JP3306143B2 - Reversible plow that can increase the piercing angle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reversible plow capable of increasing the piercing angle, and more particularly, to increasing the angle of the bottom with respect to the ground at the start, that is, the so-called piercing angle. The present invention relates to a reversible plow capable of automatically performing a series of these operations, such as increasing the lift height at the time of reversing the work and returning to a predetermined posture after the start of the work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a bottom plow device, which is a typical example of a conventionally known agricultural working machine, when starting work in a field, a bottom mounted on a tractor is pulled from a ground contact state, and the bottom has a suction angle. It is well known that considerable tractor travel distance is required to reach a given depth. This means that even if the plow bottom equipped on the tractor by the three-point hitch mechanism is lowered from the lifted state and comes in contact with the field ground, even if the tractor starts moving from this state, the bottom remains in the soil. The dive is due to the fact that it gradually dives into the soil due to the inherent suction angle given to the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 12, according to a conventional bottom plow, when work is started from an end e of a field f, a distance d of α + β is required to reach a predetermined depth due to a suction angle of the bottom. In other words, in the field, a headland having a size corresponding to the turning amount of the tractor and the distance d in which the bottom reaches a predetermined depth is required.

[0004]

If the headland is too wide, after the work with the plow, it is necessary to process only the headland, and even if the continuous work with the plow is performed efficiently, It is desirable that the headland be as narrow as possible, because the efficiency of the headland processing is reduced. However, the distance d (α + β) is determined by a predetermined suction angle of the bottom. So short, in other words, the headland cannot be narrowed.

In the work using such a bottom plow, even if the width required for turning the tractor is reduced, a distance d (α + β) is required until the bottom reaches a predetermined depth. A relatively large area is required. Therefore, in a relatively narrow field such as Japan, the actual continuous work area by plows is reduced, and more time is required for headland processing work after work, and overall work is efficient. There was a problem that disappeared.

Further, the lift height of the plow working machine is determined by the lift capability of the tractor. Therefore, when performing a reversing operation, when the plow working machine having a plurality of lifted bottoms is driven in reverse, it is turned over. Since the central axis is oriented diagonally upward with respect to the ground, the rotation trajectory draws a conical shape, and the rearmost bottom may contact the ground, preventing smooth reversing work. Was.

Therefore, if the piercing angle can be made relatively large only in the work start state or only during the reversing work, the bottom and the like can be easily pierced into the field, the area of the headland becomes small, and the tractor can be re-circulated. With the required headland area and a small guiding distance, the work can be started immediately, and the bottom can be prevented from touching the ground and hindering the reversing work. Therefore, the present invention increases the angle of the bottom with respect to the field scene only at the start of work in plowing work, in other words, increases the piercing angle so that the bottom or the like reaches a predetermined depth at a short distance and the tractor The height of the lift can be increased beyond the lift capacity of the bottom, and when the bottom reaches a predetermined depth suitable for work, this state is detected and the bottom can be automatically set to the working posture. The purpose is to provide a shivl plow.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a bottom frame having a bottom mounted on the upper and lower sides is mounted on a fixed member such as a mast so that the bottom frame can be inverted by expanding and contracting an inversion drive cylinder. The constructed reversible plow comprises a mast erected at a front end of a mast frame constituting a fixing member, and a top link having one end attached to the mast, and the top link extends in a longitudinal direction thereof. A hydraulic cylinder unit that can be extended and retracted along with a hydraulic circuit that controls the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder unit, wherein the hydraulic circuit has a switching valve that is switched by a sensor that detects a predetermined bottom tillage depth. Supply the pressure oil from the accumulator that stores the energy of the pressure oil from the pump to the hydraulic cylinder unit. The hydraulic cylinder unit starts contracting when the reversing drive cylinder contracts, and keeps the contracted state when the reversing drive cylinder is extended.During the reversing operation, the total length of the top link is shortened, and the mast is temporarily tilted forward, and the bottom Since the piercing angle at the start of work can be increased, in other words, the piercing angle can be increased, so that the lift height can be increased at the time of reversing work, and the angle of the bottom with respect to the ground at the start of work It is characterized in that it can be made large and can be guided to a predetermined depth at a short distance.

[0009]

According to the present invention, the posture of the mast is tilted forward in conjunction with the reversing drive motion of the plow, and the posture is maintained until the reversal is completed, and it is confirmed that the bottom has reached a predetermined depth after the start of work. Upon detection, the length of the top link is extended, and the operation of switching the mast posture to the backward inclination posture, in other words, switching to the work posture, can be automatically controlled.

[0010]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
It will be described with reference to FIG. In these figures,
In FIG. 1 and subsequent figures, reference numeral 10 indicates the entire reversible plow of the present invention, and the reversible plow is a bottom frame.
A plurality of bottoms 12 are mounted above and below the frame 11, and a front frame 13 is provided at the foremost end of the bottom frame 11 so as to extend in the working width direction. A position eccentric from the axis is supported by a cylinder rod 14A of the reversing drive cylinder 14, and an upper end of the reversing drive cylinder 14 is supported by a mast 21 forming a mast device 20 described later.

Further, this reversible plow 10
The mast 21 is located on the front side of the front frame 13,
With respect to the non-rotating fixed member including the mast 21, each member behind the front frame 13 about the rotation shaft 15 is rotatable.

The mast 21 has a shape in which the lower end is widened in the working width direction, and is integrated between the lower ends by a mounting frame 24 having a length in the working width direction. The part is provided with a hitch pin 23 for mounting the lower link (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The mast 21 is fixed so as not to change its posture during the reverse rotation, and the bottom frame 11 is rotatable with the mast 21 together with the front frame 13. The reversing operation for reversing the bottom frame 11 is performed by the contraction of the reversing drive cylinder 14 and the next extension cycle.

Such a reversible plow 10 is mounted on the tractor T by means of a conventionally known three-point hitch type suspension, a so-called lower link or top link. L is configured to be able to expand and contract along the length direction.

The top link L has a hydraulic cylinder unit 30 at an intermediate portion thereof, and the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is connected to a hydraulic circuit including the reversing drive cylinder 14 of the plow frame 10, and the hydraulic circuit is composed of two hydraulic circuits. A 4-port switching valve 33A and an orifice 33 for controlling the position of the switching valve 33A.
B, a line 36 which comprises a differential pressure generating circuit 33 comprising a check valve 33C and a relief valve 33D, and which constitutes a hydraulic drive source mounted on the tractor by the lines 34, 35;
It is configured to be connected to the ports of the operation valve 41 via 37 respectively.

The operation valve 41 includes a pump P and a tank T which constitute a hydraulic drive source mounted on the tractor T.
K through conduits 42 and 43. The operation valve 41 and the differential pressure generating circuit 33 are connected to the switching valve 33A.
And finally connected to the pump P and the oil tank TK by pipes 42 and 43 extending from the operation valve 41.

A pipe 38 connected to the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is connected to the right chamber 31R of the cylinder 31 by a pipe 3
9 is connected to the left chamber 31L at one end, the other end of the pipe 38 is connected to the pipe 37, and the other end of the pipe 39 extending from the left chamber 31L is connected to the pipe 36. Each is connected.

Further, pilot check valves 38A and 39A which can be opened artificially are provided in the pipes 38 and 39.
The pilot check valve 39A
Has a pipe 38, and the pilot check valve 38A has pipes 38X and 39X connected to a pipe 55 described later.

When the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 contracts, the mast 21 is inclined forward (FIG. 7), and when the mast 21 is extended, in other words, when it returns to its normal length,
The mast 21 is in a rearwardly inclined (standing) state (FIG. 8), and assumes a normal working posture as a reversible plow.

In other words, the hydraulic cylinder unit 3
When the length of the top link L is reduced by the contraction of the top link L, the upper end of the mast 21 is drawn toward the tractor, and is in a state suitable for starting work by the plow device. When the unit 30 is extended, the entire length of the top link L is extended, and the plow device is in a normal working state.

Further, a pipe 52 connected to the pressure accumulator 50 is branched and connected to the pipe 38 via a check valve 51. A pipe 53 branched from the pipe 52 detects the depth of the bottom. Is connected to the detection valve 54.

The detection valve 54 is of a two-port two-position type (positions 54X and 54Y), and is located closer to the hydraulic cylinder 30 than the check valve 39A of the pipe 39 via a check valve 55A via a pipe 55. It is connected to a conduit 39.

The position 54X of the detection valve 54 is a position for closing the line 53 from the accumulator 50 with respect to the line 55, and the position 54Y of the detection valve 54 is a position for opening the line 55.

The contact 54A of the detection valve 54 contacts an arm 62 of a gage wheel 61 attached to the bottom frame 11, and the arm 62 is connected to the bottom frame 11.
The contact 54A is prevented from being pushed more than the stroke of the detection valve 54 by the stopper 56 provided at the bottom.

In other words, the projecting range of the contact 54A is within the range in which the gauge wheel 61 can swing, and when the bottom reaches a predetermined depth, the position 5 of the detection valve 54 is reduced.
By selecting 4Y, the pipelines 53 and 55 are opened, and the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 can be extended.

Next, in conjunction with the reversing operation of the reversible plow 10, ie, the reversing driving operation, the mast 21
The process of changing the posture of the user will be described. First, in the reversing drive operation, the reversing drive cylinder 14 is expanded and contracted.
Is almost reversed, and the remaining extension is performed by the next extension movement. To perform this operation, first, the position of the operation valve 41 in the tractor T is switched to 41C, and the pressure oil from the pump P is changed. Is supplied from the pipe 37 to the pipe 34 from the normal X position of the switching valve 33A, and is supplied to the right chamber 14R of the reversing drive cylinder 14.

As a result, the reversing drive cylinder 14 contracts, and the bottom frame 11 is reversed by pulling up the front frame 13. At this time, the piston fills the stroke (on the drawing). When moving to the left, pressure is no longer applied to the line 35 of the differential pressure generating circuit 33, and the relief valve 33D is switched to a direction in which the spring contracts to open the passage, whereby the hydraulic pressure from the line 34 is reduced. By applying the operating pressure to the switching valve 33A, the switching valve 33A is switched to the position Y.

Switching valve 33A switched to position Y
Then, the pressure oil from the pump P is supplied to the orifice 33
Through B, the check valve 33C is further opened, and the check valve 33C is added to the left chamber 14L of the reversing drive cylinder 14, and the reversing drive cylinder 14 starts to extend.

Prior to the start of the expansion / contraction movement of the reversing drive cylinder 14, the operation valve 41 is selected to the position 41C in the tractor T, so that the pressure is applied to the pipe 38 branched from the pipe 37 at a position close to the oil pump P. The oil is supplied, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the right chamber 31R of the hydraulic cylinder unit 30, the length of the top link L as a whole is contracted, and the mast 21 is attracted to the tractor side to be inclined forward. In this state, the above-described reversal driving operation is performed.

At this time, a part of the pressure oil supplied to the pipe 38 opens the check valve 51 and is supplied to the accumulator 50 to store the pressure. When the operation valve 41 is set to the position 41A, the pressure oil from the pump P is supplied from the pipe 36 to the pipe 39, flows into the left chamber 31L of the hydraulic cylinder unit 30, extends the hydraulic cylinder unit 30, and The length of the entire link L is extended, whereby the mast 21 is in a backward tilted posture, which is a posture suitable for work as a plow device.

The pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 from the accumulator 50 storing the energy of the pressure oil from the pump via the switching valve 41, and the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 contracts the reversing drive cylinder 14. When the reversing drive cylinder 14 is extended, the contraction state is maintained even when the reversing drive cylinder 14 is extended. During the reversing operation, the total length of the top link is shortened, the mast is temporarily set to the forward inclined posture, and the bottom is guided to a predetermined depth. When this is detected via the gauge wheel 61, the position of the detection valve 51 is selectively opened to extend the entire length of the top link L.

The above operation is performed when the operation valve 41 of the tractor T is operated. However, even when this operation is not performed, the posture of the mast 21 can be set to the backward inclination posture. That is, in the lifted state, the gage wheel 6 is moved by its own weight.
1 is vertical with respect to the ground, but when the bottom is guided to a predetermined depth, the gage wheel 61 rides on the ground while slightly diving, and in this state, the detection valve 5
4 is pressed by the arm 62 to select the position 54Y.
Left chamber 31 of hydraulic cylinder unit 30 via 3 and 55
L.

As a result, the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is extended, the length of the top link L is extended, and the mast 2
The posture of the bottom 12 is brought into a working state by setting 1 to the backward inclined posture. In other words, from the lifted state to the bottom 1
When the work is started by lowering 2, when the predetermined depth is reached, the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is automatically extended, and the mast 21 is in the backward inclined posture, and the plow device is in a posture suitable for the work.

This is called an auto mode, and the mast 21 is tilted forward when the motor is driven in reverse, so that the ground height of the rear bottom, that is, the lift height is particularly increased. , And when you start working in this state,
Since the insertion angle of the bottom is larger than that in the working state, the bottom can be guided to a predetermined depth with a short distance α as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, if the position of the operation valve 41 in the tractor is set to 41B, the return oil 38 in the right chamber 31R of the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is returned to the check valve 38.
Since it is closed by A, the contracted state is maintained, and the mast is held in the forwardly inclined posture in the lifted state, so that it is used for loading work and ridge crossing work (mast locked state).

The operation is started by setting the position of the operation valve 41 in the tractor to 41B.
In this state, no hydraulic work is performed on the plow side, which is convenient during movement.

Furthermore, the operating valve 41 in the tractor
Is set to 41B and the hydraulic cylinder unit 3
1 and the check valves 38A, 39A
Is artificially released, the piston inside the hydraulic cylinder unit 31 loses the supporting force, and the mast 21 is in a free state, so that the mast 21 can follow the plowing work on the wavy land.

In the above description, an example in which the mast attitude is controlled in such a manner that the length of the top link L is expanded or contracted has been described.
The mast device 20 is formed by a fixed mast 21A and a movable mast 21B that can rotate in an appropriate range with respect to the fixed mast 21.
A corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 of the top link is mounted between A and the movable mast 21B, and the posture of the movable mast is controlled by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 so that the posture of the entire plow device can be selected. It is also possible.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a movable mast 21B is attached to a fixed mast 21A by a pivot 26, and a top link attachment hole 22 is formed in the movable mast 21B.

As the hydraulic circuit for controlling the hydraulic cylinder unit 30, the one described in the above embodiment is used.

In this case, when the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 contracts, the distance between the movable mast 21B and the fixed mast 21A is reduced, and the movable mast 21B is tilted rearward, that is, in a so-called backward tilted posture (FIG. 9). Further, when the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is extended, the movable mast 21B assumes a standing forward inclined posture suitable for work (FIG. 10).

When the rod which is one end of the hydraulic cylinder unit 30 is mounted on the movable mast 21B side and the cylinder is mounted on the front side of the fixed mast 21A, the hydraulic cylinder unit 30
Can be set to the forward tilting posture by contraction, and can be set to the rearward tilting posture by extension.

In the above description, the gage wheel has been described as a means for detecting that the bottom has reached the predetermined plowing depth. However, other means such as skids and three-point links, particularly lower links, may be used. The mast can be controlled by detecting a change in the posture of the mast.

[0044]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the reversible plow of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the top link L on which the plow is mounted on the tractor, and between the fixed mast and the movable mast. Since the length of the mast is reduced by incorporating the unit, the mast is tilted forward and backward, in other words, in conjunction with the contraction of the reversing drive cylinder.
When the plow device is lifted, the piercing angle can be increased, and the distance required for the bottom to reach the predetermined depth from the start of work can be shortened. When the operation is started, the bottom can be automatically set to a posture suitable for the operation, and the lift height during the reversing operation can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a reversible plow of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the reversible plow of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the reversible plow of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a relationship between a mast device and a top link.

FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the relationship between the mast device and the front frame.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram including a hydraulic cylinder unit.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a forward tilt state of the mast.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a backward tilt state of the mast.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the relationship between the movable mast and the fixed mast, in which the movable mast has a rearwardly inclined posture.

FIG. 10 is a side view in which the movable mast is in a backward inclined posture.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a work start state of the reversible plow of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a work start state of a conventional reversible plow.

[Explanation of symbols]

 T Tractor L Top link 10 Plow device 11 Bottom frame 12 Bottom 20 Mast device 21 Mast 21A Fixed mast 21B Mast 22 Top link mounting hole 23 Hitch pin 24 Mounting frame 25 Mounting pin 30 Hydraulic drive cylinder 31 Cylinder 32 Rod 33 Differential pressure generating circuit 33A Switching valve 33B Orifice 33C Check valve 33D Relief valve 34 Pipe 35 Pipe 36 Pipe 37 Pipe 38 Pipe 39 Pipe 38A Pilot check valve 39A Pilot check valve 38X Pipe 39X Pipe 41 Operating valve 41A Position 41B Position 41C Position 50 Accumulator 51 Check valve 52 Pipe 53 Pipe 54 Detector valve 55 Pipe 56 Stopper

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-183601 (JP, A) JP-A-62-32803 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01B 3/40

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A reversible plow comprising a bottom frame having a bottom attached vertically and a reversible plow mounted on a mast, a front frame or the like by a reversible drive cylinder so that the bottom frame can be inverted. A mast erected on the front frame, and a top link having one end attached to the mast, the top link being a hydraulic cylinder unit that can expand and contract along its length, The hydraulic circuit includes a switching valve that is switched by a sensor that detects a predetermined bottom tillage depth, and the hydraulic cylinder unit starts contracting when the reversing drive cylinder contracts, Even when the cylinder is extended, the contracted state is maintained, and during the reversing operation, the total length of the top link is shortened. Once the strike is in the forward leaning position, the entire length of the top link is extended when it is detected that the bottom is guided to a predetermined depth, and the piercing angle can be increased at the start of the work of the bottom. Reversible plow. 2. A reversible plow comprising a bottom frame having an upper and lower bottom mounted on a mast, a front frame or the like so that the bottom frame can be inverted by expansion and contraction of a reversing drive cylinder. The mast device is formed by a fixed mast and a movable mast, and provided with a hydraulic cylinder unit that can expand and contract between the fixed mast and the movable mast, and one end and the other end thereof are attached to the fixed mast and the movable mast, respectively. The hydraulic cylinder unit has a hydraulic circuit that controls expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder unit, and the hydraulic circuit includes a switching valve that is switched by a sensor that detects a bottom contact state. Supplying pressure oil from a pressure accumulator storing energy to the hydraulic cylinder unit, The hydraulic cylinder unit starts contracting when the reversing drive cylinder contracts, and maintains the contracted state even when the reversing drive cylinder is extended.During the reversing operation, the total length of the hydraulic cylinder unit is shortened, and the mast is temporarily tilted forward, When detecting that the bottom is guided to a predetermined depth, the entire length of the hydraulic cylinder unit is extended to move the movable mast so that the piercing angle can be increased at the time of starting work on the bottom. −
Shiburu plow. 3. The reversible plow according to claim 1, wherein a gauge wheel is used as a sensor for detecting a predetermined tillage depth. 4. The reversible plow according to claim 1, wherein a skid is used as a sensor for detecting a predetermined tillage depth. 5. The reversible plow according to claim 1, wherein a change in posture of the three-point link is used as means for detecting the predetermined tillage depth.