JP3226059B2 - Linear guide bearing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a linear guide bearing applicable to a large-sized ultra-precision machining machine or an ultra-precision measuring instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A linear motion guide bearing for infinitely circulating roller rollers is one of the important mechanical elements that greatly affect the functions and positioning accuracy of numerically controlled machine tools, automatic control devices and the like. An example is shown in FIG. This linear motion guide bearing 1
It is substantially constituted by a single row of roller rollers 2, a main body 3 supporting the negative body through the roller rollers 2, and a roller roller turning portion 4 for turning the roller rollers 2 between the load regions at both ends of the main body 3. . In such a linear guide bearing 1,
In order to prevent skew inclining with respect to the rotation axis, the width of the roller roller 2 is set to be approximately the same as the diameter, and both end faces are crowned. The end of the roller roller 2 is chamfered largely, and the chamfered portion e is suppressed to prevent the roller roller 2 from falling off (see FIG. 8).

[0003]

However, in the above structure, the load applied to the contact surface of the roller roller 2 is unevenly distributed depending on the position and direction of the load (see FIG. 9). In this case, the difference in the load applied to the roller roller 2 is
A at the left and right ends of This load, that is, a skew occurs due to the difference between the loads, the frictional force increases, and the sliding becomes heavy. As described above, the skew is considered to occur due to the surface condition of each contact point between the roller roller 2 and the guide surface, the state of the load distribution at this point, and the like. It is important to process as smoothly and uniformly as possible, but as described above, the load distribution changes depending on each use condition, and no matter how good the processing technique is, it will not solve the problem. Also, each time the roller roller 2 moves in and out of the load region L from the no-load region F (see FIG. 10), the roller roller 2 vibrates slightly (with an amplitude of about 1 micron). This vibration occurs because the roller rollers 2 are arranged substantially in contact with each other.
Each time the roller roller 2 passes through the point K, it is generated at the pitch of the diameter of the roller roller 2, and its amplitude increases in proportion to the load of the roller, which is problematic. An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a bearing body and a plurality of roller members arranged in a track formed in a roller member turning portion at both ends of the bearing body. In a linear motion guide bearing that circulates these roller members endlessly in a track, a plurality of roller members are arranged in the same track, and these roller members are
, Each row is configured to be freely and independently movable
Characterized in that was. In the above configuration, the roller body is exposed from the bottom plate by assembling and configuring the bearing body, the bottom plate, the side plate, and the upper lid, and the chamfered portion formed on the end face of the roller member is held in contact with the bottom plate. It can be configured. Further, the roller members arranged in a plurality of rows contact the bottom plate with the chamfered portion formed on the end surface of the roller member, while the roller members having the chamfered end surfaces abutted against each other are formed by the chamfered portions. And can be held by a thin line extending along the row. Further, a concave portion is provided in the central portion of the roller member arranged in a plurality of rows, a groove is provided on each of the bearing body and the side plate along a movement path of the concave portion of the roller member, and a spherical body is loaded, and the roller member is mounted. It can be configured to hold.

[0005]

The width of the roller member is smaller than the diameter of the roller member, and the load applied to the plurality of rows of roller members on the track is divided into the roller members of each row, thereby reducing the overall load capacity. Absent. At this time, even if the load is unevenly distributed, the deviation of the load applied to the roller member in each row becomes a small divided value, and the roller member moves independently for each row, so that the deviation of the load is caused by the deviation of the load. The effect is suppressed and skew is unlikely to occur. In addition, since the roller members move independently for each row, the roller members are randomly arranged, the probability that the roller members in each row are aligned in a horizontal line is extremely low, and subtle vibration when the roller members enter and exit the no-load area. Is relaxed. In addition, even if a plurality of rows of roller members are arranged on the track, the chamfered portion can be held in contact with the bottom plate, and the roller members having the chamfered end faces butted against each other can be used. The dropping can be prevented by the thin wire passing through the chamfer and extending along the row. Further, the roller member can be held by loading a spherical body between the concave portion and the groove provided in the roller member.

[0006]

An embodiment of a linear motion guide bearing according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a linear motion guide bearing 10. The linear motion guide bearing 10 includes two rows of roller rollers 1 in a track 13 formed on a bearing body 11 and roller roller turning portions 12 at both ends of the bearing body 11.
4a and 14b, the roller rollers 14a and 14b
In this configuration, b is infinitely circulated in the track 13. The track 13 is formed along four sides in the longitudinal direction of the bearing body 11, is formed in a semicircular shape on each of the roller roller turning portions 12 at both ends of the bearing body 11, and communicates with the track 13 in the bearing body 11. It has an endless orbit. That is, the linear motion guide bearing 10 inserts the roller rollers 14a and 14b into the track 13 and the bearing body 1
1, a bottom plate 15, a side plate 16, and an upper lid 17 are attached.
5, the roller rollers 14a, 14b are exposed, and the bottom plate 15
This is a configuration in which a chamfered portion e formed on the end surfaces of the roller rollers 14a and 14b is held and held (see FIG. 2). The roller rollers 14 in each row in the track 13
a and 14b are arranged at positions shifted from each other,
This is a structure that rolls and moves on the track 13 independently.

In the linear guide bearing 10 having such a structure,
The linear motion guide bearing 10 fixed to the moving body is indicated by an arrow U in the figure.
When it moves in the direction, the two rows of roller rollers 14 a and 14 b on the track 13 move in the direction of the arrow V along the track 13 of the bearing body 11. That is, the roller roller 14
A and 14b circulate along the track 13 from the no-load area F to the load area L and then to the no-load area F.

In the meantime, the roller rollers 14a and 14b receive a load in the load area L. For example, when the uneven load as shown in FIG.
The difference between the left and right loads in the width direction on the load surfaces of the roller rollers 14a and 14b in the row is B. Since the difference between the left and right loads of both of the two rows of roller rollers 14a and 14b is 2B, the difference in the load between the roller rows 14a and 14b of each row is roughly halved. Therefore, the influence of the difference in the load on the roller rollers 14a and 14b in each row is reduced, and the roller rollers 14a and 14b move independently of each other in the row, so that there is a speed difference between the rollers. No skew occurs. Further, the two rows of roller rollers 14a and 14b in the same track 13 have their front and rear positions shifted by ピ ッ チ pitch and move independently for each row, so that the roller members 14 are randomly arranged, and The probability that the roller members 14 in a row are aligned in a horizontal row is extremely low. Therefore, the vibration generated each time each of the roller rollers 14a and 14b passes the boundary K between the load area L and the no-load area F occurs at a pitch of 直径 of the diameter, compared to a single row roller roller bearing. As a result, the amplitude of the vibration is reduced and the vibration is further averaged, so that a smooth movement can be obtained (see FIG. 4).

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the linear guide bearing according to the present invention. Components substantially the same as those of the linear motion guide bearing 10 according to the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In this case, the linear motion guide bearing 20 has three rows of roller rollers 21a, 21b, and 21c arranged on one track, and has a wire 22 as a roller roller falling-off preventing means. That is, the outermost row of roller rollers 21a is
1a, a chamfered portion e on the outer end face is held down by a bottom plate 15, and a few rows of roller rollers 21b, 21c are held down by wires 22.

According to this structure, the roller rollers 21a-
21c can be held without falling off. Note that the linear motion guide bearing 20 also has the same operation and effect as the above-described embodiment.

Next, in the linear guide bearing 30 shown in FIG.
A steel ball 31 is used as a means for preventing the roller from falling off. That is, the roller rollers 32a, 32 in one row and two rows
b, a groove 33 is provided in the center of the bearing body 11 and the side plate 16 along the movement trajectory of the recess 33 of the roller rollers 32a, 32b, and the steel ball 31 is inserted between these grooves. And the roller rollers 32a and 32b are prevented from falling off.

As described above, the linear guide bearing according to the present invention has been described with reference to various embodiments.
The configuration is such that the width of the roller rollers is set to be narrow and multiple rows of roller rollers are arranged independently on one track so that skew is suppressed. Vibration can be reduced.

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention, the width of the roller member is set to be small, and a plurality of rows of roller members are arranged so as to move independently of each other on one track.
As compared with a linear guide bearing having a fixed row of roller members, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of skew due to the influence of uneven distribution of a load or the like. In addition, since the roller members are displaced for each row, the passage interval when the roller members enter and exit the load region is reduced, and delicate vibration can be reduced.

[0014]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional explanatory view showing one embodiment of a linear motion guide bearing according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view of the linear motion guide bearing shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a distribution of a load applied to a roller roller of the linear motion guide bearing illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a main part of a linear motion guide bearing according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view showing another embodiment of the linear motion guide bearing according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view showing another embodiment of the linear motion guide bearing according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional linear guide bearing.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory view of the linear motion guide bearing shown in FIG. 7;

9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a distribution of a load applied to a roller roller of the linear motion guide bearing illustrated in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a main part of the linear motion guide bearing shown in FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 10, 20, 30 Linear guide bearing 11 Bearing main body 12 Roller roller turning portion 13 Track 14a, 14b Roller roller 15 Bottom plate 16 Side plate 17 Top cover 21a, 21b, 21c Roller roller 22 Wire 31 Steel ball 32a, 32b Roller roller 33 Recess 34, 35 Groove e Chamfer F No load area L Load area K Boundary

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16C 29/00-31/06

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A linear guide bearing in which a number of roller members are disposed in a track formed in a bearing body and roller member turning portions at both ends of the bearing body, and these roller members are circulated infinitely in the track. A plurality of roller members are arranged in the same track, and these roller members
, Each row is configured to be freely and independently movable
Linear guide bearing, characterized in that was. 2. The bearing body according to claim 1, which is assembled and constituted by a bottom plate, a side plate and an upper lid, and a roller member is exposed from the bottom plate, and a chamfered portion formed on an end surface of the roller member is formed on the bottom plate. A linear guide bearing, wherein the linear guide bearing is configured to be held in contact. 3. The roller member arranged in a plurality of rows according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate abuts a chamfered portion formed on an end surface of the roller member, and the end surfaces formed with the chamfered portion abut against each other. A linear guide bearing, wherein the roller member passes through the chamfered portion and is held by a thin wire stretched along the row. 4. The roller member according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion is provided in a central portion of the roller member, and a groove is provided in the bearing body and the side plate along a movement path of the concave portion of the roller member. A linear guide bearing having a configuration in which a spherical body is loaded and a roller member is held.