JP3372137B2 - Simulated flue gas control device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device for generating a gas (pseudo combustion exhaust gas) containing a desired concentration of gas components similar to the exhaust gas emitted from combustion equipment such as a gas water heater and a gas stove. Especially, SO _X and NO _X
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device suitable for supplying pseudo combustion exhaust gas containing both corrosive component gas and water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some exhaust gas systems of recent indoor combustion equipment such as gas water heaters are equipped with a CO sensor. In the combustion equipment, if incomplete combustion occurs for some reason, CO gas will be generated.
This is because the sensor detects it and takes action such as stopping the combustion equipment. In order to test the characteristics and durability of this CO sensor, a pseudo combustion exhaust gas containing various gas components of desired concentration and adjusted to a desired temperature is required.

Taking a combustion apparatus using city gas as a fuel, for example, the components of general combustion exhaust gas are H ₂ O; 3 to 12
%, O ₂ ; 3 to 18%, CO ₂ ; 1 to 10%, and most of the rest is N ₂ . The band of each component is mainly due to the change in the combustion air excess ratio. Furthermore, as the following minor component ppm order, CO, SO _X, include NO _X. The temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is generally 60 to 230 ° C.

The simplest way to produce a simulated flue gas is to mix various gases of known concentration. However, since H ₂ O is a liquid at room temperature and pressure and has a low dew point, it is necessary to devise a little in order to mix H ₂ O into the gas at a high concentration as described above.

Among the methods of mixing H ₂ O into gas,
The following two types of typical methods have been performed conventionally. A method of heating water by a steamer to form water vapor and mixing it into gas: A steamer is 200 to 30
It is a device that supplies a fixed amount of water into the evaporation chamber heated to 0 ° C. and instantly evaporates it to obtain a desired amount of water vapor. Bubbling the gas into the water with a saturator and letting the gas contain water vapor:

[0006]

The above-mentioned conventional technique has the following problems. Steamer method: When steam is constantly mixed at normal pressure, the temperature of the steamer must be 100 ° C. or higher, so the temperature of the produced gas may be too high. Further, depending on the pressure of the component gas mixed with the steam generated in the steamer, the flow of steam is obstructed and it becomes impossible to constantly send steam.

Saturator method: Since the amount of water added to the gas is unstable, the water concentration in the generated gas varies greatly. Further, since the pulsation of bubbling is likely to occur, the flow rate of gas is also likely to change. Further, since water cannot be contained in the gas beyond the saturated water vapor content, it is necessary to control the water temperature depending on the H ₂ O concentration and the temperature of the gas of other components. Further, since the water temperature cannot be 100 ° C., a heater must be provided after the saturator in order to obtain a regulated gas of 100 ° C. or higher. In that case, the problem of corrosion of the heater element in the heater part also arises.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus suitable for supplying combustion exhaust gas containing both corrosive component gas such as SO _X and NO _X and water.

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of the present invention is a pseudo combustion exhaust gas for generating pseudo combustion exhaust gas containing water vapor and other gas components at arbitrary concentrations. An exhaust emission control device;
Component gas supply means for supplying a gas containing various gas components other than water vapor at a desired flow rate, a mixer for mixing the supplied component gases, a heater for heating the mixed gas (mixed gas), and a heater Water addition means for adding a desired flow rate of water to the mixed gas.

[0010]

First, component gases other than H ₂ O such as CO ₂ and N ₂ are supplied to the mixer from a gas cylinder or the like at a certain flow rate through a flow rate adjusting valve or the like to mix these component gases. In this example, the gas cylinder and the flow rate adjusting valve form the component gas supply means. Then, after heating the obtained mixed gas with a heater, a desired flow rate of water is added to the gas by a water addition means arranged downstream of the heater. The added water is evaporated by the heat of the gas and is contained in the mixed gas to obtain a regulated gas having a desired H ₂ O concentration.

Therefore, since the heater heats the component gas (dry gas) that does not contain water vapor, it is possible to prevent corrosion breakage of the heater due to the mixture of corrosive gas and H ₂ O.

In the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of the present invention, further, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the gas (adjusted gas) on the outlet side of the water adding means and a signal from this temperature sensor are input to output the heater. A gas temperature controller that controls the temperature of the regulated gas by controlling,
Is preferably provided.

This is because it is possible to generate a pseudo exhaust gas controlled to a desired temperature (for example, room temperature to 200 ° C.), which is suitable for conducting a characteristic test or a durability test of a CO sensor. Also, the distance between the temperature sensor and the heater can be shortened (for example, 20 to 30 m).
m), the responsiveness of temperature control can also be improved.

In the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of the present invention, the water addition means is a porous member arranged in a gas passage through which the mixed gas passes, and water supply for supplying water to the porous member at a desired flow rate. And means are preferably included. This is because the supplied water surely evaporates, so that the fluctuation of the H ₂ O concentration in the adjusted gas can be prevented.

In the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of the present invention, the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting system comprising the above component gas supply means, mixer, heater, water adding means and the like is provided.
It is preferable that some of the above-mentioned various component gases are provided as a low-concentration gas obtained by diluting the gas component with a diluent gas, and the concentration of the low-concentration gas varies depending on each adjustment system.

The gas components in the combustion exhaust gas are roughly divided into high-concentration gas components such as N ₂ and H ₂ O, CO ₂ and O _{2 which} are contained in the percent order, and CO, SO _x and NO _{x which} are in the ppm order. There are the following low-concentration gas components (trace components). If the latter trace component is to be taken out from a 100% concentration gas cylinder or the like and mixed, an extremely small amount of gas must be flow-controlled with high precision, and the operation of the adjusting device becomes considerably difficult. on the other hand,
If such a trace component is diluted with N ₂ or the like as a low-concentration gas of a predetermined concentration, a trace amount of control becomes unnecessary and the operation becomes easy.

Further, regarding CO and the like, it is required to generate a regulated gas which is changed in a considerably wide concentration range (for example, 0 to 3000 ppm). In such cases,
If the concentration of the diluent gas is one, the flow rate must be changed 1000 times or more, which is also extremely difficult. In addition, the adjustment range of a general flow rate regulator (mass flow controller, etc.) is 5% to 100.
% (20 times). Therefore, it is possible to supply a plurality of diluting gases having different concentrations so that the gas cylinder can be switched depending on the required concentration.

Further, when it is desired to test the dynamic characteristics of the CO sensor, it is necessary to instantaneously switch the CO concentration and temperature of the simulated combustion exhaust gas. Such a momentary switching is difficult with the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device having only one gas adjusting system. By providing the adjusting device with a plurality of adjusting systems, it is possible to meet the above-mentioned demand.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. Figure 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus 1 has two adjusting systems (A) 3 and (B) 3 '. The pseudo-combustion exhaust gas adjusted by each adjustment system 3, 3'is selectively sent to the test box 7 for the CO sensor test. The adjustment systems 3 and 3 ′ have the same configuration except that the gas component concentrations of the gas cylinders are partially different. Each part (equipment, piping, etc.) of this pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device 1
Is made of a corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel (SUS316).

The configuration of the adjustment system will be described. In the adjustment system 3, gas cylinders 11 to 25 in which air and gas components such as N ₂ and O ₂ are stored are provided.
The air is used as a dummy gas that flows when the heater 93 heats up, as described in detail later. Each gas component is taken out at a desired flow rate and mixed to form a pseudo combustion exhaust gas. The air in the air cylinder 11 is sent to the mixer 91 and the heater 93 via the pressure regulating valve 31, the check valve 49, the flow rate regulating valve 51, the pipe 71 and the like.

N ₂ cylinder 13, O ₂ cylinder 15, and
The CO ₂ cylinder 17 is filled with each gas having a concentration of 100%. H ₂ cylinder 19, CO cylinder 21,
The SO _X cylinder 23 and the NO _X cylinder 25 are filled with a low concentration gas diluted with N ₂ .
An example of the concentration is H ₂ ; 4000 ppm, 1%, C
O: 1% to 10%, SO _X : 200 ppm, NO _X : 1
It is 000 ppm. The concentration of the CO cylinder 21 is set to 10% in the adjustment system A and 1% in the adjustment system B so that the adjustment gas in a wide concentration range can be generated.

The respective component gases flow out from the gas cylinders 13 to 25, then the pressure regulating valves 33 to 45, and the mass flow controller 5.
3 to 65, the conduit 73, and the flow path switching valves 75 and 77, and is sent to the mixer 91 and the heater 93. The pressure on the outlet side of each pressure regulating valve is, for example, 1 kg / cm ² G.
The mass flow controller precisely controls the flow rates of gas and water (mass flow controller 67). The mass flow controller of this embodiment is
It is a combination of a heating type mass flow sensor and a thermal valve that operates by its signal. An example of such a mass flow controller is model number SEC-410 manufactured by STEC Co., Ltd.

On the other hand, water (pure water) which is the source of water vapor is sent from the water tank 27 to the water adder 95 via the mass flow controller 67 and the water pipe 69.

The flow path switching valve 75 connected to the pipelines 73 and 71 is a three-way valve for switching the gas sent to the mixer 91 and the heater 93 to either air or component gas. As described above, when heating the heater 93, air is sent, and in other cases, each component gas is sent.
The flow passage switching valve 77 located on the outlet side of the flow passage switching valve 75 is a three-way valve that switches between sending gas to the gas meter 83 and the purge line 85, or to the mixer 91 and the heater 93. The operation of the flow path switching valve 77 will be described later.

The mixer 91 is for uniformly mixing the gas components. The heater 93 is connected to the outlet side of the mixer 91 and heats the mixed gas (for example, 60 to 60).
200 ° C.). Its structure will be described later. The water adder 95 is connected to the outlet side of the mixer 91 and is for adding water to the heated mixed gas. Its structure will be described later.

The temperature sensor 97 is attached to the outlet side of the water adder 95 and detects the temperature of the regulated gas discharged from the water adder 95. The temperature signal of the temperature sensor 97 is input to the gas temperature controller 99. The gas temperature controller 99 controls the output of the heater 93 in order to bring the adjusted gas temperature of the temperature sensor 97 to a desired temperature.

The adjusted gas exiting the water adder 95 is supplied to the pipeline 10.
5, it is sent to the test box 7 and the like via the flow path switching valve 107 and the pipe 109. The flow path switching valve 107 sends the regulated gas to the purge line 85 via the conduit 108 or the conduit 109.
This is a flight for switching between sending to the test box 7 via.
The flow path switching valve 111 is the same flow path switching valve in the adjustment system (B) 3 ′. When the transient response characteristic of the CO sensor is tested in the test box 7, the adjustment system (A) 3 and the adjustment system (B) 3'prepare to adjust different CO concentration gases, and the flow path switching valve By switching 107 and the flow path switching valve 111, the test box 7
It is possible to send a regulated gas whose CO concentration changes rapidly.

The pipe line 101 connected to the outlet side of the water adder 95 is a line for adjusting (finely adjusting) the flow rate of the adjusting gas sent to the test box 7. That is, the pipeline 105
When decreasing the flow rate of, the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 103 is increased. When closing the pipe line 101, the stop valve 102 is closed.

The purge line 85 is a line used when purging the pipeline in the adjusting system 3. The flow path switching valve 81 is connected to the conduits 79, 82 and the like. A gas meter 83 is connected to the conduit 82, and the adjusted gas can be sent from the flow path switching valve 81 to the gas meter 83 to measure the flow rate of the adjusted gas. The gas analyzer 5 is further connected to the outlet side of the gas meter 83, and the concentration of each gas component (CO, CO _2, etc.) in the adjusted gas can be measured.

An example of the operation method of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described. Open each gas cylinder 13-25 and adjust each pressure regulating valve 33-4.
Adjust the pressure with 5, and each mass flow controller 53 ~
At 65, the flow rate of the component gas is adjusted. The component gas is sent to the gas meter 83 through the flow passage switching valves 75 and 77, the pipe 79, the flow passage switching valve 81, and the pipe 82, and the gas flow rate (total flow rate excluding H ₂ O) is measured and adjusted. Further, the gas analyzer 5 confirms that the gas component has a predetermined concentration.

The flow path switching valves 75 and 77 are switched so that air flows from the air cylinder 11 to the mixer 91, the heater 93,
After allowing the water to flow to the purge line 85 through the water adder 95, the flow path switching valve 107, and the pipe 108, the heater 93 is heated. Water is introduced from the water tank 27 into the water adder 95 via the mass flow controller 67 and the water pipe 69.

After confirming that the temperature on the outlet side of the water adder 95 (detected by the temperature sensor 97) is stable near the target value, the flow path switching valves 75 and 77 are switched to mix the component gas with the mixer 91 and the heater. 93, introduced into the water adder 95. Finally, after confirming that the adjusted gas temperature is stable, the flow path switching valve 107 is switched to allow the adjusted gas to flow into the test box 7.

When reducing the total flow rate of the adjusting gas,
The flow rate control valve 103 can be opened to purge a part of the adjustment gas, and the flow rate can be controlled without changing the composition of the adjustment gas.

In the simulated combustion exhaust gas control apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned tests, one component (for example, H ₂ or H ₂
It is also possible to evaluate the characteristics of the CO sensor when ₂ O) is changed.

Next, an example of the structure of each component of the simulated combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of this embodiment will be described. Figure 2
It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the heater of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjustment apparatus of FIG.

The heater 93 has a main body 129 having a gas inlet 131, a gas outlet 143 and the like. The gas that enters the main body 129 through the gas inlet 131 passes through the heater wire 137 from the inlet chamber 133, passes through the outlet chamber 141, and exits through the gas outlet 143.

The heater wire 137 is arranged in six columns in a cylindrical space between the outer insulator 135 and the core insulator 139. Electric power is supplied to the heater wire 137 from the electric cord 130. The gas flowing in the heater 93 is heated by the heater wire 137.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the water adder of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of FIG. Water adder 95
Is a body 15 with a gas inlet 151 and a gas outlet 161
Have 7. Further, a porous member 159 is arranged in the gas flow path inside the main body 157.

The porous member 159 is a member formed by sintering spherical stainless particles (SUS316, particle size 90 μm) to form a top cylinder. It is placed on a pedestal 160 with the top facing up. The porous member 159 is pressed against the pedestal by the spring 155. The gas is the porous member 159.
Flows through the same member from the outer periphery to the inside.

Above the porous member 159, a water dropping pipe 15 is provided.
3 are arranged. From the water dropping pipe 153, water sent via the water pipe 69 of FIG. 1 is dropped onto the porous member 159 and permeates into the porous member 159. The impregnated water comes into contact with the gas (which is heated) passing through the porous member 159, evaporates and is contained in the gas, and exits from the gas outlet 161.

[0041]

As is apparent from the above description, the pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus of the present invention exhibits the following effects. Since the amount of water supplied can be strictly controlled, an accurate regulated gas of H ₂ O concentration can be generated. Since the heater heats the component gas that does not contain water vapor, it is possible to prevent corrosion breakage of the heater due to the mixture of corrosive gas and H ₂ O. When the temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the regulated gas and the gas temperature controller that controls the temperature of the regulated gas are provided, the pseudo exhaust gas controlled to a desired temperature can be generated. Further, since the distance between the temperature sensor and the heater can be shortened, the responsiveness of temperature control can be improved.

When the water addition means is of the above-mentioned porous member type, the supplied water surely evaporates, so that the fluctuation of the H ₂ O concentration in the adjusted gas can be prevented. When two or more pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting systems are provided and the concentration of the low-concentration gas is different depending on each adjusting system, the trace components in the adjusted gas can be easily controlled. Also, the gas component concentration and temperature of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas can be switched instantaneously.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal structure of a heater of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas control apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the water adder of the pseudo combustion exhaust gas control apparatus of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Pseudo Exhaust Gas Adjustment Device 3 Pseudo Exhaust Gas Adjustment Part (A) 3'Pseudo Exhaust Gas Adjustment Part (B) 5 Gas Analyzer 7 Test Box 11-25 Gas Cylinder 27 Water Tank 31-45 Pressure Regulator 49 Check Valve 51 Flow Control Valve 53 ~ 67 Mass flow controller 69 Water pipes 71, 73, 79, 82, 105, 109, 113, 1
15 Pipe line 83 Gas meter 85 Purge line 75, 77, 81, 107, 111 Flow path switching valve 91 Mixer 93 Heater 95 Water adder 97 Temperature sensor 129 Main body 130 Electric cord 131 Gas inlet 133 Inlet side chamber 135 Outer wall 139 Core Gasisch 141 Outlet side chamber 143 Gas outlet 151 Gas inlet 153 Water dropping pipe 155 Spring 157 Main body 159 Porous member 160 Pedestal 161 Gas outlet

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A 63-308535 (JP, A) JP-A 8-201328 (JP, A) JP-A 50-28394 (JP, A) JP-A 4-328444 (JP , A) JP-A-7-103861 (JP, A) JP-A-5-273170 (JP, A) JP-A-63-271047 (JP, A) Practical use Shou 54-96690 (JP, U) Practical use flat 5-94634 (JP, U) Actual Kaihei 6-17184 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 1/00 B01F 3/02 B01F 15/04 B01J 7 / 00 JISST file (JOIS)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device for generating pseudo combustion exhaust gas containing water vapor and other gas components at an arbitrary concentration; a gas containing various gas components other than water vapor (hereinafter simply referred to as a component). (Referred to as gas) at a desired flow rate, a mixer that mixes the supplied component gases, a heater that heats the mixed gas (mixed gas), and a desired flow rate in the heated mixed gas. A pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting apparatus comprising: a water adding means for adding water. 2. A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the gas (regulated gas) on the outlet side of the water addition means, and a signal from this temperature sensor is input to control the output of the heater to control the temperature of the regulated gas. The simulated combustion exhaust gas control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a gas temperature controller for controlling. 3. The water addition means includes a porous member arranged in a gas flow path through which the mixed gas passes, and water supply means for supplying water to the porous member at a desired flow rate. The pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device described. 4. A system comprising two or more systems of pseudo-combustion exhaust gas control system composed of the component gas supply means, a mixer, a heater, a water addition means, etc., wherein some of the various component gases are diluted with the gas component. The pseudo combustion exhaust gas adjusting device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is supplied as a low-concentration gas diluted with a gas and has a different concentration depending on each adjusting system.