JP3223370B2 - Garbage fertilizer system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating garbage that is mainly incinerated at an incineration plant in household garbage and the like and a system for converting the garbage into a fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, many household wastes and the like discharged from households have been separately collected and disposed of in several types by a method designated by a local government. Above all, most of the raw vegetables, fruits, meats and other garbage are incinerated together with other combustible garbage as inflammables at incineration plants. These garbage are managed by local governments or entrusted to private collection companies and collected by dedicated garbage trucks. As the amount of garbage increases, the amount of incineration of garbage also increases year by year. One way to reduce garbage is to compost garbage personally in gardens and fields, etc. Stays.

[0003]

However, when recycling garbage as a resource, a method of fermenting and aging it to compost it and using it as an organic fertilizer is effective, but garbage is particularly concentrated and discharged. In an urban area with many condominiums, it is difficult to secure space to store in containers, and the fertilizer production efficiency is extremely low because fertilizer production is extremely slow due to slow maturation to completion and long-term management. Garbage and the like, which contain a large amount of water, easily rot and cause poor fermentation, and garbage and the like that does not turn into fertilizer disperses bad smells around as it is left. Also, even if incinerated, most of the garbage and the like are mostly water and the volume of the garbage is large, so it cannot be stored in a large amount in a garbage truck at one time, and the collection efficiency including other combustible materials Is extremely low, and the number of work rounds in the area is increased, and the maintenance cost of operation is increased. In addition, a large amount of water requires a large amount of heat for combustion, so that the combustion temperature in the incinerator is hard to rise and complete combustion is difficult, so that harmful combustion gas and unburned residue are liable to occur. Therefore, since the incineration is performed after reducing the water content of the garbage and the like by a drying facility or the like, there is a problem that an extra work process is required, the processing speed is slowed down, and a large capital investment is required. In addition, an increase in the amount of household waste incinerated has resulted in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere, which has been a problem of promoting global warming as an environmental problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and one object of the present invention is to provide a primary treatment step of separating water from garbage and solidifying the same, and a method of converting the separated solid content into a fertilizer. To provide a method of treating garbage, which can set a secondary treatment step to be converted into a solidified substance, and in particular, perform aerobic fermentation of the separated solids rapidly in the secondary treatment step to effectively turn the garbage into a fertilizer. It is. Another object of the present invention is to separate the water from the garbage to easily turn the solid garbage into a fertilizer so that a large amount can be collected at a time. At the same time, the amount of garbage to be collected is reduced and the number of collection operations is reduced. It is to provide a method of treating garbage. Still another object of the present invention is to reuse raw garbage as a resource and easily convert it into a fertilizer for effective use while separating water from the garbage to easily convert the solid garbage into a fertilizer. An object of the present invention is to provide a system for converting raw garbage into a fertilizer that can be collected in large quantities at a time, reduce the amount of refuse to be collected, and reduce the number of collection operations. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily converting a separated liquid component and a semi-dried granular solid product into a fertilizer without converting the garbage into wasted incineration garbage and reusing the garbage as an organic fertilizer for safe crops. To provide a garbage fertilizer system. Still another object of the present invention is to enable the recycling of garbage as a resource in living garbage, especially as a simple fertilizer for effective use, and to reduce the amount of garbage used for incineration, which is wasteful. An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage fertilizer system that is effective for environmental problems such as global warming by reducing carbon dioxide emitted as incinerated garbage.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, a garbage fertilizer system according to the present invention has a drain hole 12 and an opening / closing port 14, and inputs garbage together with the fermentation raw material K. A closed box device 16 which is fermented and ripened for several days to separate and discharge the liquid component W from the drain hole 12 to perform a primary treatment;
A secondary processing device 18 for secondary processing of the solid content T from which the liquid component W has been separated by the closed box device 16, the secondary processing device 18 comprising a hollow tank 20 erected on the vehicle M; 20, an input port 22 and an output port 24 provided in
Rotating blade 26 provided in tank 20 to be rotatable at low speed
The tank 20 of the secondary processing device 18 has an arc-shaped inner wall portion 30, and a ridge 32 is formed in the arc-shaped inner wall portion 30 in the circumferential direction so as to protrude therefrom. The tip is a concave portion 3 which is recessed correspondingly to the ridge 32 so as to be male and female.
4, the rotating blades 26 are provided so as to rotate in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped inner wall portion 30, and the ridges 32 of the arc-shaped inner wall portion 30 of the tank 20 are arranged at their orbital positions. The solid waste T taken out by the primary treatment is fed through the inlet 22 of the secondary treatment device 18 and the garbage is made into a fertilizer while the rotating blades 26 are rotated at a low speed and agitated. You.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described together with embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a garbage fertilizing system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is embodied. The fertilizer-making system 10 of the embodiment has a drain box 12 and an opening / closing port 14 and a closed box device 16 for primary processing of garbage.
And a secondary processing device 18 for secondary processing of a solid content obtained by separating a liquid component by the closed box device 16. The secondary processing device 18 comprises a hollow tank 20 and an inlet 22 provided in the tank. And a discharge port 24, and a rotating blade 26 provided in the tank so as to be rotatable at a low speed. The present system has a very simple configuration including a closed box device 16 basically including a closed box body 38 and the like and a secondary processing device 18 provided with a rotating blade mechanism that rotates at a low speed in a hollow tank. Garbage can be made into a fertilizer by a simple method, and solids T can be taken out by separating water from garbage G, and a garbage disposal cycle can be realized, and at the same time, this can be rapidly aerobic fermented to produce fertilizer. It can be realized in a practical way.

As a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of refuse to be incinerated, to prevent unauthorized disposal, etc., to maintain a good living environment, and to reduce the amount of fuel for incineration.
Reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emitted, thereby conserving the environment,
Concretely realize resource recycling through fertilization while reducing fuel costs.

[0008] The system 1 for making garbage fertilizer according to the present invention
In particular, 0 causes the closed box device 16 for performing the primary treatment and the secondary treatment device 18 for performing the secondary treatment to be held at each home, which is the collection route of the garbage G, and the garbage G collector, respectively. The above-mentioned points are realized very efficiently and effectively by sharing the secondary processing.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the closed box device 16 is installed in each home, the secondary processing device 18 is mounted on a recovery work vehicle 74, and the solid material T after the primary processing has been recovered is rapidly collected. The fertilizer is made into fertilizer, transferred to the large tank 76 for storage, or, if necessary, packed into a bag after collection so that it can be commercialized.

In the figure, a garbage fertilizer conversion system 10 according to an embodiment has a drainage hole 12 and an opening / closing port 14, in which garbage G is fed together with a fermentation raw material K and fermented and ripened for several days. A closed box device 16 is provided for separating and discharging the liquid component W from 12 and performing primary processing. 2 and 3, the closed box device 16 is formed as a double box structure in which an inner box 44 is accommodated in a closed box body 38 serving as an outer box.
The closing box body 38 is three-dimensionally formed in a hollow rectangular box shape as shown in the figure, and has an opening / closing opening 14 which can be freely opened / closed on an upper surface portion, and forms a space that can be accommodated therein. The opening / closing opening 14 of the closing box 38 is covered with a thin plate-like lid 15 having substantially the same size as the opening / closing box 38. By removing the lid 15, the inner box 44 housed in the accommodation space from the opening / closing opening 14 is removed. You can put it in and out. The lock device 39 is provided at several places on the cover body 15 and is fixed to the upper surface of the closed box body 38 so that the inside thereof is substantially closed so as not to easily fall off. Since the inside of the closed box body 38 cannot be seen from the outside, the closed box body 38 is installed in an appropriate place regardless of a place where each home is placed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom wall 4 of the
A plurality of drain holes 12 are drilled in 0. The size and number of the drain holes 12 may be such that the liquid component W separated from the garbage G to be accommodated in the inner box can quickly flow. As a result, the liquid component W exuding from the raw garbage G, such as fresh vegetables, fruits, meats, and the like put into the inner box 44, naturally flows down through the drain hole 12 and is discharged to the outside. A plurality of legs are provided on the bottom surface of the closed box body 38 so as to provide a space between the bottom wall 40 of the closed box body 38 and the ground, and a water receiving tray 41 is inserted into this space and installed. It can be easily collected without running down to the ground and reused as organic fertilizer. The hollow box shape of the closed box body 38 may be formed in a cubic shape, another polygonal tube shape, or another cylindrical shape, for example.

In the closed box 38, an inner box 44 is arranged so as to be taken out and stored by opening and closing the lid 15. A plurality of legs are also attached to the bottom surface side of the inner box 44, so that the bottom wall 46 of the inner box 44 is located at an upper position with a gap from the bottom wall 40 of the closed box body 38. I have. A plurality of communication holes 42 are also formed in the bottom wall 46 of the inner box 44. The inner box 44 is in the shape of a rectangular box with an open upper surface, is formed one size smaller than the closed box body 38, and is placed and housed inside the closed box body 38 to form the closed box device 16.

By forming a mesh-like opening in the side wall of the inner box 44, for example, the ventilation of the stored garbage G can be improved, fermentation can be promoted, and rot can be prevented. The inner box 44 can be freely taken out and stored simply by moving it up and down while holding the inner box 44 from the opening / closing port 14 of the closed box body 38 with the lid 15 removed. Since the communication hole 42 is perforated in the bottom wall 46 of the inner box 44, the liquid component W that permeates from the garbage G put into the inner box 44 flows down from the communication hole 42 and closes. It is discharged to the body 38 side. Inner box 4
The bottom wall 46 of No. 4 is located above the bottom wall 40 of the closed box body 38 with a gap, so that drainage is good, and the liquid component W contained in the garbage is separated and discharged in a short time to improve the fermentation state. And the solid content T of the garbage G is easily generated. As a result, the volume of garbage G in each household can be significantly reduced, the amount of garbage to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations by the work vehicle can be reduced.

By using the inner box 44, the operation of taking out the entire inner box 44 can be performed in a short time, and the garbage G and the fermentation raw material K are charged, and the solid content T which is primarily processed is filled. Replacing the inner box 44 with an empty inner box 44 can be easily performed. Thus, it is not necessary to dig the fermented contents by hand or to turn over and take out the closed box body 38 in a narrow place such as a veranda. For example, compared with a case where the garbage G is directly stored in the inside of the closed box 38, the processed material can be taken out and collected very easily without soiling the hands at all. Moreover, since the inner box 44 is separated from the bottom wall 40 by a gap, air flows through the gap to keep the bottom portion of the closed box body 38 which is apt to be wet in a good dry state. If the inner box 44 and the closed box body 38 are formed of, for example, a hard synthetic resin, there is no deterioration or rust, so that the inner box 44 and the closed box body 38 have high durability.
Even if the watery garbage G is rotten, the main body does not corrode and can be used for a long time.

The inner box 4 placed in the closed box 38
The garbage G is put into the container 4 together with the fermentation raw material K, stirred, mixed well, and the lid 15 is covered. If left in this state, for example, for about two weeks, the garbage G mixed with the fermentation raw material K is fermented and matured, and the liquid W separated and exuded from the garbage G flows down from the drain hole 12. Is discharged. During the fermentation ripening of the garbage G, the liquid component W is separated and discharged to perform a primary treatment step 70 in which the garbage G is fermented to a certain extent and brought into a semi-dry state suitable for fertilization. As a result of the primary treatment, the moisture contained in the garbage G is appropriately reduced, and a solid content T transformed into lumps is generated.

The garbage fertilizer system 10 is provided with a secondary treatment device 18 for subjecting the solid content T of the garbage from the liquid W to a secondary treatment in the closed box device 16. 4 and 5, the secondary processing device 18 has a hollow tank 20 erected on the vehicle M.
For example, a tank 20 formed in a hollow rectangular box shape is mounted and fixed on a chassis 48 of a transport truck. The inside of the tank 20 is a hollow having substantially the same shape as the outer shape, and a large amount of the solid content T of the garbage that has been subjected to the primary treatment in each household can be stored therein. Accordingly, the vehicle M having the tank 20 that can be accommodated therein can be freely moved as the collection work vehicle 74, and one can cover the collection in a wide area, and the primary garbage in each household can be covered. Solid content T can be recovered in a wide range and in a large amount. Also,
The tank 20 has a simple box shape, is easy to form, and maintains the production cost at a low cost. The material is preferably formed of a material having high corrosion resistance such as stainless steel.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, an inlet 22 is provided on the rear side of the vehicle M and in the upper part of the back of the tank 20, and the solid content of the garbage G which is firstly treated in each household while traveling round the area. T is supplied into the tank 20. The charging port 22 is provided at an upper position on the back surface of the tank 20, and smoothly moves the first-treated solid matter T to be charged by slanting the duct portion obliquely downward into the tank 20.

4, 5, and 6, the rear wall 21 of the tank is shown.
b moves forward and backward toward the input port 22;
There is provided a bucket device 28 for inverting and injecting the solid content T of the garbage that has been subjected to the primary treatment into the tank 20 from above. With this bucket device 28, the inner box 44 containing the solids T of garbage can be thrown into the duct portion of the high throwing port 22 at the upper end position of the tank 20 without holding it from the ground. In the embodiment, the vertically long column frames 50, 50 are provided on the chassis 48 so as to stand upright and parallel to the rear side of the tank M, that is, on the rear side of the tank 20, that is, on the rear wall with a space slightly larger than the width of the insertion port 22 at right and left sides. Attached to. And
A horizontal frame 52 is provided by connecting the upper ends thereof.
The pulleys 54, 54 are locked at the center. A wire 55 is passed through the pulley 54, and a box-shaped bucket 56 is suspended from one end of the wire.
Can be moved up and down. The other end of the wire 55 for suspending the bucket 56 is attached to a winch 57 installed on the chassis 48 so as to be windable.

The bucket 56 is a rectangular box formed about the width of the charging port 22 and having an open top, into which solids T of garbage that has been subjected to primary treatment in each household are charged. Support shafts 58, 58 project from both sides of the bucket 56 in front of each other, and both ends of a bifurcated U-shaped hanging frame 60 are supported by both support shafts 5.
8, 58 are pivotably connected. One end of a wire 55 is locked at the center of the suspension frame, whereby the bucket 56 is suspended vertically. The support shaft 58 of the bucket 56 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
It is provided so as to be rotatable around the axis of. And
By raising the bucket 56 along the support frame 50 and inverting it toward the front of the vehicle, that is, toward the input port 22, the solids T of the stored garbage can be dangerous and the input port 22 of the tank 20 can be replaced without relying on complicated manual operations. It is thrown into. This allows the operator to easily and safely carry out the primary treatment, perform fermentation and decompose to some extent, and change into chunks without performing the operation of raising the inner box 44 of the closed box device 16 high and turning it over in the tank. The remaining solid waste T can be thrown into the tank 20 without soiling the hands.

As described above, the support frame 5 of the bucket device 28
0 is a height higher than the input port 22 at the upper position of the tank 20 from a position slightly lower than the undercarriage 48 of the vehicle M, and the height at which the suspended solid 56 can be inverted and the solid content T of garbage can be input into the input port 22. It is provided vertically. The support frame 50 is formed in an E-shape in cross section, and has two rail grooves 51a and 51b formed therein which are vertically parallel to each other, and are spaced apart from each other so that the opening faces of the rail grooves face each other. It is erected. The front, that is, the rail groove 51a closer to the tank 20 is from the lower end position of the inlet 22 of the tank 20 to the lower end of the support frame, and the rail groove 51b closer to the rear is
It is formed from a position slightly lower than the upper surface to the lower end of the support frame 50. A reversing guide portion that is open upward in a trumpet shape is formed at the upper end side of the rail groove 51b from the rear, and guides a stable reversing operation when the bucket is reversed. The rail groove 51a is fixed to the front side of the bucket 56,
The leading ends of the sliding guide rods 62 projecting from both sides project in a floating manner, whereby the bucket 56 moves up and down along the rail grooves. The support frame 50 stably guides the up and down movement of the bucket 56 and is raised to reach the upper end side.
Invert the bucket to 2. The configurations of the support frame 50 and the bucket 56 of the bucket device 28 are not limited to the present embodiment.

On the other hand, on the bottom surface of the bucket 56, detaching guide rods 62b are fixed so as to project from both sides, that is, to the column frame 50 side.
Floats into b. When the sliding guide rod 62a of the bucket 56 rises to the lower end position of the slot 22, the stopper 56 hits a stopper (not shown) on the upper end side of the rail groove 51a and stops.
1b, the upper surface opening side is inverted toward the inlet 22 while being guided by the inversion guide portion 53. Therefore, the bucket 56 rotates around the bottom surface side with the sliding guide rod 62a stopped at the stopper portion as a rotation axis to perform a reversing operation of the bucket toward the front side, that is, toward the insertion port 22, and substantially reverse upside down. The solid content T of the garbage stored in the bucket 56 is charged into the tank 20.

As shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 9, the secondary processing device 1
The tank 20 of No. 8 has an arc-shaped bottom inner wall portion 30. In the embodiment, the inner wall portion 30 is formed as a substantially semi-cylindrical bottom wall having a diameter in the width direction of the tank 20. The inner wall portion 30 has a U-shaped structure having the lowest central portion, and the solid content T of the garbage stored in the tank 20 is agitated while dropping so as to naturally gather at the center. Further, the bottom wall of the tank 20 is provided to be inclined downward from the input port 22 toward the depth side, and the solid content T of the garbage to be input into the tank 20 from the input port 22 is obliquely lowered to the lower depth side. That is, the vehicle naturally moves to the forward side of the vehicle. Thereby, the solids T of the garbage can be effectively sent to the depth side in the secondary treatment step 72, and the solids T can be prevented from being deposited on the bottom wall surface. The tank 20 itself has a simple box shape that is easy to manufacture, can be mass-produced, and keeps manufacturing costs low.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a plurality of ridges 32 are formed on the arc-shaped inner wall portion 30 in the circumferential direction. In the embodiment, the ridges 32 are formed in an arc shape. It is formed in the shape of a rib having a rectangular cross section that circulates along the inner wall portion 30. The projections 32 cooperate with the rotating blades 26 described later to pulverize the solids T of the garbage and the lump of undecomposed garbage G, which are put into the tank 20, into small pieces. The lump left in the primary treatment of the garbage G is crushed into small pieces to make it uniform, and the whole is uniformly and rapidly fermented and matured in the secondary treatment step 72 to produce fertilizers of stable quality. The protruding ridges 32 are arc-shaped inner wall portions 30 and are preferably provided at orbital positions of the rotating blades 26 so that the rotating blades can be slid in a male and female manner with the concave portions 34 provided on the one rotating blade 26. It is. The form of the ridge 32 is not limited to the present embodiment, and the ridge shape and the number of ridges may be arbitrarily configured.

A discharge port 2 is provided on one side of the depth end of the tank 20.
4 are provided. The solid matter T after the primary treatment introduced from the introduction port 22 is mixed while being stirred by the low-speed rotating blades, rapidly fermented and ripened, and becomes a semi-dry granular solid treated material U as it proceeds to the depth side in the tank 20. . The solid processed material U is discharged from the discharge port 24. In this embodiment, the discharge port 2 is formed in a rectangular shape in the front side of the tank 20 and at the lower part of the side face.
4 is formed with an opening, and is covered by a freely openable and closable door 25 that is bent corresponding to the semi-cylindrical bottom wall of the tank 20. At any time, the opening is sealed and closed by metal fittings or the like (not shown), and the solid processed material that has been subjected to the secondary processing is accommodated in the tank 20. When the contents are discharged to the outside, the door 25 is opened and discharged from the discharge port 24. I do. The form of the cover is not limited to the door 25, and may be, for example, a slide-type open / close or a round cap that is screwed and locked to open / close. The semi-dry granular solid processed material U which is fed into the tank 20 through the outlet 24, fermented and aged, and secondarily processed
Can be easily discharged to the outside to produce organic fertilizer, and the unloading and distribution work is extremely simple.

A rotating blade 26 is provided in the tank 20 so as to be rotatable at a low speed. The rotating blades 26 are provided so as to be rotatable around the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped inner wall 30, that is, about the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. In the embodiment, in the traveling direction of the vehicle M in the tank 20 and the tank 2
A rotation shaft 64 is rotatably mounted on both side walls 21a and 21b in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 0, and the rotation shaft 64 is rotationally driven by, for example, a hydraulic drive device 66 installed on the chassis 48 on the front side of the tank 20. I have. The rotating blade 26 has a rotating shaft 6
4, the inlet 22 side and the central portion of the tank 20 and the outlet 24.
Two sets are attached and fixed to three places on the side.

In this embodiment, three blade rods 27 are radially divided into three equal parts with the rotation axis 64 as the center axis, and in one set, the three blade rods 27 are protruded from the rotation axis 64 so as to shift the phase angle by 60 degrees. , And a stirring blade 68 in the shape of a rectangular plate is attached to the tip of the space 27 between the blades to constitute the rotating blade 26. In the embodiment, the blade rod 27 is made of, for example, a pipe material. Then, by rotating the rotating shaft 64, the solids T of the garbage thrown into the tank 20 can be stirred by the stirring blade 68 such that the solids T are scraped up from the bottom. The blade rod 27 is provided with a detachable connection portion at an intermediate position thereof, so that only the stirring blade 68 can be removed and replaced at the time of maintenance inspection or breakage. The blade rods 27 may be arranged spirally, for example, and the number and arrangement of the blade rods are not limited to the present embodiment.

In FIGS. 10, 11 and 12, the rotary blade 2
6 has one or a plurality of concave portions 34 which are concavely formed so as to be male and female on the ridges 32 of the arc-shaped inner wall portion of the tank. In the embodiment, the concave portion 34 is formed by forming a cutout portion on the side in contact with the inner wall portion 30 side of the rectangular plate-shaped stirring blade 68. The stirring blade 68 is detachably attached to the tip of the blade rod 27 by a bolt or the like and can be easily replaced. For example, the stirring blade 68 is simply formed by cutting a flat steel plate, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. The configuration of the rotary blade 26 is not limited to the present embodiment, and the shape of the stirring blade 68 may be arbitrarily formed.

The ridges 32 on the inner wall 30 of the tank 20 described above.
Are arranged and formed at orbital positions of the rotating blades 26 rotating in the circumferential direction. The ridges 32 move around the stirring blade 6.
8 are formed so as to be sandwiched while forming a narrow gap with the concave portion 34. The solids T of the garbage to be stirred are introduced into the gap, and a process of grinding the garbage when the rotating blades 26 move around is performed to crush the solids T of the garbage to a small size.

In the embodiment, the garbage solids T after the primary treatment, which are introduced by the cooperation of the agitating blades 68, which are the tip portions of the orbiting rotating blades 26, and the inner wall portion 30 of the tank, are stepwise. It has the function of pulverizing into fine particles. As shown in FIG. 10, the rotary blade 26a on the side of the charging port 22 provided in the tank 20 mainly has a function of advancing the solid content T. Since the stirring blade 68 is attached at a twist angle around the blade rod 27 attached to the rotating shaft 64, the wide and long rectangular plate-shaped stirring blade 68 is provided.
“a” is a slanted surface with the depth side lowered and inclined. As a result, the solids T of the garbage thrown into the tank 20 while being repeatedly stirred and repeatedly picked up by the inclined surfaces of the plurality of stirring blades 68 orbiting in the tank 20 and successively dropped therein, Sent out to the side.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a rotary blade 26b at the center provided in the tank 20 is provided with a function of crushing solids T of garbage. For example, the solid content T of the primary-treated garbage contains a lump of unfermented portion in which the shape of the garbage G is not broken down, and it is necessary to pulverize this finely in order to make the fermentation uniform. . Therefore, the wide rectangular plate-like stirring blade 68b orbiting and the arc-shaped inner wall 3
By setting the gap to 0 smaller, the solid can be crushed into small pieces so that the solid T of the garbage to be stirred is introduced into the gap and crushed, and the size of the solid T to be secondarily treated is reduced. Can be reduced. In addition, since the stirring blade 68 is attached with a twist angle about the blade rod 27, the stirring blade 68 is advanced to the depth side of the tank 20.

Then, as shown in FIG.
The rotating blade 26 on the side of the discharge port 24 provided in the inside 0 places importance on the stirring function. That is, the narrower and longer rectangular plate-like stirring blade 68c is set to have a relatively large gap with the arc-shaped inner wall portion 30, and is widely scraped and mixed so that the entire solid content T is evenly and uniformly. The quality can be made uniform by stirring.
As a collection vehicle, the collected solids T can be agitated while collecting and moving time while collecting and moving the solids T of the primary garbage from each household in the area. Therefore, fermentation and aging can be promptly promoted in the tank 20 and secondary-processed as a semi-dry granular solid processed material U to be fertilized in a short time.

A garbage fertilizer system 10 according to the present invention.
Converts the solid content T of the primary garbage into the secondary treatment equipment 18
, And the rotating blades 26 are rotated at a low speed and agitated while being turned into a fertilizer as a solid processed material U which has been subjected to a secondary treatment. In other words, the rotating blades 26 rotatably provided in the tank 20 are agitated while being slowly rotated, and the primary-processed solids T introduced into the tank 20 are rapidly aerobic fermented to be fertilized in a short time. . In other words, the primary processing step is performed in advance by disposing the closed box device 38 in each household, so that the primary processing solids T generated by removing the water obtained by fermenting the garbage G are fermented to some extent in the secondary processing step. The secondary treatment is performed by promoting rapid aerobic fermentation over the entire solid content T that has decomposed and changed into lumps, thereby producing a solid processed product U and turning it into a fertilizer.
It is possible to realize the fertilization of the garbage G by these extremely simple steps, and it is possible to process the fermentation and maturation in the final stage of the fertilization quickly and in large quantities and supply it as an organic fertilizer at low cost.

The garbage fertilizer system 10 of the present invention comprises:
It is not limited to only the configuration of the embodiment described above,
For example, instead of installing a box-shaped closed box in each household for the primary processing of garbage, set up a storage facility at a designated place in the area, collect garbage and collectively manage the primary processing step. Is also good. The closed room in the secondary treatment process is not limited to the tank 20 mounted on the work vehicle. For example, the closed room is fixedly installed in a certain area, or mounted on a movable trolley or the like to collect while moving in a plurality of areas. May be subjected to secondary processing. Also, a rectangular box-shaped closed box 1 for performing primary processing
Instead of using 6, for example, a drainage hole 12 may be formed in the bottom of a general synthetic resin round bucket or the like, and garbage may be charged into the hole for fermentation. The tank 20 of the secondary processing device 18 is provided with a tank 2 for a vehicle M such as a self-propelled truck.
Instead of erection 0, for example, it may be configured to be mounted on a movable trolley or the like and tow and collect while moving.

Next, a method of treating garbage will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12. The same components and components as those of the above-described embodiment of the garbage fertilizing system are denoted by the same reference numerals. Detailed description is omitted. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a method for treating garbage according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a fermentation raw material K is produced together with a fermentation raw material K in a closed box device 16 having a drain hole 12 and an opening 14. Waste G is to be introduced. The closed box device 16 includes a closed box body 38.
And an inner box 44 accommodated in the inside thereof in a double box shape. The closed box device 16 is installed at an arbitrary position in each home, for example. The opening / closing opening 14 on the upper surface of the closed box 38 is covered with a thin plate-shaped lid 15 so that it is almost closed.

A plurality of drain holes 12 are formed in the bottom surface of the closed box 38. The drain holes 12 are extruded from the inside of the closed box 38, such as raw vegetables, fruits, meats and other garbage G, and formed on the inner bottom. The remaining liquid W is separated and discharged to the outside so as to naturally flow down through the drainage hole 12. This liquid component W is easily collected without dripping by placing a saucer 41 or the like below the bottom surface, and can be used as an organic fertilizer for crops. The closed box device 16 can be installed in a narrow place, for example, on a veranda or the like, and the degree of freedom in the place where fertilization is performed is extremely high. The closed box body 38 is preferably made of a hard synthetic resin and is highly resistant to corrosion. The shape of the closed box body is not limited to a hollow rectangular box, but may be a cube or a tube.

Then, the garbage G is put into the closed box 38 together with the fermentation raw material K, mixed well so as to contain air therein, and the opening 14 is covered with the lid 15. The fermentation raw material K is made, for example, by mixing organic sludge by dehydration and drying with cow dung or the like to form a powder. If left as it is, while the garbage G mixed with the fermentation raw material K is fermented and aged for several days, the excess liquid W oozing out of the garbage G flows down from the drain hole 12 and is separated and discharged, The remaining solids T that have been fermented by separating the water from the fermentation are produced. Therefore, the volume of garbage G in each home can be significantly reduced, the amount of garbage to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations can be reduced. In this way, during the fermentation and ripening of the garbage G in the closed box 38, the liquid W
The primary treatment step 7 is to reduce the volume of the garbage G by half by separating and discharging the garbage G, and to make the semi-dry state suitable for fermentation.
It is set to 0. Moreover, the amount of garbage used for incineration is reduced, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted is reduced, which is effective for environmental problems such as global warming.

As a result, the solid content T of the primary processing step 70 in which water contained in the garbage is reduced and changed into lumps is generated, and rapid aerobic fermentation is promoted in the secondary processing step 72 described below. It is. The solid content T of the primary treatment step 70 is charged into the closed chamber 19 provided with the rotating blades 26 that rotate at a low speed, and is stirred and further fermented and ripened. The solid content T after the primary treatment step 70 is stirred by the low-speed rotating blades 26, whereby rapid aerobic fermentation is promoted throughout the solid content T which has been decomposed to some extent and changed into lumpy pieces, and the fertilizer is quickly And a large amount of garbage G can be processed in a short time. The step of generating the semi-dry granular solid processed material U from the solid content T in the primary processing step 70 in this manner is referred to as a secondary processing step 72. In this way, the garbage G can be made into a fertilizer by a very simple process,
The final stage of fertilization can be processed quickly and in large quantities.

Further, in the embodiment, the closed chamber 19 is formed in a rectangular box-shaped tank 20, and an inlet 22 is provided in an upper surface portion. It is sufficient that the solid content T after the primary treatment step 70 is stored in a substantially hermetically sealed state and the contents can be efficiently and uniformly stirred, and can be freely installed in an appropriate place. For example, the rotating blades 26 rotating at a low speed
, It becomes possible to collect the solids T that have been subjected to the primary treatment in each household in a wide range and in a large amount, and to turn them into fertilizers in a short time. Further, the closed chamber 19 may be installed at one place in the area, and is not limited to the rectangular box-shaped tank 20, but may be arbitrarily formed in size and shape. As the material, for example, a stainless steel material which is resistant to corrosion is preferable, and since it does not easily rust, it is durable and can be used for a long time.

The closed chamber 19 is a tank 20 mounted on a work vehicle 74, and is a movable recovery vehicle mounted on the work vehicle 74, for example, a chassis 48 such as a transport truck in FIG. That is, in addition to using the closed room 19 alone, the region can be freely moved by self-propelled movement, and the degree of freedom of installing the closed room 19 which is also a collection vehicle is extremely high. As a result, the work vehicle 74 equipped with the tank 20 can be directly moved to each household as a collection vehicle to collect the solid content T after the primary treatment step, and the movable collection vehicle equipped with the tank 20 can be used as a primary vehicle in each household. A large amount of treated solids T can be collected over a wide area, the volume of garbage G in each household can be significantly reduced, the amount of waste in the entire area to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations can be reduced. can do. It is possible to efficiently collect a wide area with a single collection vehicle, reduce the number of collection vehicles themselves and save maintenance costs, for example, it is possible to reduce the financial burden of operating local governments is there.

The semi-dry granular solid product U generated by secondary treatment of the garbage G by the movable collection vehicle is transported by the collection vehicle by itself to a fertilizer storage facility and the like, and can be closed. It may be stored in a large amount in a tank or the like. This large tank is provided with, for example, a rotary blade 26 for stirring the contents at a low speed similarly to the closed chamber 19, and the semi-dry granular solid processed material U generated by the secondary processing can be completely fertilized.
At this time, by adjusting the moisture and fertilizer components, etc.,
The final stage treatment is performed while the components are being adjusted by stirring with the rotating blades 26 to produce a fertilizer, which can be supplied as high-quality organic fertilizer to related farmers and the like. Since the fermentation and aging are performed to some extent using the time that the collection vehicle moves, the time required for the secondary treatment step 72 is substantially greatly reduced, and the period from the garbage G to the fertilizer is extremely short. Secondary treatment process 7
As a result, the fertilizer can be easily recovered as the solid processed material U fermented in Step 2, and the realization of fertilizer can be realized in a short time, and it has become possible to produce high-quality organic fertilizer at low cost.

[0041]

As described above, according to the method of treating garbage according to the present invention, garbage is fed together with fermentation raw materials into a closed box device having a drain hole and an opening and closing port, and fermented for several days. A primary treatment step of separating and discharging a liquid component from the drain hole while the solid content of the primary treatment step is put into a closed chamber equipped with rotating blades rotating at a low speed to produce a semi-dry granular solid treated product. Since the primary processing step, raw vegetables, fruits, meat and other garbage are fermented and matured in a closed box in the primary processing step, and the remaining solids that have been fermented and separated by the fermentation are removed. As a result of stirring with the rotating blades at low speed in the treatment process, rapid aerobic fermentation is promoted throughout the solid matter decomposed to some extent and changed into lumps, and therefore, garbage can be made into fertilizer in an extremely simple process. With Country, it is possible to process rapidly and a large amount of processing of the final stages of composting. Therefore, for example, the primary processing step is performed in each household in advance, and a collection vehicle equipped with low-speed rotating blades is configured, so that the primary-processed solids in each household can be recovered in a wide range and in a large amount in a short time. Can be turned into fertilizer. Therefore,
The volume of garbage in each household can be significantly reduced, the amount of garbage to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations can be reduced. In addition, the amount of garbage used for incineration is reduced and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted is reduced, which is effective for environmental problems such as global warming. Separated liquid components and semi-dry granular solid products are used for safe crops. Can be reused as organic fertilizer.

Further, since the closed chamber is a hollow tank mounted on the work vehicle, the work vehicle equipped with the tank for storing the primary-processed garbage can be directly moved to each household and solid-processed in the primary processing step. Can collect large amounts of solids that have undergone primary treatment in each household over a wide range and in large quantities, and can significantly reduce the volume of garbage in each household. In addition, the amount of waste to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations can be reduced. In addition, the solid content of the garbage that has been fermented to some extent in the primary processing step accommodated in the tank is further fermented and ripened while slowly stirring with a rotating blade during the movement of the recovery work, and this solid content is rotated at a low speed in the secondary processing step. As a result of stirring with the blades,
Rapid aerobic fermentation can be promoted over the whole solids degraded to some extent by fermentation and decomposed into flakes, and the time required for the secondary processing step of producing a semi-dry granular solid processed product can be shortened. Therefore,
A large amount of garbage that had been incinerated can be easily recovered as solids fermented in the secondary treatment process, realizing the realization of fertilizer in a short time, and producing low-cost, high-quality organic fertilizer. It becomes possible to supply. In addition, it is possible to efficiently collect a wide area with a single collection vehicle, reduce the number of collection vehicles themselves and save maintenance costs, for example, to reduce the financial burden of operating local governments. It is possible.

Further, according to the garbage fertilizer system of the present invention, the garbage is provided with a drain hole and an opening / closing port, and the garbage is fed together with the fermentation raw material, fermented and ripened for several days, and a liquid component is separated from the drain hole. A closed box device that discharges and performs primary processing, and a secondary processing device that performs secondary processing of the solid content separated from the liquid component by the closed box device, and the secondary processing device is a hollow A secondary processing device having a tank, an inlet and an outlet provided in the tank, and rotating blades rotatably provided in the tank so as to be rotatable at a low speed; Since it is made into fertilizer while rotating and stirring the rotating blades at low speed, the primary processing step of removing the fermented water from the garbage and generating the primary processing solid content is performed, for example, in a closed box Place your body in each home and By doing so, rapid aerobic fermentation is promoted throughout the solid matter that has been decomposed to some extent and changed into chunks, and therefore, garbage can be made into a fertilizer by an extremely simple process, and in particular, The final stage of fermentation and aging can be processed quickly and in large quantities and supplied at low cost as organic fertilizer. A free-running collection vehicle with a tank mounted on the vehicle can cover a wide area with a single vehicle.Primary processed solids in each household can be collected over a wide area and into the tank while collecting large amounts. The solid content of the primary treatment is stirred by the rotating blades and the semi-dry granular treated material is easily generated while using the time to move during the collection work, and the secondary treatment of the final stage is completed in a short time, and fertilizer Can be realized. Therefore, the volume of garbage in each household can be significantly reduced, the amount of garbage to be collected can be reduced, and the number of collection operations can be reduced. In addition, the amount of garbage used for incineration is reduced and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted is reduced, which is effective for environmental problems such as global warming. Separated liquid components and semi-dry granular solid products are used for safe crops. Can be reused as organic fertilizer.

Further, a bucket device is provided which moves forward and backward toward the charging port of the tank of the secondary processing apparatus, and inverts and solidifies the primary processed solid into the tank from the charging port. The solids which have been treated and decomposed to a certain extent by fermentation and degraded into chunks can be easily introduced without leaving their hands dirty. In addition, even a worker without physical strength can easily and safely perform a dangerous recovery operation involving an effort to lift the closed box device containing the primary processed solid content, lift it upside down, and turn it over.

Further, the tank of the secondary processing apparatus has an arc-shaped inner wall portion, and a ridge is formed on the arc-shaped inner wall portion in a circumferential direction, and the tip of the rotary blade corresponds to the ridge. The rotating blade is provided so as to rotate in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped inner wall portion, and the ridge of the arc-shaped inner wall portion of the tank is arranged at the position of the orbit. By rubbing the tip of the rotating blade against the arc-shaped inner wall of the tank and rotating it, it stirs to lift up the primary processed solids that are put into the tank, and coarse lumps that are prone to poor fermentation in garbage By dipping the gap between the concave part of the rotating blade and the ridge, a semi-dry granular processing material is uniformly cut while finely scraping, and the final stage of fertilization of the entire solid content stored in one place High quality fertilizer in a short time by uniform fermentation It can be produced in large quantities.

The bottom wall of the tank is provided so as to be inclined downward from the charging port side to the depth side, and a discharge port for semi-dry granular processed material is provided at the depth end side of the tank. The primary processed solids are stored in the tank while being fermented and aged while being agitated by the rotating blades and gradually moving laterally so that the solids are gradually collapsed by natural gravity while being stirred by the rotating blades. Aside
After the completion of the recovery operation, the product can be taken out from the outlet as a semi-dried granular product that has been fermented and aged to some extent.

Further, the closing box device has a closing box body having a plurality of drain holes in the bottom wall, and is disposed so as to be taken out and stored in the closing box body so that the bottom side is located at an upper position with a gap from the bottom wall. And an inner box having a plurality of communication holes in the bottom wall, the closing box device separates the inner box containing the garbage from the closing box body with a gap. Therefore, the accumulated liquid is discharged from the communication hole of the inner box through the drain hole of the closed box, and the liquid is reliably separated from the garbage, so that the solid is easily formed. The inner box for storing garbage is housed in a closed box inside a closed box, so the inside is not visible from the outside, so it can be placed anywhere, and even if there is a rotting part, there is a peculiar odor. It does not spread around. In addition, by putting garbage into the inner box that can be taken out and stored in the closed box, storage in the closed box is extremely simple, and the work can be performed without soiling the hands.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration and operation explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a method for processing garbage and a system for converting garbage into fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view, partially cut away, of a closed box of the garbage fertilizer system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing an entire configuration of a work vehicle equipped with a secondary treatment device of the garbage fertilization system.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the work vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional action explanatory view showing a configuration of a bucket device of a work vehicle equipped with a secondary treatment device of the garbage fertilizer system.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 3;

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view in which a part of the rotary blade is enlarged.

FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view in which a part of the rotary blade is enlarged.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view in which a part of the rotary blade is enlarged.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 10 Garbage fertilizer system 12 Drainage hole 14 Opening / closing port 16 Closed box device 18 Secondary treatment device 20 Tank 22 Input port 24 Discharge port 26 Rotating blade 28 Bucket device 30 Inner wall portion 32 Ridge 34 Depression 38 Closed box 40 Bottom wall 42 Communication hole 44 Inner box G Garbage K Fermentation raw material W Liquid content T Solid content U Solid processed material M Vehicle

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI C05F 9/00 B09B 3/00 ZAB (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05F 9/02 B01F 7/02 B01F 7 / 04 B09B 3/00 ZAB B65F 3/04 C05F 9/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A closed box device having a drainage hole and an opening / closing opening, in which garbage is charged together with fermentation raw materials, fermented and ripened for several days, liquid components are separated and discharged from the drainage hole, and a primary treatment is performed. A secondary processing device for performing a secondary processing of a solid content obtained by separating a liquid component by the device, wherein the secondary processing device includes a hollow tank installed in a vehicle, and an inlet and an outlet provided in the tank. And a rotating blade provided in the tank so as to be rotatable at a low speed. The tank of the secondary treatment device has an arc-shaped inner wall portion, and a ridge is formed on the arc-shaped inner wall portion in a circumferential direction. The tip of the rotating blade is formed so as to protrude, and has a concave portion which is concavely formed so as to be male and female on the ridge. A ridge on the arcuate inner wall of the tank is placed at the orbital position, Garbage composting system, characterized in that the solids extracted by the following process was charged from the input port of the secondary processor, to fertilizer while stirring the rotating blade rotating at low speed.