JP3301953B2 - Head Vegetable Harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for harvesting head vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional methods of harvesting head vegetables include, for example,
As in the harvesting operation performed by the head vegetable harvester disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 59-170430, the head part of the head vegetable on the ridge is cut, lifted and conveyed to harvest.

[0003]

Generally, with respect to head vegetables, a distribution form in which unnecessary leaves outside the head vegetables are removed and then shipped is adopted. However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since unnecessary leaf portions outside the head vegetables are not removed at the time of harvesting, the unnecessary leaf portions must be cut manually after harvesting, which is extremely inefficient in work efficiency. Was something.

[0004]

The present invention employs the following technical means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, in the invention of claim 1, the head vegetable A
A separation roller 28 for separating an outer unnecessary leaf portion;
Behind the roller 28, the separation roller 28
Cutting unnecessary leaves that are released and held by the leaf pressing guide 31
A horizontal axis rotary blade 30 and a connection provided behind the horizontal axis rotary blade 30;
A longitudinal axis rotary blade 35 for cutting the stem of the ball vegetable A
A ball vegetable harvester. In the invention according to claim 2,
2. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the unnecessary leaf portion of the head vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 30 before the head blade A is cut by the rotary blade 35. 3.
In the invention according to claim 3, after cutting the unnecessary leaf portion of the headed vegetable A with the rotary blade 30, lift the headed vegetable A with the roller 33, and then cut the headed vegetable A with the rotary blade 35. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the harvester is configured. In the invention according to claim 4, the separation roller 2 is provided above the separation roller 28 or the rotary blade 30.
A harvesting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the harvesting machine is configured so as to be provided with a transmission means to the rotating blade (8) and the rotary blade (30).

[0005] Only the head portion of the head vegetable A is harvested. That is, the root is cut in advance, and the unnecessary leaf portion is also cut.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the unnecessary leaf portion of the head vegetable A is pressed by the leaf pressing guide 31 .
Cutting by the rotary blade 30 is efficiently performed. Claim 2
In the described invention, the unnecessary leaf portion of the head vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 30 before cutting the head vegetable A by the rotary blade 35, so that the harvest of the unnecessary leaf portion can be prevented.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the head vegetable A is lifted by the roller 33, and thereafter, the head vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 35. Can be cut. In the invention described in claim 4, since the transmission means to the separation roller 28 and the rotary blade 30 is provided above the separation roller 28 or the rotary blade 30, when harvesting the head vegetable A, The transmission means can be prevented from being in the way.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION With reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the illustrated example, reference numeral 1 denotes a ridge formed in a field for cultivating head vegetables A such as cabbage and lettuce.
Are formed between the grooves 2 on the left and right sides, and the head vegetables A are cultivated at the left and right central portions of the ridge 1.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a body frame of the reaping and harvesting machine for the head vegetables V. An engine 4 is mounted on the front side of the body frame 3, and a transmission case 5 is provided on the rear side of the engine 4. . The engine 4 and the transmission case 5 are provided so as to be located above the ridge 1. Transmission cylinders 6 and 6 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the transmission case 5 so as to protrude outward, and transmission shafts 7 and 7 are mounted inside the transmission cylinders 6 and 6.

The upper ends of the wheel transmission cases 8, 8 are rotatably mounted on the respective ends of the transmission cylinders 6, 6. A pair of left and right traveling wheels 9, 9 are mounted on the lower end portions of the wheel transmission cases 8, 8, respectively. A lower end of an arm 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the one transmission cylinder 6, and a base of a height adjusting cylinder 11 provided in the front-rear direction is pivotally mounted on an upper portion of the arm 10. The height adjusting cylinder 11
The piston rod 12 protrudes forward, and the tip of the piston rod 12 is axially fixed to one end of a left-right mounting plate 13 provided on the front side of the engine 4.

A front end of a rod 14 parallel to the height adjusting cylinder 11 is mounted on one end of the mounting plate 13, and a rear end of the rod 14 is axially mounted on an upper end of a vertical arm 15. The lower end of the arm 15 is connected to the one wheel transmission case.
Fixed to the upper end of the wire 8. At the other end of the mounting plate 13, a base of a rolling cylinder 16 provided in parallel with the height adjusting cylinder 11 with the engine 4 interposed therebetween is mounted.
The tip of the piston rod 17 of the rolling cylinder 16 is axially attached to the upper end of an arm 18, and the lower end of the arm 18 is fixed to the upper end of the other wheel transmission case 8.

The height adjusting cylinder 11 is automatically expanded and contracted by a height detecting sensor provided at a desired position of the fuselage, and the rolling cylinder 16 is automatically expanded and contracted by an inclination detecting sensor provided at a desired position of the fuselage. Sometimes. At the center rear portion of the transmission case 5 is formed a mounting portion 20 projecting rearward, and the front end of the cutting portion transmission case 21 in the front-rear direction is mounted on the mounting portion 20. Lateral transmission cases 22, 22 projecting outward are respectively attached to the rear left and right side portions of the mowing part transmission case 21.
A longitudinal transmission case 23 is attached to each end of the casing 22, and a front end portion of the longitudinal transmission case 24 in the longitudinal direction is attached to a lower portion of the longitudinal transmission case 23.

Each of the horizontal transmission casings 22, 22, the vertical transmission casings 23, 23, and the front and rear transmission casings 24, 24 also serves as a frame 26 of the cutting section 25. At the front ends of the front and rear transmission cases 24, 24, there are mounted separation roller transmission cases 27, 27 projecting downward. A pair of separation rollers 28, 28 are mounted.

The separation rollers 28, 28 are substantially parallel to the ground when viewed from the side, and are obliquely provided so that the distance between them becomes gradually narrower toward the rear side when viewed from above. I have. The separation rollers 28, 28 are driven to rotate inward from each other so as to separate unnecessary leaf portions outside the head vegetable A. Further, the separation rollers 28, 28 may be configured to be able to rotate horizontally.

At the middle part of the front and rear transmission cases 24, 24, the upper parts of the transmission cases 29, 29 for the horizontal axis rotary blades are mounted, and the lower ends of the transmission cases 29, 29 for the horizontal axis rotary blades. Are provided with horizontal axis rotary blades 30, 30. The horizontal rotating blades 30, 30 are provided so as to be parallel to the machine body traveling direction and substantially perpendicular to the ground, and the separating roller 28 cuts unnecessary leaves of the separated head vegetables A.

Reference numerals 31, 31 denote leaf pushing guides, which are formed by rods extending in the front-rear direction. The front end portions of the leaf push guides 31, 31 are attached to the separation roller transmission case 27, 27,
The rear end of the blade extends over the separation rollers 28 and 28 to the side of the horizontal rotating blades 30 and 30.
Press the leaf that has been separated by the
Take over and cut to 0,30.

At the rear ends of the front and rear transmission cases 24, 24, upper portions of roller transmission cases 32, 32 are mounted, and at the lower portion thereof, the same structure as the separation roller 28 is lifted. Rollers 33, 33 are provided. Lifting rollers 33, 33
When viewed from above, they are provided diagonally so that the distance between them becomes narrower toward the rear side, and they are driven to rotate outward so as to abut against and lift the rear surface of the head vegetable A. Further, the lifting rollers 33, 33 may be configured to be able to rotate horizontally.

At the lower end portions of the roller transmission cases 32, 32, upper portions of longitudinal axis rotary blade transmission cases 34, 34 are attached, and at the lower portions thereof, stems of the front head vegetable A are cut. The vertical rotary blades 35, 35 are mounted. The vertical axis rotary blades 35 and the vertical axis rotary blades 35 are arranged in a staggered manner with their positions shifted back and forth, and are configured to rotate inwardly from each other when viewed from above.

A guiding device 40 for guiding the cut head vegetables A into the groove 2 on one side is provided behind the longitudinal rotary blades 35, 35. The guide device 40 is viewed from above,
It is formed by a guide rod 41 bent and formed into an L-shape, and a guide wall 42 standing upright behind the guide rod 41. A front end of a handle mounting rod 43 bent into a crank shape is attached to the rear end of the mowing part transmission case 21, and a walking steering handle bent outward at the rear end of the handle mounting rod 43. 44 are formed integrally. The walking operation handle 44 faces the groove 2 on the other side.
Walk and steer inside.

On the other side of the airframe, the cut head vegetables A guided into the groove 2 on one side by the guide device 40 are provided.
Is provided with a collecting device 45 for collecting. The collection device 45 is provided with a transport device 46 that is frontward and rearward and that is higher as it reaches the rear side, and the collection shelf 4 is located below the rear end of the transport device 46.
7 are formed. Reference numeral 48 denotes a transport belt that rotates in the traveling direction of the transport device 46, and 49 denotes a transport lug.

In the figure, reference numeral 50 denotes an operation box, and 51 denotes a cover. The guide device 40 and the recovery device 45 may be configured to be detachable and replaceable, and may be configured so that their positions can be reversed left and right. Similarly, the handle mounting rod 43 may be configured to be detachable, and the direction of the walking operation handle 44 may be switchable.

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the separating roller 28 and the lifting roller 33, which are formed of urethane foam or the like having high elasticity and frictional resistance, and have numerous projections 52 on the outer periphery. Has formed. FIG. 10 shows the separation roller 2
8 and a third embodiment of the lifting roller 33, in which a ridge 53 is formed parallel to the generatrix direction.

FIG. 11 shows a fourth embodiment of the separating roller 28 and the lifting roller 33, in which a ridge 54 inclined with respect to the generatrix direction is formed. Next, the operation will be described.
The engine 4 is located in front of the fuselage frame 3 located above the ridge 1.
And wheels 9 in the grooves 2, 2 on the rear side of the engine 4.
9 is disposed between the wheels 9, 9, and the cutting section 25 including the separation roller 28, the horizontal rotary blade 30, and the vertical rotary blade 35 is disposed. When the engine 4 is started while standing inside the vehicle 2 and the body is advanced by the walking operation handle 44, the head vegetable A faces between the separation rollers 28, 28.

When viewed from above, the separation rollers 28, 28 are provided obliquely so that the distance between them becomes narrower toward the rear side, and they are driven and rotated inwardly. Unnecessary leaf of the rotating separation roller 2
It comes into contact with 8, 28 and is separated (peeled). Next, a pair of left and right horizontal shaft rotary blades 30, 30 are provided behind the separation rollers 28, 28 so as to be parallel to the body moving direction and substantially perpendicular to the ground. Since a leaf pushing guide 31 in the front-rear direction is provided between the roller 28 and the horizontal rotary blade 30, unnecessary leaves separated by the separating roller 28 are pressed from above by the leaf pushing guide 31. In the attached state, it is taken over by the horizontal axis rotary blade 30, and the horizontal axis rotary blade 30 cuts unnecessary leaves of the head vegetable A separated by the separation roller 28.

Behind the horizontal rotary blades 30, 30, lifting rollers 33, 33 which are driven to rotate outward from each other, are provided.
When viewed from above, the roller is provided diagonally so that the distance between the two becomes narrower toward the rear side.
When the head vegetable A reaches between 3 and 33, the head vegetable A is lifted by the rotation of the lifting roller 33. Under the lifting rollers 33, 33, the vertical rotating blades 35, 3 arranged in a staggered manner with their positions shifted back and forth.
5, the tips of the vertical rotary blades 35, 35 dive below the headed vegetables A lifted by the rotation of the lifting rollers 33, thereby reliably cutting only the stems of the headed vegetables A. .

Since the vertical rotary blades 35, 35 are driven to rotate inside each other when viewed from above, the vertical rotary blades 35, 35 are rotated.
The headed vegetable A cut by the step rides above the vertical rotary blades 35, 35 and is sent rearward by the rotation of the vertical rotary blades 35, 35. Behind the vertical rotating blades 35, 35, a guide device 40 for guiding the cut head vegetables A into the groove 2 on one side is provided. Is passed over the guide rod 41 of the guide device 40, abuts on a guide wall 42 standing upright behind the guide rod 41, is guided by the guide wall 42, and slides down into the groove 2 on one side.

On the other side of the body, the cut head vegetables A guided by the guide device 40 into the groove 2 on one side are provided.
Since the collecting device 45 for collecting the ridges 1 is provided, the ridges 1 move forward to cut the head vegetables A on the next ridges 1.
The head vegetables A in the container are conveyed to the collection shelf 47 by the conveyance belt 48 of the conveyance device 46 and collected. The lower end of the arm 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the one transmission cylinder 6, and the base of a height adjusting cylinder 11 provided in the front-rear direction is mounted on the upper part of the arm 10. Therefore, when the piston rod 12 of the height adjusting cylinder 11 is extended, the piston rod 12 pushes the mounting plate 13 forward, and the rods 14 and the rolling members 14 provided on the left and right sides of the mounting plate 13 are provided. The cylinder 16 is pulled forward, and the rear end of the rod 14 and the piston rod 17 of the rolling cylinder 16 are fixed to the upper part of the wheel transmission cases 8 and 8 by an arm 15 and an arm 18. Is pulled forward, and the wheel transmission cases 8, 8 are rotated upward to lower the entire body. Conversely, the piston rod 1 of the height adjusting cylinder 11
When 2 is reduced, the wheel transmission cases 8, 8 can be turned downward to move the entire body up.

Therefore, the height adjusting cylinder 11
The height position of the mowing part 25 can be adjusted by the expansion and contraction of. At this time, since the rolling cylinder 16 does not expand or contract, it performs the same operation as the rod 14. Thus, when the piston rod 17 of the rolling cylinder 16 is contracted, the piston rod 17 pulls the arm 18 to rotate one wheel transmission case 8 upward, and conversely, rolling. When the piston rod 17 of the cylinder 16 is extended, the piston rod 17
To rotate the wheel transmission case 8 downward, so that the body is rolled against the left and right inclination of the field,
The reaper 25 is always horizontal.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an entire apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the entire apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the entire apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view of a transmission mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a roller according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a roller having another shape according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a roller having another shape according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A: head vegetable, 26: frame, 1: ridge, 27: transmission case for separation roller, 2: groove, 28: separation roller, 3: body frame, 29: horizontal axis rotation Transmission case for blade, 4 ... Engine, 30 ... Rotary blade for horizontal axis, 5 ... Mission case, 31
... Leaf pushing guide, 6 ... Transmission cylinder, 32 ... Roller transmission case
7, a transmission shaft; 33, a lifting roller; 8, a wheel transmission case; 34, a transmission case for a vertical axis rotary blade; 9, a traveling wheel; 35, a vertical axis rotary blade; , 40 ... guide device, 11 ... height adjusting cylinder, 41 ... guide rod, 12 ...
Piston rod, 42 ... guide wall, 13 ... mounting plate, 43 ...
Handle mounting rod, 14: rod, 44: walking handle, 15: arm, 45: collecting device, 16: rolling cylinder, 46: transport device, 17: piston rod, 47: collecting shelf, 18 ... arm, 48 ... transport belt,
Reference numeral 20: mounting part, 49: transport lug, 21: mowing part transmission key
50, operation box, 22 lateral transmission case, 51 ...
Cover 23, vertical transmission case 52, projection 24, front and rear transmission case 53 53 ridge, 25 cutting part 54 54 ridge.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-138025 (JP, U) JP-B-50-38579 (JP, B2) JP-B-52-20383 (JP, B2) JP-B-52 849 (JP, Y2) Jigyo 52-850 (JP, Y2) Jigyo 49-38201 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 45/26

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Separation of unnecessary leaves outside the head vegetable A
Separation roller 28 and the rear of the separation roller 28
And is separated by the separation roller 28 with the leaf pushing guide 31.
A horizontal rotating blade 30 for cutting unnecessary leaves to be held;
Cut the stem portion of head vegetable A provided behind shaft rotating blade 30
A head cropping machine having a vertical axis rotary blade 35 . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein an unnecessary leaf portion of the head vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 30 before cutting the head vegetable A by the rotary blade 35. Harvester. 3. A method in which the unnecessary leaf portion of the headed vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 30, the headed vegetable A is lifted by the roller 33, and then the headed vegetable A is cut by the rotary blade 35. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. The harvester according to claim 3, wherein a transmission means for transmitting to the separation roller and the rotary blade is provided above the separation roller and the rotary blade.