JP3333822B2 - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling device for drilling a deep hole such as a well.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plurality of excavating rods are connected in series to the lower end of an excavating shaft, and the excavating shaft is rotated while being pressed downward, and the ground is excavated with a head mounted at the lowermost end of the excavating rod. For example, there are well drilling rigs. In such a well drilling device, the drilling shaft is moved up and down by a push / pull means such as a hydraulic cylinder, and the drilling shaft connected to the drilling shaft is pressed when the drilling shaft reaches the lower limit by pressing the drilling shaft. And the excavation axis is moved to the upper limit, and a new excavation rod is added between the excavation axis and the excavated rod. At this time,
It is difficult to add a new drilling rod from the side, because the components of the well drilling device are in the way. For this reason, in the normal addition, the drilling shaft is temporarily retracted from the position above the drilling hole, and is inserted in the direction of the drilling hole from the position above the opened drilling hole.

[0003]

However, in the conventional well drilling device, when the drilling shaft is retracted to open the upper part of the drilling hole, a rotary drive that applies a rotational force to the drilling shaft with the retreat is required. It was necessary to temporarily shut off the drive transmission mechanism from the drive motor as the source. For example, when the drive from the drive motor is transmitted by a plurality of gears, the driven gear fixed to the shaft center of the excavation shaft must release the meshing with the adjacent gear when moving the excavation shaft. It is. A considerable force is required to release the meshing of the gears, and the teeth may interfere with each other at the time of releasing or re-engaging, which may cause chipping or cracking of the gear. The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem. An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of retracting an excavation shaft without interrupting a drive transmission mechanism from a drive motor.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, according to the invention of claim 1, a rotary drive source, an excavation shaft that is rotated by the rotational force of the rotary drive source, and the excavation shaft are rotatably held. And a lifting drive source connected to the holding member and raising and lowering the holding member. A plurality of drilling rods are connected in series to the lower end of the drilling shaft, and the lowering shaft is rotated while rotating the drilling shaft. In a drilling device that excavates the ground with a head attached to the lower end of the lowermost excavation rod and successively adds new excavation rods to the lower end of the excavation shaft as the excavation progresses, A bed rotatable in the horizontal direction with respect to the base is supported on the base, and the rotary drive source and the excavation axis are mounted on the bed, while the elevation drive source is mounted on the base, Between the holding member and the lifting drive A connecting means for connecting and disconnecting the both is arranged between them, and when adding a new excavating rod, the connecting means is released to be in a non-connected state to allow the bed to rotate. The gist of the invention is that the axis of the excavation shaft is retracted to a position shifted from the excavation hole. In such a configuration, in the excavation operation, the excavation shaft is rotated by the rotary drive source and receives a downward pressing force from the lifting drive source from the holding member. When the excavation axis is lowered to the lower limit and the excavation hole is drilled, the connection between the holding member and the elevation drive source is released to add a new excavation rod. This allows the bed to rotate. The drive motor and the excavation shaft mounted on the bed move with the rotation of the bed, and the drive transmission mechanism itself is not interrupted. Because the axis of the excavation shaft is retracted to a position shifted from the excavation hole by the rotation of the bed,
The upper part of the borehole is opened, and a new drilling rod can be arranged from the upper position toward the borehole.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the weight of the holding member which is free when the holding member and the elevation drive source are disconnected from each other is free. The gist of the present invention is to provide a downward movement preventing means for preventing the downward movement due to. When the holding member is connected to the lifting drive source, the lifting is restricted, and therefore, the holding member does not descend by its own weight. However, once the holding member and the elevating drive source are in a non-connected state, there is no regulation, and as it is, the holding member and the elevating drive source may fall down by their own weight and hinder the rotation of the bed. Since the lowering is prevented by the downward movement preventing means, the trouble of the rotation of the bed is eliminated. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, the holding member is guided by a guide member supported on a bed at the time of elevating and lowering, and the holding member is provided between the guide member and the holding member. The gist is that the lowering prevention means is arranged.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the drive between the excavation shaft and the rotary drive source for retreating the excavation shaft to a position shifted from the excavation hole when adding a new excavation rod. Since there is no need to shut off the transmission mechanism, there is no trouble in the drive transmission mechanism or troublesome operation. In the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, when the holding member and the lifting / lowering drive source are not connected to each other, there is no regulation, so that the holding member has its own weight. In this case, there is a possibility that the lowering of the bed may be hindered, but the lowering prevention means prevents the lowering of the bed. According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 2, the holding member can be moved up and down smoothly, and the downward movement preventing means can be easily attached.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a well drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, left and right refer to the left and right directions in FIG. 4, and front and rear refer to the lower and upper parts in FIG. The well drilling apparatus according to the present embodiment is installed on a gantry (not shown) set at a drilling site (not shown). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a rectangular base plate 11 forming a part of a well drilling device is mounted on a gantry.
The base plate 11 is made of a substantially square alloy plate, and has a through hole 11a near the center. A bed bearing 13 is provided on the base plate 11 via a bracket 12. A bed 15 is rotatably supported by the bed bearing 13. The bed 15 is composed of an upper plate 16 and a lower plate 17 made of an upper and lower plate made of a flat rectangular alloy. The distance between the two plates 16 and 17 is maintained by a bush 14 arranged at a predetermined position. The bed 15 is supported in a cantilever manner with respect to the coaxial receiver 13 and can rotate about the coaxial receiver 13 to a position protruding from the base plate 11 as shown in FIG.

A geared motor 19 as a rotation drive source is mounted on the upper surface of the upper plate 16 via a bracket 18. The output shaft 20 of the geared motor 19 extends downward and is supported by the upper plate 16 and the lower plate 17 with a bearing 21. A first gear 22 is fixed to the output shaft 20 in a space sandwiched between the upper plate 16 and the lower plate 17. At substantially the center of the upper plate 16 and the lower plate 17, communication holes 16a and 17a are formed so as to be concentric with each other. Both communication holes 16a and 17a are provided in the base plate 1.
It is arranged so as to be concentric with one through hole 11a. Bearings 23 are mounted in both communication holes 16a and 17a. The bearing 23 has a through hole 24a having a square cross section (see FIG. 4).
Are formed and a bearing cap 25 for supporting the coaxial bearing metal 24. A second gear 26 is fixed to the outer periphery of the bearing metal 24 in the space sandwiched between the upper plate 16 and the lower plate 17. The second gear 26 is meshed with the first gear 22. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, a guide rod 27 extends upward from three positions on the upper surface of the upper plate 16 and surrounding the communication holes 16a and 17a. The guide rods 27 are connected to each other by a connection plate 28 having a substantially equilateral triangle shape made of an alloy and disposed at the upper end. A through hole 28a is formed in the center of the connection plate 28. Here, this through-hole 28a is
a, 17a. Through hole 2
An arrangement state of the bed 15 in which the communication holes 8a, the communication holes 16a and 17a, and the through holes 11a of the base plate 11 overlap in a straight line is defined as an original position.

An elevating plate 30 as a holding member is mounted on the guide rod 27. The elevating plate 30 is made of a substantially isosceles triangular plate made of an alloy.
1 can be moved up and down along the guide rod 27. A through hole 33 is formed in the center of the lifting plate 30, and a chuck 35 is mounted in the through hole 33. The chuck 35 is rotatably supported by a bearing 39. An upper push / pull rod 36 extends downward from the base end (left side in FIG. 1) of the lifting plate 30. At the lower end of the upper push / pull rod 36, a female connection cylinder 37 as a connecting means is fixed. Below the upper push / pull rod 36, a cylinder 40 is disposed on the base plate 11 via a mounting bracket 38 as a lifting drive source. A lower push-pull rod 41 is mounted on the upper part of the cylinder 40 so as to be able to protrude and retract in the vertical direction. At the upper end of the lower push / pull rod 41, a male connecting cylinder 43 as a connecting means is fixed. As shown in FIG. 7, a fitting recess 44 into which the male connection tube 43 is fitted is formed in the female connection tube 37. The female connection cylinder 37 is formed with a pair of communication holes 45 communicating from the outer circumference to the inner circumference of the fitting recess 44. As shown in FIG. 7, the male connection cylinder 43 has a cylindrical main body 46, and the main body 46 corresponds to the communication hole 45 in a state where the male connection cylinder 43 is fitted in the fitting concave portion 44 of the female connection cylinder 37. A fitting groove 47 is formed at the position. When the fixing pin 48 is inserted from the side into the overlapping communication hole 45 and the fitting groove 47 in a state where the main body 46 of the male connecting tube 43 is fitted in the fitting concave portion 44 of the female connecting tube 37. Connection tube 3
7, 44 are connected.

An excavating shaft 50 is inserted into the bearing metal 24 and the chuck 35. The excavation shaft 50 is made of an alloy and has a square cross section and is held immovably up and down by a chuck 35 (however, since the chuck 35 is supported by a bearing 39, the rotation of the excavation shaft 50 is allowed. Is done). The excavation shaft 50 can project upward from the through hole 28 a of the connection plate 28 at a position higher than the position held by the chuck 35. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of left and right support wheels 55 is disposed via a bracket 53 on the back surface of the lower plate 17 of the bed 15 and closer to the front (lower in FIG. 4). The rotating shaft 54 of the support wheel 55 is on a straight line P connecting the bearing 13 which is the center of rotation of the bed 15, and when the bed 15 is rotated, the support wheel 55 rolls smoothly. Near the left and right bushes 14 on the front side of the bed 15, a pair of left and right small rotation shafts 61 are arranged in parallel with the bushes 14. As shown in FIG. 3, a bolt 62 is rotatably mounted on each small rotation shaft 61. A nut 63 is mounted on the outer periphery of both bolts 62 so as to advance and retreat in an even number relationship with the bolts 62.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, a first fixed base 65 and a second fixed base 66 as bed holding means are provided on the upper surface of the base plate 11. First fixed base 65
Is located in front of the bed 15 (downward in FIG. 4) and to the right of the mounting bracket 38, and the second fixing base 66 is located to the front of the bed 15 and to the left. The fixed bases 65 and 66 are mounted on the bracket 67,
An upright portion 68 is provided in which alloy plates are arranged in an intersecting manner and erected. The upright portion 68 of the first fixed base 65 is
9 can be rotated. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, a notch 68 a as an engaging portion is formed on the side of the standing portion 68. The notch 68a is formed at the same height position as the bolt 62. When the bed 15 is at the original position, the bolt 62 and the notch 68a are rotated from the disengaged state in FIG. 6 so that the bolt 62 is engaged with the notch 68a as shown in FIG. It has become. Then, with the bolt 62 engaged with the notch 68a, the nut 63 is used to connect the upright portion 68 and the bolt 6 to each other.
2 is tightened and fixed. As shown in FIG. 8, a hook member 70 as a downward movement preventing means is loosely attached to a left side surface of the connection plate 28 via a support shaft 71. The hook member includes a main body 72 and a hook 73 at the lower end thereof. A small guide rod 74 extending diagonally downward is provided on the hook 73. The lift plate 30 is provided with a pin 75 serving as a downward movement preventing means to which the guide small rod 74 is guided and the hook 73 is engaged.

Next, the operation of the well drilling device having such a configuration will be described. First, an outline of a drilling operation by the well drilling device will be described. The latest excavation rod 77 is connected to the lower end of the excavation shaft 50 via an attachment 76. The excavating rods 77 are connected in series, and a head (not shown) is attached to a further distal end (lower end) of the most advanced excavating rod 77. In other words, the excavating rod 77 located deeper in the excavation hole is an older excavating rod 77. The excavating shaft 50 is rotated by transmitting the rotational force from the geared motor 19 from the bearing metal 24 via the first gear 22 and the second gear 26. This rotation causes all drilling rods 77 connected in series to rotate. On the other hand, the pressing of the excavating shaft 50 by the cylinder 40 is transmitted through the lower push-pull rod 41, the upper push-pull rod 36, the elevating plate 30, and the chuck 35 and presses the excavating rod 77 connected in series downward. By this rotation and pressing, the cutting operation of the head of the cutting-edge drilling rod 77 becomes possible. The excavating shaft 50 descends from the upper limit position to the lower limit position. When the excavating shaft 50 finishes descending, a new excavating rod 77 is added to the lower end of the excavating shaft 50.

Next, an operation of adding the new excavating rod 77 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, excavation is started from a position in which the elevating plate 30 is at the uppermost position (this is referred to as an initial position), and the excavating shaft 50 is gradually lowered together with the elevating plate 30 as the excavation progresses (see FIG. 1). 1 phantom line). At the stage when the excavating shaft 50 has descended to the lower limit, the attachment 76 is removed, and a new excavating rod 77 is added. Once the attachment 76 is removed, the excavation shaft 50
So that the excavating shaft 50 does not interfere with the through hole 11 a of the base plate 11 when the bed 15 rotates. At this time, as shown in FIG.
0), the guide small rod 74 moves up and down the plate 3
The hook member 70 is gradually rotated by the pin 75 as shown in FIG. 11B. Further, at the initial position, the hook 73 and the pin 75 are engaged as shown in FIG. As described above, the lifting plate 30 is supported by the connection plate 28 via the hook member 70. Next, the fixing pin 48
To release the connection between the female connection tube 37 and the male connection tube 43 (the state shown in FIG. 9). At this time, since the lifting plate 30 is supported by the connecting plate 28,
It does not fall by its own weight.

Next, the nut 63 is loosened and the bolt 62 is rotated in the horizontal direction so as to release the engagement between the bolt 62 and the notch 68a of the upright portion 68 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (FIG. 6). (Only the second fixing base 66 is shown in the drawing). Further, the upright portion 68 of the first fixed base 65 is turned around the turning shaft 69 to be retracted from the turning locus of the bed 15. In this state, the bed 15 is pushed by human power and rotated counterclockwise about the bearing 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the through hole 11a of the base plate 11 is completely exposed from above. A new excavating rod 77 is inserted into the exposed through-hole 11a of the base plate 11 from above. Then, the bed 15 is again manually rotated clockwise around the bearing 13 again to return to the original position (that is, the position in FIG. 4). The new drilling rod 77 is connected to the lower end of the drilling shaft 50 by the attachment 76, and the bolt 62 and the upright portions 68 of the first and second fixing bases 65 and 66 are tightened again. The tube 37 and the male connection tube 43 are connected. Then, the lifting plate 30 is slightly raised by operating the cylinder 40, and the engagement relationship between the hook 73 and the pin 75 shown in FIG. 12A is released as shown in FIG. 12B. Then, as shown in FIG. 12C, it is manually rotated counterclockwise. Then, even if the lifting plate 30 is lowered, the hook 73 and the pin 75 do not engage again. The lift plate 30 is slightly lowered by operating the cylinder 40 to return to the initial position. Thus, the connection work of the new excavating rod 77 is completed.

With this configuration, the present embodiment has the following advantages. (1) Bed 1 in which geared motor 19 and excavating shaft 50 are the same
Even when the bed 15 is rotated, the first gear 22 and the second gear 26, which are both drive transmission mechanisms, are not disengaged from each other even when the bed 15 is rotated. Therefore, the excavating rod 7
No trouble occurs in the gears 22 and 26 during the refilling operation of the gear 7. (2) The drive from the cylinder 40 is transmitted via the upper push-pull rod 36 and the lower push-pull rod 41, and the excavating shaft 50 can be moved up and down. When the bed 15 is rotated, the connection of the rods 36 and 41 to the lifting plate 30 hinders the rotation.
The connection 41 can be released simply by pulling out the fixing pin 48 from the fitted female connection cylinder 37 and the male connection cylinder 43, so that the preparatory work for rotating the bed is extremely quick. (3) The lifting plate 30 is hooked on the connecting plate 28
3 is supported by the engagement of the pin 75 and the lifting plate 30 even if the support by the rods 36 and 41 is lost.
Does not come down under its own weight. (4) The bed 15 is cantilevered by the bearing 13. In this state, buckling occurs and the bearing 13 is overloaded. However, in the above embodiment, the bearing 13 is supported from three directions together with the bearing 13 by the first and second fixing bases 65 and 66, so that the bearing 13 is not overloaded. (5) The first and second fixing bases 65 and 66 have a simple structure and support the bed 15 from three directions together with the bearing 13, and at the same time, the first fixing base in the traveling direction when the bed 15 rotates. The standing portion 68 of the base 65 66 is retracted, so that it does not become an obstacle.

The present invention can be embodied with the following modifications. In the above embodiment, the base 11 is a plate, but may be another shape or a unit integrated with the gantry. -A crank device other than the cylinder 40 may be used as the lifting drive source. Further, the geared motor 19 as the rotation drive source can be changed to various motors. The output shaft 20 of the geared motor 19 extends downward, but does not have to be downward. For example, a chain other than the gears 22 and 26 may be used as the drive transmission mechanism. In the above-described embodiment, the bed 15 is manually pushed, but power may be used. The connecting means for connecting the upper push / pull rod 36 and the lower push / pull rod 41 may be other means than the above. The first and second fixing bases 65 and 66 may be only one, or may be more. Further, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments as long as the bed can be held. In addition, the drilling is mainly performed, but the drilling may be carried out in a manner that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention, such as being used as an oil well, a hot spring, or a rock drill.

Other technical ideas of the present invention that can be grasped from the above embodiment will be described as additional notes below. (1) The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lifting drive source includes a cylinder and a rod attached to the cylinder. (2) The said rod is arrange | positioned in parallel with the said excavation axis | shaft, The said excavation axis | shaft and the rod are connected by the holding member, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned, or any one of additional notes 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Drilling rig.

[0018]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a well drilling apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same well drilling apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the bed of the same well drilling apparatus taken along line AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same well drilling apparatus taken along line BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged side view of the vicinity of a support wheel supporting a bed.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged side view of the vicinity of a second fixing base for fixing a bed.

FIG. 7 is a partially exploded perspective view of the female connection cylinder, the male connection cylinder, and the fixing pin.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged rear view of the vicinity of a hook member and a pin.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the same well drilling apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state where the bed is rotated.

11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating a positional relationship between a hook member and a pin, wherein FIG. 11A is before engagement, FIG. 11B is immediately before engagement, and FIG.
Is engaged.

12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating a positional relationship between a hook member and a pin, wherein FIG. 12A illustrates an engaged state, FIG. 12B illustrates a state immediately after the engagement is released, and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Base, 15 ... Bed, 19 ... Geared motor as a rotational drive source, 30 ... Elevating plate as a holding member, 40 ... Cylinder as an elevating drive source, 37 ... Female connection cylinder as connecting means, 43 ... Connecting means Male connecting cylinder, 48 ... fixing pin as connecting means, 50 ... drilling shaft, 77 ... drilling rod.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21B 19/18 E21B 3/04

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary drive source, an excavating shaft that is rotated by the rotational force of the rotary drive source, a holding member that rotatably holds the excavating shaft, and a lifting / lowering unit that is connected to the holding member and raises and lowers the holding member. With a driving source, a plurality of excavating rods are connected in series at the lower end of the excavating shaft, and the lower excavating rod is moved down while rotating the excavating shaft, with a head attached to the lower end of the lowermost excavating rod. In a digging apparatus for digging the ground and adding new digging rods to the lower end of the digging shaft one after another as the digging progresses, a bed which is rotatable in a horizontal direction with respect to the base is supported on the base. Then, the rotary drive source and the excavation axis are mounted on the bed, while the elevation drive source is mounted on the base, and both are connected and unconnected between the holding member and the elevation drive source. Arrange the connecting means to be in the state, By releasing the connecting means when connecting the excavating rod and disengaging the excavating rod, the bed is allowed to rotate and the axis of the excavating shaft is retracted to a position shifted from the excavating hole. A drilling rig characterized by the following: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a downward movement preventing unit configured to prevent the downward movement of the holding member, which is free when the holding member and the elevation drive source are disconnected from each other, by its own weight. The drilling rig of claim 1. 3. The holding member is guided by a guide member supported on a bed when ascending and descending, and the downward movement preventing means is disposed between the guide member and the holding member. An excavator according to claim 2.