JP3283178B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to an exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator in which waste heat from another device is effectively used as a part of its heat source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hot water or low-pressure steam at about 30 ° C. to 120 ° C. is generated from a cogeneration system or the like. An absorption refrigerator has been developed in which such a heat source is used effectively. In this absorption refrigerator, the heat source is used as efficiently as possible.
It is necessary to prevent the solution from crystallizing in the absorption refrigerator piping.

[0003]

One of the present applicants has previously proposed such a waste heat input type absorption refrigerator (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-73428). The operation of the absorption refrigerator will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, the directions of the flows of the cold water, the cooling water, the refrigerant, and the solution are indicated by arrows. The evaporator 1 is maintained at about 1/100 atm. In this, the refrigerant 2 (water) is sprayed by the refrigerant pump 3 provided on the refrigerant pipe 13 onto the evaporator heat transfer tube 4 through which cold water flows. In this case, the cooling water is deprived of heat and evaporated to produce a cooling effect. The evaporated refrigerant vapor flows into the absorber 5 maintained at a low pressure by the cooling water, and is absorbed by the aqueous solution of lithium bromide sprayed on the heat transfer tube 6 of the absorber, whereby the aqueous solution of lithium bromide is diluted. The dilute solution passes through a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and a heat source heat exchanger 8 by a solution pump 7 provided in a dilute solution pipe 14, and partly passes through a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 18 and a high-temperature regenerator 9.
And the rest is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 10.

In the high-temperature regenerator 9, a direct heat source 1 such as a burner is used.
The concentrated solution is heated by 1 and separated into a vapor and a concentrated solution. Sprayed. In the low-temperature regenerator 10, the dilute solution is heated by the steam generated in the high-temperature regenerator 9 to be separated into a vapor and a concentrated solution.
Is sprayed onto the absorber heat transfer tube 6 in the absorber 5 by the concentrated solution pipe 15. On the other hand, the solution that has been heated by the low-temperature regenerator 10 and condensed is led to the condenser 12. The refrigerant vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator 10 is condensed in the condenser 12. The condensed refrigerant (liquid refrigerant) thus produced is guided to the evaporator 1 via the condensed refrigerant pipe 16, and is sprayed to make a cycle.

[0005] In such a waste heat input type absorption refrigerator, particularly when waste heat is input during suspension of freezing, the solution coming from the solution pump is concentrated, and crystals are easily formed in the piping.
As a conventional method for dissolving and removing crystals generated in such a pipe, there has been a method in which a U-shaped seal pipe is provided in association with a solution line of an absorbent. This U-shaped sealing pipe is a bypass for solute crystals generated in the absorbent solution line when clogging occurs. A device for removing the crystals by flowing a high-temperature solution from the generator to the absorbent solution line. (Akiichi Takada, Absorption refrigerator and heat pump, No. 45
page).

However, in this method, it takes several hours and sometimes several days to dissolve the generated solute crystals, during which time the capacity of the absorption refrigerator decreases, and in some cases, refrigeration becomes completely impossible. There was a problem.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator that prevents crystallization of a solute without removing generated solute crystals.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention is an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a high temperature solution. A heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system operatively connecting them; and a rare medium containing the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger. In an absorption refrigerator in which a solution line is provided with a heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heating source outside the absorption refrigerator and a dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line. The gist is that the paths of the dilute solution pipes on the inlet side and the outlet side connected to the heat source heat exchanger are formed below the heat source heat exchanger.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature solution are provided. A heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system operatively connecting them; and a rare medium containing the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger. In an absorption refrigerator in which a solution line is provided with a heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heating source outside the absorption refrigerator and a dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line. The paths of the dilute solution pipes on the inlet and outlet sides connected to the heat source heat exchanger are formed in a U-shape.

Further, in a third aspect of the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the present invention provides an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a high temperature solution heat exchanger, A low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system for operatively coupling these, and a dilute solution line of an absorbent including the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger, An absorption refrigerator in which a heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heat source outside the absorption refrigerator and a dilute solution flowing in the dilute solution line is provided. Heat exchanger, the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger are integrally formed, and the heat source heat exchanger is positioned higher than the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger. It is provided in.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Since the present invention has the above-described structure, the solution in the heat source heat exchanger is heated due to a malfunction of a heat source outside the absorption refrigerator while the absorption refrigerator is stopped. Even when steam is generated, the steam does not flow out of the heat source heat exchanger due to the solution column in the pipe. Therefore, excessive concentration of the solution can be prevented. Thus, crystallization of the solute can be prevented. If the pipe from the exhaust heat source to the heat source heat exchanger 8 is closed using a valve or the like, the solution will not be concentrated, but the use of exhaust heat will be reduced.

An embodiment of the first invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. All the reference numerals in FIG. 1 represent the same parts as the corresponding reference numerals in FIG. 7, and the basic operation is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-73.
The operation of the device described in 428 is the same. The feature of the first invention is that in FIG. 1, the path of the dilute solution pipes 19 and 20 extending from the heat source heat exchanger 8 is formed below the heat source heat exchanger 8. . The operation of the embodiment having such a configuration will be described. Even if the solution in the heat source heat exchanger 8 is warmed due to a malfunction of the exhaust heat source while the absorption refrigerator is stopped and steam is generated, the rare gas connected to the heat source heat exchanger 8 is not affected. Since the solution pipes 19 and 20 are formed below the heat source heat exchanger 8, the generated steam causes the dilute solution pipes 19 and 20 to flow.
Does not flow out of the heat source heat exchanger 8 due to the above-mentioned solution liquid column. Therefore, when the pressure of the vapor accumulated in the pipe reaches the saturation pressure, no more evaporation occurs thereafter,
Since the solution in the heat source heat exchanger 8 is not concentrated,
Crystallization can be prevented beforehand.

Next, another embodiment of the first invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing another example of a refrigeration cycle of a general exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator. In the figure, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts. The example shown in FIG. 2 is different from the example shown in FIG. 1 in the method of circulating the aqueous lithium bromide solution. That is, the total amount of the diluted solution diluted by the absorber 5 passes through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 17, the heat source heat exchanger 8, and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 18 by the solution pump 7 provided in the diluted solution pipe 14. After being led to the high-temperature regenerator 9 and concentrated, it is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 10 through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 18 and further concentrated.
After passing through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 17, it is sprayed onto the absorber heat transfer tube 6 in the absorber 5 by the concentrated solution pipe 15. The operation of each part and the configuration and operation of the characteristic part of the invention are the same as those described with reference to FIG.

Next, an embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of an exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator similar to FIG. In the figure, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and the operation of each part is the same as that described in FIG. A feature of the second invention is that the paths of the dilute solution pipes 21 and 22 connected to the heat source heat exchanger 8 in FIG. 3 are formed in a U-shape. The operation of the embodiment having such a configuration will be described.
The heat source heat exchanger 8 as in the embodiment shown in FIG.
Is generated, the diluted solution pipes 21 and 22 serve as a liquid seal, and the generated steam does not flow out of the heat source heat exchanger 8. Therefore, the solution in the heat source heat exchanger 8 is not concentrated, so that crystallization can be prevented.

Next, another embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of an exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator similar to FIG. In the figure, portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate equivalent portions, and the operation of each portion is the same as that described in FIG. Further, the configuration and operation of the features of the invention are the same as those described with reference to FIG.

Next, an embodiment of the third invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of the exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator similar to FIG. In the figure, portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate equivalent portions, and the operation of each portion is the same as that described in FIG. The feature of the third invention is shown in FIG.
In this case, the heat source heat exchanger 8 is formed integrally with the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 18 and is provided at a position higher than them. The operation of the embodiment having such a configuration will be described. When water vapor is generated in the heat source heat exchanger 8 as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 17 and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 18
However, the generated steam does not flow out of the heat source heat exchanger 8. Therefore, the solution in the heat source heat exchanger 8 is not concentrated, so that crystallization can be prevented.

Next, another embodiment of the third invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle of an exhaust heat input type absorption refrigerator similar to FIG. In the figure, portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate equivalent portions, and the operation of each portion is the same as that described in FIG. The configuration and operation of the characteristic portions of the invention are the same as those described with reference to FIG.

[0018]

According to the absorption refrigerator of the present invention, the concentration of the solution can be prevented with a simple piping structure, so that the crystallization of the solute can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the third invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the third invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment described in the earlier patent application.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evaporator 3 Refrigerant pump 5 Absorber 7 Solution pump 8 Heat exchanger for heat sources 9 High temperature regenerator 10 Low temperature regenerator 12 Condenser 17 Low temperature solution heat exchanger 18 High temperature solution heat exchanger 19, 20, 21, 22 Rare Solution piping

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yumi Takeuchi 2-425-702, Mihashi, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture (72) Inventor Masahiro Oka 7-14-7, Minamikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Masaru Edera Tokyo 7-10-4-209 Hanahata, Adachi-ku, Tokyo (56) References JP-A-7-218017 (JP, A) JP-A-5-280823 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 2-147766 (JP, U) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 15/00 303

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] An evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high-temperature regenerator,
A low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system for operatively connecting these; and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger A heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heat source outside the absorption refrigerator and the dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line is interposed in the dilute solution line of the absorbent containing In the absorption refrigerator, the path of the dilute solution pipe on the inlet side and the outlet side connected to the heat source heat exchanger is formed below the heat source heat exchanger. Absorption refrigerator. 2. A dilute solution is sent by a solution pump through a low-temperature solution heat exchanger and a heat source heat exchanger, partly through a high-temperature solution heat exchanger to a high-temperature regenerator, and the rest to a low-temperature regenerator. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein 3. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the whole amount of the dilute solution sent by the solution pump through the low temperature solution heat exchanger and the heat source heat exchanger is sent to the high temperature regenerator. 4. An evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high-temperature regenerator,
A low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system for operatively connecting these; and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger A heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heat source outside the absorption refrigerator and the dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line is interposed in the dilute solution line of the absorbent containing An absorption refrigerator, wherein the paths of the dilute solution pipes on the inlet side and the outlet side connected to the heat source heat exchanger are formed in a U-shape. 5. A dilute solution is sent by a solution pump through a low-temperature solution heat exchanger and a heat source heat exchanger, partly through a high-temperature solution heat exchanger to a high-temperature regenerator, and the rest to a low-temperature regenerator. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 4, wherein 6. An evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a high-temperature regenerator,
A low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, and a piping system for operatively connecting these; and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger A heat source heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between a fluid supplied from a heat source outside the absorption refrigerator and the dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line is interposed in the dilute solution line of the absorbent containing In the absorption refrigerator, the heat source heat exchanger, the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger are integrally formed, and the heat source heat exchanger is connected to the high-temperature solution heat exchanger. An absorption refrigerator having a higher position than the low-temperature solution heat exchanger. 7. A dilute solution is sent by a solution pump through a low temperature solution heat exchanger and a heat source heat exchanger, partly through a high temperature solution heat exchanger to a high temperature regenerator, and the rest to a low temperature regenerator. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 6, wherein the absorption refrigerator is provided.