JP3414607B2 - Endoscope forceps - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forceps for an endoscope which has no protrusions such as links, has a simple structure and can be easily cleaned.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as forceps for an endoscope, for example, JP-A-4-246344 and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-78253 are known. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-246344 discloses a handle assembly including a fixed handle and a rotating handle, one end of which is attached to the handle assembly, an inner rod member and an outer pipe member, and which responds to the movement of the rotating handle. An instrument mechanism comprising a sliding body assembly, a pair of reciprocating members fixed to the outer tube member, and a pair of jaws having a cam surface slidably engaged with the bearing surface of the inner rod member. And have.

The movement of the rotary handle causes the outer tube member to move so that the bearing surface of the inner rod member engages with the cam surface of the instrument mechanism to rotate the instrument mechanism to open and close the reciprocating member. It is configured to slide the inner rod member.

Further, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-78253 is shown in FIG.
And a forceps opening / closing drive mechanism using a four-bar linkage as shown in FIG. FIG. 27 shows the relationship between the operating force and the gripping force in the fully closed state. Since the inclination angle of the link a is small, the component force (F ') of the force (F) pulling the operation axis b is small,
Since the component (F ″) of this component force in the rotation direction of the jaw c is even smaller, the moment (M) for rotating the jaw c is extremely small. As a result, the gripping force (f) at the tip of the jaw c is also extremely small. Become.

FIG. 28 shows the relationship between the operating force and the gripping force in the fully opened state. Since the inclination angle of the link a is large, the component force (F ') of the force (F) pulling the operating axis b becomes larger than (F), and the component (F ") of this component force in the rotation direction of the jaw c.
However, since it is close to the direction of the component force, it remains large.

[0006]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
The one disclosed in -246344 has the following problems. (1) The structure is complicated, the strength cannot be increased, and the cost is high.

(2) Wear is inevitable because there are many sliding parts or the sliding length is long. When autoclave sterilization is carried out, lubrication with oils and fats cannot be expected, so the operation is not smooth and wear is accelerated.

(3) Since the rear end of the jaw in which the cam groove is formed protrudes from the outer diameter of the holding member when the jaw is opened, it cannot be covered with the insulating member. Therefore, the exposed portion of the metal is large at the tip, and an unintended portion is burned during cauterization by high frequency.

(4) Since the opening / closing drive mechanism exists in the holding member on the base end side of the pivotal support shaft of the pair of jaws, it is difficult to perform cleaning. Further, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-78253 has the following problems.

(1) The moment (M) for rotating the jaw c at the time of full opening becomes extremely large, and the gripping force (f) at the tip of the jaw c becomes extremely large. (2) Since the link a projects out of the sheath when the jaw c is fully opened, the insulating coating cannot be extended to the tip (the non-insulating portion becomes large). There is a risk that unintended parts will be burned when high-frequency electricity is applied. It tends to be caught when trying to grasp and operate the suture, which hinders the operation.

(3) Since the opening / closing drive mechanism exists in the holding member on the base end side of the pivotal shaft of the pair of jaws c, it is difficult to perform cleaning. (4) When the jaw c is fully closed or nearly closed, the gripping force at the tip of the jaw c is small. On the contrary, when the jaw c is in the fully opened state or a state close to the fully opened state (when trying to spread the object), the force generated at the tip of the jaw c is the largest. Therefore, even if a small object is tried to be gripped, the force is not applied and the object is slippery. When trying to cut open the peritoneum, it will spread too wide.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. The object of the present invention is that there is no protrusion such as a link, the structure is simple, and cleaning can be easily performed. An object is to provide forceps for an endoscope with less adverse effects of wear.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, in order to achieve the above object, according to claim 1 includes an operation unit, and connected to said operating unit insertion portion provided at a tip portion of the insertion portion Was
A holding member and a second jig provided at the tip of the insertion portion.
A first member for pivotally supporting the arm with respect to the holding member.
A pivot shaft and a first pivotally supported pivot member on the first pivot shaft.
Pivot the first jaw relative to the two jaws so that they can rotate relative to each other.
Inserting the operation force of the second pivot that supports and the operation section
On the tip side of the insertion part so that it can move back and forth along the axial direction of the part
With respect to the operating force transmitting member to be transmitted, and the operating force transmitting member
A forceps for an endoscope , comprising: a third pivot shaft that pivotally supports the first jaw . According to a second aspect of the present invention, the arrangement of the first to third pivotal shafts according to the first aspect is the third pivotal shaft, the second pivotal shaft, and the first pivotal shaft from the distal end side toward the proximal end side. The feature is that they are arranged in the order of the axes. Claim 3 is the arrangement of the first to third pivot shafts of claim 1,
It is characterized in that the first pivotal shaft, the second pivotal shaft, and the third pivotal shaft are arranged in this order from the distal end side toward the proximal end side.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show the first embodiment, and FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of forceps for an endoscope. As shown in FIG. 1, the endoscopic forceps includes a distal end working unit 1, an insertion unit 2, and an operation unit 3.

The tip acting portion 1 is composed of a pair of first and second jaws 4 and 5 and an opening / closing mechanism 6 for the jaws. The insertion section 2 is composed of a tubular sheath 7 and an operation rod 8 arranged inside the sheath 7 and connected to the opening / closing mechanism 6. The operating portion 3 is composed of a pair of handles 9, that is, a fixed handle 9a, a turning handle 9b, and a connecting member 10 as an operating force transmitting member that connects the operating rod 8 and the turning handle 9b.

Therefore, the forceps for the endoscope is inserted into the abdominal cavity of the patient via the trocar, and the handle 9 is opened and closed by the operator, whereby the first and second jaws 4 of the distal end working portion 1 are
5 opens and closes, and an object such as an organ, blood vessel, or peritoneum can be grasped or peeled. In the case of scissors forceps, handle 9
The tip action part 1 can be opened and closed by opening and closing to cut or peel the object.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the second jaw 5 has a first holding portion 11a formed on the holding member 11.
, And is rotatably attached by a pivot pin 12 as a first pivot shaft. Handle 9 of second jaw 5
Similarly, the first jaw 4 is also attached to the side end together with the pivot pin 12.
A second pivot pin 13 is provided as a second pivot that engages with.

The first jaw 4 engages with the second jaw 5 to rotate, and the second pivot pin 13 serves as a second pivot shaft.
It is rotatably attached by. The holding member 11 is provided with an operating rod 8 in its inner diameter and is rotatably connected to the first jaw 4. The tip 8a of the operating rod 8 has a flat shape, forms a fulcrum hole 8b, and is pivotally supported by a pivot pin 14 as a third pivot. The base end side of the second jaw 5 becomes the rear end face 5d of the flat portion, and the holding member 1
A slight gap is maintained with the end surface 11b on the tip side.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first jaw 4 is fitted in the slot 5c at the rear end of the second jaw 5 and is connected by the two second pivot pins 13. Has been done. First
A slot 4c is formed at the rear end of the jaw 4, and a tip portion 8a of the operation rod 8 is fitted therein, and is connected by a third pivot pin 14.

FIG. 3 (a) shows a cross section near the third pivot pin 14, FIG. 3 (b) shows a cross section near the second pivot pin 13, and FIG. 1 shows a cross section near one pivot pin 12. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the second pivot pin 13 is an axis of rotation of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, but the slot of the first jaw 4 It does not enter the inside of 4c and does not hinder the movement of the operating rod 8 due to its rotation. In addition, the upper surface of the holding portion 11a has a concave shape along the outer diameter of the operating rod 8, serves as a guide for the movement of the operating rod 8 and prevents the operating rod 8 from being deformed.

FIG. 4A shows the fully closed state of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, and FIG. 4B shows the fully opened state.
As shown in (b), by pushing the operating rod 8 to the left in the figure, the third pivot pin 14 at the rear end of the first jaw 4 moves to the left, and the second pivot pin is moved. The leftward force is transmitted to the second jaw 5 via 13.

Due to this force, the second jaw 5 holds the holding portion 1
Attempts to rotate counterclockwise around 1a. At this time, the first jaw 4 receives the leftward force from the operating rod 8 and the second force.
Receives a rightward force due to the reaction from the jaw 5.

These forces become couples, and the first jaw 4
Try to rotate clockwise. As a result, the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 move in the directions away from each other, and
Two jaws 4 and 5 will open. In addition, Joe 4,
The operation of closing 5 is the reverse of the above.

In FIG. 4 (a), the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 are in contact with each other on the tip side thereof, and the rear end surface 5
d and the front end side end surface 11b are also in contact with each other, but in reality, the rear end surface 5d and the front end side end surface 11b are slightly apart from each other when the front end contacts.

However, when the force pulling the operating rod 8 to the right is further increased, the rear end surface 5d and the front end side end surface 11b come into contact with each other while the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 are elastically deformed. Here, all the force of pulling the operating rod 8 is received by the holding member 11, and no more force is exerted on the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5. This serves as a stopper for preventing damage. In addition, the first jaw 4 in the fully closed state,
Positioning is performed so that the second jaw 5 is directed straight toward the tip side.

In FIG. 4B, when a force for bending the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 upward or downward at the same time is applied, the force acts in the direction of moving the tip of the operating rod 8 upward or downward. To do.

At this time, since the operating rod 8 is positioned inside the holding member 11 without backlash, it will be bent by the above force, but the operating rod 8 itself resists it. By providing the operating rod 8 with sufficient strength, it is possible to prevent the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 from being easily displaced upward or downward.

In this embodiment, the first to third pivot pins 1 are used.
Although the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 are opened and closed substantially vertically by setting the positional relationship of 2, 13, and 14 as shown in the figure, the first to third pivot pins 12, 1
By changing the shape of the triangle formed by connecting the three points 3 and 14, the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 can be changed.
It is also possible to open and close unequally, and it is possible to arbitrarily change the design from forceps close to double opening to forceps close to single opening according to the purpose, and it is possible to adapt to various uses.

Further, the respective parts of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 which are positioned with respect to the operating rod 8 and the holding member 11 are not fixed to this, but they can be operated by opening and closing them appropriately. It is also possible to reverse the operating direction of the rod 8 and various configurations are possible.

Further, the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5
5 shows a fully closed state of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, and FIG. 6 shows a fully opened state. In the state of FIG. 5, the operating rod 8 is moved to the right. The force F to be transmitted is transmitted to the second jaw 5 via the first jaw 4,
At that time, the second and third pivot pins 13 of the first jaw 4,
It is decomposed into a component force F ′ in the direction connecting 14 and a component force downward.

However, the component force directed directly below is not shown because it is canceled by the reaction force that the operating rod 8 receives from the holding member 11 upward. Second and third pivot pins 13, 14
F ′ becomes larger than F due to the angle θ formed by the direction connecting the points with the axial direction of the operating rod 8 (the same as the direction of F).

Further, the larger the angle is, the larger F'is and becomes infinite at 90 °, which is not realistic. Further, the moment M of rotating the second jaw 5 by F ′ is equal to the moment M of the second and third pivot pins 13 of F ′,
A component F ″ of the force in the direction of connecting 14 and the second pivot pin 1
3 and the distance between the first pivot pins 12.

As a result, the force f at the tip of the second jaw 5 causes M to move to the tip of the second jaw 5 and the first pivot pin 1.
It is divided by the distance between the two. This force f actually becomes the gripping force of the forceps.

In the prior art, the operating force F and the gripping force f are shown in FIG. 27. Since the magnitude of F is equal to that in FIG. 5, comparing the magnitude of f, the jaw in FIG. 27 is shorter. Although f is advantageous in generating force at the tip, f itself is much larger in FIG. Moreover, in the state of FIG.
Due to the small angle θ, F ′ is not as large as in FIG. As a result, the force f at the tip also becomes small.

From a mechanical point of view of the mechanism, the links are the four members of the first and second jaws 4, 5, the operating rod 8 and the holding member 11. The even number is the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5.
, The first jaw 4 and the operating rod 8 and the second jaw 5 and the holding member 11 are rotational pairs, and the operating rod 8 and the holding member 11 are sliding pairs. is there.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) A large force can be generated when trying to grip a minute object near the fully closed position, and the object can be gripped reliably. Alternatively, it can be gripped with a light force.

(2) When a film-like object is peeled off near full opening, the force generated is small, so that the risk of excessive peeling can be avoided. (3) Since the jaws can be opened and closed without using the link (intermediate link) only for transmitting pure force in the four-bar linkage, the structure is simple, the strength and reliability are high, and the cost is low. .

(4) Since there is no opening / closing mechanism on the base end side of the pivot shaft between the jaw and the holding member, cleaning is easy.
There is an opening / closing mechanism between the pair of jaws, and the jaws are exposed to a large extent to facilitate cleaning.

(5) Nothing protrudes by the opening / closing operation outside the space between the pair of jaws, so that the parts other than the target part are not cauterized when cauterizing the organ. In addition, since it does not get caught on the suture thread or the like, the ligation operation in the body cavity becomes easy.

7 to 9 show the second embodiment, and the first embodiment
The same components as those of the embodiment are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show the tip working portion 1, and FIG.
Shows the fully closed state of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, and FIG. 9 shows the fully opened state.

In the first embodiment, the force from the operating rod 8 is transmitted from the most centered portion of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, but is transmitted from the outside. is there.

The holding member 11 has a holding portion 11a at its center, and the bifurcated tip end side 15a of the connecting member 15 connected to the operating rod 8 extends from the slits 11c on both sides of the holding portion 11a. A slot 11d is formed in the holding portion 11a. The second jaw 5 is fitted in the slot 11d and is rotatably held by the first pivot pin 12.

The second jaw 5 is fitted in the slot 4c on the base end side of the first jaw 4, and is connected by the second pivot pin 13. The second pivot pin 13 is a single undivided pin. In addition, the first jaw 4 and the connecting member 1
5 is connected by a third pivot pin 14.

The opening / closing operation of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but the force for operating the operating rod 8 crosses the holding portion 11a by the connecting member 15. Is further transmitted to the tip side by the third pivot pin 14
Opening operation is performed by pushing to the tip side.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the operating rod 8 does not penetrate the central axes of the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5, the first to third pivot pins 12, 1
There are few restrictions on the size and arrangement of the parts 3 and 14, and the size and strength can be increased.

(2) Since it is not necessary to divide the second pivot pin 13 and pass the operating rod 8 between them, the manufacture is easy and the precision is easy to obtain. 10 to 12 show the third embodiment, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The present embodiment shows a structure of forceps that can be easily washed with a simple structure. As shown in FIG. 10, the tubular sheath 7 in the first embodiment is a rod-shaped fixed rod 7 '. .

The operating rod 8'and the fixed rod 7'are arranged in parallel. The sectional shapes of the operating rod 8'and the fixed rod 7'are not limited to circular shapes. It may be a semicircle, a rectangle, an ellipse, an oval, or the like.

The first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 are rotatably attached to the tips of the operating rod 8'and the fixing rod 7'by means of the first to third pivot pins 12, 13, 14. . Further, between the operation rod 8'and the fixed rod 7 ', a filling tube 16 made of, for example, silicone rubber having elasticity to close a gap with the trocar is provided. The fixed rod 7'is attached to the turning handle 9a.

The operating rod 8'is attached to the fixed handle 9a by a holding mechanism 9c so as to allow only axial movement. The holding mechanism 9c can attach and detach the operating rod 8'at any time, and after releasing, the operating rod 8'can be swung upward and removed. The proximal end of the operating rod 8'is connected to the connecting member 10, and the connecting member 10 is engaged with the U-shaped engaging portion 9d of the head of the turning handle 9b.

Therefore, when the handle 9 is opened / closed, the operating rod 8'is moved back and forth to move the first jaw 4. The first jaw 4 moves the rear end of the second jaw 5 while rotating itself, and the second jaw 5 thereby rotates about the first pivot pin 12 at the tip of the fixing rod 7 '. To do. As a result, the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 open and close. The closing operation is the reverse of the above.

When the trocar is inserted, the filling tube 16 fills the gap between the operating rod 8'and the fixed rod 7 ', thereby preventing gas leakage in the body cavity. When disassembling for cleaning, the holding tube 9c is released and the operating rod 8'is swung upward, whereby the filling tube 16 can be removed, and the operating rod 8'and the fixed rod 7'are already large. Since they are far apart, they can be washed very easily.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12,
A slot is formed at the tip of the fixed rod 7 ',
The rear end of the jaw 5 is located slightly closer to the center and is rotatably attached by the first pivot pin 12. Operation rod 8 '
A slot is formed at the tip of the first jaw 4, and the rear end portion of the first jaw 4 is rotatably attached by the third pivot pin 14. Further, a slot is also formed at the rear end of the second jaw 5, and the second jaw 5 is rotatably connected to a part of the rear end of the first jaw 4 from the center thereof.

Therefore, a force F is applied to the operating rod 8'in the tip direction.
Is applied, the first jaw 4 receives a force toward the tip side. This force is transferred to the second via the second pivot pin 13.
The second jaw 5 is rotated about the first pivot pin 12 by being transmitted to the jaw 5.

At this time, the second pivot pin 13 moves upward as the second jaw 5 turns, so that the first jaw 4 moves to the third pivot pin 14 at the tip of the operating rod 8 '. Turn around. These first jaw 4, second jaw 5
The swirling motions of the
Jaw 4 and second jaw 5 open. First jaw 4,
The operation of closing the second jaw 5 is the reverse of the above.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The structure is simple. (2) It is possible to change to a state where cleaning is easy with a simple operation. Moreover, the parts are not lost because they are not disassembled.

(3) In the case of a procedure that does not require pneumoperitoneum, it is possible to use it without incorporating a filling tube.
(Otorhinolaryngology, brain surgery, etc., or laparoscopic surgery by a lifting method, etc.) FIGS. 13 and 14 show a fourth embodiment, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted. To do. The present embodiment shows a structure of forceps that can be easily washed with a simple structure. The opening / closing mechanism 6 of the third embodiment is
This is based on the mechanical principle of the second embodiment.

That is, in the second embodiment, the holding member 11 is connected to the fixed rod 7 instead of the fixed rod 7'having the slot formed at the tip of the rod, and the connecting member is provided at the tip of the operating rod 8. What provided 15 was made into the operation rod 8'similar to the fixed rod 7 '. It is geometrically and mechanically the same as the second embodiment.

The operation of the tip acting portion 1 is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the operation of the insertion portion 2 and the operating portion 9 is the same as that of the third embodiment. Therefore, the same effect as the first to third embodiments can be obtained.

The positional relationship among the first pivot pin 12, the second pivot pin 13, and the third pivot pin 14 will be described. As the origin of the third pivot pin 14, the right direction in the drawing is shown. When the XY coordinate system is set with the X axis as the Y axis and the upward direction as the Y axis, when the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 are in the fully closed state, the first and third pivot pins 14 are It is at the origin (0,0). (It is on the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the insertion portion.

The second and second pivot pins 13 are at coordinates (a, b). 3, The first pivot pin 12 is at the coordinates (≈2a, ≈−b). 4, However, in FIG. 5, θ = tan ⁻¹ (b / a) ≈
It must be 60 °> 45 °.

Therefore, b / a≈√3 = 1.73 or b / a
a> 1 Actually, a = 0.7 when the outer diameter of the insertion part is 5 mm.
~ 0.8 mm, b = 1.2 ~ 1.4 mm, 2a = 1.4 ~ 1.6 m
m.

As a concrete example, in the first embodiment, the coordinates of the third pivot pin 14 are (0,0) and the coordinates of the second pivot pin 13 are (0.8,1.3). The coordinate of the first pivot pin 12 is (1.4, -1.5), and in the second and fourth embodiments, the coordinate of the third pivot pin 14 is (0,0) of the second pivot pin 13. Coordinates are (1,1.4) Coordinates of the first pivot pin 12 are (1.6, -1.4) In the above two embodiments, design values suitable for double-sided forceps that open and close substantially evenly in the vertical direction are shown. . The gripping force (f) described in the effect can be generated by adopting values close to these.

Other than the above, there are also arrangements that exhibit the same function. From the tip, the coordinates of the third pivot pin 14 are (0,0), the coordinates of the second pivot pin 13 are (a, 2b), the coordinates of the first pivot pin 12 are (2a, 0). ) Further, it is also possible to arrange the first and third pivot pins 12 and 14 with the objects to be connected interchanged. The coordinates of the first pivot pin 12 are (−2a, b), the coordinates of the second pivot pin 13 are (−a, 2b), and the coordinates of the third pivot pin 14 are (0 , 0) In the third embodiment, the coordinates of the first pivot pin 12 are (-2b, 0) and the coordinates of the second pivot pin 13 are (-b, a) third in order from the tip. The coordinates of the pivot pin 14 of (0,0) are different from those of the first, second and fourth embodiments in the third embodiment, and the gripping force (f) generated at the tip is as shown in FIG. It is similar to the conventional example.

15 and 16 show the fifth embodiment, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The present embodiment shows an open / close drive mechanism for a single-sided forceps, which is a forceps that can be easily washed with a simple structure.

The movable jaw 17 as the first jaw has a pivot pin 1 with respect to the fixed jaw 18 as the second jaw.
It is rotatably attached by 9. Movable jaw 1
7 and the fixed jaw 18 have cutting blades 17a and 18a, respectively.
Are formed.

Fixed jaw 18 is attached to a tubular sheath (not shown). An inner cavity 18b is formed on the proximal end side of the fixed jaw 18, and the drive member 20 is fitted therein. The operating rod 8 is connected to the drive member 20, and the operating force can be transmitted. An engaging portion 17b that engages with the drive member 20 is formed on the base end side of the movable jaw 17.
The engaging portion 17b is engaged with the engaging portion 20a of the drive member 20, and the engaging portion 17b is further formed with a back surface 17c and an abdominal surface 17d. The engaging portion 20a of the drive member 20 is formed with an upper surface 20b facing the back surface 17c and a lower surface 20c facing the abdominal surface 17d.

Therefore, when a force is applied to the operating rod 8 in the distal direction, the driving member 20 is pushed in the distal direction, and the upper surface 20b
Comes into contact with the back surface 17c and applies a downward force to the engaging portion 17b. By this force, the engaging portion 17b is given a rotational force in the clockwise direction, and rotates about the pivot pin 19 as a fulcrum.
As a result, the movable jaw 17 opens.

In the state of FIG. 16, when a force in the proximal direction is applied to the operating rod 8, the driving member 20 moves in the proximal direction and the lower surface 2 is moved.
0c contacts the abdominal surface 17d and applies an upward force to the engaging portion 17b. Due to this force, the engaging portion 17b is given a rotational force in the counterclockwise direction and rotates about the pivot pin 19 as a fulcrum. As a result, the movable jaw 17 is closed. By repeating the above two operations, the object can be sandwiched and cut.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since no link mechanism is used, the risk of breakage due to excessive force can be avoided. (2) Since the force is transmitted at a position away from the fulcrum on the base end side of the movable jaw when closing the tip of the movable jaw, a large force can be obtained by the lever principle.

17 and 18 show the sixth embodiment, which is a modification of the fifth embodiment. The movable jaw 21 is closed by moving the operation rod 8 toward the proximal end side, and the movable jaw 21 is opened by moving the operation rod 8 toward the distal end side, which is the reverse of the fifth embodiment.

The movable jaw 21 is rotatably attached to the fixed jaw 22 by a pivot pin 23. The movable jaw 21 and the fixed jaw 22 have a cutting blade 21.
a and 22a are formed. Fixed jaw 22 is attached to a tubular sheath (not shown). An inner cavity 22b is formed on the proximal end side of the fixed jaw 22, and a driving member 24 is fitted therein. The operating rod 8 is connected to the drive member 24, and the operating force can be transmitted.

A concave surface 21b and a convex surface 21c of the contact portion with the drive member 24 are formed on the tip end side and the base end side of the pivotal support portion of the movable jaw 21 by the pivotal support pin 23, respectively. Drive member 2
The tip end side of 4 is formed with a corrugated portion 24a which comes into contact with the movable jaw 21 and serves as an opening / closing mechanism. Corrugated portion 24a
The front end side convex surface 24b and the base end side concave surface 24c are formed on the. The contact portion concave surface 21b is in contact with the tip side convex surface 24b, and the contact portion convex surface 21c is in contact with the base end side concave surface 24c.

Therefore, when a force F in the proximal direction is applied to the operating rod 8, the shoulder portion of the tip-side convex surface 24b is moved to the contact portion concave surface 21b.
Abutting against and transmitting a force in the direction normal to the contact surface. This force f serves as a moment for rotating the movable jaw 21 in the clockwise direction with the pivot pin 23 as a fulcrum, and the movable jaw 21 can be rotated.

At this time, the proximal end 21c of the movable jaw 21 does not hinder the rotation of the movable jaw 21 by entering the concave portion between the distal convex surface 24b and the proximal concave surface 24c of the driving member 24.

The above-described operation results in the state shown in FIG.
This is the open state of the forceps. When a force F in the distal direction is applied to the operating rod 8, the concave surface 24c on the proximal end side abuts on the convex surface 21c of the contact portion, and a force f in the normal direction at the contact point is generated. By this force, a moment in the counterclockwise direction is generated in the same manner as described above, and the movable jaw 21 is rotated. By the above operation, the state shown in FIG. 17 is obtained and the forceps are closed.

Therefore, the movement direction of the operation rod required for opening and closing the forceps is opposite to that of the fifth embodiment. Even if a large force is applied when closing the forceps, the operating rod does not break. 19-
FIG. 21 shows a seventh embodiment, which shows a mechanism for adjusting the position of the blade of the forceps, which is configured so that the tips of the pair of jaws of the forceps can be easily aligned.

The movable jaw 25 is supported by a pivot pin 27 with respect to the fixed jaw 26. The movable jaw 25 is rotatably attached to the operation rod 8 by a pivot pin 28. The proximal end side of the fixed jaw 26 is an inner cavity 26d into which the operating rod 8 is inserted.

The movable jaw 25 is fitted into the slot 26e of the fixed jaw 26. A small diameter hole 26f and a large diameter hole 26g are formed coaxially in the fixed jaw 26. A small diameter portion 27b and a large diameter portion 27c are coaxially formed on the pivot pin 27. Further, the pivot pin 27 is formed with an intermediate diameter portion 27a which is eccentric with respect to the small diameter portion 27b and the large diameter portion 27c.

An engagement groove (for example, a minus groove) 27d for rotating is formed in the large diameter portion 27c. The pivot pin 27 has a small diameter portion 27b and / or a large diameter portion 27c after the adjustment is completed.
The fixing jaw 26 and the fixing jaw 26 are fixed by caulking, welding, brazing, welding, or the like.

Therefore, after the movable jaw 25 is fitted into the fixed jaw 26, the pivot pin 27 is attached to the large diameter hole 26g.
Insert from the side. When the movable jaw 25 and the fixed jaw 26 are in the state shown in FIG. 20 (the cutting blade 25a, the respective tip portions 25d, 26d of the cutting blade 26a are aligned), when the large diameter portion 27c is rotated counterclockwise, The part 27a moves to the tip side.

Similarly, when the large diameter portion 27c is rotated clockwise, the medium diameter portion 27a moves to the base end side. This allows
At the tip of the forceps, the tip portion 25d and the inner cavity 26d are adjusted so as to be positioned without a gap and without overlapping.

In the conventional manner, the tip 25d is ground with a grindstone or the like while the pivot pin 27 is fixed or temporarily fixed,
The size is adjusted at the same time as the blade processing. This is a highly skilled and time consuming task. On the other hand, according to the structure of the present embodiment, the position adjustment of the tip of the forceps can be extremely easily performed only by rotating the pivot pin. Moreover, since the blade attachment work can be performed in advance, the blade attachment work can be efficiently performed using a machine instead of manual work.

FIG. 22 shows the eighth embodiment, showing the sectional shape of the blade of the forceps (section AA 'in FIG. 19) to facilitate the polishing work of the blade of the forceps. It is a thing. There is a bottom surface 25e and a side surface 25f that form the cutting blade 25a. The side surface 25f is 0 ° to 3 with respect to the vertical direction.
Make an angle of °.

After the side face 25f, a rounded portion is formed by an R portion 25g. After the R part 25g, the escape part 25h
To form. The escape portion 25h is 0 ° to 3 with respect to the vertical direction.
Make an angle of °.

At the time of the cutting process, conventionally, the surfaces corresponding to the cutting blade 25a and the relief portion 25h have been entirely polished. For this reason, the amount of polishing is large and the work takes time, but in the present embodiment, only the surface of the cutting blade 25a is polished.
In this case, you may grind in parallel with the surface of the cutting blade 25a,
The polishing may be performed at different angles (for example, the vertical direction). Therefore, there is an effect that the working time required for the edging process can be shortened.

23 to 26 show the ninth embodiment,
In the present embodiment, the rod-shaped fixed rod 7 ′ and the operating rod 8 ′, which were two rods in the third embodiment, are replaced by the tubular sheath 7, the operating rod 8 and the holding rod 8 as in the first embodiment. The member 11 is used. In the third embodiment, since the two parallel rods are used, when the handle 9 is operated, the problem that the insertion portion 2 is bent due to the forces acting on the two rods being in opposite directions is solved. It is a thing.

As shown in FIGS. 23 to 26, a slot 4e is formed in the rear end 4d of the first jaw 4 constituting the front end working portion 1.
Is formed and has a bifurcated structure. The rear end 5e of the second jaw 5 is formed with a first fitting portion 5f having a thickness that matches the gap of the slot 4e of the first jaw 4,
It is fitted to e. Further, the slot 4e of the first jaw 4 and the rear end 5e of the second jaw 5 are rotatably supported by the second pivot pin 13 in the first fitting portion 5f.

A second fitting portion 5g is formed on the rear end 5e of the second jaw 5 on the tip side of the first fitting portion 5f. The second jaw 5 is rotatably supported by the holding portion 11e of the holding member 11 by the first pivot pin 12.
The holding portion 11e of the holding member 11 is formed by forming a slot 11f at the tip of the holding member 11 and providing a pivot hole 11g. The thickness of the second fitting portion 5g matches the width of the slot 11f of the holding member 11.

The tubular sheath 7 is provided at the rear end of the holding member 11.
Are connected. Further, the holding portion 11e of the holding member 11
Is an enlarged portion 11h at the tip portion provided with the pivot hole 11g. An insulating tube 29 is covered behind the enlarged portion 11h of the holding member 11. The enlarged portion 11h of the holding member 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter equivalent to that of the insulating tube 29.

The tip of the insulating tube 29 covers most of the holding member 11 as in the first and second embodiments, and is brought close to the vicinity of the first and second jaws 4 and 5. First
The rear end 4d of the jaw 4 is formed with a pivot hole 4f.
Connecting member 15 in which the jaw 4 of FIG.
It is rotatably supported by the third pivot pin 14 at the tip portion 15a of the.

The tip portion 15a of the connecting member 15 has a flat plate shape, and the slot 4 of the rear end 4d of the first jaw 4 is formed.
It is inserted into e and is sandwiched. First to third pivot pins 1
The positional relationship between 2, 13, and 14 is the same as that in the third embodiment. The first to third pivot pins 12, 13, 14 form a triangle, the distance between the first pivot pin 12 and the third pivot pin 14 is long, and the angle in the second pivot pin 13 is obtuse. Is the arrangement. However, in the arrangement coordinates of the first to third pivot pins 12, 13, 14 of the third embodiment, the coordinate (≈−2b, 0) of the first pivot pin 12 is the same in this embodiment. (≒ -2
b, c) It is a little different that a> c ≧ 0. In this case, unlike the method of generating the tip gripping force in the first embodiment, the first and second jaws 4, 5 generate the largest force in the fully opened state, and the first and second jaws 4 5 produces the smallest force when fully closed. However, the tendency is not so extreme. This has the same tendency as that of the force generation mode of the third embodiment.

Next, the operation of the endoscopic forceps constructed as described above will be described. By the opening / closing operation of the handle 9, the operating rod 8 is retracted, and the first jaw 4 is moved.
The first jaw 4 moves the rear end of the second jaw 5 while pivoting itself, and the second jaw 5 pivots about the first pivot pin 12 at the distal end of the tubular sheath 7. . As a result, the first jaw 4 and the second jaw 5 open and close. The closing operation is the reverse of the above.

FIG. 25 shows a state where the operating rod 8 is pulled to bring the first and second jaws 4 and 5 into a fully closed state. First, second
The rear ends of the jaws 4 and 5 act as links, but their positions are within the diameter of the insulating tube 29. The closing movement of the first and second jaws 4 and 5 is stopped when their tips come into contact with each other. FIG. 26 shows the operating rod 8
It shows that the first and second jaws 4 and 5 are fully opened by pressing.

The rear ends of the first and second jaws 4 and 5 are displaced outward, but at the same time, they move forward (toward the front end).
This avoids interfering with the edge of the tip of the insulating tube 29. The opening movement of the first and second jaws 4, 5 is stopped by the rear end 4d of the first jaw 4 and the step portion 5j on the rear end side of the second jaw 5 contacting each other.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) When peeling a film-like object near the fully opened positions of the first and second jaws 4 and 5, the force generated is large and the operation width of the operating portion 3 is large, so a delicate peeling operation is performed. Is possible.

(2) Since the first and second jaws 4 and 5 can be opened and closed without using a link (intermediate link) only for transmitting pure force in the four-bar linkage, the structure is simple. It has high strength, high reliability and low cost.

(3) An opening / closing mechanism is provided on the base end side of the pivot shaft 12 between the first and second jaws 4, 5 and the holding member 11, but there is no interference between the opening / closing mechanism and the insulating tube 29. So
Most of the base end sides of the first and second jaws 4 and 5 can be covered with an insulating material, and electrical safety is high.

(4) Since there is no one protruding outside the first and second jaws 4 and 5 by the opening / closing operation,
When cauterizing an organ, it is safe without cauterizing other organs unexpectedly. In addition, since it does not get caught on the suture thread or the like, the ligation operation in the body cavity becomes easy.

According to the above embodiment, the following structure can be obtained. (Supplementary Note 1) In the forceps for an endoscope, which has an operating portion, an inserting portion connected to the operating portion, and a distal end acting portion including a pair of jaws provided at a distal end portion of the inserting portion, the distal end action A first pivot shaft for pivotally supporting a pair of jaws of the part so as to be rotatable relative to each other, a second pivot shaft for pivotally supporting the holding member at the tip and the first jaw, and A forceps for an endoscope, comprising: an operation force transmission member that transmits an operation force of an operation portion to a tip thereof; and a third pivot shaft that pivotally supports a second jaw.

(Supplementary Note 2) The first pivotal shaft is arranged between the second pivotal shaft and the third pivotal shaft in the insertion axis direction of the insertion portion. The forceps for an endoscope according to appendix 1.

(Supplementary Note 3) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion are pivotally supported so as to be rotatable relative to each other. Then, of the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion, a pivot shaft between the one jaw and a holding member that holds the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion is provided, and among the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion, A forceps for an endoscope, wherein the other jaw is provided with a pivotal shaft between the jaw and a drive member that moves forward and backward by the operation of the operation portion.

(Supplementary Note 4) In the forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion consisting of a pair of jaws, the first jaw is the jaw of the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion. A pivot is provided between itself and the second jaw, and between itself and the drive member, the second jaw being between the self and the retaining member and between itself and the first member. A forceps for an endoscope, characterized in that it has a pivot shaft between each of it and the jaw.

(Supplementary Note 5) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion consisting of a pair of jaws, a base of a first jaw of the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion. Two pivot holes are formed on the end side, two pivot holes are formed on the base end side of the second jaw, and a pivot hole on the tip side of the pivot holes of the first jaw is formed. A pivotal support hole at the front end of the drive member is rotatably connected, and a pivotal support hole on the base end side of the pivotal support holes of the first jaw and a pivotal support hole of the second jaw are connected. Of the pivotal support holes of the second jaw, a lower pivotal support hole of the pivotal support holes of the second jaw and a holding member for holding the pair of jaws of the tip action portion are connected. A forceps for an endoscope, which is rotatably connected to a pivot hole provided at the tip.

(Supplementary Note 6) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an inserting portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a rod-shaped member is used as a supporting member and an operating force transmitting member.
A rod-shaped member that is arranged in parallel and has a cross-sectional shape of the space between the two rod-shaped members is used as a filling member, and is sandwiched by the two rod-shaped members to form an insertion portion, and the support member is provided in the operation portion. It is attached to a fixed handle, the operating force transmitting member is detachably attached to a turning handle of the operating portion, and the operating force transmitting member is removably positioned with respect to the fixed handle so that it can only move forward and backward. Endoscopic forceps.

(Supplementary Note 7) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an inserting portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a rod-shaped member is used as a supporting member and an operating force transmitting member.
A rod-shaped member that is arranged in parallel and has a cross-sectional shape of the space between the two rod-shaped members is used as a filling member, and is sandwiched by the two rod-shaped members to form an insertion portion, and the support member is provided in the operation portion. The support member is attached to a fixed handle, and the operation force transmission member is detachably attached to the turning handle of the operation portion, and the operation force transmission member is detachably positioned with respect to the fixed handle so that only the forward / backward movement is possible. A first jaw of the pair of jaws is rotatably attached to a pivot shaft other than a common pivot shaft with the second jaw of the pair of jaws, and the operation force transmission member includes the first jaw. A forceps for an endoscope, wherein the second jaw is rotatably attached to a pivot shaft other than the common pivot shaft with the first jaw.

(Supplementary Note 8) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a solid conduction mechanism for opening operation is provided above the turning center of the movable jaw. It is characterized in that a solid conduction mechanism for closing operation is provided below the rotation center of the movable jaw (abdominal surface side), and active elements and passive elements of each solid conduction mechanism described above are connected to each other. Endoscopic forceps.

(Supplementary Note 9) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation part, an insertion part, and a tip acting part composed of a pair of jaws, the forceps are driven along the base end part of the movable jaw of the pair of jaws. A member is disposed, an engaging portion with the drive member is provided on the base end side from the turning center of the movable jaw, and an engaging portion that engages with the engaging portion of the movable jaw is provided on the distal end side of the drive member. A forceps for an endoscope, wherein the engaging portion of the movable jaw has a curved rod shape, and the engaging portion of the drive member has an inclined groove shape.

(Supplementary Note 10) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a drive member is provided along the base end portion of the movable jaw of the pair of jaws. Arranged, the engagement portion with the drive member is provided on the base end side from the turning center of the movable jaw, and the engagement portion with the engagement portion of the movable jaw is provided on the tip end side of the drive member.
The engaging portion of the movable jaw has an inclined upper surface and a lower surface substantially parallel to the upper surface, and the engaging portion of the drive member has an inclined upper surface corresponding to the upper surface of the movable jaw. A forceps for an endoscope having a lower surface that is inclined corresponding to the lower surface of the movable jaw.

(Supplementary Note 11) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a solid conduction for opening operation is performed from the turning center of the movable jaw toward the tip side. A feature is that a mechanism is provided, a solid conduction mechanism for closing operation is provided on the base end side from the turning center of the movable jaw, and active elements and passive elements of each solid conduction mechanism described above are connected to each other. Endoscopic forceps.

(Supplementary Note 12) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a drive member is arranged along the movable jaw, and a rotation center of the movable jaw is located above the movable jaw. A concave surface is formed on the distal end side, a convex surface is formed at a position corresponding to the concave surface of the movable jaw of the drive member, and a convex surface is formed on the base end side from the turning center of the movable jaw. A concave surface is formed at a position corresponding to the convex surface of the movable jaw, the concave surface of the movable jaw and the convex surface of the drive member are brought into contact with each other, and the convex surface of the movable jaw and the concave surface of the drive member are brought into contact with each other. The forceps for an endoscope characterized by the above.

(Supplementary Note 13) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a drive member is arranged along the movable jaw, and the driving jaw is placed from the center of rotation of the movable jaw. A concave surface is formed on the distal end side, a convex surface is formed at a position corresponding to the concave surface of the movable jaw of the drive member, and a convex surface is formed on the base end side from the turning center of the movable jaw. In a state where the movable jaw having a concave surface formed at a position corresponding to the convex surface is opened, the convex surface on the proximal end side of the movable jaw is brought into contact with the tip end side end portion of the concave surface of the drive member, The convex surface of the drive member is brought into contact with the base end side end portion of the concave surface on the distal end side of the movable jaw, and the convex surface on the base end side of the movable jaw is in a state in which the movable jaw is closed. , In front of the drive member Is brought into contact with the concave surface of the distal end,
The forceps for an endoscope, wherein the convex surface of the drive member is brought into contact with the proximal end portion of the concave surface on the distal end side of the movable jaw.

(Supplementary Note 14) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an inserting portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, the pair of jaws is composed of a movable jaw and a fixed jaw, An endoscope characterized in that a pivot shaft for rotatably supporting the jaw on the fixed jaw is an eccentric shaft which is eccentrically rotated with respect to the fixed jaw, and the position of the movable jaw with respect to the fixed jaw is variable. Forceps.

(Supplementary Note 15) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, the pair of jaws is composed of a movable jaw and a fixed jaw, The pivot shaft that pivotally supports the jaw on the fixed jaw has one end having a small diameter portion and the other end having a large diameter portion, and the middle portion has an outer diameter larger than the small diameter portion and smaller than the large diameter portion. An endoscope having a medium-diameter portion, an eccentric shaft eccentrically arranged with respect to a common central axis of the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion, and the position of the movable jaw with respect to the fixed jaw being variable. forceps.

(Supplementary Note 16) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operation portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, the pair of jaws is composed of a movable jaw and a fixed jaw, The pivot shaft that pivotally supports the jaw on the fixed jaw has one end having a small diameter portion and the other end having a large diameter portion, and the middle portion has an outer diameter larger than the small diameter portion and smaller than the large diameter portion. A medium-diameter portion, an eccentric shaft arranged eccentrically with respect to a common central axis of the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion, and forming an engagement groove on the end surface of the large-diameter portion of the pivot shaft, A forceps for an endoscope, wherein the forceps can be rotated by a tool such as a screwdriver and the position of the movable jaw with respect to the fixed jaw can be adjusted.

(Supplementary Note 17) In a forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of a pair of jaws, a base of a first jaw of the pair of jaws of the tip acting portion. Two pivot holes are formed on the end side, two pivot holes are formed on the base end side of the second jaw, and a pivot hole on the tip side of the pivot holes of the first jaw is formed. Of the pivotal support holes of the first jaw, the pivotal support hole of the base end side and the pivotal support hole of the second jaw are rotatably connected to the pivotal support holes of the drive member. The upper pivot support hole is rotatably connected, and the lower pivot support hole of the pivot support holes of the second jaw and the holding member for holding the pair of jaws of the tip action portion are provided. A pivot hole provided at the tip is rotatably connected, and the position of the pivot hole on the tip side of the first jaw is used as an origin of coordinates, and an axial base of the insertion portion is used. X-axis on the side, the origin orthogonal as X axis, the coordinates of each pivot hole in the XY coordinate system having a Y-axis extending upward, b / a> 1 and consists of two numbers a,
Using b, the distal pivot hole of the first jaw (0,0) The proximal pivot hole of the first jaw or the upper pivot hole of the second jaw (a, b) The second jaw An endoscopic forceps characterized by having a lower pivot support hole (≈2a, ≈-b).

(Supplementary Note 18) In the forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of first and second jaws, the first and second jaws of the tip acting portion are A first pivot shaft rotatably rotatably supporting each other, an operation force transmission member for transmitting the operation force of the operation portion to the tip, and a second pivot rotatably rotatably supporting the first jaw. An open / close drive mechanism for forceps for an endoscope, comprising: a support shaft; and a third pivot shaft that pivotally supports a holding member at the tip and a second jaw.

(Supplementary Note 19) In the forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion composed of first and second jaws, the first and second jaws of the tip acting portion are A first pivot shaft rotatably rotatably supporting each other, an operation force transmission member for transmitting the operation force of the operation portion to the tip, and a second pivot rotatably rotatably supporting the first jaw. A support shaft, a third support shaft that pivotally supports the holding member at the tip and the second jaw are provided, and the arrangement of the first to third support shafts is changed from the tip to the third. An open / close drive mechanism for forceps for an endoscope, wherein a pivot shaft, a first pivot shaft, and a second pivot shaft are arranged in this order.

(Supplementary Note 20) In the forceps for an endoscope having an operating portion, an insertion portion, and a tip acting portion including first and second jaws, the first and second jaws of the tip acting portion are provided. Among them, two pivot holes are formed on the base end side of the first jaw, and two pivot holes are formed on the base end side of the second jaw.
Of the pivot holes of the jaw of the first jaw is rotatably connected to the pivot hole of the drive member at the tip end portion thereof, and the tip end side of the pivot holes of the first jaw is connected. Pivot hole of the
Of the pivot support holes of the jaw of the second jaw is rotatably connected to the pivot support hole of the second jaw, and the pivot support hole of the tip end side of the pivot support holes of the second jaw and , Pivotally connecting a pivot hole provided at the tip of a holding member holding the first and second jaws, and determining the position of the pivot hole on the base end side of the first jaw in terms of coordinates. Set as the origin and X on the base end side in the axial direction of the insertion part.
Axis, the XY coordinate system having a Y axis that extends orthogonally to the X axis, passing through the origin, and extending upward,
Using the two numbers a and b such that b / a> 1, the tip side pivot hole of the second jaw (≈-2b, c) a> c ≧
0 The tip side pivot hole of the first jaw or the base end side pivot hole of the second jaw (-b, a) is used as the base end side pivot hole (0,0) of the first jaw. Characteristic endoscopic forceps.

[0119]

As described above, according to the present invention, the holding member provided at the distal end portion of the insertion portion is provided with the second member.
Pivots one's jaw against which the first jaw has an operating force
Since the transmission member is pivotally supported, it is orthogonal to the axial direction.
In addition to providing three pivot shafts in the extension direction of the outer diameter width,
With a configuration that transmits the operating force from the operating section only to the first jaw
Therefore, it is possible to provide the forceps for an endoscope, which has no protrusions such as links, has a simple structure, can be easily washed, and has less adverse effects of abrasion of the drive mechanism.

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the entire forceps for an endoscope showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are a plan view and a side view showing a distal end working unit of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end working unit of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of the distal end working unit of the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanical analysis of the distal end working unit of the same embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanical analysis of the distal end working unit of the same embodiment.

7A and 7B are a plan view and a side view, respectively, showing a partial cross-section of a distal end working portion showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

10A and 10B show a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10A is a side view of the entire configuration of the endoscopic forceps, and FIG. 10B is a sectional view taken along line XX ′.

FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a side view of the distal end working portion showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional side view of forceps for an endoscope showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional side view of forceps for an endoscope showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional side view of forceps for an endoscope showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 21 is an operation explanatory view of the same embodiment.

22 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 19 showing the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a plan view, partly in section, of the distal end working portion showing the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a side view showing the distal end working unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 25 is an operation explanatory view of the distal end working unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an operation explanatory view of the distal end working unit of the embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a side view of the distal end working unit of the conventional endoscopic forceps.

FIG. 28 is an operation explanatory view of the conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Tip action part 2 ... insertion part 3 ... Operation part 4 ... the first Joe 5 ... the second Joe 10 ... Connecting member 11 ... Holding member 12 ... Pivot pin (first pivot shaft) 13 ... Pivot pin (second pivot shaft) 14 ... Pivot pin (third pivot shaft)

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Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An operating section, an inserting section connected to the operating section, a holding member provided at the distal end of the inserting section, and a second jaw provided at the distal end of the inserting section. Protection
A first pivot shaft pivotably supported on a holding member, and a second jaw pivotally supported on the first pivot shaft.
A second jaw pivotally supporting the first jaw with respect to each other
And the operating force of the operation part is advanced along the axial direction of the insertion part.
An operation force transmission member that retractably transmits to the distal end side of the insertion portion.
And the first jaw is rotatable with respect to the operating force transmission member.
A forceps for an endoscope, comprising: a third pivot shaft pivotally supported on the. 2. The arrangement of the first to third pivot shafts is arranged in the order of a third pivot shaft, a second pivot shaft, and a first pivot shaft from the distal end side toward the proximal end side. The forceps for an endoscope according to claim 1, wherein 3. The first to third pivot shafts are arranged in the order of a first pivot shaft, a second pivot shaft, and a third pivot shaft from the distal end side toward the proximal end side. The forceps for an endoscope according to claim 1, wherein