JP3264709B2 - Greening basic construction method using buried sheets - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening foundation method for promoting the introduction of plants into sandy terrain such as dunes and deserts where greening is difficult.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When plants are introduced into dunes or deserts with poor water retention, a method of applying a thick layer of soil or continuously supplying water with a sprinkler or the like is generally employed. However, these methods are very costly and cannot be expected to have a corresponding effect on greening of vast deserts.In addition, in the deserts of tropical and arid regions, the evaporation of supplied water is remarkable, and the obstacles due to salt accumulation are large. This can lead to more barren land.

[0003] Water supply treatments such as ridge irrigation and drip irrigation are also used for revegetation of dunes and the like. However, if these methods are carried out for a long period of time, the same obstacles as described above due to salt accumulation occur, and on the contrary to revegetation. On the other hand, it is the present situation that may become barren land.

[0004] Further, a method of covering the ground surface with a multi-film or the like to prevent drying is conceivable. However, in a sand dune or a desert, particularly a desert in a tropical dry land, the sand itself has good air permeability.
Simply covering the sandy surface with a multi-film commonly used in agriculture does not provide heat insulation, so the film is immersed in high-temperature hot water, the ground temperature rises to 80 ° C, and the plants cause physiological disorders. Rather, water evaporation increases significantly. In addition, this method has a drawback that rainwater and irrigation water run off, and salts accumulate in the lower part of the film.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above.
It aims to develop a very effective greening foundation method for greening dunes and deserts, which prevents water from evaporating from the ground surface and is intended to be consumed only through the body of plants Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel method of maintaining the effect for a long period without salt accumulation.

[0006]

As a result of diligent research to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a water-blocking property for blocking the rise of capillary water and preventing the evaporation of water from the ground surface, and has an excellent heat insulating property. Sheet ( Moisture barrier film on organic mat
Facilities resin Koti ring to what was laminated or organic matting
A water blocking film is formed in the sand, and through holes are opened in this sheet at appropriate intervals mainly at locations where plants are grown, and seeds are attached to the through holes or seeded. Or even planting seedlings, they found that sandy areas with poor water retention, such as dunes and deserts, were very effectively greened.

That is, the present invention is formed as described above.
In addition, in the sheet having heat insulation and moisture blocking properties, a through hole that becomes a plant growth position is opened at an appropriate interval, and the sheeting is buried in a sandy ground. Also, if a V-shaped bent portion or an inverted conical concave portion is provided on this sheet and a through hole is provided at the lower end, water can be collected and permeated into the ground, so that less water can be used for plants. As well as being easy to use, even if there is a through hole, it will be a buried shape suitable for suppressing the rise of moisture from the ground, if seeds are previously attached to this through hole or sowing or planting seedlings Very suitable ,
Do etc. It's has become known for.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing one embodiment of the method of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in the present invention, for example, a sheet (1) which is bent in a V-shape at the center along the lengthwise direction and which is buried in a sand (s) in a band shape at appropriate intervals. It has become. The depth of embedding of the sheet (1) is appropriately about 3 to 10 cm at the shallowest, and the deepest part of the V-shaped bent portion is about 15 to 30 cm.

Then, through holes (2) are opened at appropriate intervals at the lower end of the V-shaped bent portion of the sheet (1). The through-hole (2) is provided mainly for growing plants at this position. The through-hole (2) is sowed like a seed (t), or a seedling is planted. is there. The size of the through-hole (2) may be determined according to the type and purpose of the plant. A small-diameter (1 to 5 cm) hole is densely opened for sowing, and large for a seedling. Those having a diameter (5 to 30 cm) are roughly provided.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this figure, an inverted conical concave portion (3) is provided at an appropriate interval in a sheet (1) which is flatly constructed.
And a through hole (2) is formed at the lower end of the concave portion (3).
Are open. The size of the through hole (2) may be appropriately determined according to the purpose as described above.

Also, as shown in the left part of FIG.
The seeds (t) may be previously attached to the seedlings, or the seedlings (n) may be planted as shown in the right part of FIG. In addition, a fertilizer, a water retention material, and the like can be attached to the seed (t) together with the seed or separately from the seed.

The sheet (1) in the present invention is obtained by attaching a moisture barrier film to an organic mat having a thickness of, for example, 3 to 10 mm.
Apply resin coating to the combined or organic mat
And the like having a moisture barrier film formed thereon , which has a moisture barrier property, blocks rise in capillary water, prevents moisture under the sheet (1) from evaporating from the ground surface, and has heat insulation properties. This prevents excessive heating and cooling from the ground from being transmitted to the ground.

Therefore, most of the water below the sheet (1) is consumed only by the seed (t) and the seedling (n) in the through-hole (2) where the plant is grown. When the sheet (1) is buried at intervals in a band shape, rainfall or supplied irrigation permeates downward from this interval and moves downward under the sheet (1).

Also, rainwater or irrigation water supplied above the sheet (1) concentrates toward the through-hole (2) because the through-hole (2) is at the lower end of the recess (3) or the like. Therefore, the through-hole (2) may be left open at an appropriate ratio without being sowed or seedling-filled in all of the through-hole (2). In the case where the through-hole (2) that is left open in this way is left, a suitable result can be obtained even if the sheet (1) is buried without any gap.

As described above, the water permeated below the sheet (1) is prevented from evaporating by the water barrier property of the sheet (1), and is prevented from drying, so that the water retention under the sheet (1) can be obtained for a long time. It is. This water is used for the seed (t) attached or sowed in the through-hole (2) or the planted seedling (n), and moves upward through the sheet (1) only through the inside of the plant, and the sheet (1) Most of the water below is used effectively.

As a method of embedding the sheet (1), for example, a corrugated shape is formed on a sandy ground by a bulldozer, and the bottom of each valley and the lowermost portion provided with the through hole (2) of the corrugated sheet coincide with each other. Thus, the sheet (1) is laid, sowing or seedling planting is performed on the through-hole (2), and the sand is returned thereon to fill the sheet (1) to a certain thickness. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, the sheet (1) may be laid on the flat original ground indicated by the broken line, and then the sand on both sides may be covered with soil as indicated by the arrow and buried.

The sheet (1) in the present invention is obtained by laminating a water-blocking film on an organic mat having a heat insulating effect.
Apply a resin coating to the mat to provide a moisture barrier film
The thickness of the formed sheet is suitably about 3 to 10 mm. The sheet (1) prevents the rise of soil temperature at the lower part, secures the soil temperature at which plants can grow, and prevents the rising capillary water. It shuts off and prevents evaporation of water from the ground surface, thus securing water in the ground. It is also possible to use corrugated cardboard as the sheet (1), although it is somewhat less effective.

The sheet (1) is obtained by laminating an organic mat (thickness: 3 to 10 mm) such as peat moss with a moisture-blocking film, or by applying a resin coating to the organic mat to form a moisture-blocking film. Is suitable for adhesion of seeds, fertilizers, etc., and the sheet (1) itself has water retention, so that very excellent results can be obtained.

The above-mentioned organic mat such as peat moss is particularly effective when cultivating crops.
The reason for this is that the laminated film or coated film is thin and deteriorates quickly and does not hinder cultivation. Of course, this organic mat will be formed into soil in the future.

The sheet (1) in the present invention is not limited to the sheet shape shown in FIGS.
The sheet may be a simple flat sheet as described above, or V-shaped grooves perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be provided at appropriate intervals, and two to four through holes (2) may be opened in these grooves. Alternatively, the sheet (1) may be provided with the inverted conical concave portion (3) provided not only in a straight line but also in a zigzag pattern or any other pattern.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Reference Example 1 Through-holes having a diameter of 2 cm were opened at intervals of 15 cm in the center of a long sheet of foamed polyurethane having a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 60 cm. This sheet was bent at the center along the through-hole position so as to form a V-shape, and laid on sand so that the embedding depth was 25 cm at the bottom and 3 cm at the top.

Then, seeds of Fusa acacia were sown at a through hole located along the lowermost portion laid in a V-shape, and sand was covered from above.

Thereafter, water is sprayed every three days (about 2 liters /
m ² ) to grow plants. As a result, it was confirmed that germination and growth of plants were extremely good even with the above-mentioned small water supply, and that the method was very excellent as a method for greening sandy land.

Example 1 An organic mat made of peat moss, 3 mm thick and 90 cm wide,
A coating film of acrylic resin having a thickness of 5μ is formed by spray coating, and an inverted conical concave portion (diameter of the uppermost portion is 20 cm, 50 cm at the center of the sheet) at 50 cm intervals.
A depth of 15 cm) was provided, and a through hole having a diameter of 7 cm was opened at the center of the concave portion.

Potted seedlings were planted in the through holes while embedding this sheet in a sandy ground at a depth of 5 cm and a sheet interval of 70 cm. Then, water was sprayed once every three days in the same manner as in Reference Example 1. As a result, it was recognized that seedlings were very well grown even with a small amount of water supply, and were extremely excellent as a basic greening method.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 2 In a laboratory experiment, the effect of preventing moisture evaporation of various sheets was compared by the following method. Each sheet was buried horizontally at a depth of 5 cm in sand saturated with water, and the electrical resistance value of the sand above and below each sheet was measured over time. Table 1 shows the results.

[0027]

[Table 1]

The various sheets in Table 1 are as follows. Water-permeable sheet section: 3 mm thick peat moss mat Cardboard sheet section: 3 mm thick corrugated cardboard Air cap sheet section: cushioning sheet for packing Foamed polyurethane sheet section: 3 mm thick foamed polyurethane sheet

According to Table 1, the cardboard sheet section, the air cap sheet section, and the foamed polyurethane sheet section are 3
Even after a period of months, it was determined that the lower part of the sheet had sufficient conductivity and that considerable moisture remained. However, in the water-permeable sheet section and the non-sheet section, there was no conductivity after two months, and it was recognized that moisture had evaporated.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 3 A plant growth test was actually conducted on each sheet section of Reference Example 2 as follows. Each sheet of 30 cm square is buried horizontally in sand at a depth of 5 cm.
A through-hole of cm was opened, and seeds of Fusa acacia subjected to germination promotion treatment were sown. Sandy areas are initially water saturated,
After that, spray 2 liters once every three days,
Watering was stopped on the fourth day.

When the germination and growth of the seeds were observed along with the number of elapsed days, the following findings were obtained. (A) In the non-seat plot, the survival rate began to decrease from the 28th day, and became 0 on the 75th day. (B) In the water-permeable sheet section, the survival rate started to decrease from the 40th day, and then the survival rate rapidly deteriorated, and the survival rate became 0 on the same 75th day. (C) In the corrugated cardboard sheet section, the survival rate began to decrease from the 60th day, and the survival rate became 0 on the 82nd day.

(D) In the air cap sheet section, the survival rate started to decrease from around the 70th day, but the drop rate was low, and the survival rate was about 6 on the 90th day.
It had a 0% survival rate. (E) In the foamed polyurethane sheet section, the survival rate slightly decreased from around the 70th day, but the drop rate was extremely small and was 9%.
On day 0, it still had about 80% survival. From these results, the most well-foamed polyurethane sheet, then well air cap sheet, a sheet of corrugated cardboard was able to determine that the slightly inferior.

[0033]

The present invention is as described above, and its effects are as follows. (A) The buried sheet has a water-blocking property, so that it blocks capillary water rising in the sand and prevents evaporation of water from the ground surface. (B) Therefore, there is no salt accumulation, and the water retention under the sheet is maintained for a long time.

(C) The through-hole provided in the sheet is a position for growing a plant, and the water under the sheet is consumed only through the body of the plant for attaching seeds, sowing, and planting seedlings.
Moisture can be used effectively to the maximum. (D) Further, since this sheet has heat insulating properties, it is possible to maintain the temperature of the sandy ground at an appropriate temperature.

(E) Since the through-hole is provided at the lowermost end of the V-shaped portion or the inverted conical concave portion, the water content of rainfall and water supply is concentrated, and the water content from above the sheet is easily used for growing plants. Utilizing organic mat as (f) sheet, water retention, cultivation property is improved, and because the future soil of, a very effective. As described above, the present invention has an extremely excellent effect, and exhibits extremely excellent utility as a basic construction method for greening sand lands such as dunes and deserts.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention when viewed from the front of a seat.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the method of the present invention as viewed from the side of a seat.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing one example of a sheet embedding method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Sheet (2) Through-hole (3) Recess (s) Sand (t) Seed (n) Sapling

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-236720 (JP, A) JP-A-59-183629 (JP, A) JP-A-3-290524 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 1/00 301 A01G 7/00 602

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A moisture barrier film is stuck on an organic mat.
Combined or resin coating on the organic mat
A sheet having heat insulation and moisture barrier properties , which is formed by applying a water-blocking film to the substrate, by opening through holes at appropriate intervals where the plant grows, and embedding this sheet in sand. A greening foundation method using buried sheets. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sheet is provided with a V-shaped bent portion or an inverted conical concave portion. 3. The greening foundation method using a buried sheet according to claim 2, wherein a through hole is opened at a lower end of the bent portion or the concave portion. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more kinds selected from seeds, fertilizers and water retention materials are attached to the sheet in advance. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the attachment of the seed is at a position of a through hole.
Greening basic construction method using the buried sheet described. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein seeding or planting a seedling is performed at a position of the through hole of the sheet after the sheet is buried.