JP3327095B2 - Waste separation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for separating wastes in a waste recycling system for sorting and recovering valuables from wastes including recyclable valuables such as empty cans and plastics. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a system for separating valuables from garbage, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-269453, empty bottles which are separated and collected as resources when they are discharged from ordinary households are disclosed. The purpose was to separate and collect waste such as empty cans into glass bottles, steel cans, aluminum cans, and PET bottles as valuables through the process shown in FIG.

[0003]

However, in the above-described sorting step, there is no method that takes into consideration the sorting of foaming trays for packaging food products. For this reason, foam trays discharged from homes are not separated and collected as recyclables like empty bottles and empty cans, and most of them are incinerated,
At present, it is landfilled.

[0004] Incidentally, since the foaming tray generates a large amount of heat, the load on the incinerator is high, which causes damage inside the furnace and shortens the life of the furnace. In addition, since it is very bulky, landfilling is also a major factor in shortening the landfill life of the final disposal site. Also, from the standpoint of effective use of resources, it is desirable that the foaming trays be sorted and collected and recycled.

However, since the conventional method does not have means for selecting the foam tray, there is a social problem that the disposal of the foam tray depends on incineration or landfill.
Also, if foam trays are mixed in the separation system,
It becomes a factor that makes it difficult to recycle these recyclable materials when mixed into aluminum cans and PET bottles. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a waste separation method capable of solving the above problems.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for separating waste, comprising: a first wind separation step for separating waste into three types by weight: heavy, medium and light; And a second air separation step for separating foam trays from the medium-sized products selected in step (a).

In addition, a bag breaking step for breaking a bag of waste is provided at a stage preceding the first wind force sorting process, and a magnetic force sorting process and an aluminum sorting process are combined at a stage subsequent to the second wind force sorting process. ing.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. 1) In the bag breaking process, take out glass bottles, steel cans, plastic bottles, foam trays, etc. from the garbage bags.

2) In the primary wind separation process, a glass bottle as a heavy load; a steel can, an aluminum can as a medium load,
PET bottles and foam trays; collect films such as garbage bags as lightweight materials.

3) The steel trays, aluminum cans, PET bottles, and foam trays collected as medium-weight materials in the primary wind sorting process are subjected to the secondary wind sorting process, so that the foam trays are collected on the light-weight side. You.

4) A magnetic can is applied to the medium weight from which the foaming tray has been removed in the secondary wind separation operation to recover the steel can. Further, the aluminum can and the PET bottle are sorted and collected by further performing an aluminum sorting step.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a flowchart for sorting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, when the sorted waste including the foam tray is subjected to the primary wind separation, a glass bottle is used as a heavy material; a steel can, an aluminum can, a PET bottle and a foam tray are used as a heavy material; Are sorted out.

[0013] As an apparatus for performing the primary sorting,
A wind separation device using a high-speed jet having a film collection mechanism as shown in FIG. 3 is suitable. This wind sorting device 1
Sorts the refuse introduced by the introduction conveyor 6 by weight by a high-speed jet blown out from the nozzle header 2, and places the glass bottle on the heavy object chute 3 closest to the nozzle header 2;
A mechanism for attaching steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic bottles and foam trays to the downstream medium-weight chute 4 on the downstream side; Have.

Nozzles with a hole diameter of 3 mm are arranged in a row in the nozzle header 2 at a pitch of 30 mm, and a high-speed jet having a flow rate of about 150 to 200 m / s is blown obliquely upward at 45 °.

The steel cans, aluminum cans, PET bottles, and foam trays sorted into the medium weight chute 4 of the wind sorting device 1 are subjected to secondary wind sorting so that only the foam tray is sorted.

As the wind power sorting device used in the secondary wind power sorting device, a horizontal wind power sorting device shown in FIG. 4 is suitable.
The wind separator 11 includes a charging conveyor 12, a nozzle header 13, a can and plastic bottle chute 14 near the nozzle header 13, and a chute 15 for collecting a foaming tray downstream of the nozzle header. .

The nozzle header 13 has a pitch of 30 mm,
Nozzles with a hole diameter of 3 mm are arranged in one row, and 50 nozzles are arranged in the horizontal direction.
A jet of about 100 m / s is blowing. In FIG.
A separation sorting system incorporating these foam tray recovery steps is shown.

1) Glass bottles, steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic bottles, foam trays, etc. are put in as resource waste. Since the current form of garbage collection is bag collection, the bag is broken using a known bag breaking machine and the contents are taken out.

2) The garbage discharged from the bag breaking machine is sieved and classified as necessary to remove residues and the like, and then the garbage is discharged as described above.
Next wind selection. 3) By performing primary air selection, it is separated into three types: heavy, medium and light.

4) Heavy materials are subjected to magnetic separation to recover irons,
The rest is collected as glass bottles. 5) Films are collected in the light-weight material. 6) Steel cans, aluminum cans, PET bottles, foam trays, etc. are mixed in medium-weight items.

7) The above-described secondary air selection is performed on these medium-weight items. 8) Foam trays are collected on the lightweight side. 9) Steel cans, aluminum cans, and PET bottles from which trays have been removed by performing secondary air selection are subjected to magnetic separation, and the steel cans are collected.

10) After the steel can is removed, the aluminum can is separated into aluminum cans and PET bottles. For the aluminum sorting, a known one using an induction magnetic field is used.

11) Even from the collected waste mixed with the foaming tray as described above, the glass bottle, the steel can, the aluminum can, the PET bottle, the foaming tray, and the film can be collected without reducing the recovery purity of each. Becomes possible.

[0024]

According to the present invention, effective and appropriate sorting and collection can be achieved even for recyclable waste mixed with foam trays. According to the present invention, foam trays that have been incinerated or landfilled can be separated and collected like empty cans and empty bottles, reducing the load on incinerators and final disposal sites,
The foam tray can be used effectively as a resource.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart for sorting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for sorting waste according to another example of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example of an apparatus for performing primary wind sorting.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of an apparatus for performing secondary wind sorting.

FIG. 5 is a conventional trash separation flowchart.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Primary wind power sorting device, 11 Secondary wind power sorting device.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI B09B 5/00 ZAB B09B 5/00 ZABM (72) Inventor Keishi Akiho 1-1-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A 52-55071 (JP, U) JP-A 7-33828 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B07B 1/00-15 / 00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Sorting waste into three types by weight: heavy items including glass bottles and irons, medium weight items including steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic bottles and foam trays, and light weight films. A waste separation method comprising: a first wind separation step for performing a first wind separation step; and a second wind separation step for separating a foam tray from medium-weight materials separated in the above step. 2. A method in which a bag breaking step for breaking a bag of waste is provided in a stage preceding the primary wind sorting process, and a magnetic force sorting process and an aluminum sorting process are combined in a stage subsequent to the secondary wind sorting process. Item 4. The waste separation method according to Item 1.