JP3303608B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device for performing an automatic performance by reading performance data, and more particularly to an automatic performance device capable of controlling a tempo in real time according to a user's instruction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When an automatic performance is performed by reading performance data, a user shakes a controller such as a baton to indicate a beat timing, thereby calculating an indicated tempo from an average interval of the beat timing and so on. Techniques for controlling the tempo of performance have been proposed.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned prior art only calculates the tempo based on the operation of the controller and adjusts the tempo of the automatic performance to the tempo. The beat timing of the automatic performance sometimes did not match, and the operation feeling was not good.

Therefore, it is conceivable to put a mark in the performance data for each beat timing, and control the automatic performance so that the read timing of the mark matches the operation timing of the controller. By doing so, the operation timing and the performance timing can be substantially matched, and the operational feeling is improved. However, there is a drawback that the above-described timing control cannot be performed because such mark data is not written in the current performance data, and the work of writing mark data for each beat timing in the performance data is very troublesome. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance apparatus that can automatically generate a mark for performance data, thereby enabling timing control of any performance data.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, and a time signature representing the number of beats in one measure in the performance data. Mark data generating means for generating mark data and a beat number of the mark data at predetermined timings based on the data and tempo data representing the time of the beat interval, and storing the mark data in correspondence with the performance data ; Indicating means for indicating a beat number and its timing;
The beat number and mark data specified by the specifying means are
When the beat numbers match, the specified timing interval is compared with the mark data read timing interval accompanying the performance data read, and based on the comparison result.
And automatic performance control means for controlling the subsequent tone generation timing . The invention of claim 2 of the present application provides performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, time signature data representing the number of beats in one measure, and clock number of beat intervals in the performance data. Based on the resolution data, mark data and a beat number of the mark data are generated at predetermined timings, and a mark data generating unit that stores the mark data and the beat data in correspondence with the performance data is provided. Indicating means, and a beat number and a mark specified by the indicating means.
When the beat numbers of the data match, the interval of the designated timing is compared with the interval of the read timing of the mark data accompanying the reading of the performance data, and the comparison result is obtained.
Automatic performance control means for controlling the subsequent tone generation timing based on the result.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance is provided based on bar line data and tempo data representing the time of a beat interval in the performance data. Generate mark data and beat number of the mark data at each predetermined timing,
A mark data generating means for storing in correspondence with the performance data, by a user, beat number and the instruction means that timing is instructed, beat numbers instructed by the instructing means
When the beat number of the mark data matches the beat number of the mark data, the interval of the designated timing is compared with the interval of the read timing of the mark data accompanying the reading of the performance data,
Automatic performance control means for controlling the subsequent tone generation timing based on the comparison result . According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, and a predetermined timing based on bar line data and resolution data representing the number of clocks of beat intervals in the performance data. and generates mark data and beat numbers of the mark data for each said mark data generating means for storing in correspondence with the performance data, by a user, an instruction means that timing and beat number is instructed, the instruction Beat number and mark indicated by means
When the beat numbers of the data match, the interval of the designated timing is compared with the interval of the read timing of the mark data accompanying the reading of the performance data, and the comparison result is obtained.
Automatic performance control means for controlling the subsequent tone generation timing based on the result.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, and generating mark data at predetermined timings based on tempo data in the performance data. Mark data generating means for storing the music data in correspondence with the performance data; instructing means for instructing a timing by a user; an interval between the instructed timings and an interval between the read timings of the mark data associated with the reading of the performance data. Departure from
Automatic performance control means for controlling sound timing .

[0009]

[0010] The invention of claim 6 of this application is based on claims 1 to
5. The invention of claim 5, wherein the mark data generating means detects a beat timing in the performance data and generates the mark data at the position of the beat timing, and the automatic performance control means is instructed by the instructing means. Means for controlling the tempo for each beat by comparing the interval of the read timing with the interval of the read timing of the mark data.

The invention of claim 7 of this application is based on claims 1 to
In the invention of the fourth aspect, the automatic performance control means detects the beat number of the designated timing based on the timing instruction form by the instruction means, and detects the beat number and the mark data. It is characterized in that the tempo is controlled on condition that it matches the beat number.

The invention according to claim 8 of the present application is an apparatus for performing an automatic performance based on performance data to which mark data is added at predetermined timings, and wherein an instruction is given by the user at each predetermined timing. Means, mark data generating means for increasing or decreasing the mark data in accordance with the tempo set when performing the automatic performance, and an interval between the instructed timing and an interval between the timings for reading the increased or decreased mark data. And automatic performance control means for controlling the sounding timing by comparison.

[0013]

According to the automatic performance apparatus of the present invention, mark data is generated based on beat data, bar line data, tempo data, and step resolution data. These data for controlling the progress of the music are data for controlling the progress of the automatic performance based on the performance data. By generating the mark data based on these data, it is possible to generate the mark data at every predetermined timing. it can. Thereby, the mark data can be automatically written to the performance data to which the mark data has not been written. Further, in the present invention,
The automatic performance of the performance data is controlled by these mark data. This control includes, for example, judging the speed of the automatic performance based on the timing at which the mark data is read, and controlling the tempo so that the next read timing of the mark data coincides with a predetermined timing.

Further, in the automatic performance device of the present invention, the mark data is generated at a beat timing position , and the tempo is controlled by comparing an instruction generated at each beat timing with a read timing of the mark data. I do. Since the beat timing is the most easily sensed timing in the music, the control by the beat timing facilitates the user's instruction and enables accurate control.

In the automatic performance device of the present invention, a different number is assigned to each beat for control. As a result, even though the mark data of the performance data and the user's instruction have different beats, they are not controlled as the same beat, and the control deviation is eliminated.

[0016] In addition, the automatic performance apparatus of the present invention, performance
The mark data existing in the data is increased or decreased based on the tempo of the automatic performance. For example, 4 beats, 4 beats per bar
Even when there are pieces of mark data, if the tempo is fast, the number of marks is reduced to two or one per measure, and if the tempo is extremely slow, eight pieces of mark data are generated per measure. Thereby, an accurate instruction according to the tempo can be made.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic performance apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. This automatic performance device reads performance data consisting of a combination of delta time and event data, performs automatic performance, and controls the tempo of automatic performance in real time according to the operation of the controller that the user swings. it can. For this real-time tempo control, beat mark event data written for each beat timing of the performance data is used, but for performance data where no beat mark event data is written, the process of writing beat mark event data is performed. can do.

The CPU 10 has a ROM 1 via a bus.
1, RAM 12, FDD 13, MIDI interface 14, timer 15, display circuit 16, key press detection circuit 17,
The switch detection circuit 19, the A / D conversion circuits 21 and 24, the sound source circuit 27, and the effect circuit 28 are connected. RO
M11 stores a control program and the like used by the CPU 10. In the RAM 12, an area for reading performance data for performing automatic performance and beat mark generation processing and an area for storing output data of the piezoelectric vibration gyro sensors 23 and 26 connected to the A / D conversion circuits 21 and 24 are set. . A floppy disk storing a plurality of performance data is set in the FDD 13. The MIDI interface 14 is connected to another sound source device or the like. The CPU 10 can also control the externally connected sound source device via the MIDI interface 14. Timer is CPU1
This circuit interrupts 0 every predetermined time (for example, 10 ms). The display circuit 16 is a circuit for displaying the name of the music piece of the performance data that is currently being processed, the name of the tone color that is being generated, and the like. The keyboard 18 is connected to the key press detection circuit 17.
The keyboard 18 has a range of about 5 octaves (61 keys), and includes sensors for ON / OFF of each key and a key-on speed (velocity) of each key. The key press detection circuit 17
Has a function of detecting and latching on / off and velocity of each key of the keyboard 18. A plurality of switches 20 are connected to the switch detection circuit 19. The switch 20 includes an automatic performance start / stop switch, a beat mark generation switch, a beat mark change instruction switch, and the like. The switch detection circuit 19 detects ON / OFF events of these switches and detects
To communicate. The A / D conversion circuits 21 and 24 are connected to the piezoelectric vibration gyro sensor 2 via noise removal circuits 22 and 25, respectively.
3, 26 are connected. Piezoelectric vibration gyro sensor 2
3 and 26 are built in the controller 30.

Here, the controller 30 is operated by the user with a hand or the like in order to instruct the beat timing, and may be in the form of a device such as a baton operated by a hand, a device worn on the body, or the like. In addition to the dedicated device described above, a gyro sensor can be used in combination with a microphone or a karaoke device held by a singer in a remote control. The user instructs a beat by shaking such a controller 30 in an operation as shown in FIG. This operation is detected by the piezoelectric vibration gyro sensors 23 and 26 built in the controller 30. The piezoelectric signal gyro sensors 23 and 26 are installed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and can detect the vertical and horizontal swing of the controller 30 as a vector. The detected data is input to A / D conversion circuits 21 and 24 via noise removal circuits 22 and 25. The noise removing circuits 22 and 25 are circuits that remove detection data due to fine vibrations and the like to prevent erroneous peak detection. A / D conversion circuits 21 and 24 convert the detected data into digital data. This digital data is stored in a predetermined area of the RAM 12.

The tone generator 27 forms a tone signal in accordance with the event data sent from the CPU 10. The formed tone signal is input to the effect circuit 28. The effect circuit 28 applies an effect such as reverb to the input musical sound in response to an instruction from the CPU 10. The tone signal with the effect is input to the sound system 29. The sound system 29 amplifies and outputs the input tone signal.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of performance data and the operation of the controller. General performance data includes a header, a plurality of sets of delta time data, and event data. The delta time data is data representing a time interval between occurrence timings of successive event data. In this embodiment, the delta time data is m
It is expressed as a value in units of s (milliseconds). In the header, tempo data and time signature data at the beginning of the performance are written. The event data includes sounding event data and mute event data,
Bar line event data indicating the timing of a bar line, beat mark event data indicating the number of beats in the bar, new beats and beats when the beat and tempo change in the middle of a song There are beat change event data indicating tempo, tempo change event data, and the like. Beat mark event data includes beat 1,
There are four types: beat 2, beat 3, and beat 0. The data of beat 1 is written at the beat timing of the first beat of all the beats and the third beat of the four beats. Beat 2 data is 3
It is written at the second beat timing of the beat. Beat 3
Is written at the third beat of the triple time, the second beat of the double time, the second beat of the quadruple, and the beat timing of the fourth beat. The data of beat 0 is written to indicate only the beat timing when the time signature and the number of beats are unknown. Note that, depending on the performance data, bar line event data, beat data (beat change data), and beat mark event data may not be written.

Here, the function of the beat mark event data will be described. At the time of automatic performance, the operation of counting the delta time based on the tempo data and reading out the next event data when the counting of the delta time is completed is repeated.
When the user designates a beat by operating 0, the CPU 10 controls the tempo of the automatic performance so that the timing of the input beat instruction signal and the timing of the beat mark event data in the performance data match (substantially match). When changing the tempo of the automatic performance, a predetermined tempo coefficient T_CO is added to the delta time data.
The time interval of event data is changed by multiplying EF.
In this case, if the value of the tempo coefficient T_COEF is larger than 1, the tempo will be slow, and if it is smaller than 1, the tempo will be fast.

Here, referring to FIG. 3, a tempo coefficient T_C
A method for obtaining the OEF will be described. The original delta time data of the performance data is modified by the tempo coefficient T_COEF up to immediately before. This modified beat interval is
A_ACM, if the beat interval (time interval between beat instruction signals) indicated by the operator by the controller 30 is INTERVAL, the deviation ratio RATE
Is calculated by RATE = INTERVAL / DELTA_ACM. This RATE is multiplied by T_COEF for the next beat interval control, and a new T_COEF is calculated. Then, the new T_COEF is multiplied by the delta time data of the next beat.

As described above, there are many performance data in which beat mark events are not written.
Therefore, in order to control the tempo in real time by operating the controller 30, it is necessary to write a beat mark in the performance data.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the beat mark generation processing operation.

This operation starts when the beat mark generation switch is turned on after selecting the music to be subjected to the beat mark generation processing and reading the music from the floppy disk (from a floppy disk). First, the performance data is read through and it is determined whether the time signature data and the bar line data exist in the performance data. If both the time signature data and the bar line data are present in the performance data (s2), the total of the delta time data between the adjacent bar line data is calculated, divided by the number of beats indicated by the time signature data, and each beat timing is calculated. Ask (s
3). Each beat timing has its beat number (1st beat, 2nd beat,
Write the beat mark event data corresponding to ‥) (s4). As for the beat mark event, as shown in FIG. 2B, in the case of two beats, a mark of "1" is written on the first beat and a mark of "3" is written on the second beat. In the case of triple time, a mark of "1" is written on the first beat, a mark of "2" on the second beat, and a mark of "3" on the third beat. In the case of quadruple time, "1" on the first beat,
The mark “3” is written on the second beat, “1” is written on the third beat, and “3” is written on the fourth beat. Thereafter, the beat mark is deleted or corrected based on the tempo (speed) or the user's instruction input. That is, in the case of a song having a slow tempo as shown in FIG. (C), each beat is instructed. In the case of a song having a fast tempo, the user (conductor) does not indicate each beat timing. , when to instruct only the first beat of the measure and, in the case of a four-beat
In some cases, only the first and third beats are instructed (two swings) . In such a case, it is necessary to rewrite the beat mark in the performance data accordingly. When this processing is automatically performed, rewriting may be performed so that the instruction operation does not exceed twice per second. Also,
If the user decides to "play this song with one swing (one beat timing instruction per bar)", the input is accepted and the beat mark event data is rewritten accordingly. . In the above description, the beat mark event data is thinned out for a song with a fast tempo. However, in the case of a song with a very slow tempo, eight beats may be given even in four beats. For this case, beat mark event data may be written not only on the beat timing (front beat) but also on the back beat.

On the other hand, when only the beat data is written in the performance data and the bar data is not written (s6), the bar position is obtained based on the beat data and the tempo data (s7). That is, the delta time is counted for the time signature based on the tempo data, and the position where the counting is completed is defined as a bar line. For example, tempo = 1
In the case of 20, since 500 ms per beat, the total of the delta time data is 500 per beat. If it is 4 beats, 2000 is the bar line position. In the case of three beats, the bar line position is 1500. In this case, the beginning of the performance data may be counted as the first beat of the first measure. Thereafter, the process proceeds to s3.

If only the bar data is written in the performance data and no beat data is written (s8), the total of the delta times between the adjacent bar data is obtained, and based on the tempo data. The time signature is obtained (s9). That is, the total value of the delta time is divided by the tempo data, and the quotient is used as the beat. For example, tempo =
In the case of 120, since 500 ms per beat, the total of the delta time data is 500 per beat. Total delta time data between bar line data is 2000
If so, it is required to have four beats. The total is 1
If it is 500, it is required to have three beats. Thereafter, the process proceeds to s3.

On the other hand, if neither the beat data nor the bar line data is written in the performance data, the process proceeds to s10, in which the delta time is counted by the tempo data from the beginning of the performance data, and the point counted up is counted. Find as position. Then, at this beat position, the beat mark event data of number 0 is written as an unknown beat position (s11). Thereafter, the process proceeds to s5. in this case,
When the time signature of this music is input in s5, the beat mark of number 0 is rewritten to the beat mark indicating the beat number.

The automatic performance operation of the automatic performance device will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. This automatic performance operation is an automatic performance operation in a mode in which the user operates the controller 30 to instruct the beat timing in real time.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the sensor detection processing operation by timer interrupt. This operation is 10m
Executed every s. First, the outputs of the two piezoelectric vibrating gyro sensors 23 and 26 (these are installed in the X-axis and Y-axis directions) are taken in (s14), and the absolute angular velocity (√x ² + y ² ) is calculated based on the outputs. Is obtained (s15). Determine whether the obtained absolute angular velocity is a peak value,
If it is the peak value (s16), it is determined that it is a beat timing, the type of the peak is determined according to the swing angle θ, and a beat instruction signal of a number corresponding to the peak type is generated (s17). Here, as shown in FIG.
Is divided into three, and the range of θ = 180 ° to 315 ° is operated 1
The range of θ = 315 ° (−45 °) to 45 ° is the range of operation 2, the range of θ = 45 ° to 180 ° is the range of operation 3, and the swing angle at the peak is within the range. If it is within, it is determined that the operation is performed.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the reproduction processing operation. This operation is performed by a timer interrupt. The timer interrupt is performed at a short interval of about 1 ms. First, in s20 to s22, it is determined whether or not the performance data is read. RUN is an automatic performance flag,
When RUN = 1, it indicates that automatic performance data is being performed. PAUSE is a pause (pause) flag. When PAUSE = 1, it indicates that the progress of the automatic performance is paused. TIME is a duration time register for setting a delta time which is a time interval until the next performance data is read out and counting down. Therefore, TI
When ME = 0, it is determined that it is time to read the next performance data. Therefore, RUN = 1 and PAUSE
When = 0 and TIME = 0, it is determined that the operation is not stopped during the automatic performance and that it is time to read the next performance data.

If the above conditions are satisfied, s23
Then, the address of the performance data is advanced and the next data is read (s23). It is determined whether the read data is event data or delta time data (s2
4). If it is event data, a process corresponding to the event data is executed (s25), and the process returns to s23 to read out the next performance data.

If the read data is delta time data, the delta time data is set in TIME (s26). When the value set in TIME is 0 (when a plurality of events occur simultaneously), s27
To s23. If the set TIME is not 0, the TIME is corrected by multiplying it by a tempo coefficient T_COEF (s28). This tempo coefficient T_COEF
Is a coefficient for correcting the speed of the music being played automatically based on the beat instruction signal generated by the operation of the controller 30. The method of calculating T_COEF will be described later.

Thereafter, 1 is subtracted from TIME (s
29). Further, DELTA_ACM is added by 1 (s
30). DELTA_ACM is a register for accumulating delta time data of the corrected performance data for one beat, as described with reference to FIG.

The operations in s29 and s30 are performed in s23 to s28.
Is executed in addition to the case where the processing of the above is completed, and when it is determined that TIME is not 0 in s22. After that, INT
One is added to ERVAL (s31). INTERVA
L is a register for accumulating the delta time for one beat specified by the operator after the input of the beat instruction signal until the next beat instruction signal is input, as described with reference to FIG. Next, a beat instruction corresponding process (s32) is executed. This beat instruction corresponding processing is performed by the controller 3
This is a processing operation executed when a beat instruction signal is generated by the operation of "0". This will be described in detail in the description of FIG. The operations of s31 and s32 are always executed if the automatic performance is performed (RUN = 1).

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the event handling process. This operation is executed when the event data is read by reading the performance data. First,
It is determined whether the event is a beat mark event (s40). If it is event data other than the beat mark event, it is determined whether the event data is performance event data (s41). If the event data is performance event data, the event data is output to the tone generator circuit 27 to perform operations such as sound generation and mute (s42). If the event data is other than the beat mark event and the performance event, a process corresponding to the other event is executed (s43).

On the other hand, if the event is a beat mark, first, a beat instruction signal generation flag BEAT_R
It is determined whether or not 1 is set in CV (s4
4). The beat instruction signal generation flag BEAT_RCV is
This flag is set when a beat instruction signal is generated by the controller 30 before the beat mark event data in the performance data is read. Therefore, when BEAT_RCV = 1, it indicates that the tempo being played is slower than the tempo specified by the operator (see FIG. 3A). In this case,
Since the processing corresponding to this event data (beat mark event data) has been performed when the beat instruction signal is generated (see s55 to s61 in FIG. 8), the BEAT
_RCV is reset (s47) and the routine returns. On the other hand, when BEAT_RCV = 0, the number of the beat instruction is stored in the BEAT_NO register (s45),
Since the beat timing data is read out before the beat timing instruction of the operator, the performance is judged to be too fast, the pause flag PAUSE is set to 1, and the progress of the automatic performance is paused (s46). However, it is assumed that the pronunciation is continued.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the beat instruction processing. The beat instruction corresponding process is a processing operation corresponding to a case where a beat instruction signal is generated by an operation of the controller 30. First, it is determined whether or not a beat instruction signal is generated (s50). If the beat instruction signal has not been generated, the process returns. When a beat instruction signal is generated, that is, when a beat instruction signal is stored in a predetermined buffer when this operation is started, it is determined whether or not PAUSE = 1 is currently set, that is, the beat of the performance data is first set. It is determined whether or not the mark event data has been read (s51). PAUSE =
In the case of 1, it is determined whether or not the number of the generated beat mark matches the content of BEAT_NO stored in the operation of s45 (s52). In this case, BEAT_NO =
In the case of 0, all numbers are unconditionally matched. If they do not match, it is determined that it is not necessary to follow the tempo instruction, and the routine returns. If they match, the user's instruction has caught up with the preceding automatic performance, so that the automatic performance can be restarted, the tempo calculation process (s53) is executed, and then the automatic performance is restarted (s54). Hereinafter, these operations will be specifically described.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the tempo calculation process. The tempo calculation process means that the timing at which the beat mark event data is read from the performance data and the timing at which the beat instruction signal is generated by the user's operation of the controller 30 deviate from the tempo of the automatic performance and the user's instruction. Since the tempo did not match, this is a process for correcting this. First, in s65, a shift ratio RATE that expresses a shift in tempo by a ratio of count values is obtained. RATE can be obtained by RATE = INTERVAL / DELTA_ACM. In the case of S53, INTER
Since VAL is greater than DELTA_ACM, RAT
E will be greater than one. Since the tempo of the previous beat only needs to be corrected by this RATE, the tempo coefficient of the previous beat T_COEF
Is multiplied by RATE and corrected (s66). That is, the calculation of T_COEF = T_COEF × RATE is performed. If RATE> 1, the value of T_COEF increases and the tempo slows. Also, RATE <1
If so, the value of T_COEF becomes smaller and the tempo becomes faster. When T_COEF exceeds the upper and lower limit values by this processing (when the tempo becomes slower than the slowest playable tempo or faster than the fastest playable tempo), T_COEF is clipped to the limit value. A limit process is performed (s67).

In FIG. 8, in the automatic performance resuming process of s54, DELTA_ACM is set to 0, and INT
This is an operation of setting ERVAL to 0 and resetting PAUSE to 0.

On the other hand, if PAUSE = 0 in s51, it means that the beat mark event data has not been read from the performance data yet, that is, the tempo of the automatic performance is slower than the user's instruction. I do. For this reason, the following operation is performed to make the automatic performance catch up with the instruction of the user. First, the performance data is fast-forwarded to search for the next beat mark event data (s55). It is determined whether or not the number of the searched beat mark event data matches the number of the generated beat instruction signal (s
56). If they do not match, it is determined that it is not necessary to follow the tempo instruction, and the routine returns. If they match, the value of (“all delta times until the searched event data” + TIME) × T_COEF is added to the DELTA_ACM from the current position of the automatic performance (s57). Although the delay of the automatic performance has been eliminated by this, the event data corresponding to that (from the position where the automatic performance is currently performed to the event data searched above) has not been executed. The performance is shortened to one-half (s58).
After that, BEAT_RCV is set (s59), tempo calculation processing (s60: FIG. 9) is executed, and then DEL
TA_ACM is set to 0, INTERVAL is set to 0 (s61), and the routine returns. In this case, since the generation of the beat instruction signal by the user was earlier than the reading of the beat mark event data by the automatic performance,
In the tempo calculation process at s60, the tempo is recalculated so as to be faster.

With reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, a description will be given of a beat mark generation processing operation for performance data storing delta time in a so-called resolution system. The resolution method is a method in which the delta time is not counted in milliseconds, but is counted in the number of clocks set as 1 / nth of a quarter note. FIG. 10 is a diagram comparing the millisecond method and the resolution method. FIG.
The delta time for one beat is shown when the tempo of the minute note is 120. In the case of the millisecond method, the delta time is 60000 milliseconds ÷ 120 = 500 milliseconds. On the other hand, in the resolution method of quarter note / 96, the delta time for one beat is naturally 9
6 clocks. Incidentally, in this case, one clock is about 5.2 ms.

FIG. 4B shows a delta time for one beat when the tempo is a quarter note = 90. In the case of the millisecond method, the delta time is 60000 milliseconds ÷ 90 = 750 milliseconds. On the other hand, in the resolution method of quarter note / 96, the delta time for one beat is 96 clocks at any tempo. In this case, one clock is about 6.9 ms.

As described above, in the millisecond system, the delta time changes when the tempo changes, but in the resolution system,
As long as the relative time between events does not change, the delta time does not change even if the tempo changes.

FIG. 11 shows a beat mark generation processing operation for writing a beat mark in performance data of the resolution system.

This operation starts when the beat mark generation switch is turned on after selecting the music to be subjected to the beat mark generation processing and reading it from the RAM 12 (from a floppy disk). The delta time data of the performance data read at this time is recorded in a resolution system. First,
The performance data is read through (s71), and it is determined whether or not time signature data and bar data exist in the performance data. If both the beat data and the bar line data exist in the performance data (s72), each beat timing is obtained based on the bar line data, the beat data and the resolution data (s73). At each beat timing, the beat number (1
The beat mark event data corresponding to the beat, the second beat, and ‥) is written (s74). After this, the tempo (speed)
Alternatively, the beat mark is deleted or corrected based on the user's instruction input. This correction method is the same as the beat mark generation operation in FIG.

On the other hand, when only the beat data is written in the performance data and the bar data is not written (s76), the bar position is obtained based on the beat data and the resolution data (s77). In other words, the delta time is counted by the number of beats based on the resolution data, and the position where the counting is completed is defined as a bar line. In this case, the beginning of the performance data may be counted as the first beat of the first measure. Thereafter, the process proceeds to s73. When only the bar line data is written in the performance data and the beat data is not written (s78), the total of the delta time between the adjacent bar line data is obtained, and the beat is calculated based on the resolution data. Is obtained (s79). That is, the total value of the delta time is divided by the resolution data, and the quotient is used as a beat. Thereafter, the process proceeds to s73.

On the other hand, if neither the beat data nor the bar line data is written in the performance data, the process proceeds to s80, in which the delta time is counted by the resolution data from the beginning of the performance data, and the counted up point is counted. Find as position. Then, the beat mark event data of number 0 is written at this beat position as a beat position of which number is unknown (s81). Thereafter, the process proceeds to s75. In this case, when the time signature of this music is input in s75, the beat mark of number 0 is rewritten to the beat mark indicating the beat number.

When the tempo control is performed using the performance data of the resolution system in which the beat mark event data is written in this way, the interruption interval of the reproduction process is expanded and contracted instead of expanding and contracting the delta time as in the above embodiment. Take control.

The present invention may be configured as follows instead of the configuration of the above embodiment.

The performance data is “event + delta time”
However, it may be configured in another format, for example, “event + absolute time”.

Although the beat mark event data is mixed in the performance data, it may be stored in an area different from the performance data. For example, a beat mark may be recorded on a track (channel) where no performance data is recorded. Alternatively, the address value of the performance data in the memory corresponding to the beat timing may be stored for each beat timing, and the beat mark event data may be generated based on the stored address value. The beat mark data stored in this way is
It may be a data file together with the song data, or may be a separate file from the song data file.

In the above embodiment, the beat mark is created in advance of the performance, but the beat mark may be created on the spot while performing automatically.

In the above embodiment, the beat mark event data is written at each beat timing, and the beat mark event data is reduced or corrected according to the tempo data stored in the music. Accordingly, the beat mark may be reduced / corrected on the spot (increase / correct if originally stored in a small state).

Although the tempo is controlled by multiplying the value of the delta time by the tempo coefficient and increasing or decreasing the value of the delta time, the tempo may be changed by changing the processing cycle. When the value of the delta time is changed, the value is not limited to multiplication by a predetermined value, but may be addition.

The present invention can be applied not only to normal automatic performance but also to automatic accompaniment and automatic rhythm performance. Further, it may be accompanied by an image (moving image or still image) such as karaoke.

Although the beat instruction signal (= tempo control signal) is generated based on the swing operation, the tempo control signal may be generated by tapping operation or operation of a performance operator.

The sensor for detecting the swinging operation is not limited to the piezoelectric vibration gyro sensor, but may be an acceleration sensor or a sensor using magnetism or light. It is also possible to take an image of the swing operation and detect the swing operation by image processing.
A plurality of types of sensors may be used in combination. Also,
Although the operation is detected using two gyro sensors, the operation may be detected using three or more gyro sensors. For example, different sensors may be used for the triple meter and for the 2.4 meter, or the operation may be detected by comprehensively judging the outputs of three or more sensors.

The method of detecting characteristic points (peaks and valleys) is not limited to the method in the embodiment. The feature points may be detected using other conditions.

The types of swinging motions to be detected are not limited to the three types in the embodiment, and more types of motions may be detected. For example, in the case of four beats, all actions may be detected as different actions.

A tempo clock may be supplied to the external device to control the performance tempo of the external device.

The transmission of the sensor output from the controller to the automatic performance device may be performed wirelessly or by wire.

In addition to controlling the tempo by operating the controller, other music characteristics such as volume and tone may be controlled. For example, the sound volume may be controlled according to the speed of the swing operation.

[0065]

As described above, according to the present invention, the mark data is automatically generated and stored in correspondence with the music data, so that it is not necessary to manually perform the work of inserting the mark. . In addition, it is possible to record an appropriate mark at an appropriate position by using time signature data and bar line data. Thereby, even if the music piece has no mark data written therein, the tempo control with a good operational feeling can be performed by writing the mark data by this processing.

In addition, since the mark data is generated for each beat timing, it is possible to perform control according to the user's feeling, and to further enhance the operational feeling.

Further, by modifying the mark data in the performance data in accordance with the tempo of the music, it is possible to instruct a tempo corresponding to the speed of the music, thereby further improving the operational feeling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing performance data and a tempo instruction operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a tempo control method of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a beat mark creation operation of the automatic performance device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a tempo instruction detecting operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a reproduction processing operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a view showing an event handling processing operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a beat mark processing operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a tempo calculation processing operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the beat mark creating operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the beat mark creating operation of the automatic performance apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 23,26-piezoelectric gyro sensor

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. Performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, a predetermined time data based on time signature data representing the number of beats in one measure and tempo data representing the time between beats in the performance data. and generates mark data and beat numbers of the mark data for each timing, the mark data generating means for storing in correspondence with the performance data, by a user, an instruction means that timing and beat number is indicated, the The beat number and mark data specified by the
When the beat numbers match, the specified timing interval is compared with the mark data read timing interval accompanying the performance data read, and based on the comparison result.
And an automatic performance control means for controlling the timing of sound generation thereafter . 2. Performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, based on time signature data representing the number of beats in one measure and resolution data representing the number of clocks of a beat interval in the performance data. Mark data generating means for generating mark data and a beat number of the mark data at each predetermined timing, and storing the mark data in correspondence with the performance data; and instructing means for instructing a beat number and its timing by a user; The beat number and mark data specified by the specifying means are
When the beat numbers match, the specified timing interval is compared with the mark data read timing interval accompanying the performance data read, and based on the comparison result.
And an automatic performance control means for controlling the timing of sound generation thereafter . 3. Performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, and based on bar line data and tempo data representing the time of a beat interval in the performance data, mark data and its mark data are provided at predetermined timings. generates a beat number of mark data, the mark data generating means in correspondence with the performance data stores, by the user, beat number and the instruction means that timing is instructed, beats indicated by said instructing means Number and mark data
When the beat numbers match, the specified timing interval is compared with the mark data read timing interval accompanying the performance data read, and based on the comparison result.
And an automatic performance control means for controlling the timing of sound generation thereafter . 4. Performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance, mark data and measure data at predetermined timings based on measure line data and resolution data representing the number of clocks of beat intervals in the performance data. generates a beat number of the mark data, the mark data generating means for storing in correspondence with the performance data, by a user, an instruction means that timing and beat number is indicated, instructed by said instructing means Beat number and mark data
When the beat numbers match, the specified timing interval is compared with the mark data read timing interval accompanying the performance data read, and based on the comparison result.
And an automatic performance control means for controlling the timing of sound generation thereafter . 5. Performance data storage means for storing performance data for performing an automatic performance. Mark data is generated at predetermined timings based on tempo data in the performance data, and the mark data is generated in correspondence with the performance data. a mark data generating means for storing, an instruction unit which timing is instructed by the user, the sound generation timing by comparing the distance between the read timing of mark data associated with the reading of the performance data and timing intervals indicated finger An automatic performance device comprising: an automatic performance control means for controlling. 6. The mark data generating means detects a beat timing in the performance data, and generates the mark data at the position of the beat timing. 6. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic performance device is means for controlling a tempo for each beat by comparing an interval between the set timings and an interval between read timings of the mark data. 7. The automatic performance control means detects a beat number of the designated timing based on a timing instruction form by the instruction means,
4. A means for controlling a tempo on condition that the beat number matches the beat number of the mark data.
5. The automatic performance device according to 4 . 8. An apparatus for performing an automatic performance based on performance data to which mark data has been added at each predetermined timing, comprising: an instruction means for instructing a timing at each predetermined timing by a user; A mark data generating means for increasing or decreasing the mark data in accordance with the set tempo; and generating a sound by comparing the interval of the instructed timing with the interval of the read timing of the increased or decreased mark data.
An automatic performance device comprising: automatic performance control means for controlling timing .