JP3364034B2 - Starting the plasma furnace - Google Patents
Starting the plasma furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3364034B2 JP3364034B2 JP01779595A JP1779595A JP3364034B2 JP 3364034 B2 JP3364034 B2 JP 3364034B2 JP 01779595 A JP01779595 A JP 01779595A JP 1779595 A JP1779595 A JP 1779595A JP 3364034 B2 JP3364034 B2 JP 3364034B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- starting
- electrode
- furnace
- plasma
- slag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、都市ごみ焼却炉や産業
廃棄物焼却炉などの焼却炉より排出される焼却灰をプラ
ズマアークにより溶融しスラグとして排出するプラズマ
炉に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plasma furnace in which incinerator ash discharged from an incinerator such as an incinerator for municipal solid waste or an industrial waste incinerator is melted by a plasma arc and discharged as slag.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市ごみ焼却炉や産業廃棄物焼却炉など
の焼却炉から排出される焼却灰を溶融してスラグとする
ための溶融炉としてプラズマ炉が用いられる。このプラ
ズマ炉では、図４に示すように主電極１から炉底電極４
へ流れる電流により主電極１とスラグ層３の間にプラズ
マアーク５を発生させその熱で焼却灰を溶融する。2. Description of the Related Art A plasma furnace is used as a melting furnace for melting incineration ash discharged from an incinerator such as a municipal solid waste incinerator or an industrial waste incinerator to form slag. In this plasma furnace, as shown in FIG.
A plasma arc 5 is generated between the main electrode 1 and the slag layer 3 due to the current flowing to the incinerator ash, and the heat of the plasma arc 5 melts the incineration ash.
【０００３】なお、図４において６は直流電源装置、１
３は炉底電極電流計、１４は起動電極電流計、２５は主
電極１と起動電極２へ供給される作動ガスを示してい
る。また、１０は溶融炉壁である。In FIG. 4, 6 is a DC power supply device, and 1 is
Reference numeral 3 is a furnace bottom electrode ammeter, 14 is a starting electrode ammeter, and 25 is a working gas supplied to the main electrode 1 and the starting electrode 2. Further, 10 is a melting furnace wall.
【０００４】このプラズマ炉を起動するには、主電極１
とスラグ層３の下にある炉底電極４との間に通電させる
必要がある。しかしながらスラグは約７００℃以下では
導電性を持たないため、プラズマ炉の起動には従来次の
ような方法が採用されている。To start this plasma furnace, the main electrode 1
It is necessary to energize between the furnace bottom electrode 4 under the slag layer 3. However, since slag does not have conductivity at about 700 ° C. or lower, the following method has been conventionally used to start the plasma furnace.
【０００５】（１）方法Ａ（鉄スクラップ投入法）：炉
停止時に主電極１直下に鉄の大きなスクラップを投入し
スラグ層３内にあたかもスクラップの島のような物を形
成させ、スクラップの下部（根）が炉底電極４部と接触
導通を持ち、スクラップ上部がスラグ層３から頭を出し
主電極１との導通を確保する。起動時は、主電極１がこ
のスクラップ上部と接触しプラズマアーク５を発生させ
起動を可能とする。(1) Method A (iron scrap charging method): When the furnace is stopped, a large scrap of iron is charged just below the main electrode 1 to form a scrap-like island in the slag layer 3, and the bottom of the scrap is scraped. The (root) has contact conduction with the furnace bottom electrode 4 part, and the scrap upper part protrudes from the slag layer 3 to secure conduction with the main electrode 1. At the time of start-up, the main electrode 1 comes into contact with the upper part of this scrap and a plasma arc 5 is generated to enable the start-up.
【０００６】（２）方法Ｂ（起動電極使用法）：主電極
１の脇に起動電極２を挿入しスラグ層３の上面で主電極
１と起動電極２間でプラズマアーク５を発生させ主電極
１直下のスラグを導電性をもつ約７００℃まで加熱す
る。(2) Method B (using the starting electrode): The starting electrode 2 is inserted beside the main electrode 1 and a plasma arc 5 is generated between the main electrode 1 and the starting electrode 2 on the upper surface of the slag layer 3 to form the main electrode. The slag immediately below 1 is heated to about 700 ° C. which has conductivity.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上説明した従来の起
動方法には下記のような問題点がある。The conventional activation method described above has the following problems.
【０００８】（１）方法Ａ（鉄スクラップ投入方法）：
この方法では、大きな鉄スクラップを炉内に投入する事
が必要であり、炉体上部にスクラップを投入するための
大きな設備が必要となる。投入したスクラップが主電極
１の直下を外れたり、炉底電極４との間にスラグを挟み
込んだりして、炉底電極４と主電極１の間に十分な導通
を確保できなかった場合は、炉を完全に冷却し、人が炉
内に入ってスラグ層３をはつりスラグ層３を撤去し炉底
電極４を表面に出す操作が必要となる。(1) Method A (Iron scrap loading method):
In this method, it is necessary to load a large iron scrap into the furnace, and a large facility is required to load the scrap into the upper part of the furnace body. When the thrown scraps are not directly under the main electrode 1 or the slag is sandwiched between the bottom electrode 4 and the bottom electrode 4, sufficient conduction cannot be secured between the bottom electrode 4 and the main electrode 1. It is necessary to cool the furnace completely, and a person must enter the furnace to scrape the slag layer 3 to remove the slag layer 3 and expose the furnace bottom electrode 4 to the surface.
【０００９】（２）方法Ｂ（起動電極使用法）：スラグ
層３上部で主電極１と起動電極２間で発生させたプラズ
マアークによる輻射伝熱等によりスラグ層３を加熱する
ため加熱に時間がかかる。また主電極１と起動電極２で
共に安定したプラズマアークを発生させるためには、起
動電極２にも作動ガス２５を噴出させる装置が必要とな
る。(2) Method B (using the starting electrode): The slag layer 3 is heated by radiant heat transfer by the plasma arc generated between the main electrode 1 and the starting electrode 2 above the slag layer 3 so that it takes time for heating. Takes. Further, in order to generate a stable plasma arc in both the main electrode 1 and the starting electrode 2, a device for ejecting the working gas 25 to the starting electrode 2 is required.
【００１０】このように従来の起動方法Ａは、鉄のスク
ラップを投入するための大きな装置を必要とする上に炉
内で作業環境の悪いスラグのはつり作業が必要となる恐
れがある。また、方法Ｂは、炉が起動するまでの必要時
間が比較的長くなり、起動電極にも作動ガスを供給する
設備が必要となる等の問題がある。As described above, the conventional starting method A requires a large apparatus for introducing iron scrap, and may require a slag flapping operation in a bad working environment in the furnace. Further, the method B has a problem that the time required for starting the furnace is relatively long, and a facility for supplying a working gas to the starting electrode is also required.
【００１１】本発明は、従来の方法にみられたような起
動のための大きな装置を必要とせずに、しかも速やかに
プラズマ炉の起動を可能とする、焼却灰をプラズマアー
クを熱源として溶融するためのプラズマ炉の起動方法を
提供することを課題としている。The present invention melts incineration ash using a plasma arc as a heat source, which enables quick start-up of a plasma furnace without requiring a large start-up device as found in the conventional method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for starting a plasma furnace for this purpose.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】本発明は、燃焼
炉より排出される焼却灰をプラズマアークを熱源として
溶融するプラズマ炉をプラズマ炉内にスラグ層が存在す
る状態で起動する方法における前記課題を解決するた
め、次の起動方法を採用する。Means and operation for solving the problems] The present invention relates to a method for starting a plasma furnace to melt the ash discharged from the combustion furnace plasma arc as a heat source in a state in which the slag layer in a plasma furnace exists In order to solve the above-mentioned problem in 1), the following starting method is adopted.
【００１３】すなわち、スラグ層の上で主電極と起動電
極との接触によりプラズマアークを発生させたのち、プ
ラズマアークによる加熱で生じたスラグ層上面の溶融ス
ラグ部分に起動電極を接触挿入し主電極で発生したプラ
ズマアークがその溶融スラグ部分に当たり同溶融スラグ
部分に接触挿入されている起動電極を通して電流が電源
装置に帰るようにする。That is, after the plasma arc is generated by the contact between the main electrode and the starting electrode on the slag layer, the starting electrode is contacted and inserted into the molten slag portion on the upper surface of the slag layer generated by the heating by the plasma arc. The plasma arc generated in (1) hits the molten slag portion, and the electric current is returned to the power supply device through the starting electrode inserted in contact with the molten slag portion.
【００１４】このようにして行われる本発明のプラズマ
炉起動方法によれば、プラズマ炉の起動時（スラグ層の
昇温時）に主電極からのプラズマアークが常にスラグ表
面を直接叩くのでスラグ層への熱の伝達が効率よく行わ
れる事により、熱効率の向上（電気効率の向上）、起動
時間の短縮が実現される。According to the plasma furnace starting method of the present invention thus performed, the plasma arc from the main electrode always hits the slag surface directly when the plasma furnace is started (when the temperature of the slag layer is raised). The efficient transfer of heat to the heat transfer improves heat efficiency (electrical efficiency) and shortens startup time.
【００１５】なお、起動電極としては、鉄、ニッケル、
チタン、銅、黒鉛、ステンレス鋼などの合金製のものを
使ってよいが、鉄、ニッケル、チタン、銅、及びステン
レス鋼などの合金のような金属製の起動電極を使うとき
は、プラズマアークからの輻射熱によってその起動電極
が曲がる場合がある。As the starting electrode, iron, nickel,
Alloys such as titanium, copper, graphite and stainless steel may be used, but when starting electrodes made of metals such as iron, nickel, titanium, copper and alloys such as stainless steel are used, the plasma arc The starting electrode may be bent by the radiant heat of.
【００１６】その場合、プラズマ炉の起動操作中に起動
電極を回転させると、主電極のプラズマアークからの輻
射熱によって起動電極が曲がるのを防止することができ
るので好ましい。In that case, it is preferable to rotate the starting electrode during the starting operation of the plasma furnace because it is possible to prevent the starting electrode from bending due to radiant heat from the plasma arc of the main electrode.
【００１７】更にまた、他の本発明では、前記した起動
方法において、起動電極と電源装置の間に可変抵抗装置
を設け、起動操作開始後炉内スラグの温度が上がり主電
極から炉底電極に電流が流れ始めたらその可変抵抗器の
抵抗を徐々に上昇させて起動電極に流れる電流を減少さ
せ相対して炉底電極に流れる電流を徐々に増加させ最終
的とは主電極からの全電流が炉底電極に流れるようにす
る。In still another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described starting method, a variable resistance device is provided between the starting electrode and the power supply device, and the temperature of the slag in the furnace rises after the start of the starting operation to change from the main electrode to the bottom electrode. When the current begins to flow, the resistance of the variable resistor is gradually increased to decrease the current flowing to the starting electrode, and the current flowing to the bottom electrode is gradually increased in the opposite direction.Finally, the total current from the main electrode is Allow it to flow to the bottom electrode.
【００１８】この起動方法によると、起動電極を溶融ス
ラグ層に接触挿入したままで炉底電極側に電流の流れを
移す事が出来るので、起動電極側にプラズマアークを発
生させる必要がなく、起動電極に作動ガスを供給する必
要がなくなり、また起動電極側のプラズマアークに起因
する電流の乱れを防止し起動時の安定運転性を向上でき
るので好ましい。According to this starting method, the current flow can be shifted to the furnace bottom electrode side while the starting electrode is in contact with the molten slag layer, so that it is not necessary to generate a plasma arc on the starting electrode side and the starting electrode can be started. This is preferable because it is not necessary to supply a working gas to the electrodes, and the disturbance of the current due to the plasma arc on the starting electrode side can be prevented, and the stable drivability at the time of starting can be improved.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下、本発明によるプラズマ炉起動方法の実
施の態様を図１〜図３により具体的に説明する。なお、
図１及び図２において、図４に示した装置と同じ部分に
は同一符号を付してあり、それらについての重複する説
明は省略する。図１及び図２において、７は起動電極２
の回転クランプ部、８は回転ジョイント部、９は可変抵
抗器、１２は回転クランプ支持部を示しており、その他
の構成は図４に示した装置と実質同じである。Embodiments of the plasma furnace starting method according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. In addition,
1 and 2, the same parts as those of the device shown in FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicated description thereof will be omitted. In FIGS. 1 and 2, 7 is a starting electrode 2
Of the rotary clamp, 8 is a rotary joint, 9 is a variable resistor, and 12 is a rotary clamp support, and other configurations are substantially the same as those of the apparatus shown in FIG.
【００２０】本発明による起動方法では前記したよう
に、スラグ層３の上で主電極１と起動電極２との接触に
よりプラズマアーク５を発生させたのち、プラズマアー
ク５による加熱で生じたスラグ層３上面の溶融スラグ部
分に起動電極２を接触挿入し主電極１で発生したプラズ
マアーク５が溶融スラグ部分に当たりその溶融スラグ部
分に接触挿入されている起動電極１を通して電流が電源
装置６に帰るようにする。In the starting method according to the present invention, as described above, after the plasma arc 5 is generated on the slag layer 3 by the contact between the main electrode 1 and the starting electrode 2, the slag layer generated by the heating by the plasma arc 5 is generated. 3 The starting electrode 2 is contact-inserted into the molten slag portion on the upper surface, and the plasma arc 5 generated in the main electrode 1 hits the molten slag portion so that the electric current returns to the power supply device 6 through the starting electrode 1 which is contact-inserted into the molten slag portion. To
【００２１】図１は、本発明の起動方法に基づき、まず
主電極と起動電極２を接触させてプラズマアーク５を発
生させた後、主電極１を少し上方に引き上げプラズマア
ーク５を長くしスラグ層３を加熱し始めた状態を示した
図である。プラズマアーク５の加熱によりスラグ層３の
表面に溶融スラグ層１１が発生し始めている。In FIG. 1, based on the starting method of the present invention, first, the main electrode and the starting electrode 2 are brought into contact with each other to generate a plasma arc 5, and then the main electrode 1 is pulled up a little and the plasma arc 5 is lengthened to slag. It is the figure which showed the state which started heating the layer 3. Due to the heating of the plasma arc 5, the molten slag layer 11 is starting to be generated on the surface of the slag layer 3.
【００２２】電流は、直流電源装置６で発生し主電極１
を通りプラズマアーク５を形成し起動電極２を流れ起動
電極２の回転ジョイント部８を経て可変抵抗器９を通過
して直流電源装置６に戻っている。この時点では可変抵
抗器９は抵抗をほとんど０に設定している。作動ガス２
５は主電極１の中心を通過しプラズマアーク５を形成す
る。A current is generated in the DC power supply device 6 and the main electrode 1
A plasma arc 5 is formed, flows through the starting electrode 2, passes through the rotary joint portion 8 of the starting electrode 2, passes through the variable resistor 9, and returns to the DC power supply device 6. At this point, the variable resistor 9 sets the resistance to almost zero. Working gas 2
5 passes through the center of the main electrode 1 to form a plasma arc 5.
【００２３】次に、図２は、図１に示す起動直後の状態
の後、プラズマアーク５による加熱により溶融スラグ１
１が形成され、その溶融スラグ１１に前記した本発明の
起動方法に基づいて起動電極２を接触挿入する事（起動
電極の角度を変化させ接触挿入した）により主電極１で
発生するプラズマアーク５の全てが溶融スラグ１１に直
接当たるようにした状態を示す図である。Next, in FIG. 2, after the state immediately after the start-up shown in FIG. 1, the molten slag 1 is heated by the plasma arc 5.
1 is formed, and the plasma arc 5 generated at the main electrode 1 by contact-inserting the starter electrode 2 into the molten slag 11 based on the start-up method of the present invention described above (contact-inserted by changing the angle of the starter electrode). 3 is a diagram showing a state in which all of the above directly hit molten slag 11. FIG.
【００２４】このようにすることによってプラズマアー
ク５が全て直接溶融スラグ１１層に当たるため伝熱効率
は極めて良い。起動電極２はこの時点でプラズマアーク
５の放射熱により曲がる事を防止するため起動電極２の
回転クランプ部７により回転している。By doing so, the entire plasma arc 5 directly hits the molten slag 11 layer, so that the heat transfer efficiency is extremely good. At this time, the starting electrode 2 is rotated by the rotary clamp portion 7 of the starting electrode 2 in order to prevent the starting electrode 2 from being bent by the radiation heat of the plasma arc 5.
【００２５】直流電源装置６からの電流は主電極１より
プラズマアーク５を形成し溶融スラグ１１を介して起動
電極２を通り回転ジョイント部８を経て可変抵抗器９を
通過して直流電源装置６に戻っている。The current from the DC power supply 6 forms a plasma arc 5 from the main electrode 1, passes through the starting electrode 2 through the molten slag 11, passes through the rotary joint 8 and the variable resistor 9, and passes through the DC power supply 6 Have returned to.
【００２６】その後、溶融スラグ１１が十分大きくなっ
て主電極１からの電流が炉底電極４にも流れるようにな
ったら（炉底電極電流計１３で確認する）、可変抵抗器
９の抵抗を上昇させ、主電極１からの電流が起動電極２
側でなく炉底電極４側に流れるようにする（起動電極電
流計１４と炉底電極電流計１３で確認する）。電流が全
て炉底電極側に流れるようになったら起動電極２を炉内
より引き出し炉の起動操作を終了する。After that, when the molten slag 11 becomes sufficiently large and the current from the main electrode 1 also flows to the furnace bottom electrode 4 (confirmed by the furnace bottom electrode ammeter 13), the resistance of the variable resistor 9 is changed. The current from the main electrode 1 is raised and the starting electrode 2
Flow to the bottom electrode 4 side instead of the side (check with the starting electrode ammeter 14 and the bottom electrode ammeter 13). When all the current flows to the bottom electrode side, the starting electrode 2 is drawn out of the furnace and the starting operation of the furnace is completed.
【００２７】図３は図１，図２で使用している可変抵抗
器９の一例としての水冷スライダックの構成を示してい
る。図３に示すように、起動電極回転ジョイント部８か
らの電線１５が水槽２２内に浸漬された抵抗線１６につ
ながっている。この抵抗線１６上を接触移動するスライ
ドジョイント部１７は電線１８によって直流電源装置６
につながっている。FIG. 3 shows the structure of a water-cooled slidac as an example of the variable resistor 9 used in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric wire 15 from the starting electrode rotary joint portion 8 is connected to the resistance wire 16 immersed in the water tank 22. The slide joint portion 17 that makes contact with and moves on the resistance wire 16 is connected to the DC power supply device 6 by an electric wire 18.
Connected to.
【００２８】この可変抵抗器９の抵抗はスライドジョイ
ント部１７の上下により設定するようになっている（本
図では、スライドジョイント部１７が上方にあるときが
抵抗が低い）。スライドジョイント部１７の上下は滑車
１９を介して重り２０とウインチ２１にて調整する。水
槽２２の水位はフロート弁２４にて補給水２３を入れ調
整する。The resistance of the variable resistor 9 is set by the vertical movement of the slide joint portion 17 (in this figure, the resistance is low when the slide joint portion 17 is above). The upper and lower sides of the slide joint part 17 are adjusted by a weight 20 and a winch 21 via a pulley 19. The water level in the water tank 22 is adjusted by inserting the makeup water 23 with the float valve 24.
【００２９】以上、本発明を図示した実施例に基づいて
具体的に説明したが、本発明がこれらの実施例に限定さ
れず特許請求の範囲に示す本発明の範囲内で、種々の変
更を加えてよいことはいうまでもない。Although the present invention has been specifically described based on the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention shown in the claims. It goes without saying that you can add it.
【００３０】例えば、上記実施例では、可変抵抗器とし
て水冷式スライダックを用いているが、空冷式スライダ
ック等、種々の可変抵抗器を用いてよい。For example, in the above embodiment, the water-cooled type slidac is used as the variable resistor, but various variable resistors such as an air-cooled type slidac may be used.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の起動方法
によれば次の利点が得られる。As described above, according to the starting method of the present invention, the following advantages can be obtained.
【００３２】（１）炉の起動時（スラグ層の昇温時）に
主電極からのプラズマアークが常にスラグ表面を直接叩
くのでスラグ層への熱の伝達が効率よく行われる事によ
り、熱効率の向上（電気効率の向上）、起動時間の短縮
が実現される。(1) When the furnace is started up (when the temperature of the slag layer is raised), the plasma arc from the main electrode always hits the surface of the slag directly, so that the heat is efficiently transferred to the slag layer, thereby improving the thermal efficiency. Improvement (improvement of electric efficiency) and reduction of startup time are realized.
【００３３】（２）起動操作中に起動電極を回転させる
やり方を採用すれば、主電極のプラズマアークからの輻
射熱によって起動電極が曲がるのを防止する事が出来
る。(2) By adopting a method of rotating the starting electrode during the starting operation, it is possible to prevent the starting electrode from bending due to the radiant heat from the plasma arc of the main electrode.
【００３４】（３）また、起動電極と電源装置の間に可
変抵抗装置を設け、起動操作開始後炉内スラグの温度が
上がり主電極から炉底電極に電流が流れ始めると可変抵
抗器の抵抗を徐々に上昇させ最終的には主電極からの全
電流が炉底電極に流れるようにすれば、次の効果が得ら
れる。(3) Further, a variable resistance device is provided between the starting electrode and the power supply device, and when the temperature of the slag in the furnace rises and a current starts to flow from the main electrode to the bottom electrode after starting the starting operation, the resistance of the variable resistor is increased. Is gradually increased so that the entire current from the main electrode finally flows to the bottom electrode, the following effects can be obtained.
【００３５】すなわち、この方法によれば起動電極を溶
融スラグ層に接触挿入したままで炉底電極側に電流の流
れを移す事が出来るので、起動電極側にプラズマアーク
を発生させる必要がなく、起動電極に作動ガスを供給す
る必要がなくなり、また起動電極側のプラズマアークに
起因する電流の乱れを防止し起動時の安定運転性を向上
できる。That is, according to this method, the current flow can be transferred to the furnace bottom electrode side while the starting electrode is in contact with the molten slag layer, so that it is not necessary to generate a plasma arc on the starting electrode side. It is not necessary to supply the working gas to the starting electrode, and the disturbance of the current due to the plasma arc on the starting electrode side can be prevented to improve the stable drivability at the time of starting.
【図１】本発明のプラズマ炉起動方法による起動直後の
プラズマ炉下部の状態を示す断面図。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a lower portion of a plasma furnace immediately after starting by a plasma furnace starting method of the present invention.
【図２】図１の状態より暫く経過した後のプラズマ炉下
部の状態を示す断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the lower part of the plasma furnace after a lapse of some time from the state of FIG.
【図３】図１及び図２で用いられている可変抵抗器の構
成を示す説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a variable resistor used in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【図４】従来の溶融炉の起動方法を説明するための溶融
炉の断面図。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a melting furnace for explaining a conventional method for starting the melting furnace.
１ 主電極 ２ 起動電極 ３ スラグ層 ４ 炉底電極 ５ プラズマアーク ６ 直流電源装置 ７ 起動電極の回転クランプ部 ８ 回転ジョイント部 ９ 可変抵抗器 １０ 溶融炉壁 １１ 溶融スラグ １２ 回転クランプ支持部 １３ 炉底電極電流計 １４ 起動電極電流計 １５ 電線 １６ 抵抗線 １７ スライドジョイント部 １８ 電線 １９ 滑車 ２０ 重り ２１ ウインチ ２２ 水槽 ２３ 補給水 ２４ フロート弁 ２５ 作動ガス 1 main electrode 2 Starting electrode 3 slag layers 4 Furnace bottom electrode 5 plasma arc 6 DC power supply 7 Rotating clamp part of starting electrode 8 rotary joint 9 variable resistor 10 melting furnace wall 11 Molten slag 12 Rotating clamp support 13 Furnace bottom electrode ammeter 14 Starting electrode ammeter 15 electric wires 16 resistance wire 17 Slide joint part 18 electric wires 19 pulley 20 weights 21 winch 22 aquarium 23 Make-up water 24 float valve 25 working gas
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平５−172472（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F27B 3/08 F27B 3/02 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-172472 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) F27B 3/08 F27B 3/02
Claims (3)
アークを熱源として溶融するプラズマ炉を同プラズマ炉
内にスラグ層が存在する状態で起動する方法において、
同スラグ層の上で主電極と起動電極との接触によりプラ
ズマアークを発生させたのち、同プラズマアークによる
加熱で生じたスラグ層上面の溶融スラグ部分に前記起動
電極を接触挿入し前記主電極で発生したプラズマアーク
が前記溶融スラグ部分に当たり同溶融スラグ部分に接触
挿入されている前記起動電極を通して電流が電源装置に
帰るようにすることを特徴とするプラズマ炉の起動方
法。1. An incinerator ash discharged from a combustion furnace is converted into plasma.
A method of starting a plasma furnace to melt the arc as a heat source in a state in which the slag layer in the plasma furnace exists,
After the plasma arc is generated by contact between the main electrode and the starting electrode on the slag layer, the starting electrode is contact-inserted into the molten slag portion on the upper surface of the slag layer generated by heating by the plasma arc by contact insertion. A method of starting a plasma furnace, wherein the generated plasma arc hits the molten slag portion, and a current is returned to the power supply device through the starting electrode inserted in contact with the molten slag portion.
する請求項１記載のプラズマ炉の起動方法。2. The method of starting a plasma furnace according to claim 1, wherein the starting electrode is rotated.
装置を設け、起動操作開始後炉内スラグの温度が上がり
前記主電極から炉底電極に電流が流れ始めると、前記可
変抵抗器の抵抗を徐々に上昇させて前記起動電極に流れ
る電流を減少させ相対して前記炉底電極に流れる電流を
徐々に増加させ最終的には前記主電極からの全電流が前
記炉底電極に流れるようにすることを特徴とする請求項
１記載のプラズマ炉の起動方法。3. A variable resistance device is provided between the starting electrode and the power supply device, and when the temperature of the slag in the furnace rises and a current starts to flow from the main electrode to the bottom electrode after starting the starting operation, The resistance is gradually increased to decrease the current flowing to the starting electrode, and the current flowing to the furnace bottom electrode is gradually increased so that all the current from the main electrode eventually flows to the furnace bottom electrode. The method for activating a plasma furnace according to claim 1, wherein
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01779595A JP3364034B2 (en) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-02-06 | Starting the plasma furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01779595A JP3364034B2 (en) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-02-06 | Starting the plasma furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08210778A JPH08210778A (en) | 1996-08-20 |
| JP3364034B2 true JP3364034B2 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=11953656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01779595A Expired - Fee Related JP3364034B2 (en) | 1995-02-06 | 1995-02-06 | Starting the plasma furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3364034B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4446429B2 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2010-04-07 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Operating method of plasma melting treatment equipment for waste treatment |
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1995
- 1995-02-06 JP JP01779595A patent/JP3364034B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08210778A (en) | 1996-08-20 |
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