JP3227082B2 - Drilling control device for expanded bottom earth drill - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling control device for accurately setting a diameter of a widened earth drill to a target expanded diameter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A bottom-expanding earth drill is equipped with a bottom-expanding bucket having a widening wing which is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder for expanding at the lower end of a kelly bar. At the same time as rotating, the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansion is gradually extended to open the expanded wing to excavate the expanded portion, the excavated soil is taken into the expanded bucket, and the excavated bucket is filled with the excavated soil when the expanded bucket is full of excavated soil. The bottom cover of the excavation bucket is opened on the ground to discharge the earth, and the excavation bucket is again lowered to the bottom of the vertical hole and the excavation is performed in the same manner as described above to enlarge the diameter of the expanded bottom portion, thereby supporting the bottom. This is to construct cast-in-place piles with high power.

In such an expanded bottom drill,
Since the work is performed underground where the bottoming bucket is not visible, an equalizer link that operates in response to the opening and closing of the widening wing and an angle that detects the angle are used as means for detecting the actual widening diameter determined by the degree of opening of the widening wing. A detector (potentiometer) is provided in the bottom bucket, the signal from the angle detector is guided to the ground via a cable, and the actual bottom diameter is calculated and displayed by a computer installed in the driver's cab of the pile driver on the ground. This informs the operator and alerts the operator when the actual expanded diameter reaches the target expanded value to notify the operator that the expanded diameter has been reached.

[0004]

As described above, in the conventional apparatus, when the actual enlarged diameter reaches the target enlarged diameter, a warning is issued to notify the operator. Because it is expanded and contracted by manipulating the control valve artificially, the operator may inadvertently excavate larger than the target expanded diameter. There is a problem in that a required energy loss and a resource loss in that the excavated hole is excessively filled with concrete occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bottomed earth drill capable of accurately excavating a bottomed portion of a vertical hole to a target enlarged diameter and preventing excess digging due to negligence of an operator. An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation control device.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a hydraulic cylinder for expanding and closing an expanding blade of a bottoming bucket, and supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder for expanding.
Rotary joint and the rotary joint
The hydraulic oil is provided on the rotating side of
And a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the enlarged wing by controlling hydraulic oil supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic cylinder for expanding the diameter,
The actual expanded bottom diameter formed by the expanded wings of the expanded bottom bucket is
The actual bottom diameter detection means, the target bottom diameter setting means for setting the target bottom diameter of the enlarged wing, and a comparison between the actual bottom diameter and the target bottom diameter, the actual bottom diameter reaches the target bottom diameter. At this time, a computer that outputs a diameter expansion stop signal for stopping the operation of the expansion blade in the diameter expansion direction , and the control valve is controlled by the diameter expansion stop signal to increase the diameter of the diameter of the diameter expansion hydraulic cylinder. and a diameter expansion stopping means for stopping the operation of the, the real-拡底diameter detecting means, said b
Between the rotary side of the tally joint and the hose reel
Supplied to the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansion
A flow rate detector for detecting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil to be discharged;
Calculation for calculating the actual expanded bottom diameter of the expanding wing from the output signal of the generator
Means .

[0007]

[0008]

[0009]

According to the present invention , the computer compares the actual enlarged diameter with the target enlarged diameter and stops the operation of the enlarged wing in the diameter increasing direction when the actual enlarged diameter reaches the target enlarged diameter. A diameter expansion stop signal is output, and the control valve is controlled by the diameter expansion stop signal to automatically stop the operation of the diameter expansion hydraulic cylinder in the diameter expansion direction.

In addition, the flow rate of hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansion is detected by a flow rate detector, and the calculating means calculates the actual expanded bottom diameter from the flow rate detector.

Further, due to the provision of the <br/> amount detector flow to the rotating side of the rotary joint, without affecting the influence of the oil leakage of the rotary joint on the detection value of the flow rate detector, it can measure accurately, more An enlarged diameter bottom is formed.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of an earth drill to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 2, the earth drill body 1 is a lower traveling body 1
The upper revolving unit 1c is installed on the upper revolving unit 1c via the revolving unit 1b, and the boom 2 is attached to the upper revolving unit 1c so as to be able to move up and down, and the front frame 3 is attached to the upper revolving unit 1c or the boom 2 so as to be able to move up and down. The front frame 3 has an upper frame 3a on the upper part, and a kelly drive device 4 is mounted on the upper frame 3a. The kelly drive device 4 is configured to insert the kelly bar 5 into the driving hole so as to be vertically movable and relatively non-rotatable, and to rotate the kelly bar 5 by a hydraulic motor, thereby rotating the bottomed bucket 9 through the kelly bar 5. The kelly bar 5 is connected and supported via a swivel joint 8 to a wire rope 7 which is wound and fed by a winch 6 mounted on the upper swing body 1c and hangs down from the top of the boom 2.

As shown in the side view of FIG. 3 and the plan view of FIG. 4, the bottomed bucket 9 has a plurality of (two in the present embodiment) enlarged wings 9b which are opened and closed about a fulcrum 9a. , Each expanding wing 9b is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 10 for diameter expansion.
It is opened and closed by.

[0014] As shown in FIG.
Is provided with a rotary joint 11 attached to the upper frame 3a. The rotary joint 11
Is for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 10 of the bottomed bucket 9 and comprises a non-rotating outer cylinder fixed to the upper frame 3a and an inner cylinder rotatably fitted therein. A groove-shaped or hole-shaped oil passage is formed in these.
The kelly bar 5 is inserted into the inner cylinder, and in a state where the hydraulic hose 12 is connected to at least the hydraulic cylinder 10 so that the hydraulic hose 12 for supplying the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 10 does not wind around the kelly bar 5, the inner cylinder is Rotate with Keriva 5

A hose reel stand 14 is provided on the rotating side of the rotary joint 11, and a hose reel on which a hydraulic hose 12 for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 10 is wound with a constant torque on the hose reel stand 14. 13 is mounted.

In the hydraulic electric circuit diagram of FIG.
5 is a hydraulic pump mounted on the upper rotating body 1c, 16 is a control valve of the hydraulic cylinder 10, 17 is a control valve for the torque motor 13a of the hose reel 13, 1
Numeral 8 is a hydraulic oil flow rate detector installed on the hose reel base 14, and the flow rate detector 18 is provided between the hose reel 13 and the hydraulic fluid pipe between the rotary joint 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 10. Hydraulic piping 2 between
0, that is, inserted into a hydraulic pipe connected to the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 10. The flow rate detector 18 may be provided in a hydraulic pipe 21 connected to the rod chamber side of the hydraulic cylinder 10. Reference numeral 11a denotes a drain pipe for returning oil leaking from the seal portion of the rotary joint 11 to the oil tank 34 on the main body.

As shown in the configuration diagrams of FIGS. 1 and 5, pressure sensors 22 and 23 for detecting the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the flow rate detector 18 are provided in the hydraulic lines 20 and 21, respectively. Can be

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the pulse from the flow rate detector 18 is converted into a voltage signal on the hose reel base 14, and the outputs of the pressure sensors 22 and 23 are compared and calculated. A converter 24 for converting the result into a voltage signal is provided, and a transmitter 25 for transmitting these signals by a FM signal, which is a wireless signal, to a receiver 26 provided on the upper swing body 1c. As described above, the flow signal is transmitted by the wireless signal because the rotary joint 11 is provided with a slip ring or the like that electrically connects the rotating part and the non-rotating part in a wired manner. Becomes large, the height of the bottom-enlarging bucket 9 is limited by that amount, and it becomes difficult to secure a work space for the bottom-enlarging bucket 9. However, if signals are transmitted wirelessly, it is not necessary to make the rotary joint 11 large. That's why.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper swing body 1c
A computer (arithmetic device) 30 is installed in the upper cab 1d, and the computer 30 is provided with a printer 31 and a display (display device) 32 (see FIG. 5). A signal from the flow rate detector 18 is input to the computer 30 through a transmitter 25 and a receiver 26. As shown in FIG. 5, a belt 35 is attached to a top sheave 27 at the top of the boom 2. A depth detector 28 is attached so as to be interlocked with the output, and its output is integrated and displayed by a depth gauge 29, and the result (depth) is input to a computer 30.

In the hydraulic electric circuit diagram of FIG. 1, reference numeral 43 denotes an operation switch of the control valve 16. The operation switch 43 operates when the movable contact is connected to the X side. When the control valve 16 is switched to the left position in FIG. 1, the diameter expanding hydraulic cylinder 10 is extended and the expanding wing 9b is operated in the opening direction, and the solenoid 16
b is excited, the control valve 16 is switched to the right position in FIG.
b operates in the closing direction.

In the circuit of FIG. 1, as a function realized by the computer 30, a calculating means 36 for calculating the current actual expanded diameter from the flow rate signal transmitted via the transmitter 25 and the receiver 26 is provided. And a target expanding diameter setting means 37 realized by a keyboard and a memory, and means 38 for comparing the set target expanding diameter with the actual expanded diameter calculated by the calculating means 36. The output side of the computer 30 is connected to a relay circuit 39 constituting a stop for expanding the diameter of the expanding wing 9 b, and in the relay circuit 39, a diameter expanding side circuit 44 of the operation switch 43 of the control valve 16 is provided.
And a relay having a contact 40 for disconnecting the relay. And
When a diameter expansion stop signal is given from the computer 30 to the relay circuit 39, the relay contact 40 is opened, and even if the operation switch 43 is operated to the X side, the circuit 44 is cut off, so that the diameter of the expansion wing 9b is reduced. The enlargement operation is automatically stopped. The relay circuit 39 includes a circuit that closes the relay contact 41 and turns on the alarm lamp 43 when the target expanded bottom diameter is reached.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart for explaining the operation and operation of this embodiment. Steps S1 to S4 are the processes in a state where the bottomed bucket 9 is on the ground. First, step S1
The selection of the axis and the bottom is a step of selecting whether the excavation is a shaft excavation (excavation of a vertical hole before the bottom is excavated) or a bottom excavation and inputting the key to the computer 30 by a key. In step S2 of initial function selection and step S3 of bucket expansion diameter adjustment, the expansion bucket 9 is enlarged or reduced on the ground, and the actual expansion diameter R (FIG.
This is a step for calculating the actual enlarged bottom diameter and other information on the display 32 as shown in FIG.

Step S4 of inputting initial data is a step of key inputting a date, a bucket type, a pile number, a depth of a vertical hole, and the like.

Here, the hydraulic cylinder 1 of the expanded bottom bucket 9
The operation of expanding the bottom-expanding bucket 9 by supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pump 0 will be described. Hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 14 through the control valve 16 shown in FIG. 1
8, the oil enters the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 10 via the hose reel 13 and the hydraulic hose 12, and the oil in the rod chamber returns to the oil tank 34 via the hydraulic hose 12, the hose reel 13, the hydraulic pipe 21, and the rotary joint 11. Thereby, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is extended, and the expanding wing 9b is expanded.

In this case, information indicating that the detected oil pressure of the pressure sensor 22 is higher than the detected oil pressure of the pressure sensor 23, that is, information indicating that the pressure is being expanded is included in a signal sent from the transmitter 25 to the receiver 26, and the computer 30 Calculates the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 10 by adding the flow rate to the integrated value so far, and calculates the expanded diameter from the stroke. Conversely, when the expanding wing 9b is contracted, the hydraulic oil flows on the reverse path, and at this time, the computer 30 performs a calculation process of subtracting the flow rate from the integrated value so far to calculate the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 10. Then, the expanded diameter is obtained from the stroke.

In FIG. 6, a step S for starting the bottom excavation is performed.
Step 5 is a step of inserting the bottomed bucket 9 to the bottom of the vertical hole, extending the hydraulic cylinder 10 and rotating the bottomed bucket 9 for excavation. After the start of the excavation, the same processing as in step S3 on the ground is performed, and as shown in FIG. 7, the actual enlarged bottom diameter and the like that change every moment are displayed as numerical values, and at the bottom of FIG. It is displayed as a ratio with respect to the arrow mark 46 that is the target enlarged diameter that is the target enlarged diameter (indicated by% of the maximum enlarged diameter determined by the type of the enlarged bucket) (step S).
6).

Then, for example, every time the enlarged diameter is enlarged by a certain size, this is shown in FIG.
The above displayed value is visually checked, the expansion of the diameter of the expanded bucket 9 is stopped and reduced, and then the expanded bucket 9 is placed on the ground.
, And the work of lowering it again to the bottom of the vertical hole is repeated (normally, this work is repeated about 15 to 20 times). Simultaneously with the excavation operation in such a work, the actual enlarged bottom diameter calculating means 36 in FIG. 1 calculates the actual enlarged diameter from the hydraulic oil flow rate as described above, and compares the actual enlarged diameter with the target enlarged diameter set by the keyboard and the comparing means 38. The actual expanded diameter is compared with the actual expanded diameter (step S7), and when the actual expanded diameter reaches or exceeds the target expanded diameter, an expansion stop signal is issued (step S8), whereby the relay circuit 39 opens the contact point 40 and turns the control valve 16 on. Return to the neutral position, stop the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 10 and stop the diameter expansion. In this case, at the same time, the alarm lamp 42 lights up,
Notifies that the bottom has been stopped.

Thereafter, the operation of shaping the wall of the enlarged portion while slightly reducing the enlarged wing 9b and increasing the diameter to the target enlarged diameter is repeated several times (step S9).
Thereafter, when the excavation of one vertical hole is completed, recording on the disk is performed and the output display of the printer is performed (steps S10 to S13), and then the operation of the single vertical hole is completed. If not (step S14), the processing is not terminated.
When the bucket format is different, the process returns to step S3.

[0029] As means for detecting the actual拡底diameter, it is conceivable to determine the actual拡底diameter potentiometer provided in a conventional拡底bucket as. However, since muddy water accumulates in the vertical hole during excavation in the ground, if a potentiometer or a flow rate detector 18 is provided in the ground, these devices and their detection signals are transmitted to the operation room of the pile driver body on the ground. Cables, connectors, etc., for leading to the water may be immersed in the water, and water may enter the inside of them, causing measurement failure. However, as in this embodiment, the flow detector 18 installed on the ground may If the actual expanded bottom diameter is detected, there is no possibility that measurement failure will occur due to the influence of water penetration or the like. Also,
Since the flow rate detector 18 is provided on the ground, there is no need for a device or a member such as a potentiometer or a cable to be inserted into the vertical hole, so that the detection environment becomes favorable and troubles are reduced.

Since the flow rate detector 18 is provided on the hydraulic pipe between the rotary side of the rotary joint 11 and the hose reel 13 , the flow rate detected by the flow rate detector 18 Unaffected by leaks,
Since it corresponds to the flow rate of oil supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 10, accurate measurement can be performed. In this embodiment, since two relatively inexpensive pressure sensors 22 and 23 are provided, there is an advantage that only one flow rate detector 18 is required.

When the actual expanded bottom diameter is determined by the hydraulic oil flow detector 18, a circuit in which the two flow detectors are connected in series to check valves having opposite directions, respectively, is connected in parallel to a hydraulic piping 20. , 21 may be used.

[0032]

According to the present invention , the actual expanded diameter is compared with the target expanded diameter, and when the actual expanded diameter reaches the target expanded diameter,
Since the expansion of the excavated diameter of the bottom-enlarging bucket is automatically stopped, the enlarging part of the vertical hole can be accurately excavated to the target enlarged-diameter, and it is possible to prevent the operator from neglecting excessive dug. As a result, it is possible to prevent energy loss required for extra excavation and resource loss due to extra filling of the excavated hole with concrete.

Further , the actual expanded bottom diameter is detected by detecting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, and the flow rate detector is provided on the ground.
There is no possibility that water may enter the inside of devices such as cables and connectors for guiding the flow rate detector and its detection signal to the driver's cab of the body of the pile driver on the ground, resulting in measurement failure. In addition, since the flow rate detector is provided on the ground, there is no need for devices and members such as a potentiometer and a cable to be inserted into the vertical hole, so that the detection environment is good and the number of failures is reduced.

Also, since the flow detector for the hydraulic oil is provided on the rotating side of the rotary joint, oil leakage from the rotary joint does not affect the detection value of the flow detector. The amount of oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder itself is detected, and accurate measurement can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic electric circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of an earth drill to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of a main part of an earth drill showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the widened bucket according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining operation and operation of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a display example of a display in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Earth drill body, 2: Boom, 3: Front frame, 3a: Upper frame, 4: Kelly drive device,
5: Keliva, 7: Wire rope, 8: Swivel joint, 9: Expanding bucket, 9b: Expanding wing, 10: Hydraulic cylinder for expanding diameter, 11: Rotary joint, 12: Hydraulic hose, 13: Hose reel, 14: Hose Reel base, 16: control valve, 18: flow detector, 20,
21: hydraulic piping, 22, 23: pressure sensor, 24: converter, 25: transmitter, 26: receiver, 27: top sheave, 28: depth detector, 29: depth gauge, 30: computer, 31: printer, 32: Display, 36:
Actual expanded bottom diameter calculating means, 37: target expanded bottom diameter setting means, 38:
Comparison means, 39: relay circuit (diameter expansion stop means), 40:
Diameter expansion stop contact, 42: alarm lamp, 43: operation switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An oil for expanding diameter for opening and closing an expanding wing of an expanding bottom bucket.
A pressure cylinder,A rotary disk for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansion.
And Provided on the rotating side of the rotary joint,
Hydraulic hose that leads hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder
Hose reel and  Supply and discharge to the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansionhydraulic oilCan control
A control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the expanding wing
And the actual expanded diameter formed by the expanded wings of the expanded bucket.
AskActual expanded bottom diameter detection means, Target expanded bottom diameter setting means for setting a target expanded bottom diameter of the expanding wing
And comparing the actual expanded diameter with the target expanded diameter to determine the actual expanded diameter.
When the diameter reaches the target expanded diameter, the expanding direction of the expanding blade
To output a diameter expansion stop signal
Controller and the control valve is controlled by the diameter expansion stop signal.
AndThe operation of the diameter expanding hydraulic cylinder in the direction of increasing the diameter is performed.
The expansion stop means to stopPrepared, The actual expanded bottom diameter detecting means is provided for the rotary joint.
Hydraulic piping between the rotating side and the hose reel
Flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder for diameter expansion
And a flow detector for detecting the flow rate from the output signal of the flow detector
Calculating means for determining the actual expanded bottom diameter of the expanding wing. thing
A drilling control device for an expanded bottom earth drill.