JP3245293B2 - Hydroplane - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a watercraft that jets water backward by the rotation of an impeller and propells the water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In such a watercraft, an engine crankshaft is arranged in a longitudinal direction of a hull, an impeller is provided on an impeller shaft arranged coaxially with the crankshaft, and a front end of the impeller shaft is provided at the front end of the impeller shaft. The rotation of the engine is transmitted to the impeller shaft through the provided coupling, and water is injected backward by the rotation of the impeller provided on the impeller shaft to obtain a required thrust.

[0003]

However, in the conventional watercraft, the space above the coupling is narrow because the rear wall of the engine cylinder is located near the coupling, and the conventional watercraft is replaced with a rubber product. However, there has been a problem that the operability of the maintenance of the coupling having a high frequency is poor.

Further, since the cylinder of the engine is substantially upright, there is a limit in keeping the center of gravity of the engine low, and there is room for improving the stability of the hull.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a watercraft capable of securing a wide space above the coupling to improve maintainability and lowering the center of gravity of the engine to enhance the stability of the hull. Is to provide.

When the engine serving as the driving source is a four-stroke engine, an intake pipe is connected to the cylinder head, so that the intake pipe is located above the hull where the width is reduced and extends in the lateral direction of the hull. Will be there. For this reason, there is a problem that the length of the intake pipe cannot be sufficiently secured to avoid interference with the hull, and the output of the engine cannot be maximized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a watercraft that can secure a sufficient length of an intake pipe of a four-stroke engine and improve engine output.

In a watercraft, a rational arrangement of an oil tank for engine lubrication, especially a large capacity oil tank is required.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a watercraft that can realize a rational arrangement of a large-capacity oil tank for engine lubrication.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object,
According to the first aspect of the present invention, an impeller is provided on an impeller shaft extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and the rotation of the engine is transmitted to the impeller shaft via a coupling provided at a front end of the impeller shaft. In a watercraft that injects and propells backwards, a crankshaft of the engine is arranged in the lateral direction of the hull, and a transmission mechanism that changes the direction of the rotation of the crankshaft and transmits the rotation to the impeller shaft is provided. A cylinder of the engine is inclined to a side opposite to the coupling.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that an intake pipe connected to a rear surface of a cylinder head of a four-stroke engine extends upward from the impeller shaft.

Further, according to the present invention, an oil tank for lubricating the engine is disposed below the intake pipe, and the oil tank is connected to an oil pan provided at a lower part of the engine via an oil pump. It is characterized by the following.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cylinder of the engine is inclined to the side opposite to the coupling, so that a large space is secured above the coupling, and maintenance of the coupling which is frequently performed such as replacement is performed. Is facilitated. Further, since the center of gravity of the engine is lowered by the inclination of the cylinder, the stability of the hull is enhanced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the crankshaft of the engine is arranged in the lateral direction of the hull and the intake pipe is rationally arranged in the dead space above the impeller shaft. In addition to the above-described effects according to the invention described above, there is obtained an effect that the engine output can be improved by lengthening the intake pipe within a range that does not interfere with the hull.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a large-capacity oil tank can be arranged by utilizing the dead space below the intake pipe, and the capacity of an oil pan provided below the engine can be reduced. In addition to the effects of the first or second aspect of the present invention, the total height of the engine can be further reduced to lower the center of gravity of the hull, and the watercraft can be stably sailed. Is obtained.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of a watercraft according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway plan view of the watercraft, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along a line A.

The hull 2 of the watercraft 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2
In the lengthwise direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 1 and 2) approximately in the center,
A four-cycle two-cylinder engine 3 as a driving source is mounted by a plurality of mount rubbers 4, and a fuel tank 5 is disposed in front of the engine 3. The upper part of the engine 3, the fuel tank 5, and the like is covered by a cowling 6, and a handle 7 is provided outside the cowling 6 above the engine 3. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a sheet.

As shown in FIG. 3, the engine 3 is arranged so that the center line thereof coincides with the keel line L of the hull 2, and as shown in FIG.
Are arranged in the lateral direction (width direction) of the hull 2. Therefore, two cylinders are arranged side by side in the cylinder 3a of the engine 3.

The rotation of the crankshaft 9 of the engine 3 is transmitted to the impeller shaft 11 after the direction of the rotation is changed by 90 ° by the transmission mechanism 10.
Will be described with reference to FIG.

The transmission mechanism 10 includes an intermediate shaft 12 rotatably disposed in parallel with the crankshaft 9 and an output shaft 13 rotatably disposed in a direction perpendicular to the intermediate shaft 12 (the length direction of the hull 2). the has, at one end of the intermediate shaft 12, the gear G ₂ of large diameter which meshes with the small diameter gear G _1, which is bound to one end of the crankshaft 9 is bound. Then, the other end of the intermediate shaft 12 (inner end) is bound bevel gear G _3, bevel gear G _4, which is bound to the front end of the output shaft 13 to the bevel gear G ₃ is engaged .

The output shaft 13 and the impeller shaft 11 are arranged coaxially at the center in the lateral direction of the hull 2 and are connected to each other by a rubber coupling 14.

Then, as shown in FIG.
An impeller 15 is attached to the rear end of the casing 1, and the impeller 15 rotates in the casing 16 to spray water backward from the nozzle 17. The casing 16
A stator 18 is fixed inside the casing 16.
By changing the direction of a nozzle 17 swingably attached to the rear end of the watercraft 1 by steering operation with the handle 7, the watercraft 1 is steered.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder 3a of the engine 3 is
4 (specifically, an angle of 40 degrees forward with respect to the vertical line), and the cylinder head 3a-
An intake pipe 19 connected to 1 extends rearward into a space formed above the impeller shaft 11 and behind the cylinder 3a, and a carburetor 20 is mounted in the middle thereof. An air cleaner 21 is attached to the end. Here, an air inlet (not shown) is opened in the air cleaner 21. Note that FIG. 2 shows a state in which the cylinder 3a that is actually inclined forward by an angle of 40 ° is tilted to the horizontal.

On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 22 extending forward from the cylinder head 3a-1 extends to the side (left side) of the hull 2 through the water lock chamber 23 and then to the rear as shown in FIG. It is bent at a substantially right angle and extends rearward, and its distal end opens into the casing 16. The water lock chamber 23 is located between the pair of left and right mount rubbers 4 provided at the front part of the engine 3 and the rear part is located below the forwardly inclined cylinder head 3a-1. . As described above, since the water lock chamber 23 is arranged using the dead space below the cylinder head 3a-1 that is inclined forward, a large capacity can be secured in the water lock chamber 23.

The engine 3 according to this embodiment employs a dry sump system as its lubrication system.
It has two oil pumps (not shown) for pumping and pumping.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an oil tank 24 for engine lubrication is arranged in a wide space behind the cylinder 3a and below the intake pipe 19. The oil tank 24 is connected to an oil pan (not shown) provided at a lower portion of the engine 3 through two oil pipes 25 and 26 and the two oil pumps.

As described above, when the engine 3 is driven, the direction of the rotation of the crankshaft 9 is changed by 90 ° by the transmission mechanism 10 and is reduced and transmitted to the impeller shaft 11. That is, the rotation of the crankshaft 9 is reduced through the gears G ₁ and G ₂ and transmitted to the intermediate shaft 12, and the direction of the rotation of the intermediate shaft 12 is changed by 90 ° by the bevel gears G ₃ and G ₄ , and the output shaft is rotated. 13 is transmitted to
The rotation of the output shaft 13 is transmitted to the impeller shaft 11 via the coupling 14, and the impeller shaft 11 and the impeller 15 connected thereto are driven to rotate at a predetermined speed.

When the impeller 15 is driven to rotate as described above, the impeller 15 jets water backward from the nozzle 17 as described above, and the watercraft is propelled by the propulsive force generated by the jet of water. 1 is run at a predetermined speed.

At the same time, two oil pumps (not shown) are driven by part of the power of the engine 3 and
The oil sucked into the oil pump for pumping through the oil pipe 25 is pumped to each part by the oil pump for pumping and provided for lubrication. The oil used for lubrication collects in an oil pan (not shown) provided in the lower part of the engine 3 and is immediately returned from the oil pipe 26 to the oil tank 24 by a pumping oil pump.
As described above, in the engine 3 that employs the dry sump system as the lubrication system, lubrication is performed without storing oil in the oil pan (sump), so that the capacity of the oil pan can be reduced.

According to the present embodiment, since the cylinder 3a of the engine 3 is inclined (forward inclined) to the opposite side to the coupling 14, as described above, the coupling 14
Above, a large space can be secured, and maintenance of the coupling 14, which is frequently exchanged or the like, can be performed using this large space, so that the workability of maintenance is further enhanced. In addition, the inclination of the cylinder 3a reduces the overall height of the engine 3 and lowers its center of gravity, so that the stability of the hull 2 is enhanced. Further, as described above, the center line of the engine 3 is the keel line L of the hull 2.
, The weight balance between the right and left sides of the hull 2 is kept good, and the stability of the hull 2 is also improved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the crankshaft 9 of the engine 3 is arranged in the lateral direction of the hull 2 and the intake pipe 19 is rationally arranged in the dead space above the impeller shaft 11. In addition, the intake pipe 19 can be made as long as possible without interfering with the hull 2, whereby the output of the engine 3 can be improved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, a large capacity oil tank 24 can be rationally arranged by effectively utilizing the dead space below the intake pipe 19, and a dry sump system is used as a lubrication system for the engine 3. And the oil tank 24 is communicated with the oil pan at the bottom of the engine 3 through the oil pipes 25 and 26 and the two oil pumps, so that the capacity of the oil pan can be reduced as described above. Can be further lowered to lower the center of gravity of the hull 2, whereby the watercraft 1 can achieve stable sailing.

By the way, the transmission mechanism 1 according to the embodiment described above.
At 0, the gears G ₁ and G ₂ are used to transmit the rotation of the crankshaft 9 to the intermediate shaft 12, but a chain transmission mechanism as shown in FIG. 4 may be used. That is, the sprocket 27 and the sprocket 27 are attached to one end of the crankshaft 9 and one end of the intermediate shaft 12, respectively.
An endless chain 29 is wound between the two sprockets 27, 28, and the rotation of the crankshaft 9 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 12 via the sprocket 27, the chain 29, and the sprocket 28. , The intermediate shaft 12
Is rotated by 90 degrees by the bevel gears G ₃ and G ₄ and transmitted to the output shaft 13, and the rotation of the output shaft 13 is transmitted to the impeller shaft 11 via the coupling 14. . In FIG. 4, the same elements as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the above, an example in which the present invention is applied particularly to a hydroplane equipped with a four-stroke engine has been described. It can also be applied to

[0036]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a large space is secured above the coupling to improve the maintainability, and the center of gravity of the engine is lowered to reduce the hull. The effect that stability can be improved is obtained.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, the length of the intake pipe of the four-stroke engine can be sufficiently ensured to improve the engine output. The effect is obtained.

Further, according to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first or second aspect of the invention, it is possible to realize a rational arrangement of a large-capacity oil tank for engine lubrication. Is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of a personal watercraft according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway plan view of the watercraft according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cutaway plan view showing another embodiment of the transmission mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Watercraft 2 Hull 3 Engine 3a Cylinder 3a-1 Cylinder head 9 Crankshaft 10 Transmission mechanism 11 Impeller shaft 14 Coupling 15 Impeller 19 Intake pipe 24 Oil tank

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An impeller is provided on an impeller shaft extending in a longitudinal direction of a hull, and rotation of an engine is transmitted to the impeller shaft via a coupling provided at a front end of the impeller shaft.
In a watercraft that propels water by injecting water backward by the impeller, a transmission mechanism that arranges a crankshaft of the engine in a lateral direction of a hull, changes the direction of the crankshaft, and transmits the rotation to the impeller shaft. Along with
A watercraft, wherein a cylinder of the engine is inclined to a side opposite to the coupling. 2. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the engine is a four-stroke engine, and an intake pipe connected to a rear surface of a cylinder head of the engine extends upward from the impeller shaft. Hydroplane. 3. An engine according to claim 1, wherein an oil tank for lubricating the engine is disposed below the intake pipe, and the oil tank is connected to an oil pan provided at a lower part of the engine via an oil pump. Or the watercraft according to 2.