high-speed plasma using explosives.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating a voltage pulse by using a plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction. A first pair of electrodes for generating an electric field in response to the supply, a second pair of electrodes capable of extracting at least an electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma, and a gap between the second pair of electrodes. And a third pair of electrodes receiving the supply of the voltage is prepared.
The second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are set to be in a conductive state by the progress of the plasma, and a magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the first electrode pair is generated. To supply a voltage to generate an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, thereby accelerating the plasma in the direction of travel, and causing the plasma to move in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field due to the progress of the plasma. A voltage pulse generating method is provided, wherein the generated electromotive force and the supplied voltage are taken out through the second electrode pair.

According to this voltage pulse generating method, first,
The plasma traveling in the predetermined direction is accelerated in the traveling direction by traveling in the first electrode pair that receives the supply of the voltage. Next, an electromotive force is generated in the second electrode pair due to the progress of the plasma.

When the plasma reaches the gap position, the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into a conductive state, so that the plasma is generated by the progress of the plasma through the second electrode pair. The generated electromotive force and the voltage supplied to the third electrode pair can be extracted, and the extractable voltage becomes a high-voltage pulse.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, wherein the magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. Means, a first electrode pair for receiving a supply of voltage to generate an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, for accelerating the plasma in the direction of travel, and A second pair of electrodes capable of extracting at least an electromotive force generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field; and a third pair of electrodes arranged with a gap between the second pair of electrodes and receiving the supply of the voltage. And
A voltage pulse generator is provided, wherein the gap is set so that the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction by the progress of plasma.

According to this device, when the plasma traveling in the predetermined direction travels in the first pair of electrodes, it receives the magnetic field and the voltage supplied by the magnetic field generating means and acts on the electric field generated by the first pair of electrodes. Is accelerated in the traveling direction. Next, in the second electrode pair, an electromotive force is generated due to the progress of the plasma (due to the action of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field and the progress of the plasma). Further, when the plasma reaches the gap position, By making the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair conductive, the electromotive force and the voltage supplied to the third electrode pair can be extracted, and the extractable voltage is a high-voltage pulse. Become.

The voltage extracted by the invention according to claim 1 or 2 is extracted, for example, such that the electromotive force and the voltage supplied to the third electrode pair have a continuous voltage pulse waveform on a time axis. . Note that the first electrode pair and the second
It is preferable that one of the electrode pairs is provided with an insulator such as vinyl chloride in order to ensure an electrical non-conduction state with the electrode pair.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, wherein at least an electromotive force generated due to the traveling of the plasma is generated. A first pair of electrodes which can be taken out, and a second pair of electrodes which are supplied with a voltage and are provided with a gap between the first pair of electrodes are prepared. And an electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma by generating a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, and the supplied voltage And the first
A voltage pulse generation method, which is extracted through the pair of electrodes.

According to this voltage pulse generating method, the electromotive force generated in the first electrode pair is supplied to the load connected to the first electrode pair, and when the plasma reaches the gap position, The first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into conduction, so that the voltage supplied to the second electrode pair is applied to the load, and a high-energy voltage pulse can be supplied to the load.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for generating a voltage pulse by using a plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, wherein the magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. Means, a first electrode pair capable of extracting at least an electromotive force generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field due to the progress of the plasma, and a gap provided between the first electrode pair and the first electrode pair. A second electrode pair receiving a supply of a voltage, wherein the gap is set so as to make the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair conductive with the progress of plasma. A voltage pulse generator is provided.

In order to ensure an electrically non-conductive state between the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair,
It is preferable to adopt a configuration in which an insulating material is provided on the second electrode pair side.

According to this device, when the plasma proceeds in a predetermined direction, an electromotive force is generated by the action of the magnetic field by the magnetic field generating means, and the electromotive force is applied to the load. And when the plasma reaches the gap position,
The first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into a conductive state, the voltage supplied to the second electrode pair is applied to the load, and a high-energy voltage pulse can be supplied to the load.

The voltage extracted by the invention according to claim 3 or 4 is extracted, for example, such that the electromotive force and the voltage supplied to the second electrode pair have a continuous voltage pulse waveform on a time axis. .

Further, there is provided an electromagnetic wave generator including the above-described voltage pulse generator and generating an electromagnetic wave. That is, according to the invention according to claim 5, the voltage pulse generator according to any one of claims 2 and 4, and a trigger for generating a plasma that enters the voltage pulse generator when a start signal is given. Unit, a magnetron having an anode and a cathode, a high-frequency output unit, an antenna for radiating electromagnetic waves output from the high-frequency output unit, and closed when given a control signal, the output of the voltage pulse generator A first switch for applying a voltage to the anode; and a second switch for applying a voltage from a heating voltage source to the cathode when the control signal is applied.
And a control unit for supplying a control signal to the second switch, supplying a start signal to the trigger unit, and supplying a control signal to the first switch. An electromagnetic wave generator including a pulse generator is provided.

Here, the high-frequency output section refers to a section always provided in the magnetron that oscillates and outputs an electromagnetic wave. The control unit supplies a control signal to the second switch, supplies a start signal to the trigger unit after a first predetermined time has elapsed, and further supplies a first signal after a second predetermined time has elapsed. A control signal may be supplied to the switch.

According to this, the trigger section, which has been supplied with the start signal from the control section, supplies the voltage pulse generator with plasma which travels in a predetermined direction. Then, when a plasma traveling in a predetermined direction is given, the voltage pulse generator generates a pulse voltage, oscillates and outputs a high-power electromagnetic wave to a high-frequency output section of the magnetron, and the oscillated electromagnetic wave is radiated through the antenna. You.

Also, according to the invention of claim 6, an electromagnetic wave generator including a voltage pulse generator is provided.
That is, according to the invention of claim 6, claims 2 and 4
A trigger unit for generating a plasma that enters the voltage pulse generator when a start signal is given; and an MC explosive generator connected to the voltage pulse generator. A switch connected to the MC type explosive generator and opened at a predetermined time;
A control unit that receives supply of electric energy obtained from a C-type explosive generator, supplies an antenna for emitting electromagnetic waves, supplies a start signal to the trigger unit, and starts explosion of the MC-type explosive generator. And an electromagnetic wave generator including a voltage pulse generator.

The control section may supply a start signal to the trigger section and, after a lapse of a predetermined time, start the explosion of the MC explosive generator. According to this, the trigger unit receiving the start signal from the control unit,
A plasma that travels in a predetermined direction is applied to the voltage pulse generator.

When a plasma traveling in a predetermined direction is applied, the voltage pulse generator generates a voltage pulse. The current amplified by the explosion of the MC type explosive generator supplied with the voltage pulse is amplified. When the switch is opened, high-power electromagnetic waves are radiated through the antenna.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fifth and sixth aspects, the trigger portion comprises: an explosive;
A gas that becomes plasma when the explosive explodes is stored in a storage container, and when a start signal is supplied, the explosive explodes to generate plasma.

The trigger generates an extremely high-speed plasma when the explosive explodes. As a result, the voltage pulse generator generates a high-voltage pulse.

[0032]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, an outline of the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This device comprises a plasma generator 20 for generating high voltage pulses.
0 and an amplification generator 310 using this high voltage as an amplification current.
And a trigger circuit 300 that controls the plasma generator 200 and the amplification generator 310 when the current exceeds a predetermined value flows, and a trigger circuit 300 that controls the plasma generator 200 and the amplification generator 310. It is connected to the.

Then, the trigger circuit 300 gives a trigger signal to activate the plasma generator 200 to generate a high-voltage pulse, and further controls the amplification generator 310 after a predetermined time to be output from the plasma generator 2. High-voltage pulses are current amplified. Further, when the current exceeds a predetermined value, the off switch 320 is opened, and a high voltage is applied to the load 6.

Hereinafter, more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described. First, a specific embodiment of the plasma generator 200 will be described. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a voltage pulse generator 50 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C
2A is a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the voltage pulse generator 50. FIG. 2B is a plan view of FIG.
2 is a front view of FIG.
The pole permanent magnet 8 and the magnet fixing member 15a are not shown), FIG.
The side view of FIG. 2C is a front view of FIG. 2A viewed from a direction B in FIG. 2A (electrode 10a, electrode 10a).
c, the electrode 10e, the insulator 13a, the electrode fixing member 7a, and the gap 25a).

As shown in FIG. 2B, the traveling direction of the plasma is a direction from left to right in FIG. 2B. Accordingly, the direction of the plasma in FIG. 2A is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and is from the near side to the other side of the drawing (the “plasma proceeding direction” is indicated by an arrow), and the direction of the plasma in FIG. The traveling direction is from left to right (the arrow indicates the “plasma traveling direction”).

The voltage pulse generator 50 includes a pair of electrode fixing members 7a and 7b extending at predetermined intervals so that the longitudinal direction is the direction in which the plasma travels. And a pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b extending at predetermined intervals so as to be in the direction, and a pair of electrode fixing members 7a and 7b and a pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b. The external appearance of the apparatus is a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the plasma traveling direction, and the pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b respectively have an N-pole permanent magnet 8 and an S-pole permanent magnet whose plasma traveling direction is the longitudinal direction. 9 (magnetic field generating means). Therefore, in FIG. 2A, the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the plane of the paper and goes from the upper side to the lower side of the plane of the paper, and the plasma traveling direction is orthogonal to the magnetic field direction.

The electrode 10a, the electrode 10c, and the electrode 10e are mounted on the electrode fixing member 7a so that the plasma traveling direction is the longitudinal direction.
A gap 25a is provided between e. Further, in order to ensure an electrically non-conductive state between the electrode 10a and the electrode 10c, the electrode 10a is provided with an insulator 13a such as vinyl chloride.
Is provided. Of course, electrode 10a and electrode 1
By adjusting the mounting interval with 0c, an electrically non-conductive state between them may be ensured.

Similarly, the electrode 10b, the electrode 10b, whose plasma traveling direction is the longitudinal direction, is attached to the electrode fixing member 7b.
d and the electrode 10f are mounted, and a gap 25b is provided between the electrode 10d and the electrode 10f. Electrode 1
The electrode 10b is provided with an insulator 13b such as vinyl chloride in order to ensure an electrically non-conductive state between the electrode 10b and the electrode 10d.

Further, the electrodes 10a and 10b and the electrode 1
An external power supply 20 is connected to 0e and 10f by an insulative wire capable of supplying a voltage, and a load 6 is connected to the electrodes 10c and 10d. Note that it is preferable to connect the electrodes 10a and 10b and the electrodes 10e and 10f to the external power supply 20 with an insulated wire covered with an insulator because an unnecessary electric field generated by the wires can be reduced.

In this configuration, the electrode 10a and the electrode 10b constitute a first electrode pair, the electrode 10c and the electrode 10d constitute a second electrode pair, and the electrode 10e and the electrode 10f constitute a third electrode pair. The N-pole permanent magnet 8 and the S-pole permanent magnet 9 are magnetic field generating means.

Accordingly, the direction of the electric field generated by the first pair of electrodes is the left-right direction of the drawing in FIG. 2A, and the direction of the magnetic field is orthogonal to the direction of the electric field. When the plasma reaches the gap position, the gaps 25a and 25b conduct so that the "electrode 10c and the electrode 10e" and the "electrode 10d and the electrode 10f" conduct, that is, the second electrode The pair and the third electrode pair are set to be in a conductive state. It should be noted that such a gap interval is determined in advance by experiments or the like,
What is necessary is just to set based on this calculated value. Further, in this embodiment, the gaps 25a and 25b are
The third electrode pair is provided at an end of the load 6a in the longitudinal direction of a and 7b, and the length of the third electrode pair in the longitudinal direction is shorter than that of the other electrode pairs.

Now, the operation of this apparatus will be described assuming that the plasma advances from the left side of FIG. 2B and the plasma continues to advance to the right side. When the plasma travels inside the first electrode pair 10a, 10b, the external power source 2
The plasma current flows as shown in FIG. 2B by the action of the electric field generated by the first electrode pair when voltage is supplied from 0.

The N-pole permanent magnet 8 and the S-pole permanent magnet 9
Is perpendicular to the direction of the plasma current, so that a force is applied in the plasma advancing direction according to Fleming's left-hand rule. When this force is F, the magnetic field is B, the current is I, and the distance between the electrodes is d, the following equation (1) is obtained.
Is established.

F = I · B · d (Equation 1) The plasma is accelerated in the traveling direction by receiving this force. Therefore, the equation of motion is as follows, where m is the mass of the plasma and α is the acceleration. It looks like 2).

F = m · α (Equation 2) Therefore, from (Equation 1) and (Equation 2), the acceleration α is as shown in the following equation (3). α = (I · B · d) / m (Equation 3) Further, the inrush speed of the plasma into the present apparatus, that is, the initial speed is v ₀ , and the time required to pass through the first electrode pair is t.
Then, the velocity v of the plasma at the load-side end of the first electrode pair is expressed by the following equation (4).

V = v ₀ + α · t = v ₀ + (I · B · d · t) / m (Equation 4) If the electrodes 10 a and 10 b are not provided,
The velocity v of the plasma at the load-side end of the first electrode pair is v
_Since it remains ₀ , by providing the electrodes 10a and 10b, the speed of the plasma is accelerated by "(IBDt) / m", that is, by the second term of the expression 4. Will be.

Further, when the plasma proceeds inside the second pair of electrodes, an electromotive force due to the progress of the plasma as described below is generated, and this electromotive force is applied to the load 6 via the second pair of electrodes. Applied.

The electromotive force is obtained by Fleming's right-hand rule, and the electromotive force is E, the plasma velocity is v, the distance between the electrodes is d, the magnetic field generated by the N-pole permanent magnet 8 and the S-pole permanent magnet 9 Is B, the following equation (5) holds.

E = v · B · d (Equation 5) Since the electromotive force E is proportional to the plasma velocity v, the plasma is accelerated by providing the electrodes 10a and 10b. IBdt) / m)
An electromotive force larger by “× B” is obtained, and a high-voltage pulse can be generated.

Further, the plasma proceeds, and the gap 25
When the electrodes reach the positions a and 25b, the electrode 10c and the electrode 10e conduct, and the electrode 10d and the electrode 10f conduct, due to the conductive effect of the plasma. That is, the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair Is turned on, and the supply voltage from the external power supply 20 is applied to the load 6 via the third electrode pair and the second electrode pair.

Therefore, a pulse voltage is obtained in which the voltage due to the electromotive force and the supply voltage from the external power supply 20 are continuous on the time axis, and the obtained high-voltage pulse can be applied to the load 6. . This situation is shown in FIG. 3 (the vertical axis represents the voltage applied to the load, and the horizontal axis represents the time in the magnetic field of the plasma).

By simply advancing the plasma in the magnetic field B, only a low-voltage waveform can be obtained. However, in this embodiment, first, the plasma is accelerated inside the first pair of electrodes, and the electromotive force resulting from the progress of the accelerated plasma is made available through the second pair of electrodes. And when the plasma reaches the gap, the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction,
When a voltage of, for example, about 1000 (V) is applied between the gaps, a so-called arc discharge starts, and the insulation state due to the gap does not recover (in order to recover the insulation state, that is, to stop the arc discharge). For example, an operation of injecting a substance having an arc extinguishing action such as compressed air between the gaps and forcibly extinguishing the arc is required), and until the high-speed plasma is released outside the apparatus, the second electrode Since the pair and the third electrode pair remain in a conductive state, as shown in FIG. 3, the voltage due to the electromotive force (a high voltage pulse is generated by the electromotive force due to the acceleration) and the supply voltage of the external power supply 20 Are continuously applied to the load 6.

Further, since the plasma proceeds to the gap position and the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction by the conductive action of the plasma, compared with the case where a switching element having a movable portion is employed. Thus, the conduction state between the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair can be quickly set.

As described above, the first pair of electrodes for generating an electric field by receiving the supply of voltage, and the second pair of electrodes capable of extracting the electromotive force generated due to the progress of plasma. A second electrode pair is provided with a gap between the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair receiving the voltage; Is set to be in a conductive state, a magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the plasma travels, and a voltage is supplied to the first electrode pair, and the direction of the magnetic field is A vertical electric field is generated to accelerate the plasma in the direction of travel, and the electromotive force generated in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field due to the progress of the plasma and the supplied voltage are converted into a second voltage. A method for generating a voltage pulse, which is extracted through an electrode pair, is provided. It will be.

Next, a voltage pulse generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a voltage pulse generator 52 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 4 (a), 4 (b) and 4 (c)
Are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the device, respectively.
FIG. 4B is a plan view showing the front view of FIG.
(A) as viewed from the direction of the symbol C (N pole permanent magnet 8,
4 (c) is a front view of FIG. 4 (a) viewed from a direction D in FIG. 4 (a) (a front electrode 11a, a rear electrode). 11c, the electrode fixing member 7a, and the gap 26a).

As shown in FIG. 4B, the traveling direction of the plasma is from left to right in FIG. 4B. Therefore, the traveling direction of the plasma in FIG. 4 (a) is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and extends from the near side of the paper to the other side (the “plasma traveling direction” is indicated by an arrow), and the plasma in FIG. The traveling direction is from left to right (the arrow indicates the “plasma traveling direction”).

The voltage pulse generator 52 includes a pair of electrode fixing members 7a and 7b extending at a predetermined interval so that the longitudinal direction is the direction of plasma advancement. And a pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b extending at predetermined intervals so as to be in the direction, and a pair of electrode fixing members 7a and 7b and a pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b. The external appearance of the apparatus is a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the plasma traveling direction, and the pair of magnet fixing members 15a and 15b respectively have an N-pole permanent magnet 8 and an S-pole permanent magnet whose plasma traveling direction is the longitudinal direction. 9 (magnetic field generating means). Therefore, in FIG. 4A, the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the plane of the paper and goes from the upper side to the lower side of the plane of the paper, and the plasma traveling direction is orthogonal to the direction of the magnetic field.

The front electrode 11a and the rear electrode 11c, whose longitudinal direction is the plasma traveling direction, are mounted on the electrode fixing member 7a so as to form a gap 26a, and the electrode fixing member 7b has A front-stage electrode 11b and a rear-stage electrode 11d whose plasma traveling direction is the longitudinal direction are mounted so as to form a gap 26b. Further, the front-stage electrode 11a and the front-stage electrode 11b (first electrode pair) include: The load 6 is connected to receive a voltage supply,
An external power supply 20 for supplying a voltage is connected to the rear electrode 11c and the rear electrode 11d (second electrode pair).

In this configuration, the front electrode 11a and the front electrode 11b are the first electrode pair, and the rear electrode 11c and the rear electrode 1c.
1d is a second electrode pair, and the N-pole permanent magnet 8 and the S-pole permanent magnet 9 are magnetic field generating means.

In this embodiment, the gaps 26a, 26b
To the external power source 2 in the longitudinal direction of the electrode fixing members 7a and 7b.
It is provided on the side close to 0, and the length in the longitudinal direction of the first electrode pair is longer than the length in the longitudinal direction of the second electrode pair.

With such an apparatus configuration, the direction of the plasma and the direction of the magnetic field are orthogonal to each other. The gap 2
When the plasma reaches the gap position, the conductive electrodes 6a and 26b cause the “pre-stage electrode 11a and the rear-stage electrode 11
"c" and "the front-stage electrode 11b and the rear-stage electrode 11d" are set to be conductive, that is, the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are set to be conductive. It should be noted that such a gap interval may be determined in advance by an experiment or the like and set based on the determined value.

Now, the operation of this apparatus will be described on the assumption that the plasma advances from the left side of FIG. 4B and the plasma continues to advance on the right side. When the plasma travels inside the first pair of electrodes 11a and 11b, an electromotive force due to the progress of the plasma as described below is generated. The electromotive force is obtained by Fleming's right-hand rule, and the electromotive force is E, the plasma velocity is v, the distance between the electrodes is d, and N is
Assuming that the magnetic field generated by the pole permanent magnet 8 and the S pole permanent magnet 9 is B, the following equation holds.

E = v · B · d This electromotive force is applied to the load 6 while the plasma continues to advance inside the first pair of electrodes 11a and 11b.

Further, when the plasma advances and reaches the gap position, the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into conduction by the conductive action of the plasma, whereby the supply voltage of the external power source 20 is reduced. The voltage is applied to the load 6 via the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair.

According to this embodiment, the plasma is
While traveling inside the electrode pairs 11a and 11b, the electromotive force shown by the above equation is applied to the load 6, and when the plasma reaches the gap, the first electrode pair and the second electrode The electrode pair is brought into conduction, and between these gaps, for example, 1000
When a voltage of about (V) is applied, a so-called arc discharge starts, and the insulating state due to the gap does not recover (in order to recover the insulating state, that is, to stop the arc discharge, for example, the gap between the gaps is removed). It is necessary to inject a substance having an arc-extinguishing effect such as compressed air to forcibly extinguish the arc), and until the high-speed plasma is released outside the apparatus, the first electrode pair and the second
As shown in FIG. 5 (the vertical axis indicates the voltage applied to the load, and the horizontal axis indicates the existence time in the magnetic field of the plasma), the voltage due to the electromotive force and the external The supply voltage of the power supply 20 is continuously applied to the load 6.

As a result, the electromotive force and the supply voltage are continuous on the time axis, and this continuous high-energy voltage pulse can be applied to the load 6. Further, the plasma proceeds to the gap position, and the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into conduction by the conductive action of the plasma. The conduction state between the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair can be quickly set.

As described above, the first electrode pair capable of extracting at least the electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma, the voltage supplied, and the gap provided with the first electrode pair are provided. A second electrode pair is prepared, and the gap is set so that both electrode pairs are brought into a conductive state by the progress of the plasma, and a magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the plasma. Thus, there is provided a voltage pulse generating method for extracting the electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma and the supplied voltage via the first electrode pair.

According to the first and second embodiments described above,
In the calculation, for example, the following values are obtained. The voltage of the external power supply is “3000 (V), which is the charging voltage of the capacitor of 100 (μF)”, the load is “10 (μH) coil (resistance 7 (mΩ))”, and the initial velocity of the plasma is “15000”.
(M / s) ", the magnetic flux is" 0.6 (T) ", the total length of the device is" 500 (mm) ", and the length of the first electrode pair is" 200 (T) ".
(Mm) "and the length of the second electrode pair is set to" 200 (m)
m), the length of the third electrode pair is “80 (mm)”, the distance between the electrodes constituting each electrode pair is “120 (mm)”, the electrode width is “45 (mm)”, and the distance between the two magnets is Distance of 45 m
m) ", the width of the magnet (neodymium iron-based magnet)" 150 (m
m), the gap is “10 (mm)”, and the position of the gap on the external power supply side is “90 (m)” from the load-side end of the electrode fixing member 7a.
m) ”, the pulse of the output voltage“ 1200 (V) ”is“ 20 (μm) ”after the start of the application of the magnetic field to the plasma.
s) to 50 (μs), and a pulse of output voltage “2800 (V)” was output after 50 (μs) after the start of the application of the magnetic field to the plasma.

According to the second embodiment described above,
The voltage of the external power supply is “3000 (V), which is the charging voltage of the capacitor of 100 (μF)”, the load is “10 (μH) coil (resistance 7 (mΩ)”), and the initial plasma speed is “15000 ( m / s), the magnetic flux is “0.6 (T)”,
The total length of the device is “500 (mm)”, the length of the first electrode pair is “300 (mm)”, and the length of the second electrode pair is “190”.
(Mm) ", and the distance between the electrodes constituting each electrode pair is" 12 ".
0 (mm) ", electrode width" 45 (mm) ", distance between both magnets" 45 (mm) ", magnet (neodymium iron-based magnet) width" 150 (mm) ", and gap" 10 (mm) ". ) ", Assuming that the load side position of the gap is" 200 (mm) "from the external power supply end of the electrode fixing member 7a, the output voltage is" 100 ".
0 (V) "is output from 30 minutes (μs) immediately after the start of the application of the magnetic field to the plasma, and 30 (μs) or more immediately after the start of the application of the magnetic field to the plasma.
A pulse having an output voltage of "3000 (V)" was output.

Next, a preferred electromagnetic wave generator to which this voltage pulse generator is applied will be described. The principle of operation is the same regardless of whether the pulse generator of any of the embodiments is applied (either the pulse generator 50 or the pulse generator 52). That is, plasma is applied to the pulse generator to obtain a high-output voltage pulse, and the voltage pulse is used to generate an electromagnetic wave. Therefore, in particular, only the electromagnetic wave generator that assumes the application of the pulse generator 50 will be described.

First, the electromagnetic wave generator of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the electromagnetic wave generator of the first embodiment including the voltage pulse generator shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, this electromagnetic wave generator 1
00 is a trigger unit 60 for generating plasma when a start signal is given, and a voltage pulse generator 50 shown in FIG.
And a magnetron 90 having an anode 93 and a cathode 94 and a high-frequency output unit 92 for oscillating and outputting an electromagnetic wave.
And a waveguide 98 for guiding the oscillated electromagnetic wave, a horn antenna 99 for radiating the guided electromagnetic wave, and an output pulse voltage of the voltage pulse generator 50 can be applied to the anode 93 when the closed state is controlled. The first switch 95
And a second switch 96 that enables application of a voltage from the battery 97, which is a heating voltage source, to the cathode 94 when controlled to the closed state, and a first switch 95, a second switch 96, and the trigger unit 60. The control unit 70 includes a control unit 70 that supplies a control signal and a start signal, and a switch 80 for starting the control unit 70.

The high-frequency output unit 9 of the magnetron 90
Before the second switch 9
6 is closed, the battery 97 supplies a voltage to the cathode 94, the magnetron 90 is kept in a heated state, and then the first switch 95 is closed.
A voltage may be supplied to the anode 93.

The control unit 70 performs a control operation to be described later.
The first switch 95 can be realized by an electronic device such as an OM or a CPU that performs an operation according to an operation program.
The second switch 96 can be realized using, for example, a relay or the like.

As the trigger section 60, for example, the one shown in FIG. 7 can be considered. FIG. 7 shows the storage container 11.
In a configuration in which an electric detonator 115 is provided in a state in which the explosive 120 and argon gas are sealed in 0, when the control unit 70 gives a start signal to the electric detonator 115, the electric detonator 115 is detonated and the explosive 120 explodes. As a result, the argon gas becomes a plasma state and is blown off, and an operation is performed so that the plasma enters the voltage pulse generator 50.

According to the one shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to realize a simple and compact trigger section using explosives, and furthermore, the explosive action of the explosives 120 enables
The speed of the plasma applied to the voltage pulse generator 50 can be made extremely high (a speed of, for example, about 10 k (m / s) depending on the amount of the explosive and the argon gas). As the electric detonator 115, an electric detonator No. 6 for mining and industrial use, an electric detonator for seismic exploration (high accuracy in time), a gas pipe detonation system, and a nonel system (both systems are non-electric detonation systems and are based on ambient A malfunction can be prevented and high reliability) can be used.

Examples of explosives include explosives such as dynamite, hydrous explosives, nitrite explosives, and nitrate oil explosives, PETN,
A single product such as RDX, HMT, and TNT, or a mixture of two or more thereof, or a product obtained by adding an oxidizing agent such as an oil-based or silicon-based binder or a nitrate or chloric acid thereto may be used.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic wave generator 100 will be described. First, when the switch 80 is operated, the controller 70
Supplies a control signal, closes the second switch 96, causes the battery 97 to supply a voltage to the cathode 94, and starts heating the magnetron 90.

Further, the controller 70 supplies a start signal to the electric detonator 115 after a first predetermined time has elapsed from the start of heating the cathode 94. As a result, the electric detonator 115 is detonated, the explosive 120 in the trigger section 60 explodes, and the argon gas becomes plasma, and the high-speed plasma due to the explosion of the explosive 120 enters the voltage pulse generator 50. become.

Then, after supplying the start signal to the electric detonator 115, the control unit 70 gives a control signal to close the first switch 95 after a second predetermined time has elapsed. The first switch 95 is closed.

The first predetermined time and the second predetermined time are determined in advance by experiments, simulations, or the like, and appropriate values are obtained in advance, and at the timings of the obtained first predetermined time and the second predetermined time. An operation program in the control unit 70 may be created so that a control signal is given to each switch.

When the argon gas is turned into plasma by the detonation of the electric detonator 115, and this plasma enters the voltage pulse generator 50, the plasma is accelerated in the first electrode pair receiving the voltage supply as described above. When plasma is present in the second pair of electrodes, an electromotive force is generated, and the electromotive force is applied to the anode 93 via the second pair of electrodes. The pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction, and the supply voltage from the external power supply is applied to the anode 93 via the second electrode pair.

This applied voltage is a very high voltage pulse, and a high-output electromagnetic wave is output from the high-frequency output unit 92 by the oscillating operation of the magnetron 90.
The light is radiated through the waveguide 98 and the horn antenna 99.

With the above operation, it is possible to realize a device for generating a high-output electromagnetic wave using a very high voltage pulse. In addition, since plasma is generated using explosives, high-speed plasma can be generated, and a very high voltage pulse can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to generate an electromagnetic wave having a higher electric field intensity.

Next, an electromagnetic wave generator according to a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic wave generator of the second embodiment including the voltage pulse generator shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 8, this electromagnetic wave generator 1
00 is a trigger unit 60 for generating plasma when a start signal is given, and a voltage pulse generator 50 shown in FIG.
An MC explosive generator 55 having a current amplifying function, an off switch 57 that is closed at a predetermined time when a current of a predetermined value or more flows, and an antenna 85 that radiates electromagnetic waves.
A control unit 70 for controlling an electric detonator 56 provided in the trigger unit 60 and the MC type explosive generator 55;
And a switch 80 for performing a start operation. As the antenna 85, for example, a monopole antenna or a biconical antenna may be used.

In this apparatus configuration, the components denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, here, the MC explosive generator 55 is used.
And only the off switch 57 will be described. Note that, with the change of the control operation, the control unit 70
May be changed as appropriate.

The off switch 57 is a switch that is normally closed but is opened at a predetermined time. For example, the off switch 57 may be configured using a fuse that cuts off when a current of a predetermined value or more flows.

The MC explosive generator 55 is a known device having a current amplifying function. The configuration and operation of the MC explosive generator 55 will be outlined with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. MC explosive generator 55
Has a liner filled with explosives 130 inside and a coil configured along the outer periphery of the liner,
Insulating gas is sealed in the gap between the coil and the liner.

For example, when the electric detonator 56 provided in the explosive 130 is detonated to explode the explosive 130, the liner sequentially expands and shorts the coil, so that the conductance of the coil is reduced. On the other hand, since the magnetic flux φ of the coil is kept constant (that is, φ (magnetic flux) = L (inductance) × I (current) = constant), the current is rapidly amplified. This is an outline of the configuration and operation of the MC explosive generator 55.

The operation of the electromagnetic wave generator according to the second embodiment will now be described. First, when the switch 80 is operated, the control unit 70 supplies an activation signal to the trigger unit 60.
When an activation signal is supplied to the trigger unit 60, the explosive explodes, generating a plasma of a rare gas such as argon gas, and enters the voltage pulse generator 50.

When the plasma enters the voltage pulse generator 50, as described above, the plasma is accelerated in the first electrode pair receiving the voltage supply, and the electromotive force is generated when the plasma exists in the second electrode pair. Is generated, and this electromotive force is applied to the MC-type explosive generator 55 via the second electrode pair. When the plasma reaches the gap position, the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair conduct. State, and the supply voltage from the external power supply becomes M via the second electrode pair.
Applied to the C-type explosive generator 55. That is, a high voltage pulse is obtained by the voltage pulse generator 50, and the current flowing by the high voltage pulse is supplied to the coil of the MC explosive generator 55.

Next, the control unit 70 performs an explosion start that gives a start signal to the electric detonator 56 at a preset timing. Note that this timing may be obtained in advance by an experiment, simulation, or the like. As a result, the electric detonator 56 is detonated, and the explosive 130 charged in the liner explodes to expand the liner. As described above, current amplification by the MC explosive generator 55 is performed.

Then, the fuse, which is the off switch 57, is cut off, and the current amplified by the MC explosive generator 55 is converted into a high voltage and then supplied to the antenna 85. The application of the sine wave voltage is equivalent to the application of the sine wave voltage, and an electromagnetic wave having a strong electric field intensity is radiated from the antenna 85.

By the above operation, it is possible to realize a device that gives a very high voltage pulse to the MC explosive generator and generates a high-output electromagnetic wave. In addition, since plasma is generated using explosives, high-speed plasma can be generated, and a very high voltage pulse can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to generate an electromagnetic wave having a higher electric field intensity.

The following is a calculation example. As an example of the radiated electric field intensity of the electromagnetic wave output from the electromagnetic wave generator of the second aspect, the antenna is a “biconical antenna, antenna gain 1.5 (dB), antenna length 2 (m)”, MC explosive generator Assuming that the output current of the antenna 55 is “1000 (kA)”, “1500 (m)” away from the antenna and “1500
(V / m) "(frequency of 2 to 20 (MHz)).

As an application example of these electromagnetic wave generating devices, first, it is conceivable to use these devices for evaluating the electromagnetic wave noise resistance of various electronic devices. Specifically, by irradiating an electromagnetic wave radiated from an antenna to a device to be evaluated and evaluating a damage state thereof, it is possible to evaluate electromagnetic noise resistance of various electronic devices.

It is also possible to use an electromagnetic wave radiated from these electromagnetic wave generators in a system that can detect the position of the device that radiated the electromagnetic wave by detecting the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna on the receiving base station side. According to such a usage mode, it is possible to notify the user's own location in a remote place such as on the sea or in a mountainous area.

As described above, various applications of these electromagnetic wave generators can be considered, and it is needless to say that what is described here is only a few examples. According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, a method and an apparatus for generating a high-output pulse that performs a stable operation with a simple configuration are realized. According to this, the strictness of manufacturing accuracy of the trigger circuit and the like as in the related art is not required, and the unstable switching operation of the gap switch can be eliminated.

Further, according to the electromagnetic wave generator including this device, it is possible to realize a device for generating a high-output electromagnetic wave. As explained above,
The voltage pulse generation method, the voltage pulse generation device, and the electromagnetic wave generation device of the present invention can be applied to various technical fields.

[0103]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the plasma traveling in the predetermined direction is accelerated in the traveling direction by traveling in the first electrode pair receiving the voltage. Then, an electromotive force is generated in the second electrode pair due to the progress of the plasma, and when the plasma reaches the gap position, the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction. Thus, the electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma and the voltage supplied to the third electrode pair can be extracted through the second electrode pair, so that a high-voltage pulse can be obtained. There is an effect that it can be.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the plasma traveling in the predetermined direction travels in the first electrode pair, the plasma is supplied with the magnetic field and the voltage by the magnetic field generating means, and the first plasma is supplied to the first electrode pair.
Is accelerated in the traveling direction by the action of the electric field generated by the pair of electrodes, and then, in the second pair of electrodes, an electromotive force is generated due to the progress of the plasma, and the plasma reaches the gap position At this time, by making the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair conductive, the electromotive force and the voltage supplied to the third electrode pair can be taken out. There is an effect that it can be obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the electromotive force generated in the first pair of electrodes is supplied to the load connected to the first pair of electrodes, and the plasma reaches the gap position. Occasionally, the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into conduction, and the voltage supplied to the second electrode pair is applied to the load, so that a high-energy voltage pulse can be supplied to the load. The effect is obtained.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the plasma proceeds in a predetermined direction, an electromotive force is generated by the action of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means, and this electromotive force is applied to the load. Further, when the plasma reaches the gap position, the first electrode pair and the second electrode pair are brought into conduction, and the voltage supplied to the second electrode pair is applied to the load, so that a high energy voltage is applied. Pulses can be supplied to the load.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the trigger section, which has received the start signal from the control section, supplies the plasma which proceeds in a predetermined direction to the voltage pulse generator, and supplies the plasma with the applied voltage. The pulse generator generates a high-output pulse voltage, oscillates and outputs a high-output electromagnetic wave to a high-frequency output unit of the magnetron, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated through an antenna, thereby realizing a device that generates a high-output electromagnetic wave. It becomes possible.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the trigger unit, which has received the start signal from the control unit, supplies the plasma which proceeds in a predetermined direction to the voltage pulse generator, and supplies the voltage to the voltage pulse generator. The pulse generator generates a high-output pulse voltage, and when the MC type explosive generator starts exploding, the voltage is further amplified and the switch is opened, so a device that can radiate high-output electromagnetic waves through the antenna is used. It can be realized.

In particular, according to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect of any of claims 5 and 6, in addition to the effect of
When the activation signal is supplied, the explosive explodes and plasma is generated. Therefore, high-speed plasma can be generated using the explosive, and a very high voltage pulse can be obtained. As a result, a high-efficiency, high-output pulse generator and a pulsed electromagnetic wave generator are realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a voltage pulse generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an effect of the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a voltage pulse generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an effect of the device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic wave generator according to a first embodiment, including a voltage pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration example of a trigger unit.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of an electromagnetic wave generator including a voltage pulse generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory view of an MC type explosive generator.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 6 Load 7a Electrode fixing member 7b Electrode fixing member 8 N pole permanent magnet 9 S pole permanent magnet 10a electrode 10b electrode 10c electrode 10d electrode 10e electrode 10f electrode 11a preceding electrode 11b former electrode 11c latter electrode 11d latter electrode 13a insulator 13b Reference Signs List 15a Magnet fixing member 15b Magnet fixing member 20 External power supply 25a Gap 25b Gap 26a Gap 26b Gap 50 Voltage pulse generator 52 Voltage pulse generator 55 MC explosive generator 56 Electric detonator 57 Off switch 60 Trigger unit 70 Control unit 80 Switch 85 Antenna 90 Magnetron 92 High-frequency output unit 93 Anode 94 Cathode 98 Waveguide 99 Horn antenna 95 First switch 96 Second switch 97 Battery 100 Electromagnetic wave generator 110 Storage container 115 Electricity Detonator 120 explosive 130 explosive 200 plasma generator 300 trigger circuit 310 amplifies the generator 320 off switch

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 44/08 H02M 9/00 H02N 3/00

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, comprising: a first electrode pair for generating an electric field by receiving a voltage; A second pair of electrodes capable of extracting at least the electromotive force generated due to the second pair of electrodes, and a third pair of electrodes arranged to be provided with a gap from the second pair of electrodes and receiving the supply of the voltage; Further, the gap is set so that the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction by the progress of the plasma, and a magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. A voltage is supplied to the first pair of electrodes to generate an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, thereby accelerating the plasma in the traveling direction. Electromotive force generated in the direction perpendicular to the direction Force and the supplied voltage,
A voltage pulse generation method, wherein the voltage pulse is extracted through the second electrode pair. 2. An apparatus for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, comprising: a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction; A first electrode pair for generating an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field in response to the supply of a voltage for acceleration; and a first electrode pair for generating an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field due to the progress of plasma. A second electrode pair capable of extracting at least the generated electromotive force, a third electrode pair arranged with a gap with the second electrode pair and receiving the supply of the voltage, the gap comprising a plasma A voltage pulse generator, which is set so that the second electrode pair and the third electrode pair are brought into conduction with the progress of. 3. A method for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, comprising: a first electrode pair capable of extracting at least an electromotive force generated due to the progress of plasma; Receiving the supply of voltage,
The first electrode pair and a second electrode pair provided with a gap are prepared, and the gap is set so that the two electrode pairs are brought into a conductive state by the progress of the plasma. A voltage pulse that generates a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction to extract an electromotive force generated due to the progress of the plasma and the supplied voltage through the first electrode pair. How it occurs. 4. An apparatus for generating a voltage pulse using plasma traveling in a predetermined traveling direction, comprising: a magnetic field generating means for generating a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction; At least an electromotive force generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.
And a second electrode pair that is disposed with a gap from the first electrode pair and receives a supply of voltage. The gap is formed between the first electrode pair and the first electrode pair by the progress of plasma. A voltage pulse generator configured to make the second electrode pair conductive. 5. A voltage pulse generator according to claim 2, further comprising: a trigger unit for generating plasma entering the voltage pulse generator when a start signal is supplied; and an anode and a cathode. A magnetron having a high-frequency output unit, an antenna for radiating electromagnetic waves output from the high-frequency output unit, and a closed state when a control signal is given, and applying an output voltage of the voltage pulse generator to the anode. And a second switch for applying a voltage from a heating voltage source to the cathode, and supplying a control signal to the second switch. And a control unit for supplying a start signal to the trigger unit and a control signal to the first switch. Magnetic wave generator. 6. The voltage pulse generator according to claim 2, wherein a trigger unit that generates a plasma that enters the voltage pulse generator when a start signal is supplied; and the voltage pulse generator. An MC explosive generator connected to the device; a switch connected to the MC explosive generator and opened at a predetermined time; and receiving supply of electric energy obtained from the MC explosive generator to generate electromagnetic waves. An antenna for radiating, and a control unit for supplying an activation signal to the trigger unit, and for starting an explosion of the MC explosive generator,
An electromagnetic wave generator including a voltage pulse generator. 7. The trigger unit according to claim 5, wherein the trigger unit stores an explosive and a gas that becomes plasma when the explosive explodes in a storage container, and when a start signal is supplied, An electromagnetic wave generator including a voltage pulse generator, wherein the explosive is configured to explode and generate plasma.