JP3249482B2 - Pooler - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a puller used for pulling or pulling an article.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a general structure of a puller is, as shown in FIG. 8, in which two arms 11, 11 each having a holding plate 10, 10 fixed to the tip thereof, cross in an X-shape. A link is formed by rotatably connecting each end of the two levers 12 connected to each rear end. According to the puller of this structure, the connecting portions 12a of the levers 12 are pulled by the chain 13 or the like, so that the holding plates 10 are closed via the above-mentioned links, and the articles can be held therebetween.

[0003]

However, according to the above-mentioned conventional puller, since the holding plate is fixed to the tip of the arm, the angle formed by the holding plate differs depending on the degree of opening of the tip of the arm. For example, in a pallet puller set so that the holding plate is parallel when the opening angle of the arm is small in order to sandwich the partitioning plate of a relatively thin pallet, It becomes a letter "C". For this reason, the puller cannot sandwich a thick article over the entire surface of the holding plate. In other words, in other words, there is a problem that versatility is lacking in a puller in which a holding plate is fixed because the holding area (holding force) varies depending on the thickness of the article.

[0004] In order to improve this, there is a type in which a spike is provided on a holding plate or a holding plate is pivotally supported at the end of an arm. As a result, there is a risk that the article may be unnecessarily damaged, and a spike effect is hardly obtained for a hard article in the first place.

On the other hand, in the latter puller, the rotation of the holding plate must be stopped by an appropriate stopper, and after the stop, the operation becomes exactly the same as that of the puller in which the holding plate is fixed.
In addition, since the holding plate has a C-shape according to the opening angle of the arm, the above-described problem is not fundamentally solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a versatile puller which can always hold an article on the entire surface of a holding plate regardless of an opening angle of an arm tip. To provide.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a beam in which two arms 1.1 are rotatably intersected and a holding plate 2.2 is fixed to the tip of each arm. 3 and 3, the rear end of each beam and the rear end side of the intersection A of the non-connection side arm are connected by rods 4 and 4. Further, the rod connection point B on the arm and the rod connection point B are connected. The ratio of the amount of displacement with respect to the rod connection point C is substantially the same as the ratio of the length between the intersection A and the rod connection point B on the arm and the intersection A and the beam connection point D on the other arm.

In the invention according to claim 2, the two arms 1.1 are rotatably crossed, and the ends of each arm are connected to the beams 3.3 to which the holding plates 2.2 are fixed. The rear end of each beam and its non-connection side arm, that is, the rear end side of the intersection A of the arm opposite to the connected arm, are connected by rods 4, 4 respectively. When the arm is closed, the arm has an inclination of an angle difference α with respect to the beam, and the length between the intersection A and the rod connection point B in the arm is set to the distance between the arm connection point D and the rod connection point C in the beam. A method of reducing the length by half was used. Note that the angle difference α between the arm and the beam is 0 <α.
Although it can be set at <90, it is preferable to set it at about 35 degrees in order to provide a convenient puller.

According to the above means, the beam moves in parallel in the opening and closing range of the tip of the arm while maintaining the same inclination as the initial one. Therefore, the angle between the two holding plates fixed to the beam is always kept constant irrespective of the opening angle of the tip of the arm. This action is caused by the X · X of the rod connecting point B of the arm that rotates about the intersection A.
This is because the ratio of the amount of displacement on the Y coordinate to the amount of displacement of the arm connecting point D or the rod connecting point C in the beam becomes substantially constant. The ratio of the displacement amount is the intersection A of the arm.
And the distance between the rod connection point B and the distance between the intersection A and the beam connection point D on the other arm.

In the above-mentioned puller, the opening and closing operation of the holding plate is performed by changing the angle formed by the rear end of the arm. For this purpose, the rear end of the arm may be directly rotated like scissors. Alternatively, the link described in the related art may be formed at the rear end of the arm, and one point of the link may be pulled by a chain or the like to open and close. In addition, the fixing angle of the holding plate with respect to the beam can be selected according to the shape of the target article, but when the article is in a plate shape or the like, by fixing the holding plate so as to be vertical, The article can be sandwiched on the entire surface of the holding plate. Further, in order to more securely hold the article, a spike or a non-slip rubber may be provided on the holding surface of the holding plate.

On the other hand, the invention according to claim 2 employs means for bending between the intersection point A of the arm and the beam connection point D such that the tip is closer to the holding plate. According to this means, even when a relatively large article is sandwiched, interference between the article and the arm can be prevented. Also,
The force in the closing direction of the arm transmitted to the holding plate, that is, the loss of the holding force can be reduced, and the distance between the holding plate and the tip of the arm in the beam is shortened, so that the article is structurally stronger and more firmly holds the article. can do.

[0012]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1.1 denotes an arm, which is connected in an X shape with an intersection A as a rotation axis.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a holding plate, and both holding plates 2 are fixed to the ends of the beams 3 in a vertical state so as to be parallel to each other. Each beam 3 is pivotally supported at the tip of the arm with D as an axis. Note that knurls and spikes for preventing slippage, elastic rubber, and the like are appropriately provided on the holding surfaces 2a of the holding plates 2.

Next, reference numeral 4 denotes an arm 1.1 and a beam 3.
3 and the connecting points B and C
Are rotatable. The rod 4
4 is connected so that the length from the intersection A of the arms 1.1 to the connection point B is one half of the length from the rod connection point C to the arm connection point D in the beam 3.3. . Further, the rear end side of the arms 1.1, that is, between the intersection A and the rod connection point B, has an inclination of about 35 degrees with respect to the beams 3.3. In the puller of this embodiment, the specific ratio of each side is AB = 15, AD = 90,
BC = 100 and DC = 30.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 5.5 designate arms 1.1.
Is the lever connected to the rear end. In the present embodiment, the connecting point 5a of the levers 5, 5 is pulled by a chain or the like, thereby changing the opening angle of the arm tip and opening and closing the puller. However, a puller that does not constitute the above-mentioned lever but may be opened and closed by directly operating the rear end of the arm may be used.

According to the puller, as shown in FIG. 2, even if the opening angle of the tip of the arm changes, the beams 3.3
Is moved in parallel while maintaining the same inclination as the initial state, so that the holding plates 2 can be opened and closed in a state where they are always parallel to each other. Therefore, according to the puller of the present invention, an article of any thickness can be sandwiched on the entire surface of the holding plate.

Next, the principle on which the puller of the present invention operates in this manner will be described. Taking each connection point of the puller shown in FIG. 1, a link ABCD can be considered as shown in FIG. Here, for convenience of explanation, the closed state of the arm is indicated by setting AD to be vertical, and DC is set to be horizontal in this state. Further, description will be made assuming that AB has an inclination of an angle α with respect to DC.

In the above link ABCD, AB AD
Even when (arm 1.1) rotates at a constant rotation angle θ, the DC (beam 3) moves horizontally only at the intersection A
This is because the displacement amounts of the point D and the point C having the fixed point are the same,
In addition, the displacement amount of the point C or the point D always keeps a constant ratio with respect to the displacement amount of the point B. That is, AB and AD are changed from the state where the rotation angle θ = 0 in FIG.
When rotated to the maximum rotation angle θ = α, the triangle BB′B ″ indicated as the displacement of the point B and the triangle CC′C ″ indicated as the displacement of the point C have a constant ratio. It can be said that the similar shape shown. Although the rotation center of the point C is a point E which is separated from the intersection A by a DC length in the X-axis direction, the rotation radius of the point C is the same AD length as that of the point D. The ratio of each side of the triangle CC'C "can be substantially expressed by the ratio of AB length to AD length. However, since the two triangles are rotated by 90 degrees, the displacement of the point B in the X direction is actually the displacement of the point C in the Y direction, and the displacement of the point B in the Y direction is the X of the point C. It is compared with the amount of displacement in the direction.

Next, the reason why the AB length is set to one half of the DC length in the link ABCD that operates will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the link ABCD shown in FIG. 3 can be replaced with a four-node rotating link in which AD and BC rotate at the same rotation angle θ using DC as a fixed node. In the link, the rotation angle θ of AD and BC
As is clear from FIG. 3, the value α at which the AB (arm) is horizontal is maximized. From this, AB
The length can be obtained from the difference between the X coordinates of points A 'and B' when AD and BC are rotated by α.

Therefore, based on FIG. 4, the X coordinates of the points A ′ and B ′ when the rotation angle θ = α with the point D as the origin are determined. Here, AB length = a, AD length = d, BC
Length = b, DC length = c, the inclination of AB is α, and the angle of C is β.

First, the X coordinate of the point A can be obtained by the following general formula. A (x) = d · cos (90 + θ) Formula On the other hand, the X coordinate of the point B is obtained by the following general formula . B (x ′) = b · cos (180−β + θ) + c Equation

Then, by substituting θ = α into the equation, the X coordinates of the points A ′ and B ′ are obtained as follows. A ′ (x) = d · cos (90 + α) Formula B ′ (x ′) = b · cos (180−β + α) + c Formula

On the other hand, since | A '(x) -B' (x ') | = a, the following equation is substituted into this equation: a = | d · cos (90 + α) − ｛b · cos ( 180−β + α) + c｝ | = | d · cos (90 + α) −b · cos (180−β + α) −c |

Further, the equation can be transposed as follows: c = | -a + d · cos (90 + α) -b · cos (180-β + α) | formula In this formula, d · cos (90+ in the right side
α) −b · cos (180−β + α) is nothing but -a, so c = | −2a | Therefore, c = 2a holds.

As described above, the AB length, that is, the distance between the intersection A and the rod connection point B in the arm 1 is the DC length, that is, the beam 3
Is set to one-half between the arm connection point D and the rod connection point C in.

Next, a description will be given using three types of embodiments shown in actual size.

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 5 shows a puller bent between the intersection A and the tip of the arm 1.1 with AB having a 35 degree inclination with respect to DC with the clamping plates 2.2 closed. And the AB length is one half of the DC length, the arm 1
The length of each side when 1 is rotated by 30 degrees is shown in an actual size. Specifically, the AB length is 15 cm, the AD length is 90 cm, the BC length is 100 cm, the DC length is 30 cm, the gradient of DC is 5 degrees, and the gradient of AB is 40 degrees.

As shown in the figure, even when the arm 1.1 is rotated, the beams 3.3 move horizontally while each side of the link ABCD is maintained at almost the initial length. It was confirmed. In addition, according to the puller of the first embodiment, since the bent portion is formed, the tip of the arm becomes large, so that even a relatively large article can be prevented from interfering with the arm. Further, since the tip of the arm is oriented in the beam closing direction, loss of the force transmitted from the tip of the arm to the beam when the tip of the arm is closed is small, and the article can be firmly held by the force applied to the arm. . Further, in the first embodiment, the beam 3
Since the length from the arm connection point D to the holding plate 2 can be shortened, the wobble of the holding plate 2 can be reduced, and the article can be held more firmly.

Although there is a link ABCD in which the beams 3 and 3 move horizontally in theory, the length and angle of each side of the link ABCD must be numerical values on a trigonometric function. Error occurs in the length of each side after rotation. However, since the error is about 1% in the first embodiment, it can be ignored.

[0028]

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 6 shows a puller in which a bent portion is not provided in the arm as in the first embodiment, and linear arms 1 'and 1' are employed. However, AB length and DC length, and AB D
The link ABCD is formed under the same conditions as in the first embodiment with respect to the inclination with respect to C. This figure is also shown in actual size,
AB length is 14.78 cm, BC length is 63.35 cm, C
The D length is 29.56 cm, the DA length is 60 cm, and the inclination of AB is 75 degrees and the inclination of DC is 40 degrees. Even with this puller, before rotation of arm 1.1
Later, it was confirmed that the beams 3.3 of the link ABCD moved horizontally.

[0029]

Third Embodiment Next, FIGS. 7A to 7C show a state in which the holding plate is closed by making AD vertical, and the angle difference α between AB and DC at this time, that is, the inclination of AB To 20, 40,
It is set to three types of 60 degrees. And AB
When AD (arm) is rotated by 20 degrees, DC
BC and B'C 'before and after rotation
Is a comparison of the lengths. Note that AB: DC: AD =
15:30:60, and this length is maintained after rotation.

As a result, BC before and after the rotation of the arm
And B′C ′ were found to be almost the same length.
Specifically, in (1) where the inclination of AB is 20 degrees, BC before rotation is 67.004, whereas B'C 'after rotation is 66.638. In addition, the angle difference is 4
In (2), which is 0 degrees, the BC before rotation is 72.60.
B'C 'after rotation is 71.488, while 60.
Met. Further, in (3) where the angle difference was 60 degrees, BC before rotation was 76.379, whereas B'C 'after rotation was 76.697. Thus, in the third embodiment, if the AB length is one half of the DC length,
Regardless of the angle difference between AB and DC, it can be interpreted that a link ABCD in which DC moves almost in parallel can be formed.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Regardless of the opening angle of the arm tip, the angle formed by the opposing holding plates is always constant, so that it can be applied to articles of any thickness. In other words, a versatile puller could be obtained. In addition, since the article is always sandwiched by the entire surface of the sandwiching plate, the article can always be sandwiched by a stable sandwiching force without employing another means such as a spike.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a closed state of a puller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an open view of the puller.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation principle of the puller of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is another operation principle diagram of the puller of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a puller operation diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a puller operation diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a puller operation diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view showing a conventional puller.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 arm 2 clamping plate 3 beam 4 rod 5 lever

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Two arms 1.1 are rotatably intersected with each other. Beams 3, 3 on which holding plates 2, 2 are fixed are connected to the ends of the arms, respectively. A rod 4.4 connects the rear end side of the intersection A of the non-connection side arm with a rod, and the ratio of the displacement between the rod connection point B of the arm and the rod connection point C of the beam is determined by the intersection of the arm. A puller characterized in that the length ratio between the A-rod connection point B and the intersection A / beam connection point D on the other arm is substantially the same. 2. The two arms 1.1 are rotatably crossed with each other, and the ends of each arm are connected to the beams 3.3 to which the holding plates 2.2 are fixed. The rod between the rear end side of the intersection A of the non-connection side arm is connected by a rod 4, and furthermore, the arm has an inclination of an angle difference α with respect to the beam when the holding plate is closed, and A length of the arm between the intersection A and the rod connection point B is set to a half of the length between the arm connection point D and the rod connection point C in the beam. 3. The puller according to claim 2, wherein the angle difference α between the arm and the beam is about 35 degrees. 4. The puller according to claim 1, wherein the arm is bent between the intersection and the beam connection point such that the tip is closer to the holding plate.