JP3234413B2 - Core sheath yarn for sail cloth - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fabric used for sailcloths such as yacht sails and wind surfing, and a fiber constituting the fabric.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, sail cloths such as sailboats and wind surfing generally use resin-processed fabrics or laminates of fabrics and films. Further, plain or triaxial woven fabrics made of polyester fibers or aramid fibers are used for such cloths. For example, "Sail cloth composed of a laminate in which a plain fabric using polyester filament yarn for warp and weft and a polyester film are bonded by an adhesive" (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-187436) or "Spinning of the same or different materials" The yarns are arranged at substantially equal intervals, and spun yarns placed or organized orthogonally or obliquely are arranged on the yarns. The spun yarns or filament yarns are hooked at intersections generated by the orthogonality or the oblique crossing, and the intermediate layer is formed. , A flexible layer is applied to one or both sides of the intermediate layer, and is adhered or impregnated to form a special laminated sheet "(Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 55-134242)," Karami Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-255844 discloses a sail laminate in which a thermoplastic resin is laminated via an adhesive layer on at least one side of a fabric in which yarns are arranged in an oblique direction. Such as are disclosed. Further, in order to enhance the functionality of the sail cloth, various measures have been taken, such as increasing the total fineness of the yarn in a specific direction of the fabric or arranging a high-strength, low-elongation yarn in a specific direction. However, none of these technologies fully satisfies the following performance requirements of the market accompanying the recent sophistication of hull-related technology. (1) Lightweight and low elongation due to the high strength of the sailcloth due to the light weight of the hull, and stabilization of form and improvement in operability due to high tensile modulus. (2) Bending durability is improved by flapping due to wind and folding for repeated use.

[0003]

An object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned characteristics required for a sail cloth, namely, high strength, light weight, low elongation (shape stabilization), abrasion resistance, bending durability and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a core-sheath structured yarn used for a sail-cloth fabric satisfying the above, and a sail-cloth fabric having good operability using the core-sheath structured yarn.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided "(Claim 1) wherein the tensile strength is 14 g / denier or more and the tensile modulus is 1000 g.
The core fiber is a carbon fiber having a tensile strength of at least 18 g / denier, a tensile modulus of at least 400 g / denier and a tensile elongation of 2 to 8%. As the yarn , the sheath yarn is formed of
A core yarn for a sail cloth which is braided so as to have a ratio of 15 to 55% by weight . (Claim 2) according to claim 1, wherein <br/> core-sheath structure yarn for sale cross a sheath yarn aramid fibers. (Claim 3) core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the sheath yarn is a high strength polyarylate fiber. (Claim 4) a core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the sheath yarn is a high tenacity polyethylene fibers. (Claim 5) core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the fibers of the sheath yarn is black. (Claim 6 ) The core-sheath structure yarn for sail cloth according to claim 5 , wherein the sheath yarn is a black dyed fiber. (Claim 7 ) The sheath yarn is black-coated.
5. The core-sheath structure yarn for sail cloth according to 5 . (Claim 8) sail comprising core-sheath structured yarn of claim 1, wherein
Cloth fabric for sail cloth of the core-sheath structured yarn
A sailcloth fabric having a ratio to the fabric of 30 to 100% by weight . ".

[0005] Carbon fibers include acrylic carbon fibers obtained by sintering acrylic fibers and pitch-based carbon fibers obtained by sintering pitch. The carbon fibers used herein include acrylic carbon fibers. (For example, Torayca fiber of Toray Industries, Inc.) is preferable. The diameter of the single fiber constituting the carbon fiber yarn is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 3 to 10 μm from the viewpoint of bending fatigue resistance. Single fiber diameter is 3μm
If it is less than the above, undesirably, abrasion between fibers due to an increase in single fibers is likely to occur during cutting or use of single fibers in the production process of the core-sheath structure yarn. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 μm, it is not preferable because it is easily broken at the time of bending. As for the physical property range of the carbon fiber used in the present invention, the tensile strength is preferably 14 g / denier or more. When the tensile strength is less than 14 g / denier, a large amount of carbon fiber is required to obtain a high strength, and the specific gravity of the carbon fiber is higher than that of, for example, polyester fiber. Weight reduction cannot be sufficiently achieved. Further, the tensile modulus must be 1000 g / denier or more. If the tensile modulus is less than 1000 g / denier, the form stability and
The reactivity to the wind is reduced, and the running performance and the operability are deteriorated. For the same reason, the tensile elongation is preferably 2% or less. If the tensile elongation exceeds 2%, the form stability, reactivity and operability are undesirably reduced. That is, low elongation,
The use of carbon fibers having a high elastic modulus and a high strength has the greatest significance of the present invention.

The high-strength, high-tensile-modulus, and low-elongation organic fibers referred to herein include aramid fibers (for example, Kevlar fibers manufactured by DuPont, Technora fibers manufactured by Teijin Limited), and high-strength polyarylate. Fiber (eg, Vectran fiber manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (eg, Techmilon fiber manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd.), etc., having fineness, flexibility, adhesiveness, and form stability. From the viewpoint, aramid fiber or high-strength polyarylate fiber is preferred. In addition, the single yarn fineness of these fibers is 0.3 to
15.0 denier is preferred, and more preferably 0.5 denier.
~ 8.0 denier. If the denier is less than 0.3 denier, the single fiber breakage tends to occur due to friction and wear with other objects during the production of the core-sheath structure yarn, and the uniformity of the single fiber in the strand (fiber aggregate) decreases, In addition, stress concentration is likely to occur at a specific location against a high impact load at the time of braiding, and the high strength and high tensile modulus inherent to the fiber assembly cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15.0 denier, the flexibility of the core-sheath structure yarn is reduced, the bending fatigue resistance is deteriorated, and the durability of the sail cloth during use is undesirably reduced. The tensile elongation of the sheath yarn made of organic fibers is 2 to 8%. When a fiber having an elongation of more than 8% is used for the sheath yarn, the tensile strength is reduced due to a difference in elongation from the core yarn, and the performance as a core-sheath structure yarn cannot be sufficiently exhibited. If the elongation is less than 2%, there is a problem in toughness.

[0007] The tensile strength of the sheath yarn is 18 g / denier or more. When a yarn having a tensile strength of 18 g / denier or more is used, the core-sheath structure yarn has a value equal to or higher than the strength of the core yarn, but when a yarn having a tensile strength of less than 18 g / denier is used as the sheath yarn, the core-sheath structure yarn has The strength becomes a value substantially close to the strength of the core yarn, and no contribution is made to the strength of the sheath yarn, and only the thickness increases, which is not preferable. Similarly, the tensile modulus of the sheath yarn is preferably as high as possible.However, if the tensile modulus is too high, on the contrary, the hardness of the core-sheath structure yarn tends to increase, and the bending durability decreases. Tensile modulus is 400g
/ Denier or more and 1600 g / denier or less are preferable. However, by devising the fabric specifications, weaving design that can reduce the hardness of the core-sheath structure yarn is also possible.
There is no particular need to specify the upper limit of the tensile modulus. If the tensile modulus of the sheath yarn is less than 400 g / denier, when a load is applied to the sail cloth,
All of the stress will be concentrated on the core yarn, and the tensile modulus of the core yarn will decrease significantly over time.

The core-sheath structure yarn used in the sailcloth fabric of the present invention is made of carbon fiber having high strength, high tensile modulus and low elongation as described above, and the sheath yarn is more resistant to carbon fiber than carbon fiber. the yarn of <br/> knitted sets and core-sheath structure formed by knitting sets of sheath yarn is limited particularly well even double even single use wear resistance and flexural fatigue resistance of the good organic high-performance fibers Not something. The method of braiding (blade) is performed by using a commonly used blade machine, for example, a 24 carrier braider machine manufactured by Kokubun Tekko Co., Ltd., by using the required number of strokes (2
Ru obtained by covering by braiding the single or double at 4 to strokes).

The weight ratio of the organic high-performance fiber constituting the sheath portion to the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn is 15 to 55%. If the weight ratio of the organic high-performance fiber constituting the sheath portion is less than 15%, the abrasion resistance and the bending fatigue resistance imparted by the sheath portion constituting fiber cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and the core-sheath structure yarn intended originally is not obtained. You can't get it. On the other hand, if the weight ratio of the sheath-constituting fiber exceeds 55%, not only the core-sheath structural yarn becomes too thick, but also the characteristics of the sheath-constituting fiber tend to appear, and the carbon fiber constituting the core, which is originally required, is formed. The properties are not sufficiently exhibited, and the flexibility is reduced .

Further, the core-sheath structure yarn of the present invention is surface-treated with an abrasion resistance improver or a flex fatigue resistance improver, particularly in order to improve the wear resistance and the flex fatigue resistance during use. It may be composed of yarn. In addition,
From the viewpoint of hue and weather resistance, it is preferable to use a black dyed yarn obtained by blending a carbon fine powder or the like with a stock spinning solution or a black yarn obtained by blending a carbon fine powder or the like with various resins and processing the fiber surface. Specifically, for example, carbon fine particles are kneaded into an aramid dope, which is a stock solution for spinning, so as to have a concentration of 0.5 to 2.0%, usually 1.5%, and are spun, and the obtained 1500 is obtained. After performing outdoor exposure for 1 year on denier yarn (1.5% carbon fine particles), the light resistance deterioration state was measured. As a result, the tenacity retention was about 15% higher than that of the yarn not mixed with carbon fine particles. Was. Also, as a specific example of the method of surface processing to black,
An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane (active ingredient 35% by weight) and an aqueous dispersion of carbon microparticles and diphenylmethanediethylene urea (active ingredient 25% by weight) have a solid content ratio (weight%) of 4: 0.5: 0.5. A treatment liquid was prepared by mixing the mixture so as to obtain a 1,500-denier aramid yarn (Technola fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited), and dried at 120 ° C. for 1.5 minutes. The yarns cross-linked for 1 minute were evaluated for light resistance due to outdoor exposure. As a result, the tenacity retention after exposure for one year was about 10% higher than that of the yarn not subjected to the surface treatment, which was favorable. The amount of the treatment agent attached at this time was 1.4% by weight.

[0011] When the intended sailcloth fabric is braided using the core-sheath structured yarn of the present invention, the direction and form stability requiring high strength, low elongation and high tensile modulus are required. 30 to 1 depending on the required basis weight of the fabric in the required direction
Within the range of 00% by weight, the core-sheath structured yarn of the present invention is mixed and braided while being combined with other general-purpose organic fibers.
If the amount of other general-purpose fibers to be inserted exceeds 70% by weight, the tensile modulus of the fabric is reduced, the elongation is increased, and the form stability is impaired. It becomes necessary to increase the weight, and weight reduction becomes impossible.
Of course, in terms of physical properties, it is best to use only the core-sheath structure yarn of the present invention, but in order to reduce the cost of the fabric, it is usually manufactured in combination with other general-purpose organic fibers as described above. You. In addition, the form of the fabric is, as described above, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric,
There is no particular limitation on entangled knitted fabrics, nets, etc., for example, when using a yarn of about 500 denier, 3 to 8 yarns / c
In general, fiber yarns are arranged at a density of about m in the warp, weft direction, and further, if necessary, in an oblique direction. Are used as sale crosses.

As described above, the core-sheath structured yarn of the present invention used in a sail cloth uses carbon fiber as the core yarn, has a high strength and a high tensile modulus for the sheath yarn, and has a higher strength than the core yarn. Because of the use of organic fibers having good abrasion resistance and bending fatigue resistance, the fabric made using this yarn has a comparable high height to the fabric made from only carbon fibers. While having strength and form stability, it has the characteristics of being excellent in bending durability and light weight, and has high strength and high strength comparable to conventional fabrics made only from organic fibers with high tensile modulus. Not only does it have a low elongation and a high tensile modulus, but also has excellent characteristics of shape stability and weather resistance.

[0013]

The core-sheath structure yarn used for the sail cloth fabric of the present invention is characterized by high strength, low elongation, high tensile modulus, and excellent wear resistance, bending fatigue resistance and weather resistance. Has, the sail cloth made using this yarn,
It has low elongation, high tensile modulus, and excellent shape stability, bending durability, and light weight, and can sufficiently satisfy the characteristics required in the market.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples. In addition, the physical property comparative evaluation of the thread and the fabric was implemented by the following method.

<Tensile strength, elongation and tensile modulus of yarn> JI
The tensile strength and elongation of the yarn were measured according to 7.5 of SL-1013. Further, the tensile modulus was calculated from the tangent line at the maximum point of the load change with respect to the elongation change near the origin of the load-elongation curve obtained in this measurement.

<Abrasion resistance of yarn> FIG. 1 shows an evaluation device.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a roll having an outer diameter of 20 mmΦ that freely rotates, 2 is also a roll having an outer diameter of 15 mmΦ that freely rotates, 3 is a sample for evaluation, and 4 is a load. The evaluation of abrasion resistance was performed by twisting the evaluation sample 3 1.5 times, hanging it on a roll 1 that freely rotates as shown in FIG.
A load 4 corresponding to g / denier was attached, the other end of the sample was reciprocated, and the number of reciprocations until the evaluation samples were cut off due to frictional wear at the twisted portion.

<Bending Fatigue Resistance of Yarn> FIG. 2 shows an evaluation device. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 5 denotes a pair of thread gripping jigs having a tip radius of 0.5 mm, and the jigs are alternately rotated left and right by 90 degrees around the tip end. Reference numeral 6 denotes a screw for fixing the evaluation sample to 1, reference numeral 7 denotes an evaluation sample, and reference numeral 8 denotes a load attached to one end of the evaluation sample.

The bending fatigue resistance is evaluated by fixing one of the evaluation samples 7 with a screw 6 while sandwiching the same between a yarn gripping jig 5 and attaching a load 8 equivalent to 0.3 g / denier to the other. The gripping jig 5 was alternately rotated 180 degrees left and right by a total of 180 degrees, and the number of reciprocations until the evaluation sample 7 was cut at the end of the thread gripping jig 5 was determined.

<Tensile Strength, Elongation and Tensile Modulus of Fabric>
The measurement was carried out in accordance with IS-L-1068 to determine the tensile strength and the elongation. Further, the portion of the obtained load-elongation curve that approximated the initial straight line was regarded as a straight line, and the tensile modulus was calculated. Further, from the values of the tensile strength and the elongation, the weight reduction morphological stability was determined. That is, it was determined that the higher the tensile strength value, the lighter the weight was possible, and the lower the elongation, the better the morphological stability. In addition, the tensile modulus was determined as a measure of form stability and hull operability. That is, it was determined that the higher the extensional modulus, the better the form stability and operability.

[0020]

Example 1 A single carbon fiber yarn consisting of 1000 filaments of 594 denier was used for the core yarn, and an aramid filament fiber yarn consisting of 25 filaments of 55 denier (Technola fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) was used for the sheath yarn. A single braided core-sheath structure yarn was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn. The weight ratio of the aramid fiber in the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn was about 45%.

[0021]

Example 2 The core-sheath structure-yarn obtained in Example 1 was irradiated with a sunshine-type accelerated weathering tester at 63 ° C. for 300 hours in the presence of rain (with fogging) for 300 hours, thereby deteriorating the weather resistance of the core. A sheath structure yarn was prepared. Tables 1 and 2 show the evaluation results of the core-sheath structure yarn that has been subjected to the weather resistance deterioration.

[0022]

Example 3 A core-sheath structured yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that aramid long fiber yarn (Technora fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) consisting of 55 denier and 25 filaments was used as the sheath yarn. I got The obtained core-sheath structured yarn was irradiated by a sunshine-type accelerated weathering tester under the same conditions as in Example 2 to prepare a core-sheath structured yarn that was deteriorated in weather resistance. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the core-sheath structured yarn.

[0023]

Example 4 A core-sheath structured yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that one carbon fiber yarn comprising 1782 denier 3000 filaments was used as the core yarn. Was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The weight ratio of aramid fibers in the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn was about 21%.

[0024]

Example 5 A core-sheath structured yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a high-strength polyarylate fiber yarn consisting of 50 denier 10 filaments was used as the sheath yarn. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn. The weight ratio of aramid fiber to the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn is about 4%.
4%.

[0025]

Comparative Example 1 A single carbon fiber yarn consisting of 594 denier 1000 filaments was used for the core yarn, and the same carbon fiber consisting of 594 denier 1000 filaments was used for the sheath yarn. A core-sheath structured yarn consisting of 100% carbon fiber was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn.

[0026]

Comparative Example 2 A core-sheath structure was performed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that aramid filament (55-denier 25 filaments techno fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) was used for the sheath yarn and the braid was single-braided in four strokes. Yarn was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn. The weight ratio of the aramid fiber to the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn was about 12%.

[0027]

Comparative Example 3 Example 1 was repeated except that aramid filament (55-denier 25 filaments techno fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) was used for the sheath yarn and braided in 16 strokes.
And a core-sheath structured yarn was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn. The weight ratio of the aramid fiber in the total weight of the core-sheath structure yarn was about 62%.

[0028]

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 Three aramid fiber yarns (Technola fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) made of 200 denier 133 filaments were used as the core yarn, and four strokes were made using a carbon fiber yarn made of 594 denier 1000 filaments as the sheath yarn. A single braided core-sheath structure yarn was obtained. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the evaluation of the obtained core-sheath structured yarn.

[0029]

Comparative Example 5 Two carbon fiber yarns each consisting of about 594 denier 1000 filaments were used, and a yarn sample having a core-in-sheath structure made of 100% carbon fiber twisted to have a twist coefficient of 1 was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0030]

Comparative Example 6 An aramid fiber yarn consisting of 1000 denier 667 filaments (Technola fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) and a yarn sample having a core-in-sheath structure consisting of 100% aramid fiber twisted to have a twist coefficient of 1 Was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Tables 1 and 2 show the results.
Shown in

[0031]

Comparative Example 7 For comparison, a core made of 100% polyester fiber twisted to a twist coefficient of 1 using one polyester filament yarn (polyester fiber manufactured by Teijin Limited) consisting of 96 filaments of 1000 denier. A yarn sample having no sheath structure was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

[Table 2]

[0034]

Example 6 Using the core-sheath structured yarn obtained in Example 1, a plain woven fabric having a warp and weft density of 5 yarns / cm was woven, and this woven fabric was used as a scouring agent (a score roll 40 manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd.).
0) The oil was removed by treatment (70 ° C. × 15 minutes) in a warm bath. The basis weight of this plain fabric was about 125 g / m ² .

On the other hand, two films obtained by applying a polyurethane-based adhesive (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd.) to a thickness of about 20 μm on a 25 μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate biaxially stretched film, While holding the plain fabric so as to be bonded to the plain fabric, the surface temperature is 12
The core-sheath structured yarn 10 of the present invention is laminated by applying a heat and pressure treatment with a nip roll at 5 ° C., a pressure of 2.0 kg / cm ² and 12 m / min.
A sail cloth consisting of 0% of the cloth and the polyethylene terephthalate film was obtained. The results of evaluating the physical properties of the obtained sail cloth are as shown in Table 3.

[0036]

Example 7 Comparative Example 7 with the core-sheath structure yarn obtained in Example 1
The polyester filament yarns used in the above are arranged and inserted so that the densities of the warp and the weft become 2 / cm and 3 / cm, respectively. A sail cloth was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that a plain woven fabric having a weight ratio of about 42% to the entire woven fabric was woven. The physical properties of the obtained sail cloth were evaluated. Table 3 shows the results.

[0037]

Comparative Example 8 Core-sheath structured yarn obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 7
The polyester filament yarns used in the above are arranged and inserted so that the warp and weft densities are 1 / cm and 4 / cm, respectively. A sail cloth was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that a plain woven fabric having a weight ratio of about 22% of the entire woven fabric was woven.
The physical properties of the obtained sail cloth were evaluated. Table 3 shows the results.

[0038]

[Table 3]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a wear resistance evaluation device.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the bending fatigue resistance evaluation apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. A roll with an outer diameter of 20 mm that rotates freely. 2 A roll with an outer diameter of 15 mm that rotates freely. 3 Yarn sample for evaluation. 4 Load. 5 A pair of jigs for holding a yarn sample. 6 Screw for fixing the thread sample for evaluation attached to the gripping jig. 7 Yarn sample for evaluation. 8 Load.

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Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A carbon fiber having a tensile strength of 14 g / denier or more, a tensile modulus of 1000 g / denier or more and a tensile elongation of 2% or less is used as a core yarn, a tensile strength of 18 g / denier or more, and a tensile modulus of 400 g. / An organic fiber having a denier or more and a tensile elongation of 2 to 8% is used as a sheath yarn , and the sheath yarn is used as a core sheath structure
The ratio of the sheath yarn to the yarn production is 15 to 55% by weight.
Braided core yarn for sail cloth. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein <br/> core-sheath structure yarn for sale cross a sheath yarn aramid fibers. 3. A core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the sheath yarn is a high strength polyarylate fiber. 4. The core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the sheath yarn is a high tenacity polyethylene fibers. 5. The core-sheath structured yarn for sale cross of claim 1 wherein the fibers of the sheath yarn is black. 6. The core-sheath structure yarn for sail cloth according to claim 5 , wherein the sheath yarn is a black dyed fiber. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sheath yarn is surface-treated in black.
5. The core-sheath structure yarn for sail cloth according to 5 . 8. A sail comprising core-sheath structured yarn of claim 1, wherein
Cloth fabric for sail cloth of the core-sheath structured yarn
A sailcloth fabric having a ratio to the fabric of 30 to 100% by weight .