JP3258511B2 - Sorting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus which is used, for example, when a target object is selected by removing foreign substances from the object to be sorted.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional sorting apparatus, a perforated plate having a large number of uniform holes is arranged in an inclined position, and a blowing air that blows up through the holes and blows a material to be sorted on the perforated plate. Providing ventilation means that can be induced to the extent that it is slightly lifted, and vibration means that can apply vertical vibration to the perforated plate to obtain vibration along an inclination angle inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the inclination posture are provided. (Hereinafter referred to as a conventional device) have been developed (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-2008).
No. 70). According to such a sorting device, the object to be sorted on the perforated plate has a downward moving force of trying to roll downward in the inclination direction based on the perforated plate being in the inclined posture, and the inclination angle. Two opposing forces, ie, an upward moving force that tries to climb upward in the inclination direction based on the vibration along the line, are applied. Among the sorted objects, those having a small specific gravity (hereinafter, referred to as light specific gravity objects) Is more affected by the levitation force of the blow-up wind than that having a high specific gravity (hereinafter, referred to as a heavy specific gravity object), so that the influence of the vibration is reduced and the upward moving force based on the vibration is also reduced.
Therefore, the light specific gravity object tends to receive the downward moving force more than the upward moving force and roll down to the lower side in the inclined direction. On the other hand, the heavy specific gravity object among the objects to be sorted, on the other hand, does not receive much levitation force due to the blowing wind, so that it is greatly affected by the vibration,
The upward moving force based on the vibration also increases. Therefore,
The heavy specific gravity object tends to receive the upward moving force more than the downward moving force and try to climb upward in the inclination direction. Therefore, on the upper side and lower side of the perforated plate,
Providing a collection section for each of the objects to be separated enables the heavy and light specific gravity objects to be separated and sorted from the objects to be sorted. Therefore, for example, when the light specific gravity substance is the target substance and the heavy specific gravity substance is a foreign substance among the selected substances, the collection section provided below the perforated plate removes the foreign substance. The objects are sorted and collected, and the foreign matter is accumulated in the collection section above the perforated plate.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned objects to be sorted, small-diameter and large-diameter materials are mixed, and there may be considerable variation in the particle size.
In the case where the above-described conventional apparatus is applied to an object to be sorted in which there is considerable variation, the weight of each object to be sorted is small even though the small diameter one of the heavy and heavy substances is a heavy and heavy substance. It is relatively light and receives a large levitation force due to the blowing wind, acts like the light specific gravity object, and may be difficult to climb upward in the inclination direction. Therefore, there is a problem that it is sometimes difficult to separate and separate a heavy specific substance and a light specific substance from the object to be sorted. The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and in order to solve the above-described problems in the conventional apparatus, in the selection of the object to be sorted, a heavy specific gravity material and a light specific gravity material are more effectively separated and sorted. It is intended to provide a means to obtain.

[0004]

A sorting apparatus according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the apparatus of the present invention) comprises a small-diameter perforated plate portion having a large number of small-diameter holes allowing partial passage of an object to be sorted; A perforated plate is provided so that a large-diameter perforated plate portion formed with a large number of large-diameter holes allowing partial passage of an object is provided adjacent to each other, and the small-diameter hole is formed from below the perforated plate upward. Ventilation means for inducing a blow-up wind passing through the large-diameter hole at a low wind speed and a high wind speed is provided, and a selection target input section for inputting the selection target to the small-diameter perforated plate portion is provided, and the supply is performed on the perforated plate. Vibration means for vibrating the perforated plate so as to move the object to be sorted from the small-diameter perforated plate portion side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion side is provided, a collection unit for the sorted object on the upper side of the perforated plate, and A collecting section for the sorted material is provided on the lower side of the perforated plate. Diameter perforated plate part becomes the lower side,
In addition, the perforated plate is arranged in an inclined position in which the large-diameter perforated plate portion is on the upper side, and vibration along an inclination angle inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the inclined position is applied to the perforated plate. a manner, constitute the vibrating means, wherein the inclination direction upper end side of the large-grain Anaban part is characterized configure that is provided with a recovery portion of the upper side of the sorted matters.

[0005] On having the first feature structure, the point above the perforated plate is provided with recovery of the sorted matter by the second <br/> characteristic configuration.

[0006] On having the first characterizing feature, the inclination direction lower end side of the small diameter perforated plate portion, and the point is provided with a recovery portion of the sorted matter and a third characterizing feature.

Furthermore, on having the first characterizing feature, the ratio of the large-grain Anaban part of the perforated plate, a point that is smaller than the ratio of the small diameter perforated plate portion as the fourth characterizing feature of the I have.

[0008]

When the apparatus according to the present invention having the first characteristic configuration is used, first, an object to be sorted is supplied and supplied to a small-diameter perforated plate portion of a perforated plate from an object-to-be-selected input section. The sorting object on the perforated plate portion has a lateral moving force moving from the small-diameter perforated plate portion side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion side based on the vibration by the vibrating means, and floating based on the blowing wind by the ventilation means. A force and a drop force acting to drop downward via the small-diameter hole against the floating force act.
Therefore, among the objects to be sorted, first, fine powder mainly having a small diameter with a light specific gravity moves to the upper side of the perforated plate based on the floating force. Based on the drop force, it passes through the small-diameter hole of the small-diameter perforated plate portion and is collected by the lower-side sorting object collecting section. And large-diameter ones that cannot pass through the small-diameter holes (including light-specific-gravity ones)
Is laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion based on the lateral moving force. Also, the floating force and the falling force that tends to drop downward through the large-diameter hole against the floating force also act on the sorted object laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion. Therefore, the fine powder that has not moved above the small-diameter perforated plate portion moves above the perforated plate based on the levitation force, and the heavy specific substance of the large-diameter perforated plate falls down. It is collected in the lower collecting part through the large-diameter hole of the large-diameter porous plate portion based on the force,
In addition, the light specific gravity object of the large-diameter ones remains on the large-diameter perforated plate portion while receiving the lateral movement force, and is further sent to the upper side in the inclination direction to be in the upper side. It is collected in the collection section of the sorted material.

The levitation force in the large-diameter perforated plate portion is determined by the fact that the air blows through the large-diameter holes formed in the large-diameter perforated plate portion at a high wind speed, so that the levitation force in the small-diameter perforated plate portion is increased. Greater than. Therefore, among the large-diameter objects that have been laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion, the light-specific-gravity objects float by the levitation force, and may fall below the large-diameter perforated plate portion. In addition, the sorting can be performed favorably.

[0010]

Therefore, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the first characteristic configuration, small and large diameter materials are mixed in the objects to be sorted, and there is considerable variation in the particle size. Even if there is a problem, it becomes possible to separate and separate the heavy and light specific substances more effectively than before in the selection of the to-be-selected material.

[0011] Incidentally, the apertured plate is disposed in the inclined posture, and, since the vibration along the inclined angle with respect to the perforated plate is applied, according to the invention apparatus having the above first feature structure In addition to the action and effect, the sorting is positively performed in the inclined vertical direction of the perforated plate, and the selected material is sorted therefrom on the upper end side of the large-diameter perforated plate portion in the tilting direction. The operation and effect that the collection unit provided in the storage unit effectively collects the data.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the second characteristic configuration, the fine powder moving upward is effectively collected by the collection section.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the third characteristic configuration, since the collecting portion for the sorted material is provided also at the lower end side in the inclined direction of the small-diameter porous plate portion, the collecting portion is provided. This allows the perforated plate to be sorted to the lower end side in the inclination direction (especially, the one that easily rolls) is effectively sorted and collected.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention having the fourth characteristic configuration, the ratio of the large-diameter perforated plate portion in the perforated plate is smaller than the ratio of the small-diameter perforated plate portion.
The air consumption at the large-diameter perforated plate portion where the consumption air volume is relatively large can be reduced, and the total air volume passing through the holes formed in the perforated plate can be suppressed.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. More specifically, the target object (specifically, wood chip) present in the pulverized waste wood product to be sorted and foreign matter (specifically, sand or stone having a size of 0.5 mm or less,
3-5% of concrete blocks, brick debris, glass fragments, metal fragments such as nails, etc. are mixed as foreign substances), and the foreign substances are removed from the waste wood pulverized product. The sorter used to remove the chips is shown.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a perforated plate.
Specifically, a small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A in which a large number of small-diameter holes A (hole diameter: 2 to 6 mm) permitting a partial passage of the waste wood pulverized product, and a part of the waste wood pulverized product And a large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in which a large number of large-diameter holes B (hole diameter: 6 to 25 mm) are formed so as to be adjacent to each other. The perforated plate 1
Is suspended from a fixed portion 8 by a spring 2 so as to be able to vibrate freely. The perforated plate 1 is provided with the small-diameter porous material by grinding the waste wood pulverized product supplied onto the perforated plate 1 by vibrating means D. Vibration to move from the plate portion 1A side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B side is generated. Specifically, the vibration means D is integrally attached to the central portion of the perforated plate 1 and is driven to rotate to vibrate in the direction indicated by the white arrow in the figure (period: 10 to 60 Hz, amplitude: 2-5m
(vibration of m). More specifically, the perforated plate 1 is inclined such that the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A is on the lower side and the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B is on the upper side (inclination angle: 3 ° to 5 °).
°), and the vibration means D applies vibration to the perforated plate 1 along an inclination angle inclined in the same direction as the inclination direction of the inclination posture. Above the perforated plate 1, a hood 3 is fixedly disposed so as to cover the perforated plate 1 from above. still,
The hood 3 may be provided integrally with the perforated plate 1. At the top of the hood 3, there is formed a collecting section 5A capable of collecting the sorted objects guided to the upper side of the perforated plate 1, and an appropriate portion of the hood 3, more specifically, The portion of the hood 3 corresponding to the portion of the perforated plate 1 above the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A is provided with an object-to-be-sorted input section 4 for supplying the pulverized waste wood to the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A. I have. Below the perforated plate 1, a funnel-shaped member 6 whose inside also serves as a pressure chamber described below is arranged, and the bottom of the funnel-shaped member 6 is selectively guided to the lower side of the perforated plate 1. Is provided. A flow straightening plate 7a is disposed inside a side surface of the funnel-shaped member 6, and a cylindrical air introducing portion 7 for rectifying forced air from the outside of the funnel-shaped member 6 and introducing it into the funnel-shaped member 6. Is provided. And
The air introduced into the inside of the funnel-shaped member 6 via the air introduction part 7 is adjusted from the bottom of the perforated plate 1 to the top while the flow conditions are appropriately adjusted using the inside of the funnel-shaped member 6 as a pressure chamber. Is blown up toward the perforated plate 1 so as to generate a blow-up wind that passes through the small-diameter hole A at a low wind speed and the large-diameter hole B at a high wind speed. . That is, due to the combination of the funnel-shaped member 6 and the air introduction portion 7, etc., the small-diameter hole A passes through the small-diameter hole A at a low wind speed and the large-diameter hole B at a high wind speed from above to below the perforated plate 1. A ventilation means E for inducing a rising wind to be generated is configured. Further, on the upper end side of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in the perforated plate 1 in the direction of inclination, a collecting section 5C for sorted objects, which is separate from the collecting sections 5A and 5B, is provided. The ratio of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in the perforated plate 1 is set smaller than the ratio of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A . For example, the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A and the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1
The ratio with B is set to 3: 1.

Using the apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration,
When the wood chip as the target substance present in the waste wood crushed product and the foreign matter are selected and the wood chip is taken out from the waste wood crushed product, first, the waste wood crushed product to be sorted is covered. From the sorting material input section 4, the product is supplied to the small-diameter porous plate portion 1 </ b> A of the porous plate 1. The crushed waste wood product has a lateral moving force on the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A, which moves from the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B side based on the vibration by the vibration means D, A levitation force based on the wind blown up by the ventilation means E and a drop force which tries to fall downward via the small-diameter hole A against the levitation force act. Therefore, among the above-mentioned waste wood pulverized products, fine powder (in the present embodiment, wood chips or fine-grained sand, for example, sawdust or the like) mainly having a small diameter and a light specific gravity is used for the porous plate 1 based on the floating force. It is collected in the upper collecting section 5A and has a small specific gravity and specific gravity (in this embodiment, sand, stone, concrete block, brick debris, glass piece, metal piece, etc.
The small-diameter one) passes through the small-diameter hole of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A based on the drop force and is collected by the collecting part 5B below the small-diameter porous plate portion 1A, and the large-diameter one cannot pass through the small-diameter hole A. (Including light specific gravity objects) is laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B based on the lateral moving force. And also about what is fed laterally to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, the floating force and the drop force that tends to drop downward through the large-diameter hole B against the floating force act, The fine powder that has not been collected above the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A is collected by the collecting portion 5A on the upper side of the perforated plate 1 based on the levitation force, and the heavy powder among the large-diameter ones. The specific gravity (in this embodiment, sand, stone, concrete lump, brick debris, glass piece, metal piece, etc., having a large diameter) is based on the drop force, and the large-diameter hole of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B is formed. B, and is collected by the collecting portion 5B below the light collecting member 5B, and the light specific gravity object among the large-diameter objects (in the present embodiment, the wood chip which is the object to be collected) receives the lateral movement force. After remaining on the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, And Zui, will be collected is fed to the recovery section 5C. The levitation force in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B is such that the rising wind passes through the large-diameter holes B formed in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B at a high wind speed, so that the floating force in the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A increases. Greater than force. Therefore, among the large-diameter materials that have been laterally fed to the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B, particularly those with a light specific gravity float by the buoyancy force,
The sorting can be performed favorably without dropping below the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B. Further, in the present embodiment, the perforated plate 1 is arranged in the inclined position, and the perforated plate 1 is subjected to vibration along the inclination angle. Is positively performed, and the selected material is effectively collected by the collecting part 5C provided on the upper end side in the inclined direction of the large-diameter porous plate portion 1B. . Further, since the ratio of the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B in the perforated plate 1 is made smaller than the ratio of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A, the air consumption in the large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B which consumes a relatively large amount of air is reduced. Thus, the total amount of air passing through the holes formed in the perforated plate 1 can be suppressed.

Next, another embodiment will be described. [1] As shown in FIG. 2, another embodiment in which a collecting part 5D for sorted objects is provided on the lower end side of the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A in the inclined direction as shown in FIG. According to this alternative embodiment, those that easily roll on the perforated plate 1 can be effectively sorted and collected. [2] The recovery unit 5B provided below the perforated plate 1 is
A portion below the small-diameter perforated plate portion 1A and a large-diameter perforated plate portion 1B
An embodiment is also conceivable in which it is divided into a lower part and a lower part. According to this another embodiment, it is possible to separate and collect the heavy specific gravity material having a small diameter and the heavy specific gravity material among the large diameter ones. [3] In the case where only a small amount is sorted to the lower end side in the inclination direction of the perforated plate 1 and it is not necessary to collect it, as shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. Although it is not necessary to provide the collecting section 5D on the lower end side,
In the event that it becomes necessary to collect what is sorted to the lower end side in the inclined direction of the perforated plate 1, for example, a portion that can be opened when the apparatus is stopped is provided on the lower end side in the inclined direction of the small-diameter perforated plate 1A. Embodiments are also contemplated. [4] An embodiment in which the perforated plate 1 is not inclined as shown in FIG. 3 is also conceivable. In this alternative embodiment, the direction of vibration of the perforated plate 1 by the vibration means D may be appropriately set as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2 so as to generate the lateral movement force. [5] It goes without saying that the sorting object by the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the waste wood pulverized product shown in the above-mentioned embodiment. [6] Of the collecting units 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, the collecting unit used for taking out the target object may be appropriately changed depending on the sorting conditions.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 perforated plate 1A small-diameter perforated plate portion 1B large-diameter perforated plate portion 4 sorting material input section 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D recovery section A small-diameter hole B large-diameter hole D vibrating means E ventilation means

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A) formed with a large number of small-diameter holes (A) allowing partial passage of an object to be sorted, and a large-diameter hole (B) allowing partial passage of an object to be sorted. A perforated plate (1) combined with a large-diameter perforated plate portion (1B) formed with a large number of the perforated plates (1B) is provided. Ventilation means (E) for generating a blow-up wind passing through A) at a low wind speed and at a high wind speed through the large-diameter hole (B).
A sorting object input section (4) for throwing the sorting object into the small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A); and the sorting object supplied onto the perforated plate (1) is divided into the small-diameter porous plate portion (1A). Vibration means (D) for vibrating the perforated plate (1) so as to move from the 1A) side to the large-diameter perforated plate portion (1B) side is provided, and an object to be sorted on the upper surface side of the perforated plate (1) is provided. A sorting device provided with a collecting part (5C) for collecting and a collecting part (5B) for collecting the sorted material that has passed on a lower surface side of the perforated plate (1), wherein the small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A) is provided. The perforated plate (1) is arranged in an inclined position in which the position is low and the large-diameter perforated plate portion (1B) is high, and a vibration in a direction in which the perforated plate (1) is inclined more greatly than the inclination of the perforated plate (1).
Dynamic so as to impart to the apertured plate (1), wherein to configure the vibration means (D), wherein the inclination direction upper end side of the large-grain Anaban portion (1B), before
When the sorting object on the upper surface reaches the upper end side
A sorting device provided with a collecting section (5C). 2. The upper surface side above the perforated plate (1)
2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a collecting section (5A) for collecting the floated items of the sorted objects . 3. The lower end of the object to be sorted on the upper surface side is provided on the lower end side in the inclined direction of the small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A).
Sorting device according to claim 1, wherein are collecting part of which has reached the side of the (5D) provided. 4. The ratio of the large-diameter perforated plate portion (1B) in the perforated plate (1) to the small-diameter perforated plate portion (1A)
2. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio is smaller than the ratio.