JP3376544B2 - Bonding structure of electrodes in heated body, and heated body having the bonded structure of electrodes - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention, for example, in order to maintain a good environment in a room (storage) on a glass surface of a glass door disposed on the front of a commercial refrigerator in addition to a window of a house or an office, In addition to cold dew flow (cold draft) that occurs on the window surface and dew condensation that occurs due to temperature difference, air conditioning at the window to suppress decrease in room temperature and non-uniformity (mixing loss phenomenon) due to heat flow through the window When installing a heater consisting of a coating layer of a metal thin film on the glass surface of the above glass window etc. in order to eliminate the need for installing a machine, the heater attached to the glass surface of this glass window etc. The present invention relates to a bonding structure of a metal thin film coating layer serving as a heater and an object to be heated having such a bonding structure in an electrode required to supply electricity to the electrode. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a window of a house or an office, a glass door or the like which is placed in front of a commercial refrigerator installed in a supermarket, a convenience store, or the like, is particularly used indoors or outdoors during the winter season. Condensation is likely to occur on the surface of the glass surface of the window or glass door due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the refrigerator, and at the window side there is a cold downdraft (cold draft) and mixing loss phenomenon. Condensation that occurs on the glass surface can significantly hinder the visibility from the outside of the room or inside the refrigerator, and can cause mold, etc. It will cause environmental deterioration. Therefore, in order to prevent cold draft and mixing loss phenomenon in addition to the dew condensation that occurs on the surface of the glass surface of the glass window or door arranged on the front of such a window or commercial refrigerator. In order to remove the condensation that occurs on the glass surface of this glass door and to suppress the mixing loss phenomenon in addition to cold draft, the coating of a metal thin film that can generate heat by energizing the glass surface of the glass window or door There is one in which a heater composed of layers is integrally attached.

[0003]

However, in order to suppress the cold draft and the mixing loss phenomenon in addition to removing the dew condensation generated on the glass surface of the glass window or door due to the above heat generation, the glass window can be suppressed. In the case of a glass window or door that is integrally attached with a heater made of a metal thin film coating layer that can generate heat when electricity is applied to the glass surface of the door or door, be attached integrally to the glass surface of this glass window or door. In order to energize the heater consisting of the coating layer of the metal thin film that becomes, it is necessary to join the electrodes that will conduct electricity to the power source.Therefore, attach it integrally to the glass surface of these glass windows and doors. When joining the electrode to the coating layer made of a metal thin film, which is integrally attached to the surface of the glass and is energized,
At both ends of the heater composed of a coating layer of a metal thin film that can generate heat, a flat metal electrode is integrally fixed by a conductive fixing material of silver paste,
Although the electrodes are joined by firing, when joining the electrodes by firing, a flat electrode to be joined integrally and a heater that is integrally disposed on the surface of the glass and can be heated by energization Since the linear expansion coefficient of the metal thin film is significantly different from that of the coating layer, a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the two during firing, and the planar electrode is largely deformed to firmly hold the planar electrode or it. A significant stress is applied to the joint between the conductive fixing material of the silver paste and the coating layer, and cracks or voids occur between them, resulting in non-uniform bonding between the electrodes and the glass window or It becomes impossible to reliably energize the coating layer of the metal thin film that is integrally attached to the glass surface of the door, and in some cases electrode breakage or heater There is a possibility that local abnormal heat generation of the defect is generated.

Further, even if the flat electrode is securely joined to the coating layer, in order to remove the dew condensation and suppress the cold draft or mixing loss phenomenon,
While the heater was energized for a long period of time, as described above, the planar electrode and the coating layer of the metal thin film have different linear expansion coefficients. , A large amount of stress is applied to the joint between the electrode or a conductive fixing material such as a silver paste that holds the electrode and the coating layer, so that a planar electrode or a conductive fixing material such as a silver paste that holds the electrode and the coating layer The cracks or voids at the joint with the coating layer may cause damage to the coating due to peeling of the planar electrode from the coating layer, etc. There is a risk that power cannot be supplied reliably.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional ones, and an electrode for energizing a coating layer of a metal thin film integrally formed on a heated object such as glass to serve as a heater. In order to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the joints, voids or peeling of the electrodes themselves due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient that occurs during firing or heating in the manufacturing process or due to heat generation due to long-term energization, It is intended to secure stable and reliable energization to the coating layer of the metal thin film, which serves as a joint, and further as a heater.

[0006]

For this reason, not only glass, which is a body to be heated, but also metal oxide, which is integrally formed on the surface of a ceramic, plastic, or metal substrate, is capable of freely generating heat when energized. At both ends of the coating layer of the metal thin film that is the object, for example, copper, or one made of a noble metal having excellent corrosion resistance, the metal electrode that is electrically connected to the power source is wavy and then wavy. While the upper end side of the wavy electrode of the electrode is made to protrude upward, it is integrally fixed with a conductive fixing material such as silver paste, and is baked or heated so that the wavy electrode is interposed through the conductive fixing material. Therefore, the corrugated electrode and the metal thin film may be intermittently bonded to the coating layer during firing or heating in the manufacturing process or due to heat generation due to long-term energization. Even if a large deformation of the wavy electrode due to thermal expansion occurs due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficient of the coating layer, the portion of the wavy electrode protruding above the conductive fixing material expands and contracts, Since it absorbs the stress to be applied to the joint between the electrode or the conductive fixing material that holds the electrode and the coating layer due to the deformation of the electrode, the wavy electrode or the conductive fixing material that holds the wavy electrode and the metal It is possible to prevent cracks, voids, peeling of electrodes, etc. at the joint between the thin film and the coating layer.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the practice of the present invention, an electrode is made of, for example, copper or a noble metal excellent in corrosion resistance, and for example, a pulse shape, a sine wave shape, or a wavy shape can be expanded and contracted. Or, it is made into a sawtooth shape, and further, such a wavy electrode is intermittently connected to the coating layer to be the heater while the upper end side of the wavy shape is projected above the conductive fixing material by a conductive fixing material such as silver paste or solder. By joining them together, the stress due to the large deformation due to the thermal expansion of the electrode caused by the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the electrode and the coating layer that occurs during firing projects above the conductive fixing material of the wavy electrode. The expanded part absorbs when it expands and contracts, so it is possible to prevent cracks, voids, or peeling of the electrode at the joint between the electrode or the conductive fixing material that holds it and the coating layer of the metal thin film. It can be.

Further, in the object to be heated to which the corrugated electrodes are joined, not only glass but also ceramic, plastic or metal substrate may be used depending on the temperature and the intended use.

[0009]

The present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. (1) is an embodiment of the present invention, for example, a glass substrate with a built-in heater that forms a glass door arranged on the front of a commercial refrigerator in addition to a window of a house or an office. This glass substrate with a built-in heater (1) Is, for example, a glass substrate (2) made of glass such as heat-reflecting glass, low-emission glass, tempered glass, double tempered glass, laminated glass, and heat-warm absorption glass, and a surface of the glass substrate (2) is energized as a heater. Can be heated by, for example, tin, gold,
A coating layer (3) of a metal thin film, which is a metal oxide such as silver, indium, zinc, or titanium, is integrally formed, and a coating layer (3) that can be freely heated by energization as a heater The electrodes (4) are joined together to supply electricity via a conductive fixing member (5) such as silver paste or solder.

In the heater-embedded glass substrate (1) according to the embodiment of the present invention, the electrode (4) for supplying electricity to the coating layer (3) which can be heated by energization is connected to the cord (6) from the power source. ) Made of copper or a noble metal having corrosion resistance, and formed into a corrugated electrode (4) so as to be expandable and contractable, for example, in a pulse shape, a sine wave shape, or a sawtooth shape, and then the corrugated electrode ( The upper end side of 4) is integrally fixed as a protruding portion (4 ') protruding upward from the conductive fixing member (5) such as silver paste or solder, and the corrugated electrode is baked or heated. (4) and the coating layer (3) integrally formed on the surface of the glass substrate (2) are joined intermittently.

In the glass substrate (2), which is the heater and integrally forms the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film on the surface thereof, as described above, not only the glass, but also the use and place of use, etc. Ceramics, plastics, and metals can be used according to the requirements.

In a glass substrate with a built-in heater (1) which is a glass door with a built-in heater, which is arranged on the front of a commercial refrigerator, for example, a window of a house or an office, which is an embodiment of the present invention. Integrally formed on the surface of the glass substrate (2) constituting (1),
Since the bonding structure of the corrugated electrode (4) for energizing the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film which is the heater has the above-mentioned constitution, first, in the manufacturing process of this glass substrate (1) with a built-in heater, A corrugated electrode (4) made of copper or a noble metal having corrosion resistance is formed on the surface of the substrate (2) integrally with the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film, which is a heater, by using, for example, a conductive material such as silver paste or solder. Coating layer (3) of a metal thin film as a heater integrally formed on the surface of the glass substrate (2) when heated by the fixing by the property fixing member (5) and by joining by firing. Due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficient of the wavy electrode (4) that supplies electricity to the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film as Even when Jo electrode (4) is intended to be largely deformed to expand in the undulating electrode (4), first wave electrode (4) itself, for example pulsed,
It has a sine wave shape, a wavy shape such as a sawtooth shape, and has elasticity, and it is fixed by a conductive fixing member (5) such as silver paste or solder and baked, and the coating layer. Upon joining to (3), the wavy electrode (4 ') is intermittently joined while projecting the protruding portion (4') upward of the conductive fixing member (5), so that the wavy electrode ( 4) The corrugated electrode (4) is ensured because the stretchability of itself is ensured.
The stress due to the deformation due to the thermal expansion that occurs at the time of firing and joining the metal thin film to the coating layer (3) is sufficiently absorbed by the elasticity of the wavy electrode (4) itself, and the wavy electrode (4) Alternatively, a conductive fixing member (5) that holds it and a metal thin film coating layer (3)
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks and voids in the joint portion with.

Further, during the manufacturing process, the corrugated electrode (4) is normally bonded to the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film integrally formed on the surface of the glass substrate (2). In addition, in order to maintain a good environment in the room (chamber), dew condensation is removed, and in order to suppress cold draft and mixing loss phenomenon, heat is generated by energizing for a long period of time, so that the glass substrate (2) is heated. The metal thin film coating layer (3) integrally formed on the surface and the protruding portion (4 ') of the wavy electrode (4) are formed on the metal thin film coating layer (3) by the conductive fixing member (5). Due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film and the wavy electrode (4), which are to be joined to each other, between the wavy electrode (4) which is projected upward and is joined intermittently. Due to the wavy electric Large deformations can occur such that they expand at the poles (4). However, in this case as well, the protruding portion (4 ′) of the wavy electrode (4), which has been stretched by protruding above the conductive fixing member (5), causes thermal expansion of the wavy electrode (4). Accordingly, the wavy electrode (4) is appropriately expanded and contracted to absorb the stress load caused by the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of the wavy electrode (4). Therefore, the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film and the wavy electrode (4) or Cracks, voids, or the like at the joint with the conductive fixing member (5) that holds it,
It is also capable of preventing the corrugated electrode (4) from peeling off.

In this embodiment, the glass door of the refrigerator for business use is assumed in addition to the window of the house or office.
Although the glass substrate (2) is used as the heater to be heated by the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film which is capable of generating heat when energized as a heater, the object to be heated is not limited to the glass material, and ceramics or It may be plastic or metal, and its shape is not limited to a plate such as a substrate, and may be a lump.

When the window made of the glass substrate (1) with a built-in heater is used in a house or office, the window is integrally formed on the surface of the glass substrate (2) even if it is used for a long period of time. The current applied to the coating layer (3) of the metal thin film, which is a heater, through the wavy electrode (4) absorbs the stress generated by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion due to the expansion and contraction of the wavy electrode (4), and the wavy electrode Since the peeling of (4) is prevented and secured securely, it is possible to obtain long-term durability, and due to this stable durability, it is possible to secure high humidity in houses and offices. In addition to preventing cold condensation, cold drafts that tend to occur near the window of the glass, as well as mixing loss due to heat flow through the window glass, are also required by the air conditioner. And also prevents the loss is capable to permit maintenance and implementation of good indoor environment.

[0016]

As described above, a heater is integrally formed between materials having different linear expansion coefficients, for example, on the surface of a glass substrate, and a coating layer of a metal thin film capable of generating heat by energization, and a coating layer of this metal thin film. In the connection with the electrode that supplies electricity to the coating layer, the electrode has a wavy shape such as a pulse shape, a sine wave shape, or a sawtooth shape, and has elasticity. In the above, by intermittently joining the upper end side of the wavy electrode above the conductive fixing member by the conductive fixing member, firing or heating during the manufacturing process, or heat generation due to long-term use , Even if a large deformation such as expansion of the wavy electrode occurs due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the coating layer and the wavy electrode formed on the substrates to be bonded to each other, The expansion and contraction of the protruding portion of the corrugated electrode projecting above the conductive fixing member in the corrugated electrode absorbs the stress caused by the large deformation of the corrugated electrode due to the thermal expansion. It has an excellent effect of preventing cracks, voids, peeling of the wavy electrode, etc. at the joint between the coating layer and the wavy electrode or the conductive fixing member that holds the wavy electrode.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a glass substrate with a built-in heater that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a bonded portion of the corrugated electrode of the glass substrate with a built-in heater that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a modified example of the bonding portion of the corrugated electrodes of the glass substrate with a built-in heater which is an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Glass substrate with built-in heater 2 glass substrates 3 Coating layer (of thin metal film) 4 wavy electrodes 4'projections (of corrugated electrodes) 5 Conductive fixing member 6 codes

Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H05B 3/03 H05B 3/84 H05B 3/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. At both ends of a coating layer of a metal thin film, which is integrally formed on the surface of a heated object and is capable of generating heat when energized, a metal electrode which is electrically connected to a power source is corrugated. Then, the wavy electrode of the wavy electrode is integrally fixed with the conductive fixing material while protruding upward, and the wavy electrode is baked or heated through the conductive fixing material. Structure of the electrodes on the heated object that is intermittently bonded to the coating layer. 2. A metal electrode, which is electrically connected to a power source, is corrugated at both ends of a coating layer of a metal thin film which is integrally formed on the surface of a body to be heated and is capable of generating heat when energized. Then, the wavy electrode of the wavy electrode is integrally fixed with the conductive fixing material while protruding upward, and the wavy electrode is baked or heated through the conductive fixing material. To be heated having an electrode bonding structure in a heated body which is intermittently bonded to a coating layer. 3. The object to be heated according to claim 2, wherein the object to be heated is not only glass but also a substrate of ceramic, plastic or metal.