JP3263127B2 - Walking root crop harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a walking type harvester for root vegetables such as ginseng, radish and onion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a walking-type root crop harvesting machine, for example, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 60-89826, there is an aircraft that runs on left and right wheels and has a rear steering handle. Leaf-cut root vegetable body, comprising left and right holding and conveying belts for holding and transporting the root portion of the root vegetable in the field, pulling it out, and suspending and transporting the root portion above and behind, and a cutter for cutting the suspended and transported root vegetable leaf portion. Are known to be collected.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A walking type root crop harvesting machine of the above construction has a small body structure with a small-sized wheel running type that can be easily introduced into a small field, and is pulled out from a digging and raising. It has the advantage of realizing a simple and inexpensive harvester that can carry out processing up to transport, leaf cutting and release, but it is a machine that can harvest root vegetables with high quality, and is compact and has high performance for practical use For the performance of the harvesting work,
There was room for improvement in terms of accuracy.

That is, when the excavated root vegetables are introduced into the starting ends of the left and right sandwiching and conveying belts, the starting ends thereof become resistance, so that the leaves cannot be successfully introduced into the starting end of the conveying belt. Sometimes. In addition, the walking type agricultural work machine that travels with the left and right wheels has an advantage that a small turn is advantageous as compared with the one that travels with a crawler type traveling device, but on the other hand, the aircraft is centered on the wheel. Since the vehicle body can swing up and down, the body easily swings up and down and up and down due to unevenness of the ground through which wheels pass, and the posture tends to be unstable.

[0005] If the attitude of the machine body is unstable, the leaves of the root vegetables in the field are gripped by the left and right holding and conveying belts, pulled out, and suspended and transported rearward and upward. The holding height is not stable, and the cutting position with respect to the root vegetable main body is not constant in the subsequent leaf cutting process, so that the lengths of the leaves remaining in the root vegetable main body become uneven.

[0006] In the step of pulling the root vegetables in the field with the sandwiching and conveying belt, the root vegetable pulling reaction force acts on the starting end of the sandwiching and conveying belt. It changes every moment depending on the surrounding soil hardness, etc., and the influence causes the pinching height position of the leaf portion to change, thereby deteriorating the accuracy of the leaf cutting position. In addition, the driving force such as straightness and maneuverability deteriorates due to the root vegetable pull-out reaction force.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and realizes an important point in practical use, that is, the cutting of leaves at a fixed height to realize leaf cutting with uniform cut edges. It is a main object of the present invention to provide a small-sized root vegetable harvester capable of harvesting with high performance and accuracy and excellent in handling and handling.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems [Structure, operation and effect of the invention according to claim 1]

(Structure) The walking type root crop harvester according to the first aspect of the present invention,
On a traveling machine having wheels on the left and right and a steering handle at the rear, a leaf pulling portion of a root vegetable in a field is elastically pinched, pulled up, suspended and transported rearward and upward, and the pinch pulling transport. At the lower side of the apparatus, the nipping start end is located on the rear side of the nipping starting end of the nipping and lifting transporting apparatus, and the nipping end is closer to the lower side in the transport direction so as to be separated from the nipping and lifting transporting apparatus. , All the opposing pinching action surfaces are configured to be elastically displaceable and displaced, so that the root portion of the root vegetable body is leveled while the root portion of the root vegetable being conveyed is held from left and right and transported rearward. A transport device and a cutter that acts on the leaf portion of the root vegetable whose height has been aligned by the positioning and nipping transport device, and squeezes into the soil below the root vegetable body in the field and swings the root vegetable body. Soil Kirikuzushi body loosen standing to soil, Yes provided near the starting end of the clamping pulling conveying device,
At the beginning of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device, an introduction space that widens greatly is formed, and subsequently, a nipping introduction path that narrows at an acute angle to the rear is continuously provided. On the side, the left and right ascending position regulating guides are disposed facing each other with a gap therebetween, and the holding action surface of the holding / pulling-up conveyance device is set to the entire area of the upper and lower widths, and the upper and lower width of the working surface is set to the holding action surface of the alignment holding conveyance device. , That is, the vertical width of the pinching action surface of the alignment nipping and conveying device is smaller than the vertical width of the pinching action surface of the nipping and pulling transport device.

(Action) According to the above configuration, when the body is advanced by walking operation from the rear part of the body, the root vegetables in the field are lifted upward with the leaves being nipped by the nipping and pulling and conveying device, and are raised rearward and upward. It is suspended and transported.
In this case, the soil breaker provided near the starting end of the nipping and pulling and conveying device swings and cuts the soil at the bottom of the root vegetable body in the field, loosens the soil at the bottom of the root vegetable body to be lifted, and softens the soil and root vegetables. Floating root vegetables that lift the root vegetables by separating the root vegetables are lifted up with low resistance by the nipping and lifting transport device. Accordingly, the root vegetable pulling reaction force acting downward at the start end of the nipping / pulling / up conveying device is relatively small.

In addition, even if the rooting condition of root vegetables and the hardness of the local soil at the place where the root vegetables are planted change, the soil at the bottom of the root vegetable main body is loosened, and Since the root vegetables are separated and the root vegetables are floated, the leaves are pinched and pulled out, so the pulling resistance of the root vegetables is relatively stable,
Variations in the lifting reaction force acting on the starting end of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device eliminates the adverse effects such as the leaves slipping down and pinching and transporting the leaf tip side, and the leaves are stably held at a fixed height from the root vegetable body. The portion can be nipped and conveyed.
In addition, it is less likely that the body attitude changes due to the fluctuation of the lifting reaction force acting on the starting end of the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device.

[0012] The nipping / pulling / conveying device has a structure in which an introduction space is formed at the start end of the nipping / pulling / conveying device, which widens greatly forward, and is followed by an introductory introduction passage for narrowing at an acute angle. When the leaf portion of the root crop starts to be pinched at the beginning of the leaf, even if the leaf portion is expanded, the leaf portion is guided without largely coming off into the introduction space that has widened forward, and the leaf portion is squeezed in the subsequent introduction route for clamping. In rare cases, the guide is smoothly and smoothly held between the right and left holding portions of the holding / pulling-up / conveying device, and is securely held.

The root portion of the root vegetable that is nipped by the nipping and pulling and conveying device and conveyed rearward and upward is guided to the positioning and nipping and conveying device in a stable state after the start of nipping and pulling.

Since the left and right ascending position regulating guides are opposed to each other with a gap at the start end of the positioning / nipping / conveying device, the leaves of the root vegetables are caused to vibrate or swing during the nipping / conveying by the nipping / pulling / conveying device. Even if the position is slightly shifted left and right, the guide is smoothly introduced between the left and right ascending position regulating guides facing each other with a gap.

During the rearward transfer by the nipping / pulling-up conveyance device and the alignment nipping / conveying device, the opposing nipping action surfaces of the alignment nipping / transporting device can be elastically displaced in any nipping region in the conveying direction. Even when the amount of leaves is small, the opposing clamping action surface guides the leaves properly, and when the amount of leaves is large, the clamping action surface retreats elastically and causes clogging etc. The leaves are smoothly moved backward while allowing the leaves to move up smoothly, and the height of the root vegetable body is made uniform.

The holding action surface of the holding / pulling-up / conveying device is made to be the entire area of the vertical width, and the vertical width of the working surface is made larger than the vertical width of the holding action surface of the positioning / holding / conveying device. By making the vertical width of the pinching action surface of the device smaller than the vertical width of the pinching action surface of the pinch pulling and conveying device, the leaf portion is elastically pinched and conveyed by the pinching pulling transport device and the alignment pinching transport device. , While securing the gripping force of the nip-pulling-up / transporting device at the upper part of the leaf and ensuring the nip-conveying, the leaves are moved upward with respect to the aligning nip-transporting device with less resistance in the transporting process, reaching the upper limit. The leaf portion moves relatively downward with respect to the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device due to the upper-limit regulating resistance of the positioning / nipping / conveying device, and the height of the root vegetable main body is quickly and accurately adjusted in a short backward conveying stroke. Then, the leaf is cut at a predetermined position by a cutter in a state where the height is secured, and the root vegetable body with the cut leaf is dropped and collected.

(Effect) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the soil at the bottom of the root vegetable main body is loosened to separate the soil and the root vegetable so that the root vegetable is floated. The leaf is introduced into the clamping part using the clamping introduction path that narrows to the rear at an acute angle, and the leaf is securely clamped and pulled out. The resistance to pulling up from the field is small and stable, so that the posture of the aircraft changes due to the effect of the pulling-up reaction, or the leaves are slipped down from the holding portion, the leaves are shredded, etc. The leaf portion can be held at a fixed height from the root vegetable main body by the holding / pulling-up / conveying device and conveyed. In a state where the holding height position is relatively stable, the holding position is accurately held and pulled up, and is introduced into the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions which are arranged opposite to each other with a gap therebetween. This facilitates the introduction of the leaves, and is effective in appropriately performing the subsequent alignment operation.

In the process of adjusting the height of the root vegetable main body by the positioning and nipping and conveying device, the left and right working surfaces capable of elastically retreating and displacing the leaves are irrespective of the amount of the leaves. While the leaf part moves up smoothly, preventing clogging etc., it is elastically nipped and transported by the nipping pulling transport device and the alignment nipping transport device, and maintaining a good posture for transporting root vegetables It is performed quickly, and the upper and lower widths of the nipping action surfaces of the nipping and lifting conveyance device and the aligning nipping and conveying device are made different. Alignment of the leaves in the conveying process while ensuring the gripping force of the nipping / pulling / conveying device and ensuring the nipping / conveying upward and backward, making it larger than the vertical width of the nipping action surface of the aligning / nipping and conveying device. On , And, since the smooth downward movement for clamping the pulling conveying device quickly can be maintained high height alignment accuracy root body, it can be higher subsequent cutting height accuracy.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an overall side view of a walking type root crop harvester according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a plan view of its front part. Cutter 3, a recovery unit 4, a traveling wheel 5, a steering wheel 6, and an engine E.

The pull-out unit 1 is provided with a pair of left and right weeding tools 7 and 7 as a leaf pre-processing device for raising the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field at the front end of the fuselage. It has a structure in which a nipping / pulling-up / conveying device 9 is provided over the three cutters. , And the entire area of the upper and lower widths is used as the pinching action surface. In the vicinity of the start end of the nipping / pulling-up / conveying device 9, there is provided a crushing body 8 which penetrates into the soil below the root vegetable main body Wa and releases the soil by swinging.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is composed of the above-described nipping / pulling-up / conveying device 9 and a positioning / nipping / nipping / conveying device A arranged below the latter half thereof. The leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W is moved right and left ascending position regulating guide portion 12.
The upper portion of the leaf portion Wb is pinched and conveyed by the pair of conveying belts 11 of the pinch-pulling-up / conveying device 9 while being guided in between, so that the root vegetables W sent from the pull-out portion 1 are suspended and directed rearward and upward. It has a function to transport.

As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, the ascending position regulating guide 12
Chain 15 equipped with rollers 14 rotatable around it
It is composed of Here, the roller 14 has a spring 16
Is attached to the chain link 13 in a state where an urging force is applied toward the guide route side of the leaf portion Wb, and the leaf portion Wb of the root vegetable W is opposed to the nipping action surfaces of the left and right ascending position regulating guide portions 12, that is, left and right. Of the pair of right and left conveyor belts 11 of the pinch pull-up conveyor 9 is subjected to a rear conveyance force which is elastically nipped by the peripheral surfaces of the rollers 14 facing each other. It is made smaller and the transport speed is almost the same as the speed by the transport belt 11. Then, as shown in FIG.
, And the vertical interval between the nipping / pulling / conveying device 9 and the positioning / nipping / nipping / conveying device A becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveying direction.

The pair of left and right ascending position regulating guides 12 are arranged such that a left-right gap S of a predetermined distance exists between the left and right rollers 14 in a free state in which the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W are not sandwiched. In addition, a gap adjusting mechanism L for changing the size of the gap S in the left-right direction is provided at the rear of the ascending position regulating guide section 12. That is, a chain guide 18 having a U-shaped cross section for guiding the movement path of each chain 15 and a front and rear set bolt 18
The size of the gap S can be changed and set by adjusting the left and right positions by the long holes 18a and b.

As shown in FIG.
On the inner periphery of each of the left and right conveyor belts 11, a number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing them toward the conveyance path side to generate a pinching force of the leaf Wb are pressed, and are aligned and pinched from the front end. The front part 1 of the conveyor belt up to the start end of the conveyor A
In 1a, the strength of the spring 10a acting on the rolling wheel 17 is set so that a strong pinching force enough to pull out the underground root vegetables W is set, and in the rear conveyor belt rear portion 11b on the rear side, The clamping force is at the front of the conveyor belt 11
The spring 10b, which is thinner than the spring 10a, is employed so as to be weaker than the holding force at the point a. In addition, an introduction space C is formed at the start end of each of the left and right conveyor belts 11, which widens greatly forward, and, subsequently, a nipping introduction path narrowing rearward at an acute angle is continuously provided.

At the rear position of the positioning / nipping / conveying apparatus A,
A rotary cutter 3 for cutting off the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W is arranged, and a cutter is provided at a position above the positioning / nipping / conveying device A to hold the leaf Wb of the root vegetable W whose height is aligned. 3 is provided.

The collecting section 4 is composed of a chute 4A for guiding and discharging the root vegetable body Wa that has been subjected to the leaf cutting process and falling to the lateral side of the machine body, and a guide plate 4B for guiding the cut leaf portion Wb to the rear of the machine body. Have been.

The main operation of the harvesting operation will be described. With the advance of the machine body, first, the leaves Wb of the root vegetables W in the field are raised by a weeding tool 7 as a leaf pre-processing device, and the nipping / pulling-up / carrying device is moved. After being guided to the introduction space C which widens greatly at the start end of No. 9, it is guided between the left and right transport belt front portions 11 a via the sandwiching introduction path which narrows rearward at an acute angle. The leaf portion Wb is nipped by the left and right conveyor belt front portions 11a with a strong clamping force and lifted upward and rearward, so that the root vegetables W are pulled up from the field, and subsequently, the conveyor belt rear portion 11 in the nipping and pulling and conveying device 9 continues.
b and the positioning / nipping / conveying device A both convey it upward and backward. At this time, since the distance between the nipping / pulling-up transporting device 9 and the alignment nipping / transporting device A is increased toward the downstream side of the transporting, the root vegetable body Wa to be transported gradually approaches the lower surface of the alignment nipping / transporting device A, The upper surface of the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into contact with the roller 14 of the ascending position regulating guide portion 12 to be guided. Then, after that, due to the weak clamping force of the rear portion 11b of the conveyor belt, the rearward conveying force is reduced to the root vegetable W.
At the end of the conveyor belt 11, the root vegetable main body Wa is brought into a state in which the heights of the root vegetable main body Wa are aligned by the rollers 14 of the ascending position regulating guide 12. In this state, the root vegetables W are supplied and guided to the cutter 3 while securing the aligned height by the leaf cutting and holding device B.

In the above embodiment, the first half of the picking / pulling / up conveying device 9 for raising the root vegetables W and the rear half of aligning the height of the root vegetable body Wa in cooperation with the positioning / nipping / conveying device A are continuous. Although the transport belt 11 is composed of a single transport belt, the front half and the rear half of the nipping / pulling-up transport device 9 may be composed of transport belts having different configurations.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[Figure 1] Overall side view of root crop harvester

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the whole root crop harvester.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the rear part of the alignment holding and conveying device.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of a transfer device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of a guide member.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the nipping / pulling / up conveyance device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 5 wheel 6 steering handle 8 crushing body 9 gripping pulling and conveying device 12 ascending position regulating guide portion A alignment holding and conveying device C introduction space S gap W root vegetable Wa root vegetable body Wb leaf part

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vehicle having left and right wheels (5) and a rear part.
A traveling aircraft with a steering wheel (6)
The leaf (Wb) of the root vegetable (W) is elastically held and pulled up
Pulling and lifting transport device that is suspended and transported upward and backward
(9) and the nipping and lifting transport device (9) below the nipping and lifting transport device (9).
The clamping start end is located on the rear side of the clamping start end of the feeding device (9).
To the lower side in the transport direction.
Installed so as to be separated from the nipping and lifting conveyance device (9)
Also, all the opposing clamping surfaces can be elastically retracted.
Leaves of root vegetables (W) that are suspended and conveyed
Root vegetable while holding (Wb) from left and right and transporting it backward
Positioning nipping and conveying device (A) for aligning the height of the body (Wa)
And the roots of which the heights are aligned by this alignment holding and conveying device (A).
The cutter (3) acting on the leaves (Wb) of the greens (W)
Prepare and swing into the soil below the root vegetable body (Wa) in the field
The soil removal where the root vegetable body (Wa) exists
The collapsed body (8) is moved to the starting end of the nipping / pulling / up conveying device (9).
Near the beginning of the holding / pulling-up / conveying device (9).
While forming the expanded introduction space (C),
Successively, a continuous introduction path for pinching that narrows at the rear at an acute angle
And at least the starting end side of the alignment holding and conveying device (A).
Is a gap (S) between the left and right ascending position regulating guides (12).
And the pinching action surface of the pinching pulling and conveying device (9) is vertically
Aligning the upper and lower width of the working surface as the entire area
Make it larger than the vertical width of the pinching action surface of the device (A).
And the vertical width of the clamping action surface of the alignment clamping transport device.
The upper and lower widths of the holding action surface of the holding / lifting and conveying device (9).
A walking-type root crop harvester that has been made smaller.