JP3398018B2 - Greening curing sheet structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening / curing sheet structure for early stable greening on a slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vegetation concrete vegetation method using porous concrete has been proposed as a construction method for achieving early stable greening of slopes such as slopes. In this method, a porous green concrete base layer is formed on the slope by connecting and solidifying granular aggregate with cement paste or mortar so as to form a continuous void inside, and a water retention material is provided in the void. It was filled, a wire net was stretched over the concrete layer, and the vegetation base material was sprayed on it.

The above-mentioned concrete for greening foundation has a strength to withstand root growth due to plant cultivation as well as construction and installation on steep slopes and building wall surfaces, and is firmly established on the slope. And, the space required for healthy growth of plants is provided by the continuous voids formed between the aggregates. In addition, the water necessary for the healthy growth of plants is
It is secured by the water retention material filled in the above-mentioned voids.

As the water-retaining material, short fibers, foamed particles, soil particles, and animal hide powder as organic powder are preferable. For example, natural fibers such as peat moss, pulp, cotton, wool, and feathers, artificial fibers such as nylon, polyester, etc. Fiber, urethane,
Examples thereof include organic polymer foams such as styrene, and the like, and one or a mixture of two or more thereof may be used. Also,
Such a water retaining material may be filled in the voids in the form of slurry.

[0005]

However, unlike the conventional spraying method, in the above-mentioned green concrete vegetation construction method, since the vegetation foundation is not in close contact with the ground, the moisture condition of the foundation is affected by ambient conditions. Therefore, the degree of dryness tends to be high, and in particular, the stabilization conditions at the time of vegetation introduction are easily influenced by the construction time, weather conditions, location conditions, etc.

[0006] Therefore, there is a concern that the germination in the early stage of growth may be poor, the stabilization in the early stage of germination may be alienated, the vegetation substrate may be dried, and erosion may occur. And the measures were required.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances.
For the purpose of stabilizing the vegetation when using concrete for greening foundation, in particular, stabilization of germination and early germination by light shielding and water retention effects, and the effect of suppressing the drying of vegetation base materials,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a greening / curing sheet structure having an erosion suppressing effect.

[0008]

The present invention has means for solving the above-mentioned problems as follows. That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the water-retaining material is mainly filled in the voids of the hardened material in which the aggregates are surface-bonded to form continuous voids between the aggregates to form the greening porous concrete. , On its surface, with plant seeds, roots, etc.,
A vegetation substrate formed by spraying a vegetation base material mixed with organic materials, fertilizers, soil improvement materials, etc. is covered with a sheet-like or net-like curing sheet with a wrap on the bottom surface. I am trying.

In the invention described in claim 2, the fiber material forming the curing sheet in the invention described in claim 1 is a material that is completely corroded, or a part of the fiber material is corroded to expand the mesh. It is characterized by being configured into.

In the invention of claim 3, seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation bases are carried on the curing sheet in the invention of claim 1 or 2, or seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation are supported. It is characterized by mounting a vegetation bag containing one or more base materials.

By covering the vegetation base with a curing sheet, the vegetation base is stably fixed on the greening porous concrete, and a good light-shielding effect, water-retaining effect, and seed scattering prevention effect are obtained. Since the drying of the
The roots of the plant easily invade into the voids, good germination is obtained, and stable and healthy initial growth is realized. Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of erosion. Moreover, the bottom surface
Since it is attached, the adhesiveness and water retention are good and the erosion is good.
It is effective for prevention.

[0012] As a material for the curing sheet, but is preferable naturally gently those that natural fibers or biodegradable, may be a synthetic fiber or the like, not decomposition of the polyethylene-based, etc., may also be a Yashishito, etc., as appropriate to the selected To be done. Also,
請 Motomeko 3 Curing sheet constructs shading, in addition to the purpose of obtaining a dry inhibiting effect, the spray vegetation substrate, sticking seeds each other, fluff with seeds is difficult uniform dispersion for the bulk ( It is particularly effective as a carrier for large-sized seeds such as agaraceae, Japanese pampas grass, etc.) and acorns.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the greening / curing sheet structure of the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a greening and curing sheet structure according to the present invention constructed around a highway. As shown, a road surface 15 of the highway is formed by digging a normal ground 16 to form a ground 16 The road surface 15 and the road surface 15 are continuous by a slope 17. This slope 17
By laying the greening and curing sheet structure 10 on the surface of, the vegetation and greening of the expressway can be achieved.

In this greening curing sheet structure 10, a concrete for consolidation is cast on the slope to form a slope forming body 1 (see FIG. 2), and a porous green concrete 2 is cast on it. Then, the vegetation base 4 formed by spraying the vegetation base material 3 on the surface is covered with a sheet-like or net-like curing sheet 5, and the vegetation base 4 is provided on a slope (slope) 17. The curing sheet 5 is continuously and integrally formed, but the curing sheet 5 coated thereon is stretched so that the rolled sheet is expanded from the mountain side, and the anchors and the pegs 6 are provided at appropriate intervals. Place and fix. Alternatively, the greening porous concrete 2 may be directly placed on the slope without using the slope forming body 1.

The above-mentioned greening porous concrete 2 is
For example, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it is fused and solidified under a manufacturing condition such that continuous voids 8 are formed between aggregates 7 to form a rectangular block shape. Although the voids 8 are filled in, the strength, which is the original function of the block, is not significantly reduced, and the function as a greening base can be provided.

The material of the aggregate 7 is not particularly limited as long as it is strong and does not cause rapid deterioration after planting. For example, natural crushed stones such as ordinary crushed stone, ashes rock, volcanic rock, blast furnace slag , Industrial wastes of refractories, slow-release fertilizers such as soluble phosphorus fertilizers, other artificial aggregates and mixtures thereof.

The particle size is preferably in the range of 5 mm to 40 mm. When the average particle size of the aggregate 7 is 5 mm or less, the size of the continuous voids obtained is small, and it becomes difficult for roots to grow.
If the average particle size of the aggregate 7 exceeds 40 mm, the strength of the cured product decreases.

On the other hand, when a binder for solidifying the aggregate 7 is used, it is preferable to use a mixed cement 11 (see FIG. 5) made of a low alkali cement. The low-alkali type cement referred to here is a mixture consisting of a cement such as blast furnace B and C type cement or magnesium phosphate cement and an inorganic fine powder having a function of fixing or neutralizing the alkaline component of the cement. It is cement.

Examples of such inorganic fine powders include fine powders of blast furnace slag, fly ash, irwin, silica and the like, which may be a mixture. That is, these fine powders can immobilize or react with an alkaline component such as calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide generated by hydration of cement to neutralize it and suppress free alkali. So-called alkaline phytotoxicity can be synergistically removed to form concrete foundations with favorable conditions for plant growth.

As the water retaining material 9 to be filled in the voids (continuous voids) 8 formed between the aggregates 7, ..., Short fibers having a size capable of filling the voids, foamed particles, soil There is no particular limitation as long as it is animal hide powder or the like as particles or organic powder. For example, as short fibers, peat moss, pulp,
Natural fibers such as cotton, wool, feathers, uslanite, sepiolite, nylon, polyester, polyacrylic, polyvinyl, slag wool, glass wool and other artificial fibers, urethane, styrene, polyethylene, polypropylene and other organic polymer foams , Inorganic foam such as calcined shale,
Kanuma soil, other general soil particles, etc. may be mentioned, and these may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.

The use of the fertilizer is not particularly limited, but for example, the fertilizer is applied by mixing powdery or fine-grain slow-release fertilizer at the time of filling the water retaining material. There is no particular limitation as long as there is an efficient method for filling the voids of the cured body with this water retention material, but it is preferable to inject it in the form of a slurry, for example.

That is, a slurry having a high packing efficiency can be obtained by molding, crushing or cutting the above-mentioned short fibers, foamed particles or soil particles to a size of 5 mm or less. Use one or a mixture of two or more viscosity modifiers such as polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, alkali polymetaphosphate, silica sol, bentonite, etc. to increase the viscosity when adjusting this slurry. Is desirable.

Among the above water-retaining materials, peat moss, in particular, has a high water-retaining property and contains corrosive organic substances such as humic acid, so that the pH of the stored water exhibits a weak acidity of about 4. From this, by putting this inside the cured body,
It is possible to neutralize the alkaline component eluted from the mixed cement and effectively impart water retention.

The vegetation base material 3 sprayed on the surface of the greening polar concrete 2 filled with the water retention material 9 is mainly composed of plant seeds, fertilizer, vegetation base material, water retention material, paste material and the like. as it is preferably used strong type drying, for example, Kentucky 31 fescue, Bamyuda glass, red top, Medohagi, Yamahagi, preferably appropriately selecting and blending the seeds, such as Dianthus chinensis. Moreover, as the fertilizer, a mixture of each of the fast-acting, slow-acting, and ultra-slow-acting fertilizers at an appropriate ratio may be used.

As a device for spraying such vegetation base material 3, a dry spraying method using a blower type spraying device is preferable, but a wet spraying method using a mortar gun machine or the like can also be adopted. In the dry spray method, the vegetation base material 3
Is supplied to the spray nozzle 32 by a blower 36, while water is introduced into the spray nozzle 32, and the vegetation base material 3 and the water are sprayed from the spray nozzle 32 (see FIG. 1). .

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 21 denotes a blower type spraying device mounted on a trolley 22, for example, a material stirring unit 25 having an agitator inside and a bottom opening / closing lid, and the material stirring unit 25. Is provided below the material stirring section 25.
The material stock portion 26 having a conveying member for agitating and conveying the material falling from the side and one end side of the conveying member, which is provided so as to communicate with the material stock portion 26, supplies the material by air. A material supply unit 27 having a rotary material supply device for discharging is integrally assembled to a frame.

A hose 31 is connected to the material supply unit 27, and a water hose 35 for supplying water discharged from a water tank 33 by a pump 34 is connected to a spray nozzle 32 attached to the tip of the hose 31. The water is mixed with the vegetation base material 3 discharged and supplied through the hose 31 by the blower 36, and sprayed onto the slope. Incidentally, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-99926 discloses a spraying method using such a blower type spraying device. In addition, 37 is a conveyer for conveying the vegetation material 38, 3
9 is a generator.

In such a dry spraying method, since a compressor, an agitator, etc. are not required, the entire apparatus becomes compact and a spraying nozzle is connected with a supply hose and a water supply hose. It has good handling workability, is easy to spray, and improves work efficiency. Further, although it is a dry method, water is mixed with the vegetation base material 3, so that it is possible to prevent scattering around.

The curing sheet 5 to be coated on the vegetation base material 3 is preferably natural fibers or biodegradable ones. For example, hemp yarns are woven or woven to form a net to which cotton-like fibers are attached, or a water-soluble sheet. A sheet in which cotton fibers are attached to paper fibers (trade name, pepard, etc.) can be used.

When it is necessary to maintain the strength for a long period of time, a synthetic fiber material such as polyethylene may be used, or a palm sheet or a palm net made of actual palm fibers may have a sufficient thickness. The heat retention and the moisture retention are also improved. Further, from the erosion suppressing surface, it is preferable that wraps (cotton-like fibers) r, ... Are attached to the lower surface of the curing sheet 5 made of the above materials (see FIG. 6).

In addition, dispersible non-woven fabric or crepe paper may be used, or a laminate of a coarse net 51 and a water-soluble film 52 as shown in FIG. 7 may be used. In this case, as the coarse net 51, for example, a net having a large mesh (for example, 2 to 20 mm) formed by plain weaving a flat yarn of plant fiber or chemical fiber (for example, polyester or polypropylene) that is difficult to be dissolved by moisture (so-called) Split cloth) is used. Further, the water-soluble film 52 may be a polymer-based or starch-based film that dissolves in water, and a non-woven fabric having excellent dispersibility in which fibers are bonded with a water-soluble binder (for example, a thickness of 1.5). Denier, 51 mm long fiber with a water-soluble binder such as polyvinyl alcohol with a low degree of polymerization
The material ratio may be 80% fiber, 20% binder, and the unit weight may be about 23 g / m ² ).

In the curing sheet 5 in which the coarse net 51 and the water-soluble film 52 are laminated as described above, the fibers of the water-soluble film 52 are dispersed as the water is absorbed, and the seeds germinate and germinate well. Meanwhile, coarse net 5
2 does not hinder the growth of plants, can stably hold the vegetation base 4, has an erosion-preventing effect, and enables early stable greening.

Further, as shown in FIG.
3 and ... and corrosive fibers 54 ,.
The fabric mesh after 4 corroded is 100 of the fabric mesh before corrosion.
A net that doubles or more may be formed. In the net-shaped curing sheet 5 having such a configuration, the corrosive fiber 54
The corrosiveness of the cloth expands the cloth mesh, improves the germination-growth of the growing seeds, and aims for vegetation, and at the same time, the corrosion-resistant fibers 53 left on the cloth cause the soil to flow into the mat, The effect of preventing the collapse and protecting the slope for a long time can be obtained.

As the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant fiber 53, polyester having excellent environment resistance and long-term durability,
Artificial fibers such as polyamide, polyethylene and glass are suitable, and particularly high tenacity long fiber yarn having a strength of 5 g / d or more is preferable. Further, as the corrosive fibers 54, natural fibers such as cotton and hemp that are inferior in environmental resistance and are easily corroded or brittle easily,
Alternatively, regenerated fibers of cellulose yarn such as rayon, acetate and cupra are suitable, and spun yarn is particularly preferable among these. This is because the material outflow prevention and the adhesion to soil when filling the vegetation material are extremely good.

As shown in FIG. 9, a mat 55 may be integrated with the net-shaped curing sheet 5 as described above. The mat 55 is made of, for example, water-soluble paper (crepe paper, etc.) or non-woven fabric, and is attached to the back surface of the net made of the corrosion-resistant fiber 53 and the corrosive fiber 54 by using a water-soluble adhesive. You just have to wear it together. With such a curing sheet 5, a desired thickness can be secured, and therefore, appropriate weather resistance can be secured according to the construction time, so that the construction time range is widened and early stable greening can be ensured more reliably. Can be one. In addition, the mat 5
A plant seed, a water retaining material, a fertilizer or the like may be adhered to the back surface of No. 5 by water-soluble adhesion. Although not shown, the above-mentioned various curing sheets 5 carry seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation base materials with an adhesive or the like, or contain one or more seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation base materials. A vegetation bag may be attached, and in this case, in addition to the effect of blocking light and drying, it is difficult to evenly disperse the seeds with the sprayed vegetation base material, such as fluffy seeds such as Chigaya, Japanese pampas grass, and acorns. It is particularly effective as a carrier for large seeds.

In addition, when importance is attached to aesthetics, as shown in FIG. 10, after the construction, part of the curing sheet 5 is cut and raised, and a little is dug down so that the seedlings 12 such as potted trees are planted in an orderly manner. You may

As described above, in spraying construction using various curing sheets 5, the curing sheet 5 stabilizes the vegetation base 4, and in particular, good germination can be secured in the early stage of vegetation, and the vegetation substrate It is possible to prevent the material 3 from drying,
At the same time, the rooting property of the porous concrete for greening in the voids becomes good, and early stable greening is achieved (see FIG. 11).

[0038]

As described above, according to the greening / curing sheet composition of the present invention, since the sheet-like or net-like curing sheet is coated on the vegetation base formed on the surface of the greening porous concrete, the vegetation The base is stabilized, escape is avoided, and erosion is suppressed. In particular, when the curing sheet is in the form of a sheet, it has a light-shielding effect, the water retention becomes remarkable, and the vegetation base material is prevented from drying,
Good germination can be secured, and stabilization in the early stage of germination can be achieved. Moreover, it has a wrap on the bottom
It has good adhesion and water retention and is effective in preventing erosion.
is there.

Further, when a part of the curing sheet is made of a material which is completely corroded, or when the curing sheet is configured to be corroded to increase the mesh size, it is possible to improve germination and growth of growing seeds. At the same time, the remaining portion without being corroded prevents the vegetation base material from flowing out and the vegetation base from collapsing, and can protect the slope for a long time.

Alternatively, the curing sheet is made to carry seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation base materials, or a vegetation bag containing at least one of seed fertilizers and other vegetation base materials is attached to prevent light shielding and drying. In addition, the sprayed vegetation base material is suitable as a carrier for fluffy seeds such as pearl millet, Japanese pampas grass and the like, and large seeds such as acorns, which are difficult to disperse.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a highway showing a construction state in an embodiment of a greening / curing sheet structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the same greening and curing sheet structure during construction.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the same greening porous concrete.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the same greening curing sheet structure.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a different embodiment of the same greening curing sheet structure.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a different example of the curing sheet.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing another example of the curing sheet.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing still another example of the curing sheet.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another example of the curing sheet.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of another construction of the greening curing sheet structure.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a growing state of the same greening curing sheet structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Porous concrete for greening, 3 ... Vegetation base material, 4 ...
Vegetation base, 5 ... Curing sheet, 7 ... Aggregate, 8 ... Void, 9
... water retention material, 10 ... greening curing sheet structure.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Mamoru Sakuma               1-5 Otsuka, 1 share, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture               Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Toshio Yonezawa               1-5 Otsuka, 1 share, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture               Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Kunio Yanagibashi               1-5 Otsuka, 1 share, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture               Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Toshiaki Yamada               8-21-1 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stocks               Takenaka engineering works company (72) Inventor Norihiko Adachi               8-21-1 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stocks               Takenaka engineering works company (72) Inventor Shinichiro Ando               8-21-1 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Stocks               Takenaka engineering works company (72) Inventor Mitsuo Taniguchi               1 Japanese planting at 590 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture               Raw Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Daisuke Toyohara               1 Japanese planting at 590 Takao, Tsuyama City, Okayama Prefecture               Raw Co., Ltd.                (56) Reference JP-A-6-228967 (JP, A)                 JP-A-1-263319 (JP, A)                 JP-A-6-257158 (JP, A)                 JP-A-7-34463 (JP, A)                 JP-A-2-35116 (JP, A)                 JP-A-9-144005 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A porous concrete for greening is formed by mainly filling a water retaining material in the voids of a hardened material in which aggregates are surface-bonded so as to form continuous voids between the aggregates, and plants are planted on the surface. Vegetation base formed by spraying a vegetation base material that mixes seeds, roots, etc. with organic materials, fertilizers, soil conditioners, etc., is covered with a sheet-like or net-like curing sheet with a wrap on the bottom surface. A greening curing sheet structure characterized by the above. 2. The fibrous material forming the curing sheet is a material that is completely corroded, or a part of the fibrous material is corroded to increase the mesh size. Greening sheet composition. 3. The curing sheet is made to carry seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation base materials, or is equipped with a vegetation bag containing one or more seeds, fertilizers and other vegetation base materials. Item 1. The greening curing sheet structure according to Item 1 or 2.