JP3234593B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for generating a musical tone based on melody pattern information.
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of correcting a melody scale by specifying a chord progression and a key.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A user inputs a melody pattern such as a melody accompaniment from a panel or the like, or selects a pre-registered pattern, and gives an arbitrary chord progression to the melody pattern to correspond to a chord. An electronic musical instrument that generates a musical tone by converting the scale of a melody pattern has been conventionally known. In such an electronic musical instrument, conventionally, only one scale among the scales such as Ionian and Aeolian corresponds to the chord types such as M (major) and m (minor).

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of the above-described conventional electronic musical instrument. In step S30, a chord progression is input. Each piece of code information of the chord progression is input together with the switching timing information, and is stored in the memory. Here, for example, it is assumed that the input key is G and the chord progression is Bm7-Em7-Am7-. In step S31, 1 is set to a code number counter i. In step S32, the scale is determined based on the input code type using the code type versus scale table of FIG.
In step S33, the melody pattern is corrected to match the scale determined in step S32, and a tone is generated. In step S34, 1 is added to the counter i. In step S35, it is checked whether or not the value of the counter i has exceeded the number of codes n.
If not, the flow returns to step S32 to repeat the determination of the scale corresponding to the next chord, the correction of the scale of the melody pattern, and the performance of the melody.

[0004]

FIG. 12A is an example of a scale selected by the above method. Since the chord types of the input chord progressions [Bm7-Em7-Am7-...] Are all m7, all Aeolian are selected according to the table of FIG. Therefore, a scale as shown in FIG. 12A is selected from the root (root note) of each chord. However, comparing this scale with a major scale in which G specified as a key is a tonic (tonic note), there are places where the pitches do not match as indicated by arrows in the figure.

[0005] Originally, human beings naturally have the characteristic that sounds that fit the scale sound musically natural, while sounds that do not fit the scale sound musically very unnatural. However, according to the above-described conventional method, when an arbitrary chord progression is given to a melody pattern such as an accompaniment pattern and a musical tone of the melody pattern is generated, a scale corresponding to a designated key is generated. There has been a problem that a musical tone having a deviated pitch may be generated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and when a code is specified for a melody, a scale suitable for the function of the code at that time is automatically set for that code type. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of selectively playing a melody.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electronic musical instrument for generating a musical tone based on a melody pattern, wherein each tone of the melody pattern is scaled based on a chord progression and a key (tonality). It is characterized in that a correction means for automatically correcting the alignment is provided.

With the above-mentioned features, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically obtain a musically natural melody.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. The CPU 1 controls the entire electronic musical instrument such as key assignment and tone control. The ROM 2 stores programs and data necessary for control. R
AM3 contains various control data in the musical instrument or MIDI.
Data and the like are stored. The keyboard 4 is composed of a plurality of keys each having a switch, and the keyboard interface circuit 5 scans the switches of the keyboard to detect on / off under the control of the CPU 1. The panel 6 includes various switches and a display such as an LCD or an LED. The panel interface circuit 7 includes the CPU 1
The state of various switches is read under the control of, and various information is output to a display.

The tone generator circuit 8 reads a waveform signal from an internal waveform memory at an address interval corresponding to a designated frequency under the control of the CPU 1 and multiplies the envelope signal by an envelope signal to generate a digital musical tone waveform. In general, the tone generator circuit 8 is configured so that a plurality of digital tone signals can be added and synthesized by simultaneously operating a plurality of channels by time division multiplex processing. The D / A converter 9 converts a tone signal output from the tone generator 8 into an analog signal.
The amplifier 10 amplifies the analog musical tone signal and
1 to generate a musical sound. The MIDI interface circuit 12 communicates with an external MIDI-compatible device.
A DI signal is transmitted and received, and a bus 13 connects each circuit inside the electronic musical instrument. In addition, an FDD (floppy disk drive), a memory card interface circuit, and the like may be provided as necessary.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the outline of the scale correction operation of the above embodiment when automatically playing a melody pattern already stored in the memory. The melody pattern is input using (notes of) the C major scale or stored in advance. In step S10, a chord progression and a key are input. Here, the input chord progression is, for example, [Bm7-Em7-Am7 -...] and a key (tonality)
Is a G major. In step S11, 1 is set to a code number counter i. In step S12, the distance S between the root P (root note) of the i-th chord extracted from the memory and the tonic (key note) R of the key is determined.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of determining the distance S. In step S20, the chord root P (root note) and the key tonic (principal note) R are quantified using the note name / numerical value correspondence table in FIG. In step S21, it is checked whether the value (PR) is 0 or positive. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S22, where the distance S is determined by the (PR) .S correspondence table in FIG. 6A. Is done. On the other hand, when (PR) is negative, the process proceeds to step S23, where the distance S is determined by the (RP) · S correspondence table in FIG. 6B.

Here, the chord progression is, for example, [Bm7-
Em7-Am7 -...], and assuming that the key (tonality) is G major, the root P is [BEA-
...], and the tonic R is G. The numerical values corresponding to the route P and the tonic R are [2, 7, 0,...] And 10, respectively. Since (PR) is negative, the determination in step S21 is negative and the process proceeds to step S23. Transition. According to the table of FIG. 6B, the value of (RP) [8, 3,
..] Are converted to [III] as the corresponding distance S.
, VI, II, ...] are obtained.

Returning to FIG. 2, in step S13, a scale corresponding to the distance S and the code type x is obtained from the x, S, scale correspondence table in FIG. In the case of the above example, since the code type x is m7, the scales are Phr (Frigian), Aeo (Aeolian), and Dor (Dorian). FIG. 13 shows a correspondence table between the symbols in FIG. 7 and scale names. Step S1
In 4, the melody pattern is corrected to match the scale, and the performance is performed. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of the process in step S14. In step S40, one piece of sound information is extracted from the melody pattern data to be played. In step S41, the pitch is transposed according to the difference between the tonic C corresponding to the melody pattern and the root of the chord specified at that time.

In step S42, step S1
The pitch is corrected according to the pitch correction value table of FIG. 8 so as to conform to the scale determined in Step 3. FIG. 8 shows a correction value when the root of the designated chord is C, where +1 means raising a semitone and -1 means lowering a semitone. In the case of another route, only the symbols such as C and D in the note name column need to be rotated such that the route of the designated chord is at the top (top). For example, when the root of the designated chord is B and the scale is Phr, the symbol representing the note name in FIG. 8 is rotated so that B comes first.
That is, symbols other than B are moved down one by one. Then Ph
Looking at the row of r, for example, the correction value of the sound of the note name F is +1. Therefore, when the data of F is read, the sound is corrected to the sound of F # which is raised by a half tone.

In step S43, parameters are set in the tone generator in accordance with the corrected pitch information.
The sounding operation is started. In step S44, it is checked whether or not the switching timing of the currently selected chord in the chord progression has arrived. If not, the process returns to step S40 to execute processing of the next sounding information of the melody pattern data. Do.

Returning to FIG. 2, in step S15, 1 is added to the counter i, and in step S16, it is checked whether or not the value of the counter i has exceeded the number n of code data. Step S1
2 to S16 are repeated to obtain the distance S corresponding to the next code.
Decide the scale and scale, correct the scale, and continue playing the melody. With the above operation, the performance can be performed while automatically correcting the melody based on the chord and the key.

FIG. 9 is a major / minor correspondence table.
The key can be specified for both the major and the minor. When the key is specified for the minor, the distance S is obtained by ignoring the difference between the keys in step S12 in FIG. Convert to S. By doing so, it is possible to unify the processing after step S13. In the above example, the scale selected is the same even if the key is designated as E minor instead of the G major.

FIG. 10 is a musical score showing an example of an accompaniment melody pattern. The melody pattern can be set to an arbitrary pattern including a chord and a length, and when the melody pattern is played to the end, the performance is repeated by returning to the beginning. FIG. 11 shows the chord progression [Bm7-Em7-Am7-
..] And an example of data conversion when a key G measure is given. Note that the chord changes every two measures. First, the distance S is determined from the route P of each chord and the tonic R of the key according to the table of FIG. 6A or 6B.
Further, the scale corresponding to each code is determined from the distance S and the code type of each code according to the table of FIG. In the figure, B frigian is selected as the scale for the first chord Bm7 in the chord progression, and then E Aeolian and A Dorian are sequentially selected.

FIG. 12B shows each scale selected by the above-described procedure. B.Phr, E.Aeo, A.D
Each scale of or has the same key signature (# 1) and note name as the major scale with G as a tonic.
Next, pronunciation information is extracted one by one from the melody pattern, and a tonic C corresponding to the melody pattern is obtained.
And the pitch is transposed in accordance with the difference from the root P of the chord specified at that time. For example, melody pattern sounds (C, C, D, E, F, A, D, C) are converted to (B, B, C #, D #, E, G #, C #, B), respectively. Is done. Further, based on the determined scale and chord route, the correction value of each transposed sound is read from the table of FIG. For example, if the scale is Phr and the root of the chord is B, the pitch name (B, B, C #, D
The correction values corresponding to #, E, G #, C #, B) are (0,
0, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 0). Therefore, the transposed sound is corrected based on this correction value, and as shown in the output column of FIG. 11, (B, B, C, D, E,
G, C, B). When the conventional scale selection method is used, since the chord types of all the chords are all m7, all Eorian scales are selected. (Indicated by the arrow)).

Although one embodiment has been described above, the present invention can be modified as follows. Although the above embodiment is a scale correction of melody data already stored, a similar scale correction is, for example, input from a keyboard,
Alternatively, the present invention can be applied to data input in real time from outside using a MIDI signal or the like. That is, if the chord progression and the key are input in advance and the scale correction operation is started, even if a key having a note name not included in the selected scale is pressed on the internal or external keyboard, the key is generated. All note names are corrected to note names on the selected scale. Therefore, even if a person who is not good at playing a musical instrument performs, he / she can easily enjoy the ad-lib feeling. Also, for example, a key for one octave in the lowest range of the keyboard can be used for inputting a chord, and chord information can be input in real time.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain a musically natural melody by automatically selecting a scale suitable for a function of a chord.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a scale correction process according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process for determining a distance S;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing pitch correction and performance processing.

FIG. 5 is a correspondence table between note names and numerical values.

FIG. 6 is a correspondence table between (PR) or (RP) and a distance S.

FIG. 7 is a correspondence table of a combination of x and S and a scale.

FIG. 8 is a pitch correction table.

FIG. 9 is a major / minor correspondence table.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a musical score of an accompaniment melody pattern.

FIG. 11 is a table showing an example of pattern conversion according to chord progression.

FIG. 12 is a diagram comparing a conventional example with a scale selected according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a table showing the correspondence between scale symbols and scale names.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of a conventional electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 15 is a correspondence table between a conventional code type and a scale.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... keyboard, 5 ... keyboard interface circuit, 6 ... panel, 7 ... panel interface circuit, 8 ... sound source circuit, 9
... D / A converter, 10 ... Amplifier, 11 ... Speaker, 12
... MIDI interface circuit, 18 ... Bus

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An electronic musical instrument for generating a musical tone based on a melody pattern, means for designating a desired tonality, code output means for outputting a chord in accordance with a predetermined chord progression, and corresponding to the melody pattern. Means for transposing the melody pattern based on the difference between the tonic and the root of each chord output from the chord output means , the tonic and the tonic output from the chord output means
The difference between the root of each chord and the tonality
And means for correcting, based on whether it is a minor, means for determining a scale on the basis of said corrected difference and type of each code, each sound of the transposed melody pattern was the determined An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a pitch correction unit that corrects to match a scale.