JP3405901B2 - Work machine display - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention includes a power unit in which the number of rotations is changed and adjusted by a manual rotation number adjusting unit, the number of rotations detecting unit for detecting the number of rotations of the power unit, and the power unit. The display device of the working machine is provided with a rotation speed display unit configured to move an instruction unit for instructing the detected rotation speed along a set path in accordance with a change in the rotation speed of the work machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a working machine such as a combine or a tractor, a manual adjusting means such as an accelerator lever is operated at the start of operation so that the engine speed, which is a power unit, reaches a set speed (usually, a rated speed). The work is performed after adjustment, and the load of the engine is represented by the amount of decrease in the engine speed from the set speed. In a conventional display device, the engine speed is displayed on an analog tachometer using a pointer, while the engine load is displayed on another display device such as a bar graph (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-
(See Japanese Patent Publication No. 48219), or a screen of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display is switched between a bar graph display of engine speed and an engine load display (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-62339). See the bulletin).

[0003]

In the former of the above-mentioned prior arts, it is necessary to provide a load indicator in addition to the engine speed, and in the latter, a liquid crystal type image display or the like is required. Since it is necessary to provide a device, there is a problem that the device configuration becomes complicated and expensive, and further,
In the latter case, there is the inconvenience that the engine load cannot be known in the display state of the engine speed. or,
While operating the accelerator lever to the position of the set speed,
For example, even if the engine speed fluctuates instantaneously due to engine pulsation or the like, the above instantaneous fluctuation in speed is displayed faithfully even though the engine speed normally stabilizes after a predetermined time and stabilizes. May cause the worker to feel useless anxiety about the load state of the engine. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to read the load state of the engine in the display of the engine speed with a simple configuration as much as possible in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional technology. In addition, the engine speed that fluctuates instantaneously due to engine pulsation, etc. is suppressed from being displayed as a change in the engine speed as it is, so that the worker does not feel useless anxiety about the load state of the engine. To do so.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, the rotation speed of the power unit whose rotation speed is changed is detected by the manual rotation speed adjusting means, and the rotation speed is changed as the rotation speed of the power unit changes. In the number display means, the instruction unit for instructing the detected rotation speed of the power unit moves along the set route, and the reading display unit provided for reading the position of the instruction unit along the movement route of the instruction unit, Whether or not the rotational speed of the power unit is a set rotational speed to be set by the rotational speed adjusting means, and the load of the power unit represented by the amount of decrease in the rotational speed from the set rotational speed of the power unit is read. In this case, in the high rotation range for work including the set rotation speed, the response of the movement of the indicator to the change in the rotation speed of the power unit is low in the low rotation range than in the high rotation range for work. Has become less sensitive than.

Therefore, in order to adjust the rotation speed of the power unit such as the engine to the set rotation speed within the high rotation range for work, the rotation speed adjusting means such as the accelerator lever is operated to adjust the rotation speed from the low rotation range to the high work range. When increasing toward the rotation range, while being able to perform a quick adjustment operation while observing the position of the indicator that moves sensitively in response to a change in the rotation speed, within the high rotation range for the work, Since the load of the power plant can be read in a stable display state by the above-mentioned instruction unit which does not respond to a rapid rotation speed change, a load display device is provided separately from the rotation speed display device as in the conventional case, or By eliminating the problem of complicated and expensive device configuration by providing an image display device that switches and displays the engine speed and load, the load of the engine is displayed in the engine speed display with the simplest structure possible. The engine speed can be read at the same time, and at the same time, the engine speed can be momentarily increased due to engine pulsation, etc., in the high working speed range while favorably adjusting the speed to the set speed in the high working speed range. Even if the value fluctuates, the change in the display of the rotation speed is suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the worker from feeling unnecessary uneasiness about the load state of the engine.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the movement amount of the indicating portion when the rotational speed of the power unit is changed by the unit rotational speed in the high rotational speed range for the work including the set rotational speed is the working amount. It is larger than the movement amount of the indicator when the rotational speed of the power unit is changed in the unit rotational speed in the rotational speed lower than the high rotational speed.

Therefore, for the same change in the number of revolutions, the moving range of the indicating portion is expanded in the high revolution range for work including the set number of revolutions compared to the low revolution range. Compared with the case where the movement amount of the instruction unit of the same is made the same in the high rotation range and the low rotation range for work, whether or not the rotation speed of the power plant is the set rotation speed, and the load state of the power plant, It can be read more accurately and easily, and accordingly,
Suitable means of

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the amount of movement when the rotational speed of the power unit is changed by a unit rotational speed in the vicinity of the set rotational speed in the working high rotational speed is smaller than that in the vicinity of the set rotational speed. It is smaller than the movement amount when the rotational speed of the power unit is changed by the unit rotational speed in the high rotational speed range for work on the low rotational speed side.

Therefore, in the high rotation range for work in which the movement range of the indicator with respect to the same change in the number of revolutions is expanded as compared with the low revolution range, the amount of movement of the indicator near the set number of revolutions is set lower than that. Since it is smaller than the high rotation range on the rotation side,
If the movement amount of the indicator near the set rotation speed is the same as the high rotation range on the lower rotation side than that, if there is variation in the operation of the adjusting means for adjusting the rotation speed of the power unit to the set rotation speed,
Compared to the fact that the indicator is easily deviated from the set speed and difficult to adjust, even if there is some variation in the above adjustment operation, position the indicator at the set speed and quickly confirm the completion of the adjustment operation. Thus, the preferred measure of claim 2 is obtained.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a combine as a working machine will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the combine is provided with a mowing unit 1 at the front of a body V provided with a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 3, and at the rear thereof, a control unit 2 and
A threshing unit 4, a diesel engine 5 as a power unit, a mission 6 for the crawler traveling device, and the like are provided. The harvesting unit 1 is provided with a stock origin sensor S1 that is activated when the grain culm touches to detect that the harvesting operation is being performed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control section 2 is provided with a steering lever 8 for controlling the steering of the vehicle body V and an elevation of the reaping section 1, and a control tower 10 provided with an instrument device 9, a driver's seat 11, a driver's seat 11 left side. It is composed of an operation box 12, a floor step 13 and the like arranged in one direction.

Next, the power transmission system is shown in FIG. The output of the engine 5 is transmitted to the threshing unit 4 via the threshing clutch 21, and the traveling clutch 22 and the continuously variable transmission 23 are provided.
Is transmitted to the mission 6 via. Mission 6
A part of the output transmitted to the mowing unit 1 is transmitted to the mowing unit 1 via the mowing clutch 24. S2 is a threshing switch that detects the on / off state of the threshing clutch 21, and S3 is a vehicle speed sensor provided in the mission 6 for vehicle speed detection. Further, the mission 6 is provided with a switching mechanism for switching the steering state to each of forward, reverse and neutral states in conjunction with the continuously variable transmission 23 being operated to shift forward or backward. , A neutral switch S4 for detecting the neutral state of the steering wheel and a reverse switch S5 for detecting the reverse state.
And are provided (see FIG. 7).

As shown in FIG. 4, the governor 2 of the engine 5
The speed control lever 28 for 7 is urged to return to the starting side position by a spring or the like (not shown), and is manually operated by the accelerator lever 7 provided in the control section 2 by being interlocked and coupled by the release wire 26. The accelerator lever 7 can be held at the current operating position by the friction holding mechanism 25. That is, the speed control lever 28 is swung to a desired position by the accelerator lever 7 serving as a manual speed control means to change and adjust the speed (output) of the engine 5. Normally, after operating the accelerator lever 7 to the starting position to start the engine 5,
While watching the display of the tachometer 17 described later, the output is increased so that the rated rotation speed (for example, 2900 rpm), which is the set rotation speed for work, is reached.

As shown in FIG. 7, a control device 43 constituted by utilizing a microcomputer is provided, and the control device 43 has a stock origin sensor S1, a threshing switch S2, and
The detection information of the vehicle speed sensor S3, the neutral switch S4, and the reverse switch S5 is input, and the detection information of the frequency detector 42 that detects the power generation frequency (pulse signal) of the dynamo 41 is also input to the control device 43. ing. Here, since the power generation frequency of the dynamo 41 corresponds to the rotation speed of the engine 5, the frequency detector 42 constitutes a rotation speed detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the engine 5. In addition, the control device 43 has a value of the rated speed (for example, 2900 r).
pm) is stored.

On the other hand, the control device 43 outputs drive signals for the measuring instrument device 9 and the horn 14. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the instrument device 9 is provided with a tachometer 17 for analog display of the engine speed by the movement of the indicator needle 17a, and various indicator lights. That is, 29 is a paddy clog warning light, 30 is a cutter clogging warning light, 31 is a winker lamp, 32 is a water temperature warning light, and 33
Is an oil warning light, 34 is a charging warning light, 35 is an hour meter, 36 is a remaining fuel amount display light, and 37 is a load warning light.

The tachometer 17 and the controller 4
3, the indicator needle 17a as an indicator for instructing the detected rotational speed of the engine 5 along with the change in the rotational speed of the engine 5 is set along a set path (a left-right arcuate path). Revolution display means 100 configured to move
Is configured.

Further, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, the rotation speed display means 100 indicates that when the rotation speed of the engine 5 changes in the unit rotation speed in the high working range F including the rated rotation speed. The movement amount of the indicator needle 17a is set to be larger than the movement amount in a rotation speed range lower than the working high rotation range F, and near the rated rotation speed (rated rotation range),
The movement amount of the indicator needle 17a when the rotation speed of the engine 5 changes by a unit rotation speed is set to be smaller than the movement amount in the high rotation range F for work on the low rotation side near the rated rotation speed. It is configured.

That is, the angular range of the working high speed range F is expanded more than the arithmetic ratio of the engine speed to the total speed range. For example, the maximum rotation speed is 3200 rpm
And the high rotation range F for work is 2400 rpm to 320
Assuming 0 rpm, the arithmetic ratio of the working high speed range F to the total speed range is (3200-2400) / 32.
00 = 1/4 = 25%, and assuming that the total movement angle of the indicating needle 17a is 100 degrees, the display angle of the high rotation range F for work without expansion is 25 degrees, but under the above conditions By the electrical processing in the control device 43, the display angle of the high rotation range F for work is enlarged to about 45 degrees, and the tachometer 17 is easy to use visually.

FIG. 5 shows a case in which the movement amount of the indicating needle 17a per unit rotation speed is made the same in the whole rotation speed region by a two-dot chain line. The high rotation range F for work, which is a narrow rotation range, is enlarged to indicate the pointer 1
Replaced with a large deflection angle of 7a, and
It is shown that the deflection angle of the indicating needle 17a near the rated rotation speed is narrowed, while being in the expanded rotation range.

The relationship between the amount of operation of the accelerator lever 7 and the amount of change in the engine speed is set to be almost linear over the entire speed range. The amount of change in the engine speed with respect to the unit operation amount of the accelerator lever 7 in the region F is made smaller than the amount of change in the engine speed with respect to the unit operation amount of the accelerator lever 7 in the rotation region lower than the working high rotation region F. It is also possible to have a non-linear relationship.

Further, the rotation speed display means 100 indicates the responsiveness of the movement of the indicating needle 17a to the change in the rotation speed of the engine 5 in the high rotation speed range F for the work. It is configured to be less sensitive than the response in the lower low rotation range. Specifically, FIG.
As shown in, the rotation speed detection information from the frequency detector 42 is sampled at a set time interval Δt, and a predetermined number of sampling data are averaged to obtain the detected rotation speed of the engine 5, and In the high rotation range F, the number of sampling data to be averaged (16 in the figure) is made larger than the number of data in the low rotation range (8 in the figure), and the work is performed as shown in the following formula. Needle needle 1 in the high working speed range F for work by determining the detected speed Kf in the high working speed range and the detected speed Kn in the low working speed range.
The responsiveness of the movement of 7a is made less sensitive than the responsiveness in the low rotation range. In FIG. 8, the latest sampling data is t0, the previous data is t1, t2 ...
When the next data is sampled after the set time interval Δt, the data is t0.
, And so on, the numbers of the data t0, t1, ..., Are increased by one to become t1, t2 ,.

[0022]

[Equation 1] Kf = (t0 + t1 + ... + t15) / 16 Kn = (t0 + t1 + ... + t7) / 8

FIG. 9 shows the result of making the response of the movement of the indicating needle 17a insensitive in the high rotation range F for work as compared with the low rotation range. First, when the accelerator lever 7 is operated to adjust to the rated rotation speed, the responsiveness of the indicating needle 17a is good in the low rotation range, so that the actual rotation speed change indicated by the dotted line is changed as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the rotation speed display indicated by the solid line follows with a small delay amount, and the accelerator operation and the actual display correspond well, and the operation can be performed without a feeling of discomfort. Next, when the threshing clutch 21 is turned on and the forward running is further started, the engine speed sharply decreases as shown in B and C, and as shown in D, even when the engine 5 pulsates. Although the engine speed momentarily fluctuates, the responsiveness of the indicating needle 17a is slow in the high working speed range F, so the indicating needle 17a cannot follow the change in the rotating speed indicated by the dotted line, and the changing of the rotating speed (described later). Load fluctuation) is suppressed and displayed.

Further, the tachometer 17 is provided with a reading display portion YH provided along the movement path of the pointer 17a for reading the position of the pointer 17a. It is possible to read whether or not the engine speed is the rated speed that should be set, and to read the load of the engine 5 represented by the amount of decrease in the engine speed from the rated speed of the engine 5.

The read / display section YH is provided with a plurality of load display portions that represent the load of the engine 5 in a plurality of stages. Specifically, an appropriate load display unit that indicates that the amount of decrease in the number of revolutions of the engine 5 is smaller than the set value on the small side (appropriate rotation range a in the figure) so as to represent loads in three stages. 38, a load caution display section 39 for displaying that the above-mentioned amount of decrease in the number of rotations is in a load caution state (a caution rotation range b in the figure) between the set value on the small side and the set value on the large side, and The load alarm display unit 40 is configured to display that the load alarm state (the alarm rotation range c in the figure) is such that the rotation speed reduction amount is larger than the set value on the large side.

Further, the respective display parts are displayed in different colors so that they can be identified. Specifically, the proper load display section 38 is colored in green, the load caution display section 39 is colored in yellow, the load warning display section 40 is colored in red, and the rated rotation indicating the rated rotation range d within the proper rotation range a. The display portion 38a is formed in white. As a result, whether or not the engine speed is the rated speed and the load state can be quickly recognized visually.

The load warning light 37 and the horn 14 allow the load state of the engine 5 to be the proper load state,
A load notification unit configured to selectively notify either the load caution state or the load warning state is configured, and the control device 43 causes the load warning light 37 to be generated based on the detection information of the frequency detector 42. And horn 14 is configured to control the operation of the horn 14. Specifically, the control device 43 causes the load warning lamp 37 to blink in the load caution state,
In the load alarm state, the load warning light 37 is operated to blink and the horn 14 is intermittently operated, and in the proper load state, the operation of the load warning light 37 and the horn 14 is stopped.

[Other Embodiment] In the above embodiment, the rotation speed display means 100 is configured by using the tachometer 17 and the control device 43 to control the detection information of the rotation speed of the power unit (engine 5). The control device 43 controls the drive of the instructing part 17a of the tachometer 17 based on the processing result by inputting to the device 43 and performing the electrical processing. The configuration is not limited to this, and for example, the instruction unit 17a may be driven by a signal obtained by converting the rotation speed detection signal from the frequency detector 42 by a hardware circuit.

In the rotation speed display means 100, the structure that makes the response of the movement of the indicating portion 17a in the working high rotation range F less sensitive than the response in the low rotation range is limited to the structure of the above embodiment. Not a thing. Instead of changing the number of data to be averaged in both rotation ranges, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the set time interval Δt2 for sampling the rotation speed detection information in the high rotation range F for work is set to the low rotation range. Is set to be longer than the set time interval Δt1 (for example, about twice), and the same number of data (8 in the figure) is averaged as described above to obtain the detected rotation speeds Kf and Kn. May be.

As another means for adjusting the responsiveness of movement of the instructing section 17a, in the configuration in which the instructing section 17a is driven by a signal obtained by converting the rotation speed detection signal from the frequency detector 42 by a hardware circuit, The frequency response of the signal conversion circuit may be less sensitive in the working high rotation range F than in the low rotation range.

In the above embodiment, the entire rotational speed range (0 to 3200 rpm) of the power unit 5 is displayed by the rotational speed display means (rotometer 1).
7) is displayed, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the rotation speed range below a predetermined rotation speed (for example, 500 rpm) is not displayed, and this rotation speed (for example, 500 rp) is displayed.
The instruction unit 17a may start moving when the distance exceeds m). In this case, even if the moving amount of the indicating needle 17a per unit rotation speed is the same in the high working speed region F and the lower working speed region lower than the working speed region F, the pointer hand in the working working speed region F is the same. The merit that the display angle of 17a becomes large is obtained.

In the above embodiment, the moving amount of the indicating portion 17a when the rotation speed of the power unit 5 changes by a unit rotation speed in the vicinity of the set rotation speed (rated rotation speed) in the high rotation range F for work is Although it is smaller than the movement amount in the high rotation region F for work on the lower rotation side than near the set rotation number, it is made larger than the movement amount in the rotation speed region lower than the high rotation region F for work. In addition to this, the movement amount in the vicinity of the set rotation speed is set to be smaller than the movement amount in the rotation speed range lower than the high rotation range F for work, and the movement amount in the vicinity of the set rotation speed is the full rotation. The setting speed is set to be the smallest in several speed ranges, or the movement amount of the instructing portion 17a in the high rotation speed range F for work is made equal to the movement amount in a lower rotation speed range. Only the amount of movement in the vicinity may be reduced.

Further, in the above embodiment, the high rotation range F for work is used.
In the above description, the deflection angle of the indicating portion 17a is changed linearly (see FIG. 5), but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be changed in an arc shape, for example.

In the above-described embodiment, the display area is divided in the reading / displaying section YH to read the load of the power plant 5 in a plurality of stages (three stages). It is also possible to attach a scale with numbers such as 1, 2, 3 etc. to the route on the low rotation speed side from the position of so that the larger the number of the scale on which the indicator needle 17a is located, the greater the load. .

The rotation speed display means 100 is not a tachometer 17 having an indicator needle 17a as an indicator, but a liquid crystal or LE.
In a bar graph display device such as D, the tip portion (corresponding to the indicating portion) of the bar that is turned on may move in the set direction in accordance with the change in the rotation speed.

The manual rotation speed adjusting means is not limited to the accelerator lever 7, but may be constituted by a volume or the like. In this case, an electric signal from the volume or the like is input to the control device, and at the same time, the control device drives the actuator to change the rotation speed of the power unit.

The power unit is not limited to the diesel engine 5, but may be another internal combustion engine, an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or the like.

The rotation speed detecting means is not limited to the frequency detector 42 for detecting the power generation frequency of the dynamo 41, but may be an electromagnetic wave for detecting a frequency corresponding to the number of teeth by applying a magnetic field to the flywheel ring gear of the engine 5, for example. A pickup type rotation speed sensor may be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 Side view of combine

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the control unit.

FIG. 3 is a power transmission diagram of the combine.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an operating portion of the engine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship graph between an engine speed and a deflection angle of a tachometer pointer.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an instrument device.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the combine.

FIG. 8 is a time chart showing sampling of rotation speed detection information.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a follow-up state of a deflection angle of a pointer with respect to a change in engine speed.

FIG. 10 is a time chart showing sampling of rotation speed detection information according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 power plant 7 Rotation speed adjustment means 17a Indicator 42 rotation speed detection means 100 rpm display means YH reading display section

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Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A power unit having a rotation speed changed and adjusted by a manual rotation speed adjusting unit is provided, and a rotation speed detecting unit for detecting a rotation speed of the power unit and a change in the rotation speed of the power unit are provided. A display device for a working machine, in which an instruction unit for instructing the detected rotation speed is provided with a rotation speed display unit configured to move along a set route, and is provided along the movement route of the instruction unit. A reading display unit for reading the position of the instruction unit is provided so as to read whether the rotation speed of the power unit is a set rotation speed to be set by the rotation speed adjusting unit, and A load of the power unit, which is represented by an amount of decrease in the number of revolutions of the power unit from the set number of revolutions, is readable. Move A work machine configured to make the responsiveness less sensitive than the responsiveness in a low rotation range lower than the high rotation range for work in a high rotation range for work including the set rotation speed. Display device. 2. The rotation speed display means, in the high rotation range for work, indicates the movement amount of the instruction unit when the rotation speed of the power unit changes by a unit rotation speed in the low rotation range. The device is configured to be larger than the moving amount.
Display device of the work machine described. 3. The rotation speed display means, when the rotation speed of the power unit changes by a unit rotation speed, displays the movement amount of the indicating portion near the set rotation speed at a speed lower than the vicinity of the set rotation speed. The display device for a work machine according to claim 2, wherein the display device is configured to be smaller than the movement amount in the high rotation range for work.