JP3408693B2 - Fly ash treatment method - Google Patents
Fly ash treatment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3408693B2 JP3408693B2 JP13336396A JP13336396A JP3408693B2 JP 3408693 B2 JP3408693 B2 JP 3408693B2 JP 13336396 A JP13336396 A JP 13336396A JP 13336396 A JP13336396 A JP 13336396A JP 3408693 B2 JP3408693 B2 JP 3408693B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- heavy metal
- melting furnace
- carbon dioxide
- incinerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は都市ごみ焼却炉及び
産業廃棄物焼却炉より排出される飛灰を二次公害のない
スラグ化して処理する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating fly ash discharged from an incinerator for municipal solid waste and an incinerator for industrial waste by converting it into slag without secondary pollution.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、飛灰の処理方法は重金属塩類を不
溶化処理後、埋立処分している。不溶化処理方法には以
下の方法がある。
○炭酸ガス中和法：重金属塩類を炭酸塩化した後、ろ過
しケーキを埋め立てる方法。
○セメント固化法：飛灰とセメントと水を混練しセメン
ト固化物として埋め立てる方法。
○キレート処理法：飛灰と重金属処理用の液体キレート
を混練した後埋め立てる方法。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fly ash has been treated by insolubilizing heavy metal salts and then landfilling. The insolubilization treatment method includes the following methods. ○ Carbon dioxide neutralization method: A method in which heavy metal salts are carbonated and then filtered to fill the cake. ○ Cement solidification method: A method in which fly ash, cement, and water are kneaded to fill up as a cement solidified product. -Chelating method: A method in which fly ash and a liquid chelate for treating heavy metals are kneaded and then filled up.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】都市ごみ焼却炉及び産
業廃棄物焼却炉から排出される飛灰は特別管理廃棄物に
も指定されその処理に苦心しているところである。従来
の方法には下記のような問題点がある。
○炭酸ガス中和法：酸性雨などにより処理物から重金属
類が溶出する恐れがある。
○セメント固化法：処理により重量が増える。飛灰中に
含まれる塩分によりセメント固化物の強度が下がり将来
的には重金属溶出の恐れがある。
○キレート処理法：処理工程において硫化水素が発生す
ることなどがあり作業環境はよくない。また、紫外線等
によるキレートの破壊があるので将来的には重金属溶出
の恐れがある。The fly ash discharged from the municipal waste incinerator and the industrial waste incinerator is designated as a specially controlled waste, and its treatment is difficult. The conventional method has the following problems. ○ Carbon dioxide neutralization method: There is a risk that heavy metals will be eluted from the processed material due to acid rain . ○ Cement solidification method: Weight increases due to treatment. The salt content in the fly ash reduces the strength of the cement solidified product, which may lead to the elution of heavy metals in the future. ○ Chelate treatment method: The work environment is not good because hydrogen sulfide is generated in the treatment process. Further, since the chelate is destroyed by ultraviolet rays or the like, there is a possibility that heavy metals will be eluted in the future.
【０００４】すなわち、従来の方法では将来、重金属が
溶出する恐れがあった。また、処理物の埋立処分場が必
要であった。更に、直接、溶融炉に飛灰を投入し溶融し
た場合、重金属塩類が再飛散し飛灰化するので飛灰処理
の問題がなくならない、また、飛灰中の塩分による炉内
耐火物の侵食が発生し炉の寿命の低下が起こる等の問題
がある。That is, in the conventional method, heavy metals may be eluted in the future. In addition, a landfill site for the treated materials was required. Furthermore, when fly ash is directly added to the melting furnace and melted, heavy metal salts are re-scattered and turned into fly ash, so the problem of fly ash treatment does not disappear, and the corrosion of refractory in the furnace due to salt in fly ash Occurs, which shortens the life of the furnace.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は（１）都市ごみ
焼却炉及び産業廃棄物焼却炉より排出される飛灰を水相
に懸濁させ炭酸ガスを含むガスを吹き込むことにより飛
灰中の重金属塩類を炭酸塩化させ不溶化してろ過、乾燥
する前処理後、溶融炉に投入して重金属炭酸塩を分解し
て炭酸ガスを気散させて生成する重金属酸化物と飛灰中
の他の成分と共にガラス構造のスラグとすることを特徴
とする飛灰の処理方法及び（２）乾燥時の飛灰及び溶融
炉の飛灰を上記（１）の前処理系に戻すことを特徴とす
る上記（１）の飛灰の処理方法である。MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS The present invention is: (1) Fly ash discharged from an incinerator for municipal solid waste and an incinerator for industrial waste is suspended in an aqueous phase and a gas containing carbon dioxide gas is blown into the fly ash. After pretreatment of carbonating and insolubilizing the heavy metal salts of, and filtering and drying, put them in a melting furnace to decompose the heavy metal carbonates and diffuse carbon dioxide gas to generate heavy metal oxides and other A method for treating fly ash, which comprises forming a slag having a glass structure together with the components, and (2) returning fly ash during drying and fly ash from a melting furnace to the pretreatment system according to (1) above. This is the method of treating fly ash in (1) .
【０００６】本発明では、前処理で飛灰中の重金属塩類
を炭酸塩類に変えた後、溶融炉にて熱により炭酸ガスを
気散させ重金属酸化物としてガラス構造のスラグの中に
封じ込めるものである。ガラス構造の中では、鉛ガラス
等で知られているとおり重金属酸化物は固定化され溶出
することはない。更に、乾燥機、溶融炉からの飛灰を前
処理ラインに戻すことにより飛灰の系外排出をなくすこ
とが可能である。また、溶融炉より発生したスラグは路
盤材等に再利用できるので埋立処分場も不要化が可能で
ある。In the present invention, the heavy metal salts in the fly ash are converted into carbonates by pretreatment, and then carbon dioxide gas is diffused by heat in the melting furnace to be contained as heavy metal oxides in the glass-structured slag. is there. In the glass structure, as is known for lead glass and the like, heavy metal oxides are fixed and do not elute. Furthermore, by returning the fly ash from the dryer or the melting furnace to the pretreatment line, it is possible to eliminate the fly ash from the outside of the system. In addition, since the slag generated from the melting furnace can be reused as roadbed material, the landfill disposal site can be eliminated.
【０００７】なお、本発明でいう飛灰には種々のものが
あり、例えば下記のような組成のものである。There are various types of fly ash referred to in the present invention, for example, the following composition.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【０００８】（作用）本発明における飛灰中の重金属類
の流れについて説明する。重金属類は代表として飛灰中
に多い鉛（Ｐｂ）、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）について説明する。飛
灰中に鉛、亜鉛は主に酸化物（ＰｂＯ，ＺｎＯ）と塩化
物（ＰｂＣｌ2 ，ＺｎＣｌ2 ）の形で存在する。飛灰を
水相中に懸濁させると重金属類中の酸化物の一部と塩化
物のほとんどが溶解し重金属イオンとなって水相中に分
散する。この懸濁液に炭酸ガスを通ずると重金属イオン
は水に不溶な炭酸塩となり析出する。その後、ろ過によ
り析出した重金属炭酸塩、酸化物及び水に溶けなかった
飛灰中のその他の成分を回収する。この際、炉に有害な
塩素分（Ｃｌ- ）は水相中に分散するのでろ過除去され
る。その後、回収物は乾燥機において溶融炉に適した水
分に調製し、溶融炉に投入する。(Operation) The flow of heavy metals in fly ash in the present invention will be described. As heavy metals, lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), which are often found in fly ash, will be described as representatives. Lead and zinc are mainly present in the fly ash in the form of oxides (PbO, ZnO) and chlorides (PbCl 2 , ZnCl 2 ). When fly ash is suspended in the aqueous phase, some of the oxides and chlorides in the heavy metals are dissolved to form heavy metal ions and disperse in the aqueous phase. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through this suspension, heavy metal ions become carbonate insoluble in water and precipitate. Then, the heavy metal carbonates and oxides precipitated by filtration and other components in the fly ash that were not dissolved in water are recovered. At this time, the chlorine content (Cl − ) harmful to the furnace is dispersed in the aqueous phase and is removed by filtration. Then, the recovered material is adjusted to have a water content suitable for the melting furnace in a dryer, and is put into the melting furnace.
【０００９】溶融炉においては、投入された重金属炭酸
塩は熱により分解し脱炭酸反応により炭酸ガスを放出し
て重金属酸化物となり、その後、飛灰中の他の成分と共
に溶融されガラス構造のスラグの中に封じ込まれる。重
金属酸化物がガラス構造の中に取り込まれた場合、水な
どに溶出しないことは市販の鉛ガラスや金属酸化物ガラ
スが多数あり周知のことである。In the melting furnace, the charged heavy metal carbonate is decomposed by heat and releases carbon dioxide by a decarboxylation reaction to become a heavy metal oxide, which is then melted together with other components in the fly ash and has a glass structure slag. To be contained within. It is well known that, when heavy metal oxides are taken into the glass structure, they do not elute in water or the like because there are many commercially available lead glasses and metal oxide glasses.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図１のフローシートにて
説明する。飛灰溶解層１に飛灰と水をいれ攪拌機２によ
り懸濁液とする。懸濁液をガス反応槽３に移送し、炭酸
ガス源として焼却炉の排ガスを吹き込み炭酸塩化の反応
を起こさせる。反応液をシックナ４に移送し、沈降によ
り濃縮したスラリをろ過機５にて洗浄水によって洗浄し
ながらろ過し、ケーキを乾燥機６に送り、排ガス又は熱
風炉ガスにより乾燥後、乾燥灰サービスホッパ７を介し
て灰溶融炉８にて溶融処理する。溶融処理後の溶融スラ
グは乾式スラグ出滓装置９で冷却され徐冷スラグとして
排出される。EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described with reference to the flow sheet of FIG. Fly ash and water are added to the fly ash dissolution layer 1 to make a suspension with a stirrer 2. The suspension is transferred to the gas reaction tank 3, and the exhaust gas from the incinerator is blown as a carbon dioxide gas source to cause a carbonation reaction. The reaction liquid is transferred to the thickener 4, and the slurry concentrated by sedimentation is filtered while being washed with washing water by the filter 5, the cake is sent to the dryer 6, and dried with exhaust gas or hot air stove gas, and then the dry ash service hopper A melting process is performed in an ash melting furnace 8 via 7. The molten slag after the melting treatment is cooled by the dry slag slag device 9 and discharged as slowly cooled slag.
【００１１】乾燥機の排ガス、溶融炉の排ガスは集塵機
１０にて除じんされ排ガスとして排出する。集塵機１０
にて回収された溶融飛灰は飛灰溶解槽１に送られ再度処
理される。なお、飛灰溶解槽１での飛灰のスラリ濃度は
５〜１５％が適していた。Exhaust gas from the dryer and exhaust gas from the melting furnace are removed by the dust collector 10 and discharged as exhaust gas. Dust collector 10
The molten fly ash collected in 1 is sent to the fly ash dissolution tank 1 and is processed again. A suitable fly ash slurry concentration in the fly ash dissolution tank 1 was 5 to 15%.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明の方法により、以下の効果が奏さ
れる。
（１）飛灰の重金属類を前処理により炭酸塩化して溶融
炉に投入するため、重金属類のほとんどがスラグ内のガ
ラス構造に固定化され、重金属溶出などの二次公害の恐
れがなくなった。
（２）溶融炉の飛灰なども前処理系に戻すことにより最
終的にスラグ化することができるので、都市ごみ焼却施
設及び産業廃棄物処理施設より飛灰の排出をなくすこと
が可能となった。
（３）飛灰を溶融するに当たり飛灰中の塩素分（Ｃ
ｌ- ）を前処理により取り除くことができたので、溶融
炉の耐火物に対する塩素の侵食が少なくなり、耐火物寿
命が向上した。
（４）溶融炉より発生したスラグは再利用可能であるの
で飛灰を埋め立てる必要がなくなり、最終処分場の延命
化が行われた。The method of the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since heavy metals of fly ash are carbonized by pretreatment and put into a melting furnace, most of the heavy metals are fixed in the glass structure inside the slag, eliminating the risk of secondary pollution such as elution of heavy metals. . (2) Fly ash from the melting furnace can be finally converted into slag by returning it to the pretreatment system, so it is possible to eliminate fly ash from municipal waste incineration facilities and industrial waste treatment facilities. It was (3) When melting the fly ash, the chlorine content (C
l -) so could be removed by the pretreatment, erosion of chlorine is reduced relative refractory of the melting furnace, it was improved refractory life. (4) Since the slag generated from the melting furnace can be reused, there is no need to reclaim fly ash, and the life of the final disposal site was extended.
【図１】本発明の一実施例のフローシートの説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a flow sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平１−284381（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−65988（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−67572（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−184610（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00 - 5/00 F23J 1/00 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-1-284381 (JP, A) JP-A-63-65988 (JP, A) JP-A-56-67572 (JP, A) JP-A-9- 184610 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B09B 3/00-5/00 F23J 1/00
Claims (2)
り排出される飛灰を水相に懸濁させ炭酸ガスを含むガス
を吹き込むことにより飛灰中の重金属塩類を炭酸塩化さ
せ不溶化してろ過、乾燥する前処理後、溶融炉に投入し
て重金属炭酸塩を分解して炭酸ガスを気散させて生成す
る重金属酸化物と飛灰中の他の成分と共にガラス構造の
スラグとすることを特徴とする飛灰の処理方法。1. A fly ash discharged from an incinerator for municipal solid waste and an incinerator for industrial waste is suspended in an aqueous phase and a gas containing carbon dioxide gas is blown into the fly ash to carbonate and insolubilize heavy metal salts in the fly ash. After pretreatment of filtration and drying, put it in a melting furnace to decompose heavy metal carbonate and diffuse carbon dioxide gas to form heavy metal oxide and other components in fly ash to form glass structure slag. A characteristic method of processing fly ash.
１の前処理系に戻すことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の
飛灰の処理方法。2. The method for treating fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash during drying and the fly ash from the melting furnace are returned to the pretreatment system according to claim 1 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13336396A JP3408693B2 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1996-05-28 | Fly ash treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13336396A JP3408693B2 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1996-05-28 | Fly ash treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09314088A JPH09314088A (en) | 1997-12-09 |
| JP3408693B2 true JP3408693B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
Family
ID=15102980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13336396A Expired - Fee Related JP3408693B2 (en) | 1996-05-28 | 1996-05-28 | Fly ash treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3408693B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
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| DE19902010C2 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2001-02-08 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Process for the treatment of ashes from waste incineration plants and mineral residues by desalination and artificial aging using electrodynamic underwater processes and plant for carrying out the process |
| KR100492619B1 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2005-06-03 | 한국지질자원연구원 | a Process Method for Scatter Ash following burn up Living Wastes |
| JP4702715B2 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2011-06-15 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | Complex waste incineration treatment system and method |
| JP4662338B2 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2011-03-30 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | Waste combined gasification processing system and method |
| KR100779879B1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-11-28 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Apparatus and method for recycling dust generated from incineration and melting treatment facilities of hazardous waste |
| CN103693658B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽今朝环保科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment device for industrial waste salt based on three-section incinerator and use method of device |
| CN105478449A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-13 | 浙江泰来环保科技有限公司 | Garbage incineration fly ash curing system |
| JP7488059B2 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2024-05-21 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Ground improvement material and its manufacturing method |
| CN112275782B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-12-05 | 南京师范大学 | A fly ash water washing device and method based on carbon dioxide conditioning |
| CN113145608A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-23 | 广州维港环保科技有限公司 | System and process for treating incineration fly ash through thermal desorption and carbon neutralization |
| CN115571898B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-12-19 | 浙江申联环保集团有限公司 | Incineration fly ash recycling and disposal method |
| CN116329254B (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-10-24 | 浙江和惠生态环境科技有限公司 | Synergistic treatment process for fly ash and carbonized slag |
| CN116967251B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2025-11-04 | 河北工程大学 | A modified high-carbon coal gasification slag, its preparation method and application |
| CN117069403B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江大学 | A method for efficient in-situ detoxification and building material utilization of waste incineration fly ash |
| CN119926951B (en) * | 2024-10-29 | 2025-07-25 | 北京师范大学 | A method and device for preparing deacidifying agent from fly ash from incineration of domestic waste |
-
1996
- 1996-05-28 JP JP13336396A patent/JP3408693B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09314088A (en) | 1997-12-09 |
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