JP3369682B2 - Head vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a headed vegetable harvesting machine provided with a scraping wheel in front of a screw conveyor for harvesting headed vegetables such as cabbage, Chinese cabbage, lettuce and the like from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various types of heading vegetable harvesters have been proposed for harvesting heading vegetables. For example, in the front part of the machine, the tip part opens in a figure-eight shape and pulls out from the field as the machine progresses while pinching the rhizomes of the heading vegetables that are vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. , A pair of left and right screw conveyors consisting of a conveying section for conveying the pulled-out headed vegetables in a state of being inclined toward the rear of the machine body, and a take-up reel arranged above the extracting section of this conveyor, Applicant is proposing.

[0003]

However, in the case where the take-up reel is arranged above the pull-out portion like the screw conveyor of the above-mentioned conventional headed vegetable harvesting machine, the soil condition of the field to be harvested and the harvesting attempt are attempted. Depending on the growing condition of the headed vegetables, the take-in reel may not be able to exhibit sufficient take-in performance, and the harvesting work may not be performed smoothly. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: (1) Rotate the front part of the machine so that the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field are sandwiched from both left and right sides. Meanwhile, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6 that pull out from the field as the machine progresses and convey toward the rear of the machine are provided, and at the tip positions of the both screw conveyors 6, scraping for rotationally driving inward in a substantially horizontal direction relative to each other. In the heading vegetable harvester 1 provided with the wheel 11, the scraping wheel 11
Is the same as when the earth removal space 11d is formed in the rotation plane.
In addition, the rotation speed can be changed ,

(2) The scraping wheels 11 are arranged between
Supported so that the distance can be expanded and contracted ,

(3) The take-in wheel 11 has its rotation
A space for earth removal 11d is formed in the plane and the rotation speed can be changed.
Function, and the distance between them can be expanded or reduced within a predetermined range.
It is supported via an elastic body 25a so that it can move vertically.
It was, and respectively, characterized in that.

[0007]

With the above structure, the headed vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following functions. The scraping wheel 11 forms a space 11d for earth removal in its rotation plane and rotates at the same time.
Since the speed can be changed, even if the scraping wheel scrapes the soil of the field together with the heading vegetables, the soil is discharged from the soil discharging space to the field. In addition, the growth of heading vegetables to be harvested
Change the rotation speed of the scraping wheel according to the situation
Do the work.

The scraping wheels 11 are spaced apart from each other.
By supporting it so that it can be expanded and contracted, the intervals of the scraping wheels are expanded and contracted according to the size of the heading vegetables to be harvested, and appropriate work is performed.

The scraping wheel 11 has a rotating plane.
A space for earth removal 11d is formed inside and the rotation speed can be changed.
In addition, the distance between each other can be expanded or reduced within a predetermined range, and
The scraping wheel scrapes the soil of the field together with the heading vegetables by supporting the elastic body 25a so as to be movable downward.
However, even if it is discharged from the soil discharge space to the field,
To, even if there is some disturbance in the heading vegetables columns to harvest, take-wheel do included the take automatically follow.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIGS. 5 to 7, reference numeral 1 is a headed vegetable harvesting machine, and the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which make a left-right pair and are capable of spin turning. An engine 3 is mounted in the center of the fuselage between the crawlers 2 and 2.
A hydraulic pump 4 and a transmission 5 including a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) are mounted, and power is transmitted from the engine 3. In addition, a pair of left and right screw conveyors 6, 6 are arranged in a diagonal direction from the lower front part of the machine body through the transmission 5 to the upper center part of the machine body to remove the heading vegetables vegetated in the field and convey them backward. The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pivotally supported at their base ends so as to vertically move the front portion. A control unit 7 is provided on the side of the engine 3.

The screw conveyors 6 and 6 are pull-out parts 6a and 6a for pulling out from the field as the machine progresses while rotating so as to clamp the roots of heading vegetables (eg cabbage) vegetated in the field from both left and right sides. , The first carrying section 6b, 6b and the second carrying section 6c, 6c, which carry over the heading vegetables pulled out by the pulling-out sections 6a, 6a in a state where the rhizomes are held, and carry the diagonally upward rearward direction of the machine body, Has been done. A work table (processing space) 8 for manually cutting the rhizome portion from the conveyed headed vegetables is provided in the substantially central portion of the machine body facing the conveying end portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6. On the workbench 8, an upper workbench 8a in the form of a drainboard is provided so as to be rotatable and inclined to one side. Behind the workbench 8, a forklift-shaped container placing part 10 for placing a container 9 containing the cut-and-cured headed vegetables is arranged so that the upper part approaches the workbench 8 and the lower part separates from the workbench 8. It is installed diagonally up and down.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
On both left and right ends of the tip portions of a and 6a, a scraping wheel 11 that is rotationally driven toward each other in a substantially horizontal direction, and scrapes the heading vegetables vegetated in the field to the pull-out portions 6a and 6a,
11 are provided. This scraping wheel 11,11
Is the pull-out portions 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6.
It is disposed so as to be substantially horizontal when viewed from the front of the machine body, or inclined in an inverted V-shape (in the state of the embodiment), with a center line substantially parallel to the axis of the above-mentioned. 5 to 7, the support arm 11b extends in all directions from the rotation support portion 11a, which is the center of rotation, and the protrusion / recess ring 11c having a large number of protrusions and recesses is fixedly provided at the tip of the support arm 11b. ,
A space 11d for earth removal is formed in the plane of rotation that extends from the rotation support portion 11a to the uneven ring 11c. Further, the scraping wheels 11, 11 may be configured as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

That is, in the scraping wheel 11 shown in FIG. 1, a circular concavo-convex ring 11e having winding-shaped concavities and convexities provided on the outer periphery of the circular ring is provided instead of the concavo-convex ring 11c. The scraping wheel 11 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a disk 11f in place of the support arm 11b shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and 1. In this case, the earth discharging space is formed only in a small area between the circular uneven ring 11e and the disk 11f. The scraping wheel 11 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a star-shaped ring 11g fixed to the outer periphery of the disk 11f shown in FIG. The space for use 11d is formed.

The second conveying section 6c of the screw conveyor
A cutting blade 12 for cutting the root portion of the headed vegetables conveyed by the screw conveyors 6 and 6 is provided below the starting end portion of the. On both sides of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, there are provided support frames 14 and 14 which also serve as a transmission mechanism for transmitting power to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, to rotatably support the screw conveyors 6 and 6 and Is transmitted. The rear end portions of the support frames 14 and 14 are pivotally supported on the machine body via a rotation shaft 17 so as to be vertically rotatable. A hydraulic cylinder 18 is interposed between the lower side of the support frame 14 and the machine body, and the screw conveyor 6, 6 is operated by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 18.
6, the support frames 14 and 14, the scraping wheel 11 and the like rotate about the rotation shaft 17, and the front side thereof moves up and down.

The scraping wheel 11 is a support arm 1
3 is attached to a rotary shaft that projects upward from a gear case 15 that is fixed to the tip of the gear 3. Power is input to the gear case 15 via a flexible transmission 20 that receives power via a branch transmission section 16 branched from the support frame 14. The rear part of the support arm 13 is a support cylinder 21.
The gyro support 23 is attached to the rear end of the support cylinder 21 so that the gyro support 23 can be moved forward and backward. The gyro support part 23 has one end with the support frame 14
The support arm 22 fixedly attached to and extending in the horizontal direction and having its front end side bent upward is supported by a pin 24 so as to be movable and rotatable in the vertical and horizontal directions within a predetermined range. The rear end portion of the gyro support portion 23 is movably supported by the front end portion of a support arm 25 having one end fixed to the support frame 14 and extending in the horizontal direction, and the coil spring 25a is interposed on the front end side of the support arm 25. ing.

The rotation speed of the take-in wheels 11, 11 can be changed by changing the speed of the power transmitted to the gear case 15 via the branch transmission section 16 and the flexible transmission 20. In addition, the scraping wheels 11 and 11 are supported by the gyro supporting portion 23 so that their mutual intervals can be expanded and contracted. Further, the scraping wheels 11 and 11 are supported via the support arm 25 and the coil spring 25a so as to be capable of expanding and contracting the mutual distance within a predetermined range and movable in the vertical direction.

At the rear ends of the support frames 14, 14, a power transmission unit 19 for transmitting power by a transmission system from the engine 3 is provided. From the power transmission unit 19, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the scraping wheel 11, Power is transmitted to 11. Then, the screw conveyors 6 and 6 are both rotated inward to convey the headed vegetables with the rhizomes sandwiched therebetween. Further, a holding belt 26 that presses the headed vegetables to be conveyed from above is provided corresponding to the conveying portions of the screw conveyors 6 and 6.

This presser belt 26 is used for the support frame 1.
4, 14 at the front and rear of the portal frame 2
7, 28, and the gate-shaped frames 27, 28 are connected to each other by a connecting frame 29.
On the other hand, the rear portion of the support frame 30 is supported by the pair of left and right link bodies 31, 31 so as to be movable in parallel and pivotally in the vertical and front-rear directions, and the front portion of the support frame 30 is supported with respect to the portal frame 28. It is held by a pair of left and right springs 32, 32. The moving speed of the presser belt 26 and the rotating speed of the screw conveyors 6 and 6, that is, the moving speed of the headed vegetables are synchronized. The link bodies 31 and 31 may be provided not only in the rear portion of the press belt 26 but also in the intermediate portion or the front portion.

On the outer peripheral surface of the pressing belt 26, plate-like scraping bodies 33, 33, ... Made of a flexible member are provided at predetermined intervals. The scraping body 33 does not necessarily have to be provided. The power transmission to the presser belt 26 is performed from the shaft end of the screw conveyor drive section through a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 34. Furthermore, the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also
The operation is performed from the machine body side through a flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 35. And the presser belt 26
Is movable up and down and back and forth within a predetermined range with respect to the screw conveyors 6 and 6, and the entire harvesting and conveying section 36 configured by the holding belt 26, the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the scraping wheels 11 and 11, The front side can be moved up and down by turning around the turning shaft 17.

Pull-out section 6 of screw conveyors 6 and 6
A pair of left and right guide wheels 37, 37 are provided near the sides of a and 6a so as to come into contact with and follow both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge and receive a reaction force for pulling out headed vegetables. This guide wheel 3
7 is a vertical adjustment mechanism 38 provided on the support frame 14.
In addition, it is connected and supported via a connecting member 39, and the left and right widths can be adjusted, and it has a camber angle.
Then, as the machine runs, guide wheels 37, 37 roll on both sides of the headed vegetable cultivation ridge to automatically steer the machine, and a manipulator (turning) operation at the field edge and cutting at the work table 8 by one operator. Enable work and. Further, the vertical movement adjustment and the horizontal width adjustment of the guide wheels 37, 37 are performed according to the height and width of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge.

Behind the control section 7, on the side of the workbench 8, there is provided a step 40 on which an operator rides,
A seat 41 is provided in a part of it. Most of the harvesting work is performed by the guide wheels 37, 37 except that the operator performs a steering (steering) operation on the control unit 7 when turning at the field edge.
Touches both sides of the heading vegetable cultivation ridge and follows, and the steering operation is performed almost automatically, and the worker is
6 and the pressing belt 26, and the work of cutting the rhizome portion with a knife or the like is performed from the headed vegetables discharged from the end of the conveyance to the upper workbench 8a or the workbench 8. The cut headed vegetables are stored in the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10.
The workbench 8 may be in a state in which the upper workbench 8a is omitted.

In the container mounting portion 10, two fork-shaped mounting bases are provided on the inclined frame 42 formed by a pair of left and right channel members provided in a rearward inclination of the workbench 8 on the inclined frame 42, rollers (not shown), A lift device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 43 via a chain and is supported so as to be able to move up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 43. Then, the container 9 containing the bulb vegetables whose roots and roots have been cut is placed, and the container 9 is moved up and down according to the stored amount, and is also used for the cargo handling work of the container 9. The container 9 used here is large enough to accommodate about 200 kg of headed vegetables. Further, the container mounting portion 10 has a structure that can be housed on the side of the machine body by rotating upward from the base end portion thereof.

In the transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 3 to change gears, a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) that continuously changes gears and a speed change gear are used to change continuously and steplessly. The power transmission is connected and disconnected via a differential device to allow the crawlers 2 and 2 to travel continuously and stepwise. A brake device is also provided in association with the differential device. Then, when the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are operated to spin the aircraft.

Screw conveyors 6 and 6, presser belt 2
6 and the scraping wheels 11 and 11, the rotational speed and moving speed of which can be continuously and steplessly adjusted, and by combining this with stepless or stepwise variable speed running of the crawlers 2 and 2, The harvesting speed of headed vegetables can be set freely. Also, the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the presser belt 2
6 and the scraping wheels 11, 11 and the like, when traveling on the road or at the time of turning work at the end of the field, extend the hydraulic cylinder 18 to rotate the rotating shaft 17 about the center, and raise the tip end side on the road. It facilitates running and enables headland turning in a small area.

Next, the operation of the headed vegetable harvesting machine 1 configured as described above will be described. The heading vegetable harvester 1
For example, when performing a harvesting operation in a field where cabbage, which is a heading vegetable, is cultivated, the guide wheel 3 is used according to the cultivation ridge.
7, 37 are adjusted up and down by the up-down adjustment mechanism 38, and the left-right width is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 18 is contracted to lower the front part of the harvesting and conveying section 36, and the guide wheels 37, 37 are provided on both sides of the cultivation ridge. In the contact state, the scraping wheels 11, 11,
The screw conveyors 6 and 6 and the pressing belt 26 are rotationally driven, and the crawlers 2 and 2 cause the machine body to run. Then, the airframe is almost automatically steered by the guide wheels 37, 37, and the cabbage vegetated on the cultivation ridges moves up and down within a predetermined range.
11 is scraped in, and the rhizomes are clamped from both sides by the pull-out portions 6a, 6a of the screw conveyors 6, 6.
It is pulled out by the outward rotation and the traveling of the aircraft, and is sent backward without stagnation.

The rotation speeds of the take-in wheels 11, 11, the screw conveyors 6, 6 and the pressing belt 26 are adjusted according to the condition of the crop and the field. And scraping wheel 1
The cabbage scraped by 1, 11 is the pull-out part 6
a, 6a is taken over and is being pulled out 6a,
The root diameter portion is clamped by 6a and pulled out. The cabbage pulled out by the pulling-out parts 6a, 6a is transported to the first
The transfer units 6b and 6b take over, and then the second transfer unit 6
It is taken over by c and 6c and is raised and conveyed at a steep angle toward the rear of the machine. In this conveying process, the cabbage is pressed by the pressing belt 26 from above and moves in a stable posture, and its root is cut by the cutting blade 12 during the movement.

The front end of the presser belt 26 is suspended by an upper frame 29 by a spring 32 and can be vertically moved and moved in parallel by a link body 31. Further, at a portion corresponding to the screw conveyors 6, 6, a scraping body 33, 33 is provided. Since the cabbage is squeezed by ..., the cabbage is pressed properly to correct the posture, and more reliably conveyed, and the root of the cabbage is cut at a fixed position by the cutting blade 12. Further, since the power transmission to the pressing belt 26 is performed by the flexible tube 35, the pressing belt 26 can freely move up and down and move in parallel within a predetermined range.

Further, in the harvesting and conveying section 36 such as the screw conveyors 6 and 6, the scraping wheels 11 and 11 and the pressing belt 26, the rear end portions of the supporting frames 14 and 14 are the rotating shafts 17.
Since the front end side is supported by the guide wheels 37, 37, the front side of the screw conveyors 6, 6 is very lightly supported, and quickly follows the unevenness of the field in the floating state. Therefore, highly accurate harvesting work can be performed. Further, since the power transmission to the cutting blade 12 is also performed from the machine body side through the flexible tube 35, the vertical movement of the entire harvesting and transporting section 36 is smoothly performed, and stable harvesting operation is performed.

The cabbage discharged from the conveyance end portions of the clew conveyors 6 and 6 is brought to the upper workbench 8a or the workbench 8. Then, the worker cuts the stem trunk, the lower leaves and the like from the cabbage with a kitchen knife or the like and processes them. Upper workbench 8a
If the work table 8 is soiled with dirt or the like, it does not adhere to the cabbage when the work is carried out. The cut stem stem and lower leaves are released to the field. The cut cabbage is accommodated so as to be put into the container 9 placed on the container placing section 10. At this time, when the amount of cabbage accommodated in the container 9 is small, the container placing part 10 is raised and lowered as the amount thereof increases, so that damage caused when the cabbage is thrown in and dropped is reduced.

The container mounting portion 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder 43.
As a result, the machine is moved up and down in an oblique direction with respect to the machine body. By raising the machine body to approach the machine body side, the center of gravity of the machine body is moved toward the center of the machine body, and stable traveling performance is obtained. Further, when the cabbage in the container 9 is full, the harvesting work is interrupted once, and the front side of the harvesting and transporting section 36 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 18 while the machine is on the ridge or at a place where harvesting has already been completed. Then, the container 9 is unloaded by the container placing section 10, a new container 9 is placed, and the harvesting work is restarted. The cabbage in the unloaded container 9 is boxed and shipped by another worker.

Here, the heading vegetable harvester 1 has a transmission 5 in front of the crawlers 2 and 2, an engine 3, a control section 7 and a processing space 8 in the center, and a container mounting section in the rear. By arranging 10, the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, and the traveling property, turning performance, and stability of the machine body are improved. Further, since the crawlers 2 and 2 are configured to be spin-turnable and the transmission 5 is disposed in the central portion on the front side of the machine body, when the machine body spin-turns, it can be rotated in either left or right direction with good balance. Therefore, the crawlers 2 and 2 do not greatly scrape the soil in the field.

[0032]

As described above, the heading vegetable harvester of the present invention has the following effects. Since the scraping wheel 11 forms the soil discharging space 11d in the rotation plane and is configured to be able to change the rotation speed , even if the scraping wheel scrapes the soil in the field with the heading vegetables, It is not discharged into the field from the space for use and does not bring soil to the screw conveyor. Also, the heading vegetables to be harvested
Change the rotation speed of the scraping wheel according to the growth situation of
You can do the right thing.

The scraping wheels 11 are spaced apart from each other.
I supported it so that it could be scaled, so I decided to use the size of the heading vegetables to be harvested.
Depending on the size, the spacing between the scraping wheels can be increased or decreased to perform the appropriate work.
I can.

The scraping wheel 11 has its rotating plane.
A space for earth removal 11d is formed inside and the rotation speed can be changed.
In addition, the distance between each other can be expanded or reduced within a predetermined range, and
Since it is supported movably in the downward direction via the elastic body 25a , the scraping wheel scrapes the soil in the field together with the heading vegetables.
Even so, while being discharged to the field from the soil discharge space,
Even if there is some disturbance in the row of headed vegetables to be harvested,
The jamming wheel can automatically follow and scrape.
Wear.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a scraping wheel portion according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the other embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of still another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the whole headed vegetable harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Balloon Vegetable Harvester 2 Crawler 3 Engine 4 Hydraulic Pump 5 Transmission 6 Screw Conveyor 6a Extraction Part 6b First Transfer Part 6c Second Transfer Part 7 Control Part 8 Worktable (Processing Space) 8a Slat-shaped Upper Workbench 9 Container 10 Container placement part (lift device) 11 Scraping wheel 11a Rotation support part 11b
Support arm 11c Concavo-convex ring 11d Space for earth removal
11e Circular concavo-convex ring 11f Disk 11g Star-shaped ring 12 Cutting blade 13 Support arm 14 Support frame 15 Gear case 16 Branch transmission part 17 Rotating shafts 18,43 Hydraulic cylinder 19 Power transmission part 20 Flexible transmission body 21 Support cylinder 22 Support arm 23 Gyro Support part 24 Pin 25 Support arm 25a Coil spring 26 Holding belt 27, 28 Gate type frame 29 Connection frame 30 Support frame 31 Link body 32 Spring 33 Scraping body 34, 35 Flexible tube (transmission mechanism) 36 Harvesting and transporting part 37 Guide wheel 38 Vertical adjustment mechanism 39 Connecting member 40 Step 41 Seat 42 Tilt frame

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-51-91150 (JP, A) JP-A-52-61550 (JP, A) Actually open 63-112436 (JP, U) Actual-open Sho-61-146126 (JP , U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 45/26

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of left and right that transports toward the rear of the machine body as the machine body progresses while rotating while holding the rhizomes of the heading vegetables vegetated in the field from both the left and right sides in the front part of the machine body. Heading vegetable harvester (1) in which screw conveyors (6) are provided, and scraping wheels (11) that are rotationally driven inward in a substantially horizontal direction are provided at the tip positions of both screw conveyors (6). In the above, the scraping wheel (11) forms an earth discharging space (11d) in its rotation plane and can change the rotation speed.
A headed vegetable harvester characterized by being configured into Noh . 2. The scraping wheels (11) are mutually
The ball head vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the interval is supported so as to be expandable and contractible . According to claim 3, wherein the take-wheel (11), the times
Form a space for earth removal (11d) in the rolling plane to control the rotation speed.
It can be changed, and the distance between each other can be expanded or reduced within a predetermined range.
Function, and movable vertically, via an elastic body (25a).
The head- crop vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, which is supported by .