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JP3373302B2 - Fired pencil lead - Google Patents
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JP3373302B2 - Fired pencil lead - Google Patents

Fired pencil lead

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Publication number
JP3373302B2
JP3373302B2 JP17133294A JP17133294A JP3373302B2 JP 3373302 B2 JP3373302 B2 JP 3373302B2 JP 17133294 A JP17133294 A JP 17133294A JP 17133294 A JP17133294 A JP 17133294A JP 3373302 B2 JP3373302 B2 JP 3373302B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pencil lead
fullerene
graphite
carbon
result
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP17133294A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0834951A (en
Inventor
昌志 若田
秀臣 鯉沼
清一郎 広中
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
Priority to JP17133294A priority Critical patent/JP3373302B2/en
Publication of JPH0834951A publication Critical patent/JPH0834951A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3373302B2 publication Critical patent/JP3373302B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、鉛筆芯、シャープペン
シル用芯に関するもので、滑らかな筆感を与える焼成鉛
筆芯に関する。 【0002】 【従来の技術】従来、鉛筆芯は、黒鉛や窒化ホウ素、タ
ルク、マイカ、カーボンブラックなどの無機体質剤と粘
土及び界面活性剤や可塑剤としての水等を混合、混練
し、成形した後、高温で熱処理して焼結体を得、これに
油脂類を含浸して製造される粘土タイプのものと、 【0003】前記無機体質剤と合成樹脂や天然樹脂また
はアスファルトなどのピッチ類と可塑剤や滑剤等を混
合、混練し、成形した後800〜1,400℃の非酸化
性雰囲気で熱処理して樹脂を炭素化させ、炭素をバイン
ダーとした焼成体を得、これに油脂類を含浸してなる炭
素タイプのものに大別される。基本的には、その実用強
度とコストの関係から粘土タイプの鉛筆芯は木軸鉛筆、
炭素タイプの鉛筆芯はシャープペンシル用に使い分けら
れる。 【0004】従来、鉛筆芯には、体質剤として、主とし
て結晶性潤滑剤として働く黒鉛又は窒化ホウ素などが使
用されて、その配合や配向などの工程設計によって、書
き味や曲げ強度の向上が図られて来た。タルクやマイカ
を体質剤として用いると、高温熱処理時に結晶水が離脱
し、潤滑性を喪失するため、書き味の劣る芯となる。そ
のため、実質的には黒鉛または窒化ホウ素(主に黒鉛)
が用いられる。黒鉛や窒化ホウ素は固体潤滑剤として使
用される物質であるが、芯にした場合、バインダーとな
る粘土焼結体や炭素との作用で単体の様な潤滑性は示さ
ない。そのためと考えられるが、更なる筆感の滑らかさ
の向上が期待される。 【0005】炭素原子の結晶といえば黒鉛とダイヤモン
ドが考えられる。黒鉛は炭素が蜂の巣状に六角形に並ん
だものが幾層にも重なり合っている。ダイヤモンドは立
体的にびっしりと炭素原子を詰め込んだ構造の結晶であ
る。 【0006】最近になって、炭素原子が隣り合う三つの
炭素原子と手をつなぎ五角形が12個、六角形が20個
からなる32面体からなるサッカーボール型のC60とい
う球状の空洞分子が発見され、その仲間に炭素原子の数
が70,76,78,82,84,90,96のものが
安定に存在することが明らかになった。この炭素原子の
みで構成された球殻状分子をフラーレンと称する。また
炭素原子の数が100を越える球殻状炭素分子はジャイ
アントフラーレンと総称されている。 【0007】本発明で、フラーレン類とは、前記フラー
レン、ジャイアントフラーレン、及びこれらを含む媒
(フラーレンスート)、金属原子などを包含したフラー
レン、表面を処理したフラーレンを総称する。 【0008】フラーレンを用いる方法としては、米国特
許5,114,477号公報のインキの着色剤として用
いる方法、米国特許5,188,918号公報や米国特
許5,232,810号公報のトナー(現像液)の顔料
の一部として使用する方法、特開平5−182818号
公報の磁性体としての利用、特開平5−179269号
公報の潤滑剤としての利用、フラーレン内に金属原子を
包含した超電導材料としての研究がある。 【0009】この内、特開平5−179269号公報
は、フラーレン表面をフッ素化することで、表面のフッ
素原子の構成比を上げ、表面エネルギーを低下させるこ
とで優れた潤滑性を示す分子ベアリングを提供してい
る。しかし、この潤滑剤は可動部分を有する装置、機械
類に好適な潤滑油、磁気記憶装置における磁気ヘッドと
磁気ディスクの間の潤滑、マイクロモーターなどの極微
な機械装置用の潤滑剤である。本発明のような鉛筆芯の
書き味をよくする潤滑剤ではない。 【0010】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、書き
味に優れ、かつ曲げ強度の優れた焼成鉛筆芯、特に滑ら
かさに優れた焼成鉛筆芯を提供することである。 【0011】 【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記の課
題を解決すべく鋭意研究を行った結果、焼成鉛筆芯の場
合、バインダーとなる粘土焼結体や炭素化炭素との作用
で黒鉛や窒化ホウ素が単体の様な潤滑性を示さないとこ
ろから、フラーレン類を添加することで曲げ強度を低下
することなく、滑らかさに優れた鉛筆芯を得て、本発明
を完成した。 【0012】すなわち本発明は、無機体質剤を用いる高
温熱処理型鉛筆芯において、フラーレン類を添加してな
る焼成鉛筆芯である。 【0013】真空蒸着によるフラーレン薄膜の形成研究
などで知られているように、フラーレンC60を真空中で
加熱すると350〜400℃の温度で昇華し、黄色の薄
膜をつくることができる。高配向熱合成黒鉛(HOP
G)上に1分子層程度のC60を蒸着したものをSTM
(走査トンネル顕微鏡)で観察すると、黒鉛の結晶面上
に、一次元鎖状にC60の分子が配列し、この配列が膜中
の多くの箇所で認められ、下地の黒鉛の炭素原子の配列
と一定の関係をもっているようである。 【0014】一方、鉛筆芯の製造においては、粘土の焼
結や樹脂の炭素化のために1,000℃前後の高温を必
要とするため、フラーレンの揮発が考えられる。しかし
ながら、鉛筆芯の製造における高温熱処理は通常真空で
は行わず、常圧で行う、また樹脂の炭素化の際には、樹
脂の種類によって違いはあるが、約50%にも及ぶ体積
収縮があり、フラーレン類は加圧された状態で熱処理を
受けているものと考えられる。このため高温熱処理後の
鉛筆芯において、フラーレン類が残存することで、滑ら
かさに優れた鉛筆芯が得られるものと思われる。 【0015】鉛筆芯の滑らかさは、筆記時の芯と紙との
動摩擦係数およびその振幅、静摩擦係数で表わすことが
できる。すなわち動摩擦係数は筆記中の書き味の重さに
対応し、その振幅はガサツキや引っかかりと言った感覚
に対応し、静摩擦係数は書き出し時の引っかかりに対応
するものとして捕らえることが出来る。 【0016】 【作用】鉛筆芯中にフラーレン類が存在すると、滑らか
さが向上する理由は定かではないが、焼成後にも残存す
ることで黒鉛/黒鉛間又は/及び黒鉛/バインダー炭素
間あるいはバインダー炭素/バインダー炭素間で分子ベ
アリングとして作用することで潤滑性が向上し、滑らか
さが向上したものと考えられる。 【0017】 【実施例】以下に、本発明を実施例によって、更に具体
的に説明するが、本発明は実施例によつて何等限定され
るものではない。 (実施例1) 平均粒子径8.0μmの天然鱗片状黒鉛 50重量部 塩化ビニル樹脂 50重量部 フラーレンC60(純度95%) 0.1重量部 フタル酸ジオクチル 15重量部 ステアリン酸亜鉛 1重量部 上記配合組成物を十分に混練し、細線状に押出成形し、
空気中で加熱乾燥および不融化処理を行った後、窒素雰
囲気中で約1,000℃まで加熱焼成して得た焼成体に
スピンドル油を含浸して直径0.57mmの鉛筆芯を得
た。得られた鉛筆芯について行った曲げ強度試験の結果
と筆記特性試験の結果を表1に示す。 【0018】(実施例2)フラーレンC60(純度95
%)を0.5重量部とした他は全て、実施例1と同じく
して直径0.57mmの鉛筆芯を得た。得られた鉛筆芯に
ついて行った曲げ強度試験の結果と筆記特性試験の結果
を表1に示す。 【0019】(実施例3)フラーレンC60(純度95
%)0.1重量部をフラーレンスート(フラーレン含有
率10%)1重量部とした他は全て、実施例1と同じく
して直径0.57mmの鉛筆芯を得た。得られた鉛筆芯に
ついて行った曲げ強度試験の結果と筆記特性試験の結果
を表1に示す。 【0020】(実施例4) 平均粒子径8.0μmの天然鱗片状黒鉛 30重量部 カオリナイト系粘土 70重量部 フラーレンC60(純度95%) 0.1重量部 カルボキシルメチルセルロース 2重量部 上記配合組成物に水を加え、カルボキシルメチルセルロ
ースを溶解、粘土を膨潤させた後、水分約20%に脱水
し、線状に真空押出成形し、空気中で加熱乾燥を行っ
た。得られた乾燥芯を非酸化性雰囲気中で約1,100
℃まで加熱して得た焼成体に食用ラードを含浸して直径
2.05mmの鉛筆芯を得た。得られた鉛筆芯について行
った曲げ強度試験の結果と筆記特性試験の結果を表1に
示す。 【0021】(比較例1)フラーレン類を用いない他
は、実施例1・2・3と同じくして直径0.57mmの
鉛筆芯を得た。得られた鉛筆芯について行った曲げ強度
試験の結果と筆記特性試験の結果を表1に示す。 【0022】(比較例2)フラーレン類を用いない他
は、実施例4と同じくして直径2.05mmの鉛筆芯を
得た。得られた鉛筆芯について行った曲げ強度試験の結
果と筆記特性試験の結果を表1に示す。 【0023】 【表1】 【0024】表1に示した曲げ強度はJIS S 60
05の曲げ強さ試験に準じて行った試験の結果である。
濃度はJIS S 6005の濃度試験の画線用紙を通
常筆記に使用される上質紙に変更して行った試験の結果
である。動摩擦係数は濃度試験に使用されるレコード式
画線機にトルクゲージを取付け、約6mの筆記中に摩擦
力を測定し、得られた摩擦力の平均値(初筆時を除く)
を荷重で除して求めた。動摩擦係数の振幅は約6m筆記
中の摩擦力の最大と最小の差を荷重で除して求めた。静
摩擦係数は動摩擦係数の初筆時の最大値とした。 【0025】実施例1および実施例2は比較例1に比べ
て、実施例4は比較例2に比べて、曲げ強度と濃度は全
く同一であるにもかかわらず、動摩擦係数およびその振
幅、静摩擦係数が明らかに低減されている。実施例3は
比較例1に比べて動摩擦係数の振幅は同一ではあるが、
動摩擦係数、静摩擦係数とも若干低減している。また、
曲げ強度が向上している。これは、フラーレンスートの
フラーレン以外の部分、すなわち残部のすすがカーボン
ブラックを添加したのと同様の効果を発現し、曲げ強
度、動摩擦係数とその振幅、静摩擦係数を上昇させるも
ののフラーレンの摩擦係数低減の効果で相殺された結果
と考えられる。 【0026】動摩擦係数およびその振幅や静摩擦係数は
低ければ低いほどよいというものでは無く、ある適正な
数値に近いほど滑らかな筆感を与えるものと考えられる
(低すぎれば、滑ると感じるし、極端に低ければ摩耗せ
ず、その結果筆記できない芯となる。)。この適正な数
値がどの程度の値かは定かではないが、実施例2のそれ
らよりも低い数値であろうと考えられる。また、含浸す
る油脂類の量や種類との相互関係によって、数値化でき
ない感覚であるしっとり感などを発現しているものと考
えられる。 【0027】 【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来の芯とほぼ同等の
曲げ強度を有するにもかかわらず、滑らかな筆感を与え
る鉛筆芯を得ることができる。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pencil lead and a lead for a mechanical pencil, and more particularly to a fired pencil lead giving a smooth brush feel. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pencil lead is formed by mixing and kneading an inorganic filler such as graphite, boron nitride, talc, mica, carbon black and the like, clay, water as a surfactant and a plasticizer, and kneading. After that, a sintered body is obtained by heat treatment at a high temperature to obtain a sintered body and impregnated with oils and fats, and the above-mentioned inorganic substance and pitches such as synthetic resin, natural resin or asphalt. And a plasticizer and a lubricant are mixed and kneaded, molded, and then heat-treated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 800 to 1,400 ° C. to carbonize the resin, to obtain a fired body using carbon as a binder, And carbon types impregnated with carbon. Basically, clay type pencil core is wood axis pencil, because of its practical strength and cost.
Carbon type pencil lead can be used properly for mechanical pencils. Conventionally, graphite or boron nitride, which mainly acts as a crystalline lubricant, has been used as a precipitating agent in a pencil lead, and the writing quality and bending strength can be improved by the process design such as its composition and orientation. I came. When talc or mica is used as a constitutional agent, crystal water is released during high-temperature heat treatment and loses lubricity, resulting in a poorly writable core. Therefore, substantially graphite or boron nitride (mainly graphite)
Is used. Graphite and boron nitride are substances used as solid lubricants, but when used as a core, they do not exhibit the lubricity of a simple substance due to the action of a clay sintered body or carbon acting as a binder. It is thought that this is the reason, and further improvement in the smoothness of the brush feeling is expected. [0005] Speaking of carbon atom crystals, graphite and diamond can be considered. Graphite is a layer of hexagonal carbon arranged in a honeycomb pattern. Diamond is a crystal with a structure that is tightly packed with carbon atoms. [0006] More recently, twelve pentagons connect the three carbon atoms and hand the carbon atom adjacent to each other, a cavity molecules of spherical that the C 60 of the soccer ball type hexagon consists of 32 tetrahedra consisting of 20 pieces found As a result, it has been found that those having 70, 76, 78, 82, 84, 90 and 96 carbon atoms stably exist. This spherical shell-like molecule composed of only carbon atoms is called fullerene. Spherical shell carbon molecules having more than 100 carbon atoms are collectively called giant fullerenes. [0007] In the present invention, fullerenes are a general term for the fullerenes, giant fullerenes, media containing them (fullerene soot), fullerenes containing metal atoms and the like, and surface-treated fullerenes. [0008] The method of using fullerene includes the method of using fullerene as a colorant for ink described in US Pat. No. 5,114,477 and the toner (US Pat. No. 5,188,918) and US Pat. No. 5,232,810. Developer), use as a magnetic material in JP-A-5-182818, use as a lubricant in JP-A-5-179269, superconductivity containing metal atoms in fullerene There is research as a material. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-179269 discloses a molecular bearing which exhibits excellent lubricity by increasing the composition ratio of fluorine atoms on the surface by fluorinating the surface of fullerene and reducing the surface energy. providing. However, this lubricant is a lubricant for devices having movable parts, suitable for machinery, lubrication between a magnetic head and a magnetic disk in a magnetic storage device, and a lubricant for micro mechanical devices such as a micromotor. It is not a lubricant that improves the writing quality of a pencil lead as in the present invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a fired pencil lead excellent in writing taste and bending strength, especially a fired pencil lead excellent in smoothness. Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, in the case of a fired pencil lead, a clay sintered body or carbonized carbon as a binder has been used. Because graphite and boron nitride do not exhibit the lubricity of a simple substance due to the action of, the addition of fullerenes does not reduce the bending strength, and obtains a pencil core with excellent smoothness, and completed the present invention did. That is, the present invention is a fired pencil lead obtained by adding fullerenes to a high-temperature heat-treated pencil lead using an inorganic preservative. [0013] As is known in such form study fullerene thin film by vacuum deposition, the fullerene C 60 was sublimated at a temperature of the heating to the 350 to 400 ° C. in a vacuum, it is possible to make thin yellow. Highly oriented thermosynthetic graphite (HOP
G) One molecule layer of C 60 deposited on STM
When viewed (scanning tunneling microscope), on the crystal surface of the graphite, and sequence molecule C 60 in a one-dimensional chain, this sequence was found in many places in the film, the sequence of carbon atoms of graphite base It seems to have a certain relationship with. On the other hand, in the production of a pencil lead, a high temperature of about 1,000 ° C. is required for sintering of the clay and carbonization of the resin, so that fullerene may be volatilized. However, high-temperature heat treatment in the manufacture of pencil leads is not usually performed in vacuum, but is performed at normal pressure. When carbonizing resin, there is a volume shrinkage of about 50%, depending on the type of resin. It is considered that fullerenes have been subjected to a heat treatment in a pressurized state. Therefore, it is considered that the fullerenes remain in the pencil core after the high-temperature heat treatment, so that a pencil core having excellent smoothness can be obtained. The smoothness of a pencil lead can be represented by the coefficient of dynamic friction between the lead and paper during writing, its amplitude, and the coefficient of static friction. That is, the dynamic friction coefficient corresponds to the weight of the writing taste during writing, the amplitude corresponds to a feeling such as roughness and catch, and the static friction coefficient can be regarded as corresponding to the catch at the time of writing. The reason why the presence of fullerenes in the pencil lead improves the smoothness is not clear, but remains even after firing, so that it remains between graphite / graphite or / and graphite / binder carbon or binder carbon. It is considered that the lubricating property was improved and the smoothness was improved by acting as a molecular bearing between the carbon / binder. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. (Example 1) Natural flaky graphite having an average particle diameter of 8.0 μm 50 parts by weight Vinyl chloride resin 50 parts by weight Fullerene C 60 (purity 95%) 0.1 part by weight Dioctyl phthalate 15 parts by weight Zinc stearate 1 part by weight Kneading the above-mentioned composition sufficiently, extrusion-molding into a thin line,
After heat drying and infusibilizing treatment in air, the fired body obtained by heating and firing to about 1,000 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere was impregnated with spindle oil to obtain a pencil lead having a diameter of 0.57 mm. Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. Example 2 Fullerene C 60 (purity 95)
%) Was changed to 0.5 part by weight, and a pencil lead having a diameter of 0.57 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. Example 3 Fullerene C 60 (purity 95)
%) A pencil lead having a diameter of 0.57 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.1 part by weight was changed to 1 part by weight of fullerene soot (fullerene content: 10%). Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. Example 4 Natural flaky graphite having an average particle size of 8.0 μm 30 parts by weight Kaolinite clay 70 parts by weight Fullerene C 60 (purity 95%) 0.1 part by weight Carboxymethyl cellulose 2 parts by weight The above composition Water was added to the product to dissolve the carboxymethyl cellulose and swell the clay, then dehydrated to a water content of about 20%, vacuum extruded linearly, and dried by heating in air. The obtained dry wick is placed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere for about 1,100
The baked product obtained by heating to ℃ was impregnated with edible lard to obtain a 2.05 mm diameter pencil lead. Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. Comparative Example 1 A pencil lead having a diameter of 0.57 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1, 2, and 3 except that no fullerenes were used. Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. Comparative Example 2 A pencil lead having a diameter of 2.05 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that fullerenes were not used. Table 1 shows the result of the bending strength test and the result of the writing characteristic test performed on the obtained pencil lead. [Table 1] The bending strength shown in Table 1 is JIS S60
It is the result of the test performed according to the bending strength test of No. 05.
The density is the result of a test conducted by changing the image paper of the density test of JIS S 6005 to high-quality paper used for ordinary writing. The coefficient of kinetic friction was measured by attaching a torque gauge to the record streaker used for the density test and measuring the frictional force while writing about 6 m, and the average value of the obtained frictional force (excluding the first stroke)
Was divided by the load. The amplitude of the dynamic friction coefficient was determined by dividing the difference between the maximum and the minimum of the frictional force during writing about 6 m by the load. The static friction coefficient was the maximum value of the dynamic friction coefficient at the time of the first writing. Although the flexural strength and the concentration of Example 1 and Example 2 were completely the same as those of Comparative Example 1, and that of Example 4 was completely the same as that of Comparative Example 2, the kinetic friction coefficient and its amplitude, the static friction The coefficient is clearly reduced. Example 3 has the same dynamic friction coefficient amplitude as Comparative Example 1 but
Both the coefficient of dynamic friction and the coefficient of static friction are slightly reduced. Also,
Bending strength is improved. This results in the same effect as adding carbon black to the portion of the fullerene soot other than fullerene, that is, the remaining soot, and increases the bending strength, the dynamic friction coefficient and its amplitude, and the static friction coefficient, but reduces the friction coefficient of the fullerene It is considered that the result was offset by the effect of. It is not considered that the lower the dynamic friction coefficient and its amplitude or the coefficient of static friction, the better. The closer to a proper numerical value, the smoother the brush feel is. If it is too low, it will not wear, resulting in a core that cannot be written.) Although it is not clear to what extent this proper numerical value is, it is thought that it will be a numerical value lower than those of Example 2. In addition, it is considered that the relationship between the amount and the type of the fats and oils to be impregnated expresses a moist feeling which cannot be quantified. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a pencil lead which has a bending strength substantially equal to that of a conventional lead but gives a smooth brush feel.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭53−17424(JP,A) 特開 平2−284972(JP,A) 特開 昭59−140274(JP,A) 特開 平6−192613(JP,A) 特開 昭51−94325(JP,A) 特開 昭57−83570(JP,A) 特開 平5−208805(JP,A) 特開 平6−44556(JP,A) 特開 平7−2507(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C09D 13/00 B43K 19/02 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-53-17424 (JP, A) JP-A-2-284972 (JP, A) JP-A-59-140274 (JP, A) 192613 (JP, A) JP-A-51-94325 (JP, A) JP-A-57-83570 (JP, A) JP-A-5-208805 (JP, A) JP-A-6-44556 (JP, A) JP-A-7-2507 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C09D 13/00 B43K 19/02

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 無機体質剤を用いる高温熱処理型鉛筆芯
において、フラーレン類を添加してなる焼成鉛筆芯。
(57) [Claim 1] A fired pencil lead obtained by adding fullerenes to a high-temperature heat-treated pencil lead using an inorganic filler.
JP17133294A 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 Fired pencil lead Expired - Fee Related JP3373302B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP17133294A JP3373302B2 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 Fired pencil lead

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17133294A JP3373302B2 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 Fired pencil lead

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JPH0834951A JPH0834951A (en) 1996-02-06
JP3373302B2 true JP3373302B2 (en) 2003-02-04

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1787956B1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2014-10-29 MEC International Co., Ltd. Method of moulding
JP4627566B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2011-02-09 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Pencil lead and method for manufacturing the same
JP4627565B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2011-02-09 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Pencil lead and method for manufacturing the same
JP4627568B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2011-02-09 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Pencil lead manufacturing method
JP4627567B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2011-02-09 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Pencil lead manufacturing method
JP6207709B2 (en) * 2016-10-21 2017-10-04 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Pencil lead

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