JP3325066B2 - Planar arrangement of chemical reaction vessels - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant utilizing a chemical reaction process, and more particularly to a chemical reaction plant in which a large number of large and large-sized chemical reaction vessels are arranged on a plane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional method of arranging chemical reaction vessels in a plane, as shown in FIG. 2 of JP-A-62-115674, a space between reaction vessels is formed by four adjacent reaction vessels. In general, it is a method of disposing the reaction vessels at the intersections of grids made up of straight lines that are orthogonal to each other.Therefore, transporting the chemical reaction vessels during maintenance is carried out by hanging them with a ceiling crane in a rectangular building. It was normal to do.

[0003]

In general, in an important plant, an installation space for a chemical reaction vessel is sufficiently provided to improve maintainability. However, as the size of the plant increases, the number of chemical reaction vessels also increases in proportion to it, and in the case of a large-scale plant with tens or hundreds of chemical reaction vessels, the If the method of arranging containers is arranged in a plane, a very large site area is required, which also causes a cost increase. Therefore, when constructing a large-scale plant, there has been a demand for a dense arrangement of chemical reaction vessels without sacrificing maintainability.

[0004] The present invention proposes a specific method of densely disposing the chemical reaction vessels, and causes a problem in plant operation and maintenance caused when the method is applied to a chemical reaction plant having a large number of chemical reaction vessels. The purpose is to propose specific countermeasures.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, as a specific method for increasing the density of a chemical reaction vessel, the reaction vessels are arranged in a honeycomb to minimize the dead space, and at the same time, the supply / discharge systems of the reaction vessels are grouped. The above object is achieved by maintaining the rationality in the operation management of the plant, and by rationalizing the crane operation at the time of maintenance by setting the movement route of the container transport crane to be circular.

[0006] Densification in arrangement is premised on the assumption that the cross-sectional shape of the chemical reaction vessel is a circle or a shape similar to a circle,
It depends on how much the dead space between adjacent reaction vessels can be minimized. Obviously, a honeycomb arrangement is preferred. In other words, it is clear that the dead space created by bringing the same three circles is smaller than the dead space created by the gap when four identical circles are brought together, and the dead space at the end face of the container group is clear. The addition of the area does not change its advantage or disadvantage.

A specific description will be given with reference to FIG. When m reactors with a radius r are installed horizontally and n vertically, a total of m × n reactors are installed in a grid on a site with a rectangular area, that is, one dead space is formed by four containers. If the required site area is S ₁ when the arrangement is possible, S ₁ = 4r ² mn ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (1) , i.e. site area S ₂ required in the case of the arrangement can be one dead space by the three containers is as follows. Here, when m = 6 and n = 5, equations (1) and (2)
Than Thus, the site area can be reduced by about 10%.

Therefore, in the present invention, the required site area is minimized by arranging the chemical reaction vessels in a planar manner in a honeycomb shape. Next, it is general that the reaction vessel group in the plant is divided into several groups and arranged in series, so that different operation states can be taken for each series so that the operation of the plant has flexibility. Therefore, it is necessary to group the reaction containers. When grouping the reaction vessels, care must be taken to ensure that the supply and discharge piping and wiring cables connected to the reaction vessels are rationally arranged, and that the grouping be understood intuitively. There is. From these viewpoints, the present invention employs a parallelogram grouping.

Further, in the above-mentioned group of densely arranged reaction vessels, there is a problem in the operation of the crane at the time of replacement and maintenance of a single-piece vessel therein. That is, in an overhead crane in a normal rectangular building, since the range covered by the pickup is rectangular, the overhead crane does not match the above honeycomb-shaped dense arrangement. In the present invention, an overhead crane having a circumferential rail route is adopted in order to solve this problem, make the actual container arrangement coincide with the moving cover range of the crane, and avoid an unnecessary increase in the site area.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the required site area can be minimized by arranging the chemical reaction vessels in a planar manner in a honeycomb shape. At this time, if parallelogram grouping is adopted, the arrangement of supply / discharge piping and wiring cables connected to the reaction vessel can be rationalized. That is, in the case of the parallelogram type grouping, it is easy to arrange the supply system of the chemical reaction group and the discharge system of the reaction products and the like along the container row parallel to one side of the parallelogram. In addition, since the pipes and wiring cables of each adjacent supply / discharge system have the same path length, they can be treated almost equally after the branch of the main pipe, and the process control of the supply / discharge system for each individual container in the container row. Can be treated in much the same way. Therefore, there is an advantage that the control valve control system for each system in each group can be simplified, or the control valve itself for each system can be omitted. On the other hand, in the case of a grouping other than the parallelogram type, for example, in the case of a triangular grouping in which the parallelogram is divided into two, the path length of the supply / drainage pipe after the branch of the mother pipe differs between adjacent systems. Therefore, a control valve is required for each system, and the operation for balancing the flow rate of the process stream for each reaction vessel becomes complicated.

Further, the adoption of the parallelogram type grouping makes it possible to intuitively understand the grouping.
That is, if a honeycomb-like arrangement is adopted for densification,
Since there is a diagonal spread in addition to the vertical and horizontal relationship, it is difficult to identify the system classification at a glance when looking at the plant from a bird's-eye view.For example, it is difficult for plant operators to intuitively specify the reaction vessel to be monitored. It is expected to be difficult. Furthermore, as a result of the densification, it is expected that it will be difficult to intuitively grasp which containers from which containers are handled as a batch. In other words, the honeycomb-shaped dense arrangement is liable to cause erroneous judgment of the operator or the observer at the time of a driving operation or the like, but the grouping of each parallelogram makes it possible to intuitively grasp the grouping. Will not occur.

Further, by employing an overhead crane having a circumferential rail route, the dense arrangement of the honeycomb shape and the movable cover range of the crane can be matched.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A description will be given of an example of a hydrogen production plant including 90 cylindrical chemical reaction vessels having a diameter of 3 m. A chemical reaction vessel in the plant converts a raw material gas such as natural gas or coal gas supplied from a supply pipe into high-purity hydrogen gas and discharges it from a discharge pipe.

FIG. 1 shows a plane arrangement in which 90 chemical reaction vessels 1 are all of the same design and are installed in all. In FIG. 1, the chemical reaction vessel 1 has a regular hexagonal honeycomb dense arrangement in contact with the same six adjacent vessels except for the center and the edge. Here, the term “contact” does not indicate that the individual containers are in mechanical contact with each other, but refers to a state in which the boundaries evaluated for the minimum separation distance to be secured as one container are adjacent to each other. I have.

A characteristic point of this arrangement is that, in the case of three similar chemical reaction vessels 1 adjacent to each other, the triangle formed by connecting the respective center points becomes an equilateral triangle, and when four are arranged in a grid. In comparison, the central dead space is minimized. Even in the case of a combination of chemical reaction vessels having different vessel diameters, the dead space formed in the center is minimized when the three vessels are arranged adjacent to each other. Now, assuming that a space of 1 m is provided between the containers for maintenance or the like, a site area of about 1230 m ² is required in the case of the densely arranged honeycomb shape shown in FIG. On the other hand, if this is arranged in a rectangular arrangement of 10 horizontally and 9 vertically as in the conventional case, a site area of about 1370 m ² is required. Therefore, if the honeycomb-like dense arrangement as in the present invention is used, the site area can be reduced by about 140 m ² as compared with the conventional lattice-like arrangement.

A point to be taken into consideration when such a dense arrangement is adopted is to eliminate problems in replacement of individual containers, initial arrangement, and handling at the time of removal. That is, it is necessary to consider maintenance. In this regard, the present invention addresses the following. That is, since the chemical reaction vessel 1 has a considerable weight and is conveyed by the crane 4, in order to make use of the above-described feature of the dense arrangement, the movable part trajectory of the crane 4 covers at least the dense area. It must be done. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the rail route 3 of the crane is circular. In FIG. 1, a crane rotation axis is provided at the center of the
By moving the movable part 2 of the rail route 3,
Covers the entire range. This is one embodiment, and the length of the crane 4 may be designed to cover the diameter of the circular rail route 3 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which two cranes corresponding to the radius of the rail route are installed, but this reduces the time required for installation when, for example, as many as 90 containers are installed. At the same time, the configuration is such that another unit can function as a spare during crane maintenance. As described above, when the number of containers to be transported is large, the maintenance space 5 shown in FIG.
Also, by providing a plurality of passages 6 for carrying in and out the containers, it is possible to reduce the time cost required for maintenance. In addition, in the case of a plurality of cranes, the moving average time of the cranes can be made shorter than that of a single crane. That is, the power consumption of the crane is reduced.
1 and 2 illustrate the mutual positional relationship of the chemical reaction vessels 1 and the crane 4 and the crane weight support and movable parts 2, the crane rail route 3, the maintenance space 5 for carrying in and out the vessels, and the carry-in / out path. 6 is a view for explaining a planar arrangement of 6, where supply pipes and wiring pipes for a reactive group necessary for a chemical reaction of the chemical reaction vessel 1 are installed and arranged on a lower floor of this plane. is there. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the pipe wiring path is arranged below the container group.

Next, referring to FIGS. 4 to 7, a description will be given of an example of routing of a pipe to be embedded in a pipe wiring path. When arranging a large number of chemical reaction vessels densely as shown in FIG. 1, there is a problem as to where and how many of them should be considered as one group. As a matter of course, the grouping is planned in terms of a certain chemical reaction yield, and one group and another group should be treated in principle equivalently.

FIG. 4 shows a method of dividing the group of 90 reactors shown in FIG. 1 into three equivalent groups of 30 reactors represented by solid lines, thick broken lines and thin broken lines. As is clear from the figure, each group has the shape of a parallelogram. FIG. 5 shows how the supply and discharge of the chemical reaction groups are performed for each group. That is, in FIG. 5, a pipe for supplying a reaction group is routed from a side indicated as a supply system, and after supplying the pipe to each reaction vessel, excess reaction groups and reaction products are collected on a side indicated as a discharge system. Discharge outside the system.

When such a parallelogram type grouping is employed, a supply system pipe of a chemical reaction group is provided along one side of the parallelogram, and a discharge system pipe is provided along another side parallel thereto. , Respectively, and a piping method of a supply / discharge system is provided for each of a plurality of parallel container rows sandwiched between both sides thereof. According to such a piping method, the pipes of the supply / discharge system of the adjacent container rows have the same path length, and can be treated substantially equivalently after the main pipe branch. The balance of the process control of the supply / discharge system can be handled in almost the same manner. Therefore, the control valve control system for each series in each group can be rationalized, and in some cases, the control valve for each series can be omitted.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show the supply / discharge system showing another modification of the parallelogram grouping based on the same concept. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the feed system piping and the exhaust system piping are reversed so that the exhaust system mother pipe is shared by three systems, and FIG. 7 shows one system in which the grouping of container groups is changed. It shows an embodiment in which the number of containers in the inside is six.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a cross section of the supply / discharge system for only one chemical reaction vessel in the planar arrangement shown in FIGS. The chemical reaction vessel 1 densely arranged on the reaction vessel installation surface requires a pre-processing device for the process flow in order to realize the chemical reaction.
In FIG. 3, in FIG. 3, the discharge systems of some of the chemical reaction vessels 1 join to form the post-processing side device 31.
Has been led to. If the processing capacity of the post-processing device 31 is limited, the supply amount is adjusted by the valve 32. The process flow after the post-processing is sent to the next-stage processing by a pipe 34 or discharged to an external system.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, a description will be given of the supply system of all the plants when the series divided into three groups in FIG. In FIG. 8, one large series is composed of seven series which are densely arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb shape, but a thick line circle 51 is provided every other central space of three mutually adjacent series. Is drawn. This refers to a point where the reaction group supply pipes to be routed to the lower part of the installation surface of the chemical reaction vessel are collectively raised as a mother pipe at the lower part of the installation surface of the reaction vessel so as to be distributed to the respective reaction vessels. Similarly, the thick line circles 52 and 53 also indicate the rising position of the mother pipe, but the magnitude of the circle diameter indicates that there is a difference in the supply amount. In other words, three sets of supply pipes having three times the volume based on the reaction group flow rate required for one group of one small series,
By preparing three sets of supply pipes of double capacity and six sets of supply pipes of one capacity, the whole can be covered. In other words, it is shown that although 7 systems and 21 supply systems are required, 12 supply systems are sufficient due to the assembly of pipes. Each line segment 54 in contact with the mother tube rising positions 51 to 53 in FIG. 8 is a terminal mother tube to be supplied to each chemical reaction vessel.

Next, the structure of a discharge pipe for the reaction group supplied to each reaction vessel will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 shows the discharge system in addition to the supply system shown in FIG. That is, the broken line 61 indicates the discharge system with respect to the supply system indicated by the solid line. This is because when the reaction group supplied to each reaction vessel is discharged as a surplus or a reaction result, the pipe indicated by the broken line 61 is guided, and the lower part of the reaction vessel installation surface provided in the area indicated by the broken line 62 is gathered. Through the discharge system. Here, solid-line circles 51, 52, and 53 as supply systems and broken-line circles 62 as discharge systems are drawn as concentric circles, which means that both the supply system and the discharge system pass through this area. Just does not necessarily mean a double tube.
However, when heat exchange between the supply and exhaust systems is required to increase the thermal efficiency of the chemical reaction, a double pipe is preferable, and a double pipe is advantageous because the simplicity of the piping configuration can be maintained.

As described above, the configuration of the supply / discharge system piping for the reaction group and the like in the chemical reaction plant of the present invention has been described as an example of the concept of grouping. It goes without saying that the same applies to the rotating system. 8 and 9, since the supply system and the discharge system to each reaction vessel in FIGS. 4 to 7 are omitted, the supply / discharge system as the entire pipe is represented by a thick arrow 71 in FIG. Show.

Although the above description has been made on the premise that the chemical reaction vessel is arranged on the ground, the present invention is similarly applicable to a case where the reaction vessel is installed in an environment other than the ground, such as underwater, in the sea, or in space. Can be applied to

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, by minimizing the dead space between the chemical reaction vessels, it is possible to reduce the plant area and contribute to the reduction of the construction cost of the entire plant. In addition, by performing parallelogram grouping in such a dense arrangement, it is possible to rationalize the arrangement of supply / discharge piping and wiring cables connected to the reaction vessel, and to intuitively perform the grouping. It is possible to reasonably design the heat exchange of the supply and exhaust system of the chemical reaction vessel. Furthermore, by adopting an overhead crane with a circumferential rail route, it is possible to match the honeycomb-like dense arrangement with the crane's moving coverage, shortening the time required for replacing the reaction vessel, and moving the crane. Crane power consumption can be reduced by minimizing the distance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a method for arranging a chemical reaction vessel in a plane according to the present invention shown together with a crane.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a planar arrangement method of a chemical reaction vessel according to the present invention shown together with another crane.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a supply / discharge system of a chemical reaction container.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of grouping of chemical reaction vessel groups.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a reaction base supply / discharge system piping route when a group of chemical reaction vessels is grouped.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a reaction supply / discharge system piping route when a group of chemical reaction vessels is grouped in another mode.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a reaction base supply / discharge system piping route when a group of chemical reaction vessels is grouped in another mode.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a start-up position of a supply pipe main pipe when the chemical reaction vessel is enlarged.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a start-up position of a supply / discharge system piping mother pipe when the chemical reaction vessel is enlarged.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a supply / drainage system main pipe start-up position and a supply / discharge system as an entire pipe when the chemical reaction vessel is enlarged.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing that dead space is reduced by dense arrangement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chemical reaction container 2 Crane (load support part) 3 Crane route 4 Crane suspension moving part 5 Maintenance space 6 Carry-in / out route 31 Post-processing device 32 Valve 34 Piping 51, 52, 53 Supply system main pipe start-up position 54 End mother Pipe 62 Drainage system start-up position 71 Flow of process flow as a whole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Shoji Takahashi 3-1-1, Sachimachi, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Pref. Hitachi, Ltd. Hitachi Plant (56) References JP-A-64-47439 (JP, A) 1979-103775 (JP, A) JP 48-10714 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01J 8/00-8/06 H01M 8/24

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] When a plurality of cylindrical chemical reaction vessels having a cross section of a circle or a shape similar to a circle are erected and arranged on a plane , a minimum number of chemical reaction vessels are arranged between adjacent chemical reaction vessels.
A chemical reaction vessel group is formed by densely arranging the respective chemical reaction vessels in a state where the separation distance is secured . 2. The chemical reaction vessel according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the group of chemical reaction vessels has a substantially regular hexagonal outline and at least a part thereof has a honeycomb shape. Plane arrangement method. 3. The outside of the chemical reaction vessel is a natural environment such as air, water, seawater, or outer space. In the inside of the chemical reaction vessel, a desired chemical reaction is generated, while raw materials necessary for the chemical reaction are produced. 3. The chemical reaction vessel according to claim 1, wherein the supply / discharge, the removal of reaction products, and the electrical connection are performed by piping and / or wiring provided on or / and below the plane on which the chemical reaction vessel is arranged. Plane arrangement method. 4. The chemical reaction vessel group is divided into three groups so that the outer shape of the cross section of one group is substantially a parallelogram, and collective piping and wiring are arranged for each group. The method for arranging a chemical reaction vessel in a plane according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. An adjacent chemical reaction in a group of chemical reaction vessels.
The chemical reaction vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a minimum separation distance to be secured for maintenance work is provided between the reaction vessels, and the entire chemical reaction vessel can be removed. Plane arrangement method. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein a circular route surrounding the chemical reaction vessel group is set as a crane rail disposition route. 7. The chemical reaction vessel according to claim 6, wherein a support is provided at the center of the circular route to bear a part of the crane load, and the crane rotates about the support. Plane arrangement method. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of cranes are provided. 9. The maintenance space according to claim 6, wherein a space including the space for at least one chemical reaction vessel on the outermost peripheral side of the group of chemical reaction vessels is allocated as at least one maintenance space. Item 14. The method for arranging a chemical reaction container in a plane according to item 8. 10. A plan view of a chemical reaction vessel, wherein a plurality of chemical reaction vessel groups configured by the method of arranging chemical reaction vessels in plane according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are combined to form a large series. Placement method. 11. A feed system pipe through which raw materials necessary for a chemical reaction pass and a discharge system pipe through which discharges pass are arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with each other. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the chemical reaction vessels are arranged at points where the distances to the chemical reaction vessel group located at the same position are equal.