JP3366408B2 - Pressure receiving plate of friction engagement device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Object of the Invention]

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressure receiving plate of a friction engagement device.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of pressure receiving plate,
The one disclosed in JP-A-62-274122 is known. This has an annular portion having a friction surface in contact with a friction disc connected to the driven member, and a claw portion integrally formed on the outer periphery of the annular portion and connected to the driving member. Alternatively, the torque of the driving member is transmitted to the driven member through the friction plate by frictionally engaging with the friction plate by the piston which is pressed by air pressure or hydraulic pressure. Those arranged to receive a force directly or indirectly (via an elastic member such as a disc spring, a leaf spring or rubber) (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-17490 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-43908). , JP-A-5-707
No. 43 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,599,512) and a piston arranged in cooperation with a piston to clamp the friction plate (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication 5-1).
7490 gazette).

[0004]

Generally, in the pressure receiving plate, when the torque is transmitted between the driving member and the driven member, the load of the rotational force is taken up by the claw portion, and therefore, the hardness that can withstand this load. Is required. Also, the surface that is frictionally engaged with the friction plate must have a predetermined hardness or higher in consideration of wear.

Particularly, in the pressure receiving plate arranged near the piston described above, since the friction plate must be pressed by the force of the piston, the claw portion moves the groove of the driven member in the axial direction. This means that the pawl portion moves in the axial direction while receiving the load of the rotational force on the pawl portion, which may increase the abrasion of the pawl portion. In addition, a clearance is required between the claw portion and the groove to allow the movement in the axial direction, and when the driving and the driven are reversed, or when there is torque fluctuation (uneven rotation), There is a risk of rattling with the groove and causing chipping. Therefore, the claw portion (particularly both side surfaces that engage with the groove portion) is also required to have a hardness capable of withstanding these phenomena.

Further, in particular, in the pressure receiving plate arranged at a position distant from the piston, the claw portion receives the force of the piston because the axial movement is stopped by a snap ring or the like. Therefore, the claw portion also needs to be hard enough to receive the force of the piston.

However, if the material itself of the pressure receiving plate is made of a material having a high hardness in order to secure the necessary hardness of the claw portion described above, it becomes difficult to form the pressure receiving plate from the material by pressing. For this reason, generally, carbon steel for machine structure (SC material) is used for induction hardening on the claws or both the friction surface and the claws, or the entire pressure receiving plate is carburized and quenched to obtain the required hardness of the claws. According to this, the deformation of the pressure receiving plate cannot be prevented, and the deformation of the pressure receiving plate must be corrected or the friction surface must be polished to secure the flatness of the friction surface.

Therefore, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide a pressure receiving plate having a claw portion whose required hardness is secured with a smaller number of steps.

[0009]

[Constitution of the invention]

[0010]

A first technical means taken in the present invention to solve the above technical problems is an annular shape which is in contact with a friction disk connected to either a driving member or a driven member. Portion and one of the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion is crushed using the other of the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion as a reference guide and integrally molded to form the drive member or the driven member. A claw part connected to either of the other members, and a thickness of the claw part by the crushing process.
Friction engagement in which the thickness is thinner than the thickness of the annular portion
This is the pressure receiving plate of the device .

A second technical means is that an annular portion, which is in contact with a friction disk connected to either a driving member or a driven member, and an inner peripheral surface or an outer peripheral surface of the annular portion. One of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion is used as a reference guide, and both side surfaces in the circumferential direction are constrained to be crushed and integrally molded and connected to the other of the driving member and the driven member. The crushing process
By at least the thickness of the claw portion, the thickness of the annular portion
A pressure receiving plate of a friction engagement device that is thinner than
That is what I did .

[0012]

According to the first and second technical means, the necessary hardness of the claw portion can be secured without heat treatment by crushing. Also, the required hardness of the friction surface is secured. Therefore, the pressure receiving plate has a claw portion in which the deformation of the pressure receiving plate is small and the required hardness is secured by a smaller number of processing steps.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an automatic transmission to which a friction engagement device having a pressure receiving plate according to the present invention is applied. The automatic transmission 1 includes an impression shaft 2 connected to a vehicle engine (not shown) via a torque converter (not shown), and wheels (not shown) via a differential gear mechanism (not shown). ), And a transmission mechanism 4 for connecting between the output shaft 2 and the output shaft 3. Further, the speed change mechanism 4 includes front and rear planetary gear mechanisms 5 and 6 having a sun gear, a ring gear and a planetary gear, and a direct, forward clutch 7 and 8 having a plurality of plates, a plurality of friction discs and a piston, and a reverse brake 9. , A one-way clutch 10 and a band brake 11. These direct, forward clutches 7, 8, reverse brake 9, one-way clutch 10 and band brake 11 are combined to operate the front and rear planetary gear mechanisms 5. ，
Fixing of 6 sun gear, ring gear and planetary gear
By selecting the rotation relation, the input shutter 2
Is transmitted to the output shaft 3 after being changed in a plurality of stages.

A friction engagement device having a pressure receiving plate according to the present invention will be described by taking the forward clutch 8 described above as an example.

The forward clutch 8 is slidable in the axial direction on the drum 81 of the forward clutch 8 and the drum 81.
A plurality of disk plates 82 that are engaged and supported so as to rotate integrally with the ring gear 5 of the front planetary gear mechanism 5.
1 mainly has a plurality of friction plates 83 which are slidable in the axial direction and are engaged and supported so as to rotate integrally with the ring gear 51. Furthermore, this forward clutch 8
Is a hydraulically actuated piston 84 and a drum 8 which are axially slidably supported by a cylinder portion constituted by the input shaft 2 in the drum 81 together with a sealing material.
1 has a backing plate 86 which is restrained from moving in the axial direction by a snap ring 85 and is engaged and supported so as to rotate integrally with the drum 81. Also, the piston 8
A compression plate 87 having a protrusion 871 formed in an annular or arc shape is arranged on the fourth side, and a snap ring 88 is provided between the compression plate 87 and the piston 84 in the axial direction. A disc-shaped spring 89, which has a cushioning action and a return action and is supported by the piston 84 so that the movement thereof is restricted and the inner circumference of the pivot ring 841 is in contact with the pivot ring 841, is arranged. In this configuration, the piston 8
4 is hydraulically operated and slid in the axial direction, the compression plate 87 causes the protrusion 8 to move through the disc-shaped spring 89.
Pressed by 71, disk plate 82 and friction plate 83
And are slid toward the backing plate 86 side, and are pinched between the pressing plate 87 and the backing plate 86 to be frictionally engaged. As a result, torque is transmitted between the drum 81 and the ring gear 51.

The pressure receiving plate according to the present invention will be described by taking the backing plate 86 described above as an example.

As shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the backing plate 86 is made of a rolled steel plate (for example, relatively inexpensive SAPH440), and has an inner peripheral surface 861a and an outer peripheral surface 8.
An annular portion 861 having 61b and a plurality of claw portions 862 are integrally provided.

The claw portion 862 is an outer peripheral surface 861 of the annular portion 861.
The grooves 811 are formed on b at appropriate intervals and are engaged with the groove 811 (see FIG. 1) formed on the drum 81. In addition, Figure 3 is the main
It is a reference example of the pressure receiving plate according to Ming.

One side of the annular portion 861 (surface on the side of the friction plate 83)
Has a friction surface 863 that contacts the friction plate 83 (see FIG. 1).
Is formed on the other side (surface on the snap ring 85 side)
A step surface 864 is formed on the inner surface of the claw portion, which is in contact with the snap ring 85 (see FIG. 1), and extends in the middle of the annular portion. This step surface 864 has a step shape in which the outer peripheral thickness of the annular portion 861 is smaller than the inner peripheral thickness of the annular portion 861 formed by a shaping process described later, and the step ring 864 disposes the snap ring 85. Space will be secured. The step surface 864 may have a taper shape in which the thickness gradually decreases from the inner circumference of the annular portion 861 toward the outer circumference of the annular portion 861 or only the claw portion 862 may have a step shape. The shape of the cross section 864 may be the shape of the pressing plate 88, the backing plate 76 of the direct clutch 7, the backing plate 96 of the reverse brake 9, or the pressing plate 97 (see FIG. 1). ). In the backing plate 86 having such a configuration, at least the claw portion 862 has a hardness (for example, Hv140 or more) higher than that of the material (the rolled steel plate of SAPH440 described above) 14 by the shaping process described later. Further, the claw portion 862 has a hardness (for example, Hv160 or higher) higher than that of the friction surface 863 as necessary. As a result, the claw portion 862 moves from the drum 81 to the ring gear 5
It is possible to withstand the load acting during the torque transmission to No. 1 and to receive the pressing force of the piston 84. Similarly, the friction surface 863 is configured to withstand wear during frictional engagement with the friction plate 83. Also, the claw portion 86
Both side surfaces 862a engaging with the second groove portion 811 are made to have a hardness (Hv 170 or more) higher than at least the hardness of the friction surface by a shaping process described later. Thereby, the claw portion 8
The reference numeral 62 is designed to withstand abrasion and shaking.
Further, the friction surface 863 is made to have a hardness (for example, Hv140 or higher) higher than that of the material (the above-mentioned rolled steel plate of SAPH440) 14 and a surface roughness finer than that of the material 14 (for example, 2Z or less) by a shaping process described later. . As a result, the friction surface 863 is connected to the drum 81 and the backing rate 86.
It is said that proper frictional engagement can be achieved by rotating and.

Next, an example of an apparatus for manufacturing the backing plate 86 will be described.

FIG. 4 shows an apparatus 12 for producing a blank material 15 having an annular portion 861 and a claw portion 862 integrally formed from the material 14, and FIG. 5 shows a friction surface 863 , a claw portion 862 and a claw portion 862 in the circumferential direction. producing cross King plate 86 from the blank 15 established a both side surfaces 862a of the desired hardness and result both friction surface 863 to form a desired surface roughness and to and stepped surface 864 further thickness and overall shape of the device 1
3 is shown.

As shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing apparatus 12 is
For example, it is a cutting die installed in a 200 to 300 ton nut joint press machine, and the material 14 is used as the lower die base 1.
The pressers 128, 127a, 127b which are pressed against the dies 123, 122 assembled on the press 21 are respectively attached to the cushion 12
8a and 128c are punches 126 that are incorporated into the upper die base 125 to press the material 14, and the blank material 15 punched from the material 14 by the punch 126 is die 12
It is composed of a knockout 124 and a cushion 124a which are removed from the unit 3,122. Knockout 124
Is arranged so as to be vertically movable with respect to the dies 123 and 122. The press surface of the punch 126 has a shape that forms the blank material 15. The cushion 124a,
128a and 128c are usually made of urethane and use the elastic force thereof, but hydraulic pressure or air pressure may be used.

As shown in FIG. 5, the manufacturing apparatus 13 is
For example, it is a stamp type installed in a 800-1000t Natsukuru Jyointo press machine, and it constrains the center guide 131 which guides the inner circumference of the annular portion 861 and the claw portion 862, and the circumference of the claw portion 862 and the outer circumference of the annular portion 861. The die 132 for guiding, the punch 133 for pressing the other side of the annular portion 861 and the one side of the annular portion 861 while receiving the punch 1
33, the backing plate 86 shaped from the blank material 15 is constituted by a center guide 131 and a knockout 134 for removing from the die 132. The punch 133 and the knock-out 134 are attached to the center guide 13
1 and the die 132 are vertically movable. The press surface (lower side in the drawing) of the punch 133 has a shape forming a step surface 864, and the receiving surface (upper side in the drawing) of the knockout 134 has a shape forming a friction surface 863.

By using the above-mentioned manufacturing apparatus, the above-mentioned pre-fabricated plate 86 is manufactured by the following manufacturing process.

In FIG. 6, when the material 14 is set in the manufacturing apparatus 12 and the manufacturing apparatus 12 is operated, the punch 126 is
Is lowered and the material 14 is punched out. Thereby, the blank material 15 is manufactured from the material 14 (punching process). At this time, the sagging formed inside and outside the annular portion 861 and around the claw portion 862 is formed only on the other side of the annular portion 861. After that, the blank material 16 is set in the manufacturing apparatus 13 and the manufacturing apparatus 13 is operated.
Once descends toward knockout 134, and annular portion 861
The other side is crushed with a predetermined crushing margin. As a result, the plate thickness and overall shape of the blank material 15 are adjusted and the step surface 864 is adjusted.
The backing plate 86 in which is formed is manufactured (shaping step).

In the shaping process, a gap having a predetermined dimension is set between the center guide 131 and the die 132 and the blank material 15 as shown in FIG. 7, and the blank material 15 is crushed by the existence of this gap. The crushed portion is deformed so as to fill the gap, and as a result, the hardness of at least the friction surface 863, the claw portion 862 and both side surfaces 862a of the claw portion 862 is increased to a desired hardness, and the friction surface 863 is a desired surface. Roughness (claw portion 862 and friction surface 8)
63 is formed). The dimensional relationship of the gap is preferably set to a <b ≦ c <d as shown in FIG.
These dimensions a, b, c, and d are 0.05 m when the blank 15 has an inner diameter of 80 to 160 mm, an outer diameter of 105 to 160 mm, and a plate thickness of 3 to 5 mm.
The dimensions b, c, and d are determined to be equal to or less than m, and the dimensions are determined based on the constraint margin for the crush margin. The restraint allowance indicates a volume ratio between the die 132 and the blank material 15, and the die 13 when the blank material is crushed with a predetermined crushing allowance.
2 is represented with the amount that brings the blank material 15 closer to the die 132 with the crushing allowance being constant, with the condition corresponding to the die size of 2 as the reference (0).

FIG. 8 shows an inner diameter of about 80 mm, an outer diameter of about 110 mm, and a plate thickness of about 4.5 using SAPH440 as the material 14.
It shows the relationship between the crushing margin and the hardness of the friction surface 863 and the claw portion 862 when the blank material 15 having a size of up to 5 mm is subjected to the shaping process. According to this, it is understood that the desired hardness of the friction surface 863 and the claw portion 862 can be obtained with a crushing margin of about 0.1 mm or more. FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the crushing margin and the surface roughness of the friction surface 863 when the shaping process is performed on the blank material 15 described above. According to this, 1.0 mm
It can be seen that the desired surface roughness (for example, 2Z) of the friction surface 863 can be obtained with a crushing margin of a certain degree or more. Therefore, by setting the crushing margin to about 1.0 mm or more, desired hardness of the claw portion 862 and the friction surface 863 and desired surface roughness of the friction surface 863 can be obtained. FIG. 10 shows the blank 1 described above.
5 shows the relationship between the restraint allowance and the hardness of both side surfaces 862a of the claw portion 862 when the shaping process is performed on the No. 5 portion. According to this, it is found that the desired hardness of both side surfaces 862a of the claw portion 862 can be obtained by setting the restraint allowance to be about 0.05 mm or more. Therefore, by setting the restraint allowance to be 0.05 mm or more, the nail can be obtained. A desired hardness (for example, Hv170) of both side surfaces 862a of the portion 862 can be obtained. It should be noted that increasing the restraint allowance sacrifices the guide (centering) of the blank material 15 with respect to the die 132 during the shaping process, so naturally there is a limit, but the shape of the claw portion 862 of the blank material 15 is changed. By changing as shown in FIG. 11, the dimension d is partially reduced, and a guide relating to the claw width of the blank material 15 with respect to the die 132 is performed at this portion, thereby guiding the blank material 15 to the die 132 (core). It is possible to freely set the binding allowance without sacrificing the stock.

A barrel process for removing burrs between the punching process and the shaping process or after the shaping process may be set as required. Further, a polishing process for finishing the friction surface 863 after the shaping process may be set as needed.

Further , a step surface 864 is obtained by applying a crushing process.
And the thickness of the claw portion 862 is smaller than that of the annular portion 861.
Is said to be thin. It is more processing than conventional
The number is reduced.

As described above, the hardness of the claw portion 862 is increased by performing the crushing process. Therefore, the number of processing steps is reduced as compared with the conventional method. Further, the hardness of the friction surface 863 is increased by performing the crushing process, and the friction surface 863 is
The surface roughness of is also improved. Therefore, the processing man-hours are reduced as compared with the conventional case . Further, the crushing process is performed on the other side of the annular portion 861 which causes sagging when the blank 15 is formed .
Then , this sagging can be corrected by crushing. Therefore, the processing man-hours are reduced as compared with the conventional case. Moreover, the crushing process is performed by the shaping process, but since the claw portion 862 is constrained by the die 132 in this shaping process, the plate thickness and the overall shape are adjusted and the hardness of the claw portion 862 is adjusted by performing the crushing process. The hardness is increased, and in particular, the hardness of both side surfaces of the claw portion 862 is further increased.

Therefore, the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, the number of steps is significantly reduced as compared with the related art, and the manufacturing process of the backing plate 86 is simplified.

[0033]

According to the present invention, the claw portion is crushed on either the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion with the other inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion as a reference guide. Since it is integrally molded, the necessary hardness of the claw portion is secured without heat treatment by crushing. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a pressure receiving plate having a claw portion in which the pressure receiving plate is less deformed and the required hardness is secured with a smaller number of processing steps.

Further, according to the present invention, the claw portion uses one of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion as a reference guide and the other of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion. Since it is constrained and crushed to be integrally formed, the plate thickness and the overall shape can be adjusted by crushing, and at least the hardness of both side surfaces of the claw portion can be further increased.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a pressure receiving plate having a claw portion in which a necessary hardness advantageous for wear and slippage is secured with a smaller number of processing steps.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a friction engagement device of an automatic transmission that employs a pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a reference example of a pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing apparatus used in the punching process of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing apparatus used in the shaping process of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the dimensional relationship between the die and the center guide of the manufacturing apparatus used in the shaping process of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention and the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between hardness and a crushing margin of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a relationship between hardness and surface roughness of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hardness of the pressure receiving plate and the restraint allowance according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a modified example of the dimensional relationship between the die and the center guide of the manufacturing apparatus used in the shaping process of the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention and the pressure receiving plate according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Automatic Transmission 8 Forward Clutch (Friction Engagement Device) 51 Front Planetary Gear Mechanism Ring Gear (Driven Member) 81 Forward Clutch Drum (Drive Member) 83 Friction Disc 86 Backing Plate (Pressure Plate) 861 Annular Portion 862 Claw 863 Friction surface 862a Both sides of claw

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hirotaka Ito 3-22 Asanishi, Ogaki-shi, Gifu Marusun Seiki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-5-318010 (JP, A) Kaihei 3-96721 (JP, A) JP-A-53-97969 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16D 65/092 F16D 69/00

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. An annular portion in contact with a friction disk connected to either a driving member or a driven member, and an inner peripheral surface of the annular portion on either an inner peripheral surface or an outer peripheral surface of the annular portion, or A crushing process is performed by using one of the outer peripheral surfaces as a reference guide and is integrally molded, and the claw portion is connected to the other of the driving member and the driven member .
The thickness of the claw portion is thinner than the thickness of the annular portion.
And a pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device. 2. The pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device according to claim 1, wherein the annular portion has a friction surface that contacts the friction plate integrally formed by the crushing process. 3. The claw portion formed by the crushing process
And the hardness of the annular portion is higher than that of the friction surface of the annular portion.
The pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. One of a driving member and a driven member
An annular portion that is in contact with the friction plate connected to the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion
The inner peripheral surface of the annular portion on either one of the surface or the outer peripheral surface or
Use one of the outer peripheral surfaces as the reference guide and move in the circumferential direction.
Both sides are constrained and crushed and integrally molded
Connected to either the driving member or the driven member
At least the nail by the crushing process.
The pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device , wherein the thickness of the portion is smaller than the thickness of the annular portion . 5. The annular portion is integrally formed by the crushing process.
A friction surface in contact with the friction plate to be formed.
The pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device according to 4 . 6. The claw portion formed by the crushing process
The hardness of both sides in the circumferential direction of the
The hardness of the surface is higher than the hardness of the surface.
A pressure receiving plate of the friction engagement device described .