JP3249783B2 - Spray equipment for tunnel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a tunnel spraying device for spraying concrete or the like on an excavation wall surface in tunnel excavation such as a BM method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a mountain tunnel, a NATM (New A) having rock bolts inserted into the ground and shotcrete constructed along excavation walls as main support members is used.
ustrian Tunnelling Methed) method is the mainstream.

[0003] A tunnel excavation method includes a blast excavation in which an excavation is performed by an explosive such as a bench cut method in which the entire surface is excavated and the tunnel cross section is divided into upper and lower parts and the excavation is performed in parallel with the upper half section of the tunnel and the lower half section in parallel. Construction method, TBM (Tunne
l Boring Machine)
There are various methods such as the BM method and the mechanical excavation method using free cross section excavation that has a cutter section at the boom tip and excavates the cross section by operating the cutter boom. In any case, when supporting the excavated wall surface, Instead of the conventional construction method using a steel arch member as a main support material, the above-mentioned rock bolt and shotcrete are used as support materials.
The ATM method is actively used.

Conventionally, in the above-described spray concrete work, a boom for holding the spray nozzle is mounted on a movable crawler type, tire type or rail type movable carriage, and the spray nozzle is operated by this boom operation. The spraying robot has been used to perform the spraying operation, or the operator has to directly carry the nozzle hose with the nozzle hose.

[0005]

Generally, in the concrete spraying operation, the spray nozzle is held perpendicular to the spraying surface, and the distance between the spraying surface and the spraying surface is empirically reduced with less rebound. It is known that, when the concrete is sprayed while being held at an appropriate distance, the concrete that has been sprayed is not blown off and has good adhesion.

However, in the case of a conventional spraying robot operated by a boom, a plurality of joints are controlled to bend by a hydraulic cylinder or the like to secure a spraying position. It is difficult to always maintain a perpendicular and constant reach distance to the object.

Conventionally, with respect to spray thickness control, hitting a pin to an excavation wall in a state where the pin protrudes by the design thickness into the inside of a tunnel pit, and if this pin is hidden by sprayed concrete, the design spray thickness is increased. In this method, the spray thickness can be satisfied at the place where the pin is installed, but the design spray thickness is satisfied at the intermediate part where the pin is not installed. There was a problem that it was not possible to judge whether or not it was. To cope with this problem, for example, when measuring the wall shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel using a laser range finder, etc. If the robot's boom is present, the laser beam is cut off and measurement cannot be performed.Therefore, there was a problem that the spraying operation had to be temporarily suspended and the spraying robot or its boom had to be evacuated to a position where it would not be in the way. .

On the other hand, in recent years, attempts have been made to remotely control the spraying robot by cable transmission. However, in the case of the conventional articulated type spraying robot, since there are many control points, considerable skill is not required. There were also problems such as difficulty in remote control.

Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to make it possible to continuously perform spraying while maintaining a constant spraying distance and always perpendicular to the spraying surface, and to perform control necessary for steering. The remote control can be easily performed by anyone without requiring a small number of skills and the spraying thickness can be measured in parallel with the spraying work without interrupting the spraying work. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel spraying device capable of managing spraying pressure and the like.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a tunnel boring machine, comprising:
Supports the shear transfer equipment following the tunnel boring machine.
It is supported movably along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel as a holding member
And a circumferential rail member having a running rail surface formed along the tunnel circumferential direction at a substantially constant distance inside the tunnel circumferential wall surface , and the running rail surface mounted on the circumferential rail member. And a spray nozzle holding device that is capable of traveling around the tunnel in the circumferential direction.

In the present invention, the circumferential rail member is provided on the rear side and the front side of the tunnel boring machine.
Slip transport equipment following the tunnel boring machine
A support member that can move freely along the length of the tunnel as a support member.
The spray nozzle holding device is moved along the circumferential rail member. Therefore, the spray nozzle is always kept perpendicular to the tunnel wall surface, and the spray distance is always kept constant. In addition, in the spraying operation, spraying can be basically performed only by controlling the movement in the circumferential direction of the tunnel while following the excavation of the tunnel boring machine, and therefore requires some skill. Remote control can be easily performed by anyone without the need.

Further, since the circumferential rail member is movable along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, when spraying, for example, the spray nozzle holding device is moved along the circumferential rail member so as to move in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. After the concrete spraying is finished, the spraying procedure for moving in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and spraying in the circumferential direction of the tunnel again, or the spray nozzle holding device while slowly moving the circumferential rail member in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel Can be continuously performed by a spraying procedure or the like for moving the nozzle in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

On the other hand, with respect to the spray nozzle holding device,
The spray nozzle position is adjusted with respect to the spray nozzle holding device.
Front position in the spraying direction and rear side in the spraying direction
A light wave distance meter for collimating the tunnel wall is disposed at each position, and the light wave distance meter at the front position in the spraying traveling direction is provided.
Measurement of the spray thickness before spraying
Spraying measured by a lightwave rangefinder at the rear side in the traveling direction
Based on the spray thickness measurement after
It is desirable that the spray thickness to be applied can be grasped . As a method of using the lightwave distance measuring device, to simply measure the thickness after spraying, only one of the lightwave distance measuring devices that is located on the rear side with respect to the moving direction of the spray nozzle holding device is used. It may be used or only the data of the light wave range finder located on the rear side may be taken out, but regardless of the rotational movement direction of the spray nozzle holding device, the advance of the spray nozzle holding device
The measurement is performed simultaneously by two lightwave rangefinders arranged on the front side and the rear side in the traveling direction, and the thickness before and after the spraying is measured. Since the applied thickness can be confirmed in real time, it is possible to easily manage the supply amount of the spray material to be fed and the spray pressure.

The term "spraying" in the present invention includes spraying of various materials such as mortar spraying in addition to general concrete spraying.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view when a concrete spraying device 1 according to the present invention is applied to a TBM, FIG. 2 is a side view of the concrete spraying device 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof. .

The concrete spraying device 1 is disposed behind a tunnel boring machine 2 (hereinafter, TBM), and successively sprays concrete onto a circularly excavated wall while following the excavation of the TBM 2. is there.

The shears excavated by the cutter head 10 of the TBM 2 are transported out of the pit by a shear transport device 11 installed along the rear side of the tunnel from the TBM 2. The concrete spraying device 1 is fixed as a support member.

As shown in FIG.
A pair of left and right grooved rails 13A, 13B disposed with their openings facing inward are fixed to the lower surface of the support base 12 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
A traveling base 14 is provided in which a roller is fitted in the groove of 3B so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the circumferential rail member 3 is fixedly supported by a hanging bracket 15 provided on the lower surface side of the traveling base 14. A spray nozzle holding device 4 is mounted on the circumferential rail member 3.

The circumferential rail member 3 moves the spray nozzle holding device 4 as a running body along a circular locus line at a substantially constant distance inside the tunnel circumferential wall H along the tunnel circumferential direction. For traveling, a rail member processed into a ring shape is used in this example.
In this example, since the example of application to the TBM having a circular excavation cross-sectional shape was shown, the circumferential rail member 3 was also formed in a circular shape. For example, in the case of a tunnel having a composite circular cross-section using a free cross-section excavator, A circumferential rail member processed into the similar reduced shape according to the composite tunnel sectional shape is used.

The circumferential rail member 3 is movable along the tunnel longitudinal direction so that the spraying operation can be performed continuously over a predetermined range in the tunnel longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the grooved rails 13A, 13B
Sprockets 18 at the front end and the rear end of
A, sprocket bracket 16A supporting 18B,
A chain 1 in which the gears 16B are arranged and fixed, gear fixings 17A and 17B are fixed to the front side and the rear side of the running base 14, respectively, and one end is fixed to the gear fixings 17A.
9 is connected and fixed to the other gear fixing tool 17B by rotating the sprockets 18A and 18B, and the motor support 21 is fixedly supported on the lower surface side of one sprocket bracket 16B, and the motor 20 fixedly supported by the motor support 21 is driven. The transmission chain 22 is wound between the sprocket 20a and the sprocket 18B, and the driving shaft of the motor 20 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, so that the circumferential rail member 3 together with the traveling base 14 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. .

As shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 5, the spray nozzle holding device 4 mounted on the circumferential rail member 3 has an inner surface of the circumferential rail member 3 on a traveling portion of the apparatus main body 23. A drive pinion gear 24 that contacts the outer surface of the circumferential rail member 3;
25B, and is supported by the circumferential rail member 3 by sandwiching the circumferential rail member 3 between the drive pinion gear 24 and the pressing rollers 25A and 25B. The rack gear 3a formed on the inner surface of the directional rail member 3 meshes with the rack gear 3a, and the drive pinion gear 24 is rotated by a motor 26 so as to be movable along the circumferential rail member 3.

The rear end of the nozzle holder 28 for holding the spray nozzle 40 is supported by a spray angle control cylinder 27 so that the spray angle of the spray nozzle 40 can be adjusted to an arbitrary angle. Nozzle holder 28
A swinging rod 29 is provided on the rear upper surface of the nozzle holder 28 so as to protrude upward, and converts the rotational movement of the gear 31 rotated by the motor 29 into the rectilinear reciprocating operation of the swinging rod 29 to thereby move the nozzle holder 28. The swinging operation is continuously performed, and the concrete can be sprayed at a predetermined width S by running the spray nozzle holding device 4 on one line.

On the other hand, laser rangefinders 5A and 5B are provided and fixed to the spray nozzle holding device 4 at front and rear positions in the traveling direction with the spray nozzle position interposed therebetween when viewed from the front. The measurement of the sprayed thickness can be performed in parallel. In spraying, the spray nozzle holding device 4 is alternately moved in a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction, so that the laser range finder 5A (5B) is located on the rear side in the moving direction. The sprayed thickness after spraying is measured by the measurement data from.

In this case, the pair of left and right laser rangefinders 5A and 5B are used simultaneously, and the laser rangefinder 5A (5) located on the front side in the moving direction of the spray nozzle holding device 4 is used.
The spray thickness before spraying is measured by B), and the spray thickness after spraying is measured by the laser range finder 5B (5A) located on the rear side . In the process of moving the spray nozzle holding device 4 around the tunnel several times while spraying, the spray nozzle is measured by measuring both the spray thickness before spraying and the spray thickness after spraying. It is possible to know in real time the sprayed thickness sprayed during the traveling process by the holding device 4, and thus it is possible to easily manage the amount of pumped concrete and the pressure of the sprayed concrete.

The spraying operation includes dusting by spraying material,
Since the laser rangefinders 5A and 5B are contaminated by dust and scattered concrete in a very short time because the measurement is performed in a bad environment such as the scattering of concrete. In particular, when concrete adheres to the laser emitting portion, it becomes impossible to measure. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, in the present invention, a laser distance measuring instrument is provided in a storage box 38 having a laser emitting opening 38a as an opening. The main body 39 is housed, and an air inlet 38b is provided at the rear side of the storage box 38 so that air is constantly supplied into the storage box 38 at least during the spraying operation.
The supplied air causes an air flow to flow out from the laser emission port 38a, so that the concrete and dust scattered by the rebound do not enter the inside of the storage box 38, and the laser range finder body The measurement by 39 is always performed in a good state.

In the actual measurement of the spray thickness, first, the spray nozzle holding device 4 is run once around the tunnel without spraying the excavated raw surface, and then around the tunnel. Measure the shape of the moat surface along. The measurement data is subjected to data processing by a computer (not shown), and as shown in FIG. 7, a rough moat-shaped line 35 is drawn on a computer monitor A, and based on the moat-shaped moat line 35, The design spraying shape line 36 is drawn. The position of the spray nozzle holding device 4 is also displayed on the computer monitor A at the same time.

When the measurement of the moat shape is completed, the spray nozzle holding device 4 is operated to start the concrete spraying operation. At the same time as the concrete spraying, the spraying thickness measurement is performed by the laser range finder 5. The shape measurement data is processed by the computer in the same manner as the above-described moat shape measurement, and the current spraying thickness shape is displayed on the computer monitor A. Draw as line 37.

The operator looks at the three shape lines displayed on the computer monitor A, that is, the bare shape line 35, the design spray thickness line 36, and the current spray thickness line 37 at a glance. It becomes possible to grasp the spraying situation. While spraying the concrete on the wall surface, the spray nozzle holding device 4 is repeatedly moved in the circumferential direction of the tunnel a plurality of times,
When the thickness becomes close to the design spray thickness, the design spray thickness line 36 drawn on the computer monitor A is used.
By comparing the current spray thickness line 37 with the current spray thickness line 37, the spray nozzle holding device 4 is moved and controlled so as to increase the area of the area that is less than the design spray thickness, and spraying is performed. Concrete is sprayed according to the design spray thickness.

[0029]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to carry out spraying while always maintaining a constant distance perpendicular to the spraying surface. Further, even when operating the spraying device, it is only necessary to control the movement of the spraying nozzle holding device along the circumferential rail member, so that remote control can be easily performed by anyone without skill. In addition, the spray thickness can be measured in parallel with the spray operation without interrupting the spray operation, and the supply amount of the spray material, the spray pressure, and the like can be managed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view when a concrete spraying device 1 of the present invention is applied to a TBM.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the concrete spraying device 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view thereof.

4 is an enlarged side view of the spray nozzle holding device 4. FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged rear view of the spray nozzle holding device 4.

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a laser range finder 5;

FIG. 7 is a drawing chart for drawing a sprayed thickness measurement result on a computer monitor.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete spraying device, 2 ... TBM, 3 ... circumferential rail member, 4 ... spraying nozzle holding device, 5A / 5B ...
Laser range finder, 11: shear transfer device, 38: storage box, 38a: laser emission port, 38b: air inlet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Namura 4-12-20 Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Sato Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shoichi Ando 4--12 Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. 20 Sato Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-62-273400 (JP, A) JP-A-63-142195 (JP, A) JP-A-7-225154 (JP, A) JP-A-5-225 59894 (JP, A) JP-A-2000-8879 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No. 3-25123 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 11/10

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
Supports the shear transfer equipment following the tunnel boring machine.
It is supported movably along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel as a holding member
And a circumferential rail member having a running rail surface formed along the tunnel circumferential direction at a substantially constant distance inside the tunnel circumferential wall surface , and the running rail surface mounted on the circumferential rail member. Characterized by a spray nozzle holding device capable of running around the tunnel in the circumferential direction along the tunnel. 2. The spraying nozzle holding device is sprayed.
Spraying position in front of spraying direction across nozzle position and spraying
At the rear position in the traveling direction, an optical distance meter for collimating the tunnel wall is provided, and the light at the front position in the spraying direction is provided.
Spray thickness measurement before spraying measured by wave rangefinder
And the light wave rangefinder at the rear side in the spraying direction
Travel based on the measured spray thickness after spray measurement
The spraying apparatus for a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the spraying thickness sprayed by the process can be grasped . 3. The lightwave range finder is housed in a storage box having an opening for opening the lightwave emission port, and is constantly supplied with air from the rear side of the storage box so that the lightwave distance measurement instrument is located outside the lightwave emission port. 3. The tunnel blowing device according to claim 2, wherein the outflowing air flow is generated.