JP3314518B2 - Liquid separation membrane - Google Patents
Liquid separation membraneInfo
- Publication number
- JP3314518B2 JP3314518B2 JP06764994A JP6764994A JP3314518B2 JP 3314518 B2 JP3314518 B2 JP 3314518B2 JP 06764994 A JP06764994 A JP 06764994A JP 6764994 A JP6764994 A JP 6764994A JP 3314518 B2 JP3314518 B2 JP 3314518B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- pmsp
- liquid separation
- separation membrane
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229920003242 poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、液体分離膜に関する。
更に詳しくは、浸透気化法による分離などに有効に用い
られる液体分離膜に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid separation membrane.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a liquid separation membrane effectively used for separation by a pervaporation method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ポリ[1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロピ
ン] (ＰＭＳＰ) の膜状物は、低分子化合物の透過性に
すぐれているため、酸素富化膜、有機溶媒選択透過性浸
透気化膜などとしての用途が注目されている。2. Description of the Related Art A membrane of poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] (PMSP) is excellent in permeability of low molecular weight compounds, so it is an oxygen-enriched membrane and a permselective vaporizer of an organic solvent. Attention has been paid to applications as films and the like.
【０００３】ＰＭＳＰ膜を用いて、有機溶媒を含む水か
ら有機溶媒を選択的に透過分離する浸透気化法に用いる
場合、極性の大きい分子の分離係数が小さく、実用性の
点で問題となっている。即ち、浸透気化法での分離対象
の有機溶媒は、低分子アルコール、有機塩素化合物、ケ
トン、芳香族化合物等であり、この内有機塩素化合物
は、オゾン層を破壊したり、発ガン性を示すなどの問題
がみられ、そのため水中に溶解している有機塩素化合物
を膜によって分離することが検討されている。When a PMSP membrane is used in a pervaporation method in which an organic solvent is selectively permeated and separated from water containing an organic solvent, the separation coefficient of a molecule having a large polarity is small, which poses a problem in practicality. I have. That is, the organic solvent to be separated by the pervaporation method is a low molecular alcohol, an organic chlorine compound, a ketone, an aromatic compound, and the like, and the organic chlorine compound destroys the ozone layer and exhibits carcinogenicity. Therefore, separation of an organic chlorine compound dissolved in water by a membrane has been studied.
【０００４】かかる目的でＰＭＳＰ膜を用いると、有機
塩素化合物は水に対して優先的に透過・分離除去される
ことが知られており、その際トリクロロエチレンやテト
ラクロロエチレン等の極性の小さい有機塩素化合物の水
に対する分離係数は数100程度と大きいものの、1,1,1-
トリクロロエタン等の極性の大きい有機塩素化合物の分
離係数は小さく、その点での改善が望まれている。When a PMSP membrane is used for this purpose, it is known that the organic chlorine compound is preferentially permeated / separated and removed from water. The separation coefficient for water is as large as several hundreds, but 1,1,1-
The separation coefficient of a highly polar organic chlorine compound such as trichloroethane is small, and improvement in that point is desired.
【０００５】また、ＰＭＳＰにシリコーンゴムをブレン
ドした膜を浸透気化膜として用いることも行われている
が[第9回次世代産業基盤技術シンポジウム-高機能性高
分子材料-予稿集(II)第793〜837頁]、この場合にはＰＭ
ＳＰ単独膜と比べて分離係数、透過速度が共に小さくな
っており、シリコーンゴムの割合が多い程、分離係数、
透過速度は小さくなっている。即ち、ＰＭＳＰとシリコ
ーンゴムとは相溶性がいいので、ＰＭＳＰ膜のポリマー
粒子の隙間にシリコーンゴムが入り込み、そのため液体
としてアルコールを用いた場合でも、その透過速度が小
さくなることがその原因と考えられている。[0005] In addition, a membrane obtained by blending silicone rubber with PMSP has been used as a pervaporation membrane. [Ninth Symposium on Next-Generation Industrial Technology-Highly Functional Polymer Materials-Proceedings (II) 793-837], in this case PM
Both the separation coefficient and the permeation rate are smaller than those of the SP alone membrane.
The transmission speed is small. That is, since PMSP and silicone rubber have good compatibility, silicone rubber enters into the gaps between the polymer particles of the PMSP film, and therefore, even when alcohol is used as the liquid, the permeation speed is considered to be low. ing.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、浸透
気化法による分離などに有効に用いられるポリ[1-(トリ
メチルシリル)-1-プロピン]系液体分離膜であって、極
性の大きい有機塩素化合物を水から分離するのに用いた
場合にあっても、分離係数を大きく改善されたものを提
供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] -based liquid separation membrane effectively used for separation by a pervaporation method and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a material having a greatly improved separation coefficient even when a chlorine compound is used for separating water from water.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】かかる本発明の目的は、
ポリ[1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロピン]99.5〜50重量%
および分子中に不飽和結合を有するゴム状物質0.5〜50
重量%のブレンド物から成膜された液体分離膜によって
達成される。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is as follows.
Poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] 99.5-50% by weight
And a rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in the molecule 0.5 to 50
Achieved by a liquid separation membrane formed from a weight percent blend.
【０００８】分子中に不飽和結合を有するゴム状物質、
例えばＮＢＲ、クロロプレンゴム等を膜状に製膜し、こ
れを水からの有機塩素化合物の分離に用いると、透過速
度はＰＭＳＰよりも２桁も小さくなるが、分離係数が数
1000以上になることが知られており(J. of Applied Pol
ymer Sci. 第47巻第2227〜2243頁、1993年)、しかるに
このようなゴム状物質膜には機械的な強度がなく、従っ
て薄膜化ができないので分離膜としての実用性に本質的
に欠けている。A rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in the molecule,
For example, when NBR, chloroprene rubber, or the like is formed into a film and used for separating an organic chlorine compound from water, the permeation rate is two orders of magnitude lower than that of PMSP, but the separation coefficient is several times smaller.
It is known to be over 1000 (J. of Applied Pol
ymer Sci. Vol. 47, pp. 2227-2243, 1993) However, such a rubber-like material membrane has no mechanical strength and therefore cannot be made into a thin film, so that it lacks practicality as a separation membrane. ing.
【０００９】本発明においては、このような分子中に不
飽和結合を有するゴム状物質をＰＭＳＰとブレンドして
用いることにより、実用的な膜強度を有し、しかも極性
の大きい有機塩素化合物を浸透気化法で水から分離する
方法に使用した場合でも、ＰＭＳＰが本来有する透過速
度を実質的に維持しながら、水に対する分離係数を高め
た液体分離膜が得られている。In the present invention, such a rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in a molecule is blended with PMSP to be used, so that organic chlorine compounds having practical film strength and high polarity can be penetrated. Even when used in a method of separating water from water by a vaporization method, a liquid separation membrane having an increased separation coefficient for water has been obtained while substantially maintaining the permeation speed inherent to PMSP.
【００１０】分子中に不飽和結合を有するゴム状物質と
しては、各種ニトリル含量のＮＢＲ、ポリブタジエンゴ
ム、クロロプレンゴム、ＥＰＤＭ等が好んで用いられ、
それのブレンド割合はＰＭＳＰとの合計量中約0.5〜50
重量%、好ましくは約3〜15重量%であるが、クロロプレ
ンゴムにあっては透過速度を低下させないために約0.5
〜30重量%、好ましくは約1〜15重量%の範囲内にある。
これ以下のブレンド割合では、ＰＭＳＰ単独膜の分離透
過性能と殆んど変わらず、一方これ以上の割合でブレン
ドして用いると、膜が不均質となり、機械的強度を著し
く低下させる。As the rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in the molecule, NBR having various nitrile contents, polybutadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, EPDM and the like are preferably used.
Its blend ratio is about 0.5-50 in the total amount with PMSP
%, Preferably about 3 to 15% by weight, but in chloroprene rubber, about 0.5
%, Preferably in the range of about 1-15% by weight.
If the blending ratio is lower than this, there is almost no difference from the separation and permeation performance of the PMSP alone membrane.
【００１１】ブレンド物の製膜は、ＰＭＳＰとゴム状物
質とを両者の共通の溶媒、例えばクロロホルム、n-ヘキ
サン、n-ヘプタン、ベンゼン、トルエン、更には蒸気圧
が0.1〜30mmHg/25℃のn-パラフィン、具体的にはC8〜C
12のn-パラフィン(特願平5-149,717号参照)等に溶解
し、その溶液をガラス板、テフロンシート等の平坦なあ
るいは多孔質の基質上に流延し、溶媒を蒸発させるキャ
スティング法によって一般には行われるが、水面展開法
によっても製膜が行われる。In forming a film of the blend, PMSP and the rubber-like substance are mixed with a common solvent such as chloroform, n-hexane, n-heptane, benzene, and toluene, and further, when the vapor pressure is 0.1 to 30 mmHg / 25 ° C. n- paraffins, in particular C 8 -C
Was dissolved in 12 of n- paraffins (see Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 5-149,717), etc., glass plate and the solution was cast on a substrate of a flat or porous Teflon sheet or the like, by casting to evaporate the solvent Although generally performed, film formation is also performed by a water surface spreading method.
【００１２】得られたブレンド膜は、浸透気化法などに
用いられるため、約0.1〜100μm、好ましくは約1〜50μ
m程度の厚さに製膜される。Since the obtained blend membrane is used for a pervaporation method or the like, it is about 0.1 to 100 μm, preferably about 1 to 50 μm.
The film is formed to a thickness of about m.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】ポリ[1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロピ
ン]に少量の分子中に不飽和結合を有するゴム状物質を
ブレンドして製膜することにより、機械的強度にすぐれ
た液体分離膜が得られ、これを有機塩素化合物、特に極
性の大きい有機塩素化合物を水から分離する浸透気化法
に使用した場合には、ポリ[1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プ
ロピン]が本来有する透過速度を実質的に低下させるこ
となく、分離係数が高められるという効果が得られる。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION A liquid separation membrane having excellent mechanical strength by blending poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] with a small amount of a rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in a molecule to form a membrane. When this is used in a pervaporation method for separating an organochlorine compound, particularly a highly polar organochlorine compound from water, the permeation rate inherent in poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] is reduced. The effect of increasing the separation coefficient without substantially lowering is obtained.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
【００１５】実施例１ ＰＭＳＰ(ポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量約150万) 1.35g ＮＢＲ(日本ゼオン製品DN207,AN含量33%) 0.15g トルエン 98.50g を用い、ＰＭＳＰおよびＮＢＲを６時間かけて室温下で
溶解させた。この溶液をガラス板上に流延し、一昼夜風
乾した後、水中でガラス板から剥がし、２日間真空乾燥
して、厚さ約30μmのブレンド膜を得た。Example 1 PMSP (polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight: about 1.5 million) 1.35 g NBR (Nippon Zeon's DN207, 33% AN content) 0.15 g Using 98.50 g of toluene, PMSP and NBR were added at room temperature for 6 hours. And dissolved. This solution was cast on a glass plate, air-dried all day and night, peeled off from the glass plate in water, and vacuum-dried for 2 days to obtain a blend film having a thickness of about 30 μm.
【００１６】実施例２ 実施例１において、他のＮＢＲ(日本ゼオン製品2807NB,
AN含量18%)のものが同量用いられた。Example 2 In Example 1, other NBRs (Nippon Zeon 2807NB,
(AN content 18%) was used in the same amount.
【００１７】実施例３ 実施例１において、ＮＢＲの代わりに、ポリブタジエン
ゴム(日本合成ゴム製品BR-01)が同量用いられた。Example 3 In Example 1, instead of NBR, polybutadiene rubber (JA-01 synthetic rubber product BR-01) was used in the same amount.
【００１８】実施例４ 実施例１において、ＮＢＲの代わりに、クロロプレンゴ
ム(昭和電工・デュポン製品SND-35)が同量用いられた。Example 4 In Example 1, chloroprene rubber (SND-35 manufactured by Showa Denko, DuPont) was used in the same amount instead of NBR.
【００１９】比較例１ 実施例１において、ＰＭＳＰ量を1.50gに変更し、ＮＢ
Ｒを用いなかった。Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the amount of PMSP was changed to 1.50 g, and NB
No R was used.
【００２０】比較例２ ＰＭＳＰ 0.7gおよびＮＢＲ(DN207)0.8gをトルエン98.5
gに溶解させた溶液を、ガラス板上に流延し、一昼夜風
乾した後、水中でガラス板から剥がしたが、形成された
膜は不均質で所々に約1〜2mm径の孔があいており、その
強度は著しく小さかった。Comparative Example 2 0.7 g of PMSP and 0.8 g of NBR (DN207) were mixed with 98.5 of toluene.
The solution dissolved in g was cast on a glass plate, air-dried all day and night, and then peeled off from the glass plate in water.The formed film was heterogeneous and had holes with a diameter of about 1 to 2 mm in some places. And its strength was remarkably low.
【００２１】以上の各実施例および比較例１で得られた
各膜について、供給液濃度約8ppmの1,1,1-トリクロロエ
タン(ＴＣＥ)水溶液のパーベーパレーションによる分離
実験を、常法に従って操作温度40℃、膜の透過側圧力約
１Torrの条件下で、分離係数α(TCE/H2O)を求めた。 α(TCE/H2O)＝(X2/Y2)／(X1/Y1) X1：供給側のTCE濃度(重量%) X2：透過側のTCE濃度(重量%) Y1：供給側の水の濃度(重量%) Y2：透過側の水の濃度(重量%)For the membranes obtained in each of the above Examples and Comparative Example 1, a separation experiment by pervaporation of a 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCE) aqueous solution having a feed solution concentration of about 8 ppm was conducted in accordance with a conventional method. The separation coefficient α (TCE / H 2 O) was determined under the conditions of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a pressure on the permeate side of the membrane of about 1 Torr. α (TCE / H 2 O) = (X 2 / Y 2 ) / (X 1 / Y 1 ) X 1 : TCE concentration on the supply side (% by weight) X 2 : TCE concentration on the transmission side (% by weight) Y 1 : Concentration of water on the supply side (% by weight) Y 2 : Concentration of water on the permeation side (% by weight)
【００２２】また、単位時間当りトラップに採取された
液体の重量から透過係数(単位：106kg・m/m2・hr)を算
出した。得られた結果は、次の表に示される。 Further, the permeability coefficient (unit: 10 6 kg · m / m 2 · hr) was calculated from the weight of the liquid collected in the trap per unit time. The results obtained are shown in the following table.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平４−22425（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−221129（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−207101（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−101212（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−7655（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−339618（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−100905（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特表 平７−507235（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B01D 71/44 B01D 61/36 B01D 71/70 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-22425 (JP, A) JP-A-3-221129 (JP, A) JP-A-1-207101 (JP, A) JP-A-61- 101212 (JP, A) JP-A-6-7655 (JP, A) JP-A-6-339618 (JP, A) JP-A-63-100905 (JP, A) Japanese Translation of PCT Application No. Hei 7-507235 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B01D 71/44 B01D 61/36 B01D 71/70
Claims (2)
ン]99.5〜50重量%および分子中に不飽和結合を有するゴ
ム状物質0.5〜50重量%のブレンド物から成膜された液体
分離膜。1. A liquid separation membrane formed from a blend of 99.5 to 50% by weight of poly [1- (trimethylsilyl) -1-propyne] and 0.5 to 50% by weight of a rubbery substance having an unsaturated bond in a molecule. .
に用いられる請求項１記載の液体分離膜。2. The liquid separation membrane according to claim 1, which is used for separating an organic chlorine compound by a pervaporation method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06764994A JP3314518B2 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 1994-03-11 | Liquid separation membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06764994A JP3314518B2 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 1994-03-11 | Liquid separation membrane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07251047A JPH07251047A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
| JP3314518B2 true JP3314518B2 (en) | 2002-08-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06764994A Expired - Fee Related JP3314518B2 (en) | 1994-03-11 | 1994-03-11 | Liquid separation membrane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3314518B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MY172992A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2019-12-17 | Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia | A membrane, a method for preparing the same and a use thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-03-11 JP JP06764994A patent/JP3314518B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07251047A (en) | 1995-10-03 |
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