JP3260804B2 - Cooling method and device for storage silo - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cooling a storage silo which can suppress a rise in grain temperature in a storage silo for storing grains and the like and which can be stored for a long period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when grain in a storage silo is stored for a long time without deteriorating quality, cooling air from a cooling device is supplied into the storage silo to cool the grain to a predetermined temperature. A method of storing in a state is known.
-43005). In this method, a large-capacity cooling device is required to cool a large amount of grains, and the storage silo needs to have an insulated structure, resulting in a problem that construction costs and operation costs increase.

Therefore, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-45887, an above-ground silo and an underground silo are provided, and when the monthly average temperature is less than 15 ° C., the silo is stored in the above-ground silo and the underground silo is cooled naturally or naturally. Cool with cold water. Then, a method is known in which when the monthly average temperature is 15 ° C. or higher, the grains in the above-ground silos are transferred to an underground silo and stored.

[0004]

However, even in such a conventional method, a ground silo and an underground silo must be separately provided, and the ground must be dug deep to provide an underground silo. . Moreover,
Since the ground has to be dug widely so as to secure a space between the ground and the underground silo, there is a problem that a large installation space is required, construction is troublesome, and construction costs increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for cooling a storage silo which simply suppresses a rise in temperature in the storage silo.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following method to solve the problem.
That is, the infiltration of heat into the silos for grain storage was measured and the
Along the at least side wall wetting the side wall of the silo as the water flows down from the top, continuously watering or watering
Intermittently, in response to invading heat, evaporating the water
The method is to keep the silo cool, and to stop watering when there is no heat intrusion.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the problem. That is, a sprinkler pipe that sprinkles water on at least the side wall of the silo for grain storage, a pump that supplies water to the sprinkler pipe, a tank that stores the water pumped by the pump, and the infiltration of heat into the silo are measured. The calorimeter and the pump are controlled, and when the intrusion of heat is detected by the calorimeter , watering is continuously performed.
Or water intermittently in response to invading heat.
Therefore, the side wall is wet, water flows down from the upper side along the side wall, and the silo is kept cool by evaporation of the water.
Further, there is provided a cooler for a storage silo, comprising a control device for stopping watering when heat does not enter.

[0008]

[Action] cold method of the storage silo, the come to have heat from entering the silo, along the at least side wall wetting the side wall of the silo as the water flows down from the top, the continuous watering
Or sprinkling water intermittently depending on the invading heat
Then, the silo is kept cool by evaporation of water. Also,
When there is no heat intrusion, stop watering and let it cool down naturally.

Further, said cold apparatus storage silo configuration, when the calorimeter measures the heat from entering the silo, the control unit controls the pump to detect the thermal penetration by calorimetry Is to spray water continuously or
Intermittently, in response to the invading heat, the side walls are wetted, water flows down from the top along the side walls, and the silos are kept cool by evaporation of the water . Also, stop watering when there is no heat intrusion

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a schematic front view and a top view, respectively, of a storage silo cool storage device that implements a storage silo cool storage method according to one embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a silo, and in this embodiment, ten silos 1 are closely arranged in two rows of five. In addition, even if the silo 1 is made of concrete,
It may be made of steel.

A tank 2 for storing water is dug below the ground beside the silo 1. A pump 4 is disposed in the tank 2, and a main water supply pipe 6 extends from the pump 4 along the side wall 1 a of the silo 1.
It is piped to the upper part of a. Furthermore, this main water pipe 6
Along the upper wall 1b of the silo 1 along the upper wall 1 of each silo 1.
It is piped in a loop so as to pass through b.

In addition, a plurality of arc-shaped watering pipes 8 are arranged in all the silos 1 along the outer periphery of the side wall 1a above the side wall 1a of the silo 1. All of the sprinkling pipes 8 and the main water supply pipe 6 are connected via electromagnetic on-off valves 10, respectively. The sprinkler pipe 8 is provided with a number of nozzle holes (not shown) toward the side wall 1 a of the silo 1.

Further, a branch pipe 12 extending toward the center of the upper wall 1b of each silo 1 is connected to the main water supply pipe 6, and the other end of the branch pipe 12 is connected to the center of the upper wall 1b at the lower side. It is open toward. This branch pipe 12 has an electromagnetic on-off valve 1
4 are interposed. At the top of each silo 1, an upper wall 1b
A gutter (not shown) for collecting water flowing out of the gutter is provided. The gutter is connected to a downspout 16 erected along the side wall 1a, and the other end of the downspout 16 is arranged to open into the tank 2. ing.

On the other hand, a drain groove 18 is formed in the ground around the silo 1 so as to surround the plurality of silos 1, and the drain groove 18 is connected to the tank 2. The electromagnetic on-off valves 10 and 14 and the pump 4 are connected to a control device 20.
2. ROM that stores control programs and data in advance
24, a read / write RAM 26 is mainly configured as a logical operation circuit, and input / output circuits 28 are connected to each other via a common bus 30 to perform input / output with the outside.

The CPU 22 inputs data from the pyranometer 32 and the outside temperature meter 34 via the input / output circuit 28, and based on these signals, programs and data in the ROM 24 and the RAM 26, the CPU 22 A control signal is output to the pump 4 and the electromagnetic on-off valves 10 and 14 via the input / output circuit 28.

The pyranometer 32 measures the amount of heat (cal / cm ² · min), which is the amount of heat passing through a unit area per unit time. The pyranometer 32 is installed at a position where it does not become a shadow. The outside air temperature meter 34 measures the outside air temperature outside the silo 1.

Next, a watering control process for implementing the method for keeping the storage silo cool according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the grain in the silo 1 increases with the passage of time, and the temperature differs between the outer periphery and the center of the silo 1. When the cereal is paddy, it is preferable to store it at a temperature of 15 ° C or lower.

Therefore, the watering operation is started before the temperature of the grain rises to 15 ° C. and from around early April when the temperature difference between the outer periphery and the center of the silo 1 widens. Then, the amount of solar radiation from the pyranometer 32 is read (step 10).
0), the external temperature from the external thermometer 34 is read (step 110).

Then, it is determined whether or not the amount of solar radiation exceeds 0.4 cal / cm ² · min (step 120). If the amount of solar radiation does not exceed this, it is determined whether or not the outside air temperature exceeds 20 ° C. Is determined (step 130). If the outside temperature has not exceeded, it is determined whether the amount of solar radiation is 0.1 cal / cm ² · min or more (step 140).

The outside air temperature is not higher than 20 ° C.
If it is less than 1 cal / cm ² · min, the pump 4 is not operated, and the solenoid valves 10 and 14 are also closed (step 150). That is, when the sun does not come out at night or the like, it is determined that there is no heat intrusion into the silo 1 from the outside, and the pump 4 is not operated. And, rather, the temperature outside is lower than the temperature inside the silo 1, and the silo 1 is cooled by natural wind or the like.

Then, the sun rises, the amount of solar radiation increases,
If it is determined by the processing in step 140 that the temperature is 0.1 cal / cm ² min or more, it is next determined whether or not the outside air temperature is 15 ° C. or higher (step 160). When the outside air temperature is less than 15 ° C., the pump 4 is not operated, and when the outside air temperature becomes 15 ° C. or more, it is determined that heat enters the silo 1 from the outside, and the pump 4 is operated at regular time intervals. The operation and stop are repeated, and the electromagnetic on-off valves 10 and 14 are opened and closed at regular time intervals (step 170).

When the pump 4 is operated, the water in the tank 2 passes through the main water supply pipe 6 and is pumped up to the upper part of the silo 1. Sprinkled on top of 1a. The amount of water spray is such that the side wall 1a forms a wet wall along which the water flows down the wet side wall 1a. In the case of concrete, a wet wall is formed when water is sprayed in an amount of 900 kg / hr per 1 m in width.

The sprinkled water flows down the side wall 1a, and the remaining evaporated water flows into the drain groove 18. Then, the water flows through the drain groove 18 and flows into the tank 2. Then, the water is again pumped into the upper part of the silo 1 through the main water supply pipe 6 by the pump 4. Water is also sprayed on the upper wall 1b of the silo 1 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 14 and the branch pipe 12. The water on the upper wall 1a is collected in a gutter (not shown), and collected in the tank 2 through the down gutter 16. Then, the water is again pumped to the upper part of the silo 1 through the water supply pipe 6 by the pump 4.

Further, every time a predetermined time elapses, the operation / stop of the pump 4 and the opening / closing of the electromagnetic on / off valves 10 and 14 are repeated, and watering is performed intermittently. The amount of water stored in the tank 2 is such that the water pumped up by the pump does not become empty until the water returns to the tank 2 via the drain 18 and the downspout 16. I just need.

In this way, the watering control process is repeatedly executed, and when the amount of solar radiation is 0.1 cal / cm ² min or more, 0.4 cal / cm ²
Intermittent watering is performed in the morning, evening, or spring when the temperature is less than min and the outside temperature is 15 ° C or more. On the other hand, as the position of the sun rises, the amount of solar radiation increases, and the outside temperature increases, such as during the daytime or summertime, when the amount of solar radiation is 0.4 cal / cm ²
n (step 120) or the outside temperature is 20 ° C
Is exceeded, it is determined that heat enters the silo 1 from the outside (step 130), the pump 4 is continuously operated, and the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 is kept open (step 18).
0).

Then, in the same manner as described above, the water in the tank 2 is pumped up, and the side wall 1a is wetted on the upper part of the side wall 1a of the silo 1 via the water sprinkling pipe 8, and the water flows down the side wall 1a and flows down. Sprinkled to form walls. This water is
The water is collected in the tank 2 through the drain 18 and is returned to the pump 4 again.
Is pumped to the upper part of the silo 1 and sprinkled.

In the same manner as described above, the electromagnetic on-off valve 14 is repeatedly opened and closed every elapse of a predetermined time, so that intermittent watering is performed on the upper wall 1b. In addition, when there is a building on the upper wall 1b of the silo 1, it is not necessary to spray water on the upper wall 1b because heat can be prevented from entering from outside through the upper wall 1b. .

In this way, by executing the processing of steps 170 and 180, the water is sprinkled and the side wall 1a is made a wet wall, so that the heat from the sun is consumed as a rise in the temperature of the water or the heat of evaporation of the water. Consumed as Therefore, intrusion of heat into the silo 1 is suppressed. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the increase in the grain temperature in the silo 1 after April is suppressed to about 15 ° C. or less regardless of the outer periphery and the center of the silo 1.

Further, the amount of solar radiation at night or the like is 0.1 cal / cm ² · mi.
When the temperature is less than n or when the outside air temperature is less than 15 ° C., it is determined that heat is radiated from the inside of the silo 1 rather than heat enters from the outside, the operation of the pump is stopped, and the silo 1 is naturally cooled. The water in the tank 2 is also naturally cooled. In this way, the cooled water is used again when the water spray control process is repeatedly executed and the processes in steps 170 and 180 are executed.

Therefore, when there is heat intrusion, water is sprinkled so as to form a wet wall, and when there is no heat intrusion, the silo 1 is naturally cooled to prevent heat from entering the silo 1 by a simple method. Can be suppressed. In the above-described embodiment, the infiltration of heat is determined by using the pyranometer 32 and the outside temperature meter 34. Instead of this, the second embodiment in which the water flow control process is executed by using a once-through calorimeter is used. Will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

The once-through calorimeter uses a thermopile or the like.
It measures the amount of heat passing through the unit area of the side wall 1a of the silo 1 per unit time. This through calorimeter is provided on the side wall 1a of the silo 1. Then, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the operation is started from about the beginning of April to execute the watering control process, and the once-through calorie of the once-through calorimeter is read (step 20).
0), when the once-through heat amount is less than ²⁰ Kcal / m ² · hr (step 210), and when the once-through heat amount is not more than 0 (step 220), the watering stops as in the process of step 150 (step 210). 230).

When the flow-through heat amount becomes 0 or more (step 220), similarly to step 170,
Water is intermittently sprinkled (step 240). On the other hand, when the flow-through heat exceeds 20 Kcal / m ² · hr,
Similarly, water is continuously sprayed on the side wall 1a.

In this case as well, as described above, the invasion of heat into the silo 1 can be suppressed by a simple method, and the amount of heat entering the silo 1 can be accurately measured. As described above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments at all, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0034]

As described above in detail, according to the method and the apparatus for keeping cool storage silos of the present invention, it is possible to easily suppress the invasion of heat into silos and to store grains for a long period of time. Play.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a storage silo cooling device in which a storage silo cooling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is performed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the cool storage device of the storage silo of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a watering control process performed by the control device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in temperature of grains in a storage silo.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a watering control process performed by the control device according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Silo 1a ... Side wall
1b… Top wall 2… Tank 4… Pump
8 ... watering pipe 10, 14 ... solenoid on-off valve 18 ... drain
20 ... Control device

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masakazu Sakano 1-1, Sanbonmatsucho, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Japan (72) Inventor Norihiro Miwa 1-68, Nishiyanagihara-cho, Tsushima-shi, Aichi Prefecture (72) Inventor Seiwa Goto 127-2, Nishikaida-muramae, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Yoshio Terabe 52, Nakakaido, Sakurai-cho, Anjo City, Aichi Prefecture (56) References JP-A-57-86221 (JP) , A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-111632 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 58-110267 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01F 25/00 A01F 25/14 A01G 9/24

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Measure the penetration of heat into a silo for grain storage.
Constant and, as the water along the at least side wall wetting the side wall of 該Sa Gray flows down from the top, continuously watering, there have
Performs watering intermittently in response to invading heat,
A method for keeping cool the storage silo, wherein the silo is kept cool by evaporating water, and watering is stopped when no heat enters. 2. A sprinkler pipe for spraying water on at least a side wall of a silo for grain storage, a pump for supplying water to the sprinkler pipe,
A tank for storing water pumped by the pump, a calorimeter for measuring the intrusion of heat into the silo, and controlling the pump to detect the intrusion of heat by the calorimeter. The watering is continuous, or watering intermittently,
A control device that performs in response to invading heat, wets the side wall, causes water to flow down from the top along the side wall, keeps the silo cool by evaporating the water, and stops watering when no heat enters. A cold storage device for a storage silo, comprising: