JP3295707B2 - Greenhouse cooling and heating equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling and heating apparatus in a greenhouse, and particularly when a plant is cultivated in a slender bed, the area around the bed is efficiently cooled at a low cost in summer and is optimal for growing cultivated plants. The present invention relates to a cooling device that can create an environment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When cultivating plants in a greenhouse, an elongated plant cultivation bed containing a soil mat or a fibrous mat for supplying moisture and nutrients is used. Furthermore, since the optimum temperature of the upper part of the plant stem and the root part is generally different, a temperature control type plant cultivation bed aimed at adjusting the temperature of the root part separately from the temperature in the greenhouse is adopted. Sometimes used. In general, the temperature in the greenhouse is adjusted by blowing out warm air from a heater in winter, and in summer, opening the greenhouse window to take in outside air, or installing a light-blocking curtain to prevent direct sunlight. A method of adjusting by blocking is adopted.

[0003]

However, temperature control in a greenhouse in winter can be performed relatively easily by adjusting the temperature and air volume blown out from a heater, but in summer, it is affected by the outside air temperature and weather. Therefore, it was difficult to control the temperature to a satisfactory degree. In order to solve such a problem, it is conceivable to install a cooling machine in the summer and to control the temperature in the greenhouse in the same manner as in the winter.
However, since the cooling cost is generally significantly higher than the heating cost, there is a problem that it is not commercially feasible to uniformly cool a large greenhouse. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a new greenhouse air-conditioning apparatus that creates an optimal environment for cultivated plants at low cost in summer.

[0004]

The present invention according to claim 1 is provided.
Is an elongated plant growing bed placed in the greenhouse (1)
(2) and the plant cultivation bed (2)
And cold and hot air near the plant cultivation bed (2).
So that the outlet is open along its longitudinal direction
A pair of cold air blow-out tube with a (20), blown the cold air
The pipe is connected to the pipe (20), and cold and hot air flows inside,
Adjacent to the lower surface of the plant cultivation bed (2), and
Arranged for heat transfer with the cultivation bed (2)
A greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus comprising an air duct (8), the. The present invention according to claim 2, in claim 1, before
In the air duct (8), cold and hot water is allowed to flow inside.
Cooling and heating in a greenhouse with water tubes arranged in a coil or meandering shape
Device. Thereby, the ambient temperature above the stalks and leaves at the top of the plant is adjusted by a cooling and heating device, and separately from that, the lower root portion is adjusted and maintained at an optimum temperature by a duct adjacent to the underside of the bed.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a cooling and heating apparatus for a greenhouse comprises a pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes along both sides of an elongated plant growing bed (2).
(20) is laid, and in the longitudinal direction of the cold / hot air blowing pipe (20)
Since it has the outlet which opens along , the cooling area can be limited to the space around the cultivated plant which needs a temperature control. Therefore, compared with a method of uniformly cooling the entire greenhouse, the cooling cost (power consumption) can be significantly reduced. Moreover adjacent the lower surface of the betting plant cultivation (2), and so as to enable heat transfer bet for that plant cultivation (2)
Since the air duct (8) is provided , in addition to the above effects, the lower root portion of the cultivated plant can be adjusted to the optimum temperature by the duct, and the plant growing environment can be more optimally maintained. it can.

[0006]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the greenhouse cooling / heating device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view thereof. In this example, as a plant cultivation bed 2 arranged in a greenhouse 1 indicated by a dashed line, a temperature control type bed capable of separately controlling the root portion is used. The plant cultivation bed 2 has an elongated rectangular main body 3 and a temperature control means 4. The main body 3 has a side plate 5 and a lid 6, and the lid 6 is provided with a large number of plant insertion portions 7 along the longitudinal direction.

The temperature control means 4 is constituted by an air duct 8 made of hard vinyl chloride (a so-called agricultural duct) through which cool and hot air for temperature control flows. The air duct 8 has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section and is buried in the ground adjacent to the lower surface of the plant cultivation bed 2. Inside the air duct 8, a cold / hot water coil tube 8a and a fan 8b are provided, and a heat exchanger 28 is provided.
Is configured. The cold / hot water coil is made of a good heat conductive metal material such as a copper tube, and cold or hot water flows inside. The coil tube 8a makes full use of the length in the long air duct 8, and is spiral in the radial direction of the duct and spiral in the axial direction, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the duct over a relatively long distance. It is arranged long. Thereby, the heat exchange between the cold and hot water and the air can be sufficiently performed by the simple device through the wall surface of the coil tube 8a. The present invention includes a coil tube in which the coil tube is arranged in a meandering manner.

The fan 8b is located on the windward side of the cold / hot water coil tube 8a, and sends air to the coil tube to supply it to the cold / hot air blowing tube. The outer periphery of the air duct 8 is cooled or heated, and the bed 2 adjacent to the outer surface is cooled or heated from the lower surface. The bottom of the main body 3 is formed by a waterproof sheet 9. As the waterproof sheet 9, a sheet having a relatively high heat conductivity such as a waterproof cover for an automobile which is waterproofed on a cloth can be used. Since the bottom of the main body 3 is made of a material having good heat conductivity in this way, the bottom of the main body 3 and the upper part of the air duct 8 come into contact with each other with good heat conductivity.
That is, heat transfer contacts.

On the waterproof sheet 9, a bulky fibrous mat 10 composed of a relatively thin layer is laid. The fibrous mat 10 is provided for the purpose of replenishing the roots of plants with a liquid containing moisture and nutrients and for supporting the roots, and the shape is not particularly limited as long as such a function is provided.
As the fibrous mat 10, for example, a woven or nonwoven fabric made of natural or synthetic fibers can be used. The fibrous mat 10 is provided with a thickness that leaves a sufficient space above the main body 3. The preferable thickness is, for example, a value that leaves a space of about 90% in the main body 3. By leaving a space in the upper part in the main body 3 as described above, the temperature in the main body 3 is made uniform by diffusion. In addition, since the roots of the plant can grow in a free space without obstacles, the growth of the plant can be accelerated as a result.

A liquid supply means 11 for spraying a liquid containing water and nutrients is provided in the space in the main body 3. The liquid supply means 11 sprays a liquid containing moisture and nutrients on the roots of growing plants, and is configured by providing a number of nozzles in a pipe such as a vinyl chloride pipe laid in the longitudinal direction of the main body 3. The end is connected to a liquid supply means by a supply pipe (not shown). The liquid spray can supply water and nutrients to the roots of the plant, and can wash out pathogens and the like attached to the roots.

The plant 12 has its stem inserted into an elastic tubular body 13 such as urethane foam, which is inserted into the lid 6 of the main body 3.
And is attached to the main body 3 through the plant insertion portion 7 provided in the main body 3. The roots extend horizontally and downward as they grow in the space, and the downwardly extending roots enter between the meshes of the fibrous mat 10 to further increase the moisture and nutrients from the liquid supported and retained therein. Is replenished. The bottom of the main body 3 is provided with a gradient that gradually decreases in the longitudinal direction, and excess liquid flows downstream on the waterproof sheet 9 at the bottom. Then, the liquid is returned from the downstream end of the main body 3 to the liquid replenishing means by a drain pipe.

A pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes 20 are laid along both sides of the plant growing bed. The cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 is formed by intermittently providing a large number of air blowing slits 21 on the side wall of a flexible plastic pipe such as a soft vinyl chloride pipe. Is communicated with one end. Further, an air chamber 38 is provided in the greenhouse, an opening for return air is provided therein, and a damper 34 for opening and closing the opening is provided. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a supply device to the cold / hot air blowing pipe 20. The cool / hot air supply device 22 includes a heat storage tank 23 for storing cold water, a cooling / heating device 24 for cooling and heating water in the heat storage tank 23, pipes 25 and 26 laid between the heat storage tank 23 and the cooling / heating device 24, and a pump 27. An air heat exchanger 28, pipes 29 and 30 laid between the heat storage tank 23 and the heat exchanger 28, and a pump 31 are provided. The heat exchanger 28 includes a duct 32 for taking in air from the outside and a damper 33 and a filter device 34 provided for adjusting the air flow, a duct 35 for taking in return air from the greenhouse, and an air flow control provided for the duct 35. 1 and a duct 37 for supplying cold and hot air to each of the cold and hot air blowing pipes 20 shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned cooling and heating device in a greenhouse will be described. First, the water stored in the heat storage tank 23 is cooled or heated by the cooling and heating device 24 to produce cold and hot water at a predetermined temperature.
When the cooling and heating device 24 is operated using midnight power, cold and hot water can be produced at lower cost. Next, the heat exchanger 28 is operated to exchange heat between the cold / hot water from the heat storage tank 23 and the return air from the duct 35, and cool / hot air having a predetermined temperature is discharged from the duct 37 to each of the cold / hot air blowing pipes 20 (FIG. 1). Send to The cold and hot air blown out from each of the cold and hot air blow-off tubes 20 is gradually diffused into the greenhouse. In the case of cooling, it is possible to maintain an effective cooling environment only in the area close to the periphery of the plant cultivation bed 2, for example, only the area indicated by the dotted line A in the greenhouse 1 in FIG. it can. External air is supplied from the duct 32 as needed. At that time, the filter device 34 provided in the duct 32 can prevent pests and pathogens from entering the greenhouse from the outside.

[0014]

As described above, the present invention provides a pair of cold and hot air blowing pipes (2 ) along both sides of the elongated plant growing bed (2).
0) and lay it along the longitudinal direction of the cold / hot air blowing pipe (20).
By adjusting the cool air blown out from the outlet that opens , the cooling area can be limited to the space around the cultivated plant that requires temperature control. Therefore, compared to the method of uniformly cool the entire greenhouse can be reduced significantly cooling cost (power consumption). In addition , a long air duct (8) is connected to the cold / hot air blowing pipe (20) , and cool / hot air is circulated in the duct, and the duct and the plant cultivation vessel are connected.
(2) are arranged so that heat transfer is possible,
Using the long air duct itself as part of the heat exchanger ,
The lower root portion of the plant can be maintained and adjusted to the optimum temperature by the temperature control bed, and the plant growing environment can be more optimally maintained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a greenhouse cooling / heating device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an example of a device for supplying cold / hot air to a cold / hot air blowing pipe 20 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a heat exchange system of the greenhouse cooling / heating device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse 2 Plant cultivation bed 3 Main body 4 Temperature control means 5 Side plate 6 Lid 7 Plant insertion part 8 Air duct 8a Cold / hot water coil 8b Fan 9 Waterproof sheet 10 Fibrous mat 11 Liquid supply means 12 Plant 13 Cylindrical body 20 Cold / hot air blowing Pipe 21 Slit 22 Cold / hot air supply device 23 Heat storage tank 24 Cooling / heating device 25 Pipe 26 Pipe 27 Pump 28 Heat exchanger 29 Pipe 30 Pipe 31 Pump 32 Duct 33 Damper 34 Filter device 35 Duct 36 Damper 37 Duct 38 Air chamber

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] And 1. A greenhouse (1) betting elongate plant cultivation disposed within (2), it is laid along the opposite sides of the betting for the plant cultivation (2),
Cool and hot air is sent near the plant growing bed (2).
As described above, the outlet is connected to a pair of cold and hot air blow-off pipes (20) , which open along the longitudinal direction, and the cold and hot air blow-off pipes (20).
While being distributed, it is next to the bottom of the plant cultivation bed (2).
Contact and heat transfer with the plant cultivation bed (2)
Greenhouse heating and cooling apparatus comprising an air duct (8), the disposed so as to. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the air duct (8) within the greenhouse air conditioning apparatus hot and cold water pipe for circulating the hot and cold water disposed therein in a coil or serpentine.