JP3436883B2 - Rotation direction switching mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotational direction switching mechanism for converting rotational movement of an input shaft in a fixed direction into reciprocating rotational movement of an output shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a rotation direction switching mechanism of this type, for example, there is one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-54660. This conventional rotation direction switching mechanism is one in which the input shaft is connected to the output shaft. The transmission system is provided with a first input gear meshable with a first drive gear fixed to the input shaft, and a second input gear meshable with a second drive gear fixed to the input shaft, The second input gear is meshed with the passive gear fixed to the output shaft, the first input gear and the second input gear are meshed with each other, and the first drive gear is meshed with the first input gear. When the second drive gear is in the non-meshing state with respect to the second input gear, and when the second drive gear is in the meshing state with the second input gear, A predetermined time during which the meshed state is established and the meshed state is switched, 1 the drive gear and the second drive gear,
Each of the first drive gear and the second drive gear is formed with a tooth portion in a specific region in a part of the circumferential direction so that both the first input gear and the second input gear are in a non-meshing state. When the first drive gear and the second drive gear are both disengaged from the first input gear and the second input gear, the first input gear and the second input gear Rotation restraining means for holding the input gear in a rotation stopped state at a specific phase is provided. Further, the rotation restraining means includes a first drive rotating body and a second drive rotating body fixed to an input shaft, and a first driven rotating body fixed to a transmission shaft supporting the first input gear,
A second driven rotating body fixed to a transmission shaft that supports the second input gear, wherein the first driving gear and the second driving gear are the first input gear and the second input gear. When they are not meshed with each other, they enter into the notch formed in the outer peripheral surface of the first driven rotor and move relative to the arcuate surface of the notch while the first driven rotor is moved. Forming a rotation restricting portion having an arc-shaped restricting surface for preventing the rotation of the first driving gear and the second driving gear with respect to the first input gear and the second input gear. When in the non-engaged state, the second driven rotary body is prevented from rotating while entering the cutout portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second driven rotary body and relatively moving along the arcuate surface of the cutout portion. Forming a rotation restricting portion having an arc-shaped restricting surface, and performing the first drive rotation. And the second driving rotary member, a first
When the drive gear or the second drive gear is in mesh with the first input gear or the second input gear, it forms a rotation permitting portion that allows the rotation of the first driven rotor and the second driven rotor. There is.

The operation of the transmission system of the conventional rotation direction switching mechanism will be described below. (1) When the first drive gear meshes with the first input gear as the input shaft rotates in a fixed direction, Rotation of the first input gear and the second input gear by the rotation restraint means is allowed, and rotation of the input shaft is in a non-meshing state with the first drive gear and the first input gear and the second drive gear. It is transmitted to the passive gear via the two-input gear, and the output shaft rotates in one direction accordingly. (2) With the rotation of the input shaft in a certain direction, the engagement between the first drive gear and the first input gear is released, and thereafter, until the second drive gear engages with the second input gear, The rotation of the first input gear and the second input gear is blocked by the rotation restraining means, and the rotation of the output shaft is stopped for a predetermined time. (3) When the second drive gear meshes with the second input gear as the input shaft rotates in a certain direction, rotation of the first input gear and the second input gear by the rotation restraining means is allowed, The rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the passive gear via the second drive gear and the second input gear, and accordingly, the output shaft rotates in the opposite direction. At this time, the first input gear that is not meshed with the first drive gear is idle-rotated by meshing with the second input gear. (4) With the rotation of the input shaft in a certain direction, the meshing between the second drive gear and the second input gear is released, and then the first drive gear is meshed with the first input gear until the first drive gear meshes with the first input gear. The rotation of the first input gear and the second input gear is blocked by the rotation restraining means, and the rotation of the output shaft is stopped for a predetermined time. By repeating the above (1) to (4), the rotational movement of the input shaft in a certain direction is converted into the reciprocating rotational movement of the output shaft.

[0004]

In the conventional rotation direction switching mechanism described above, the passive gear of the output shaft and the second input gear for reverse rotation are constantly meshed with each other, and the second input gear for reverse rotation is engaged. The first input gear for forward rotation is always meshed with the first input gear, and the first input gear or the second input gear that is not meshed with the first drive gear or the second drive gear fixed to the input shaft is also rotating. Therefore, for example, when the second drive gear and the second input gear for reverse rotation are brought into mesh with each other at the moment when the first drive gear and the first input gear for forward rotation are released, this second input gear The drive gear and the input gear are easily damaged because they are driven and rotated in the normal direction until just before meshing and the large inertia force of both input gears and the passive gear on the output shaft side is received. Therefore, the second drive gear or the first drive gear and the second input gear or the first input are released after the engagement between the first drive gear or the second drive gear and the first input gear or the second input gear is released. The non-meshing state is maintained for a predetermined time until the gear meshes with each other, and the large inertial force acting on the second input gear or the first input gear that meshes next is meshed by the working load. The output shaft must be damped to a state where it does not interfere, and as a result, the output shaft undergoes intermittent reciprocating rotary motion that is always stopped for a predetermined time between forward rotation and reverse rotation. There is a problem that is naturally limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its main problem is to devise a transmission system from the input shaft to the output shaft so that the output shaft can be rotated forward and backward. The point is to provide a rotation direction switching mechanism that can minimize the stop time between the two and also has a wide range of application in which it is easy to set the stop time according to the usage conditions.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a characteristic structure of a rotation direction switching mechanism capable of engaging a transmission system from an input shaft to an output shaft with a drive gear fixed to the input shaft. A forward rotation transmission mechanism including a first output gear capable of meshing with a first input gear and a passive gear fixed to the output shaft, a second input gear capable of meshing with a drive gear of the input shaft, and the second A reverse rotation gear that includes a reverse rotation gear that meshes with an input gear and a second output gear that can mesh with the passive gear of the output shaft is provided, and the drive gear is the first input gear or the second input gear. It is composed of a toothless gear in which tooth portions are formed in a part of a specific region in the circumferential direction so that the second input gear or the first input gear is in a non-meshing state when in a meshed state. , The second input gear is rotated in a specific phase when the first input gear is driven and rotated. Held in a stopped state, and the second
Rotation restricting means for holding the first input gear in a rotation stopped state at a specific phase during driving rotation of the input gear is provided, and further, the first output gear is separated from the first input gear by the second input gear. When meshing with the gear, a non-meshing portion that does not mesh with the tooth portion of the passive gear is formed, and the second output gear is
When the drive gear disengages from the second input gear and meshes with the first input gear, a non-meshing portion that does not mesh with the tooth portion of the passive gear is formed. According to the above characteristic structure, when the tooth portion of the drive gear meshes with the first input gear of the forward rotation transmission mechanism as the input shaft is driven to rotate in the fixed direction, the drive gear rotates in conjunction with the first input gear. The first output gear meshes with the passive gear of the output shaft, and the output shaft rotates in one direction (forward rotation). At this time, the tooth portion of the drive gear and the second input gear of the reverse rotation transmission mechanism are in non-meshing state, and the passive gear and the second output gear are also non-meshing state in the non-meshing portion of the second output gear. In addition, since the second input gear is held in the rotation stop state by the rotation restricting means, the second input gear and the second output gear do not rotate in the meshing area due to inertial force, vibration, etc. The mechanism will be reliably maintained in a stopped state. Further, as the input shaft is driven to rotate in a certain direction, the engagement between the tooth portion of the drive gear and the first input gear is released, and then the tooth portion of the drive gear becomes the second input gear of the reverse rotation transmission mechanism. When meshed, the second output gear that interlocks with the second input gear via the reverse gear meshes with the passive gear of the output shaft, and the output shaft rotates in the opposite direction (reverse rotation).
At this time, the tooth portion of the drive gear and the first input gear of the forward rotation transmission mechanism are in non-meshing state, and the passive gear and the first output gear are also non-meshing state in the non-meshing portion of the first output gear. In addition, since the first input gear is held in the rotation stopped state by the rotation restricting means, the first input gear and the first input gear
The output gear does not rotate in the meshing area due to inertial force, vibration, etc., and the forward rotation transmission mechanism is reliably maintained in the stopped state. Then, by repeating the above, the rotational movement of the input shaft in a certain direction is converted into the reciprocating rotational movement of the output shaft. In particular, in the present invention, the passive gear of the output shaft and the normal rotation transmission mechanism are Since the non-meshed state is selectively revealed between the first output gear and the second output gear of the reverse rotation transmission mechanism, the passive gear and the both output gears are driven until the moment when they are in the non-meshed state. The inertia force of the normal rotation transmission mechanism or the reverse rotation transmission mechanism side that has been applied no longer acts on the output shaft side, and the inertia force on the output shaft side is rapidly attenuated by the work side load to the state where it does not interfere with the next meshing. Can be made. Therefore, from the time when the engagement between the drive gear and the first input gear or the second input gear is released, the drive gear is then moved to the second input gear.
The time required to mesh with the input gear or the first input gear can be shortened as compared with the conventional rotation direction switching mechanism, and moreover, each output gear has a non-meshing portion. By increasing the length of each non-meshing portion in the circumferential direction, conversely, it is possible to lengthen the time from the disengagement of the passive gear to the next meshing. Therefore, it becomes easy to set the stop time between the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the output shaft to the stop time according to the use condition, and as a result,
The range of application of the rotation direction conversion mechanism could be expanded.

The rotation direction switching mechanism according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the rotation restricting means includes one drive rotating body fixed to the input shaft and a transmission shaft supporting the input gears. A driven rotating body fixed to each of them, and
In the drive rotor, among the arcuate recesses formed on the outer peripheral surface of each of the driven rotors, the recesses of the driven rotor on the input gear side that are not meshed with the drive gear are inserted.
A rotation restricting portion having an arcuate restricting surface for preventing rotation of the driven rotating body while relatively moving along the arcuate surface of the recess, and a driven rotating body on the input gear side in mesh with the drive gear. A rotation permitting portion that permits rotation is formed. According to the above-mentioned characteristic configuration, the one driving rotary member fixed to the input shaft prevents rotation of the driven rotary member on the input gear side which is in the non-meshing state with the driving gear and is in the meshing state with the driving gear. Since it is possible to allow rotation of the driven rotating body on the input gear side in FIG.
A dedicated first drive rotor for preventing and allowing rotation of the driven gear on the input gear side and a dedicated second drive rotor for blocking and allowing rotation of the driven rotor on the second input gear side. As compared with the case where the and are fixed, only one driving rotation is required, so that the manufacturing cost of the rotation regulating means can be easily reduced.

The rotation direction switching mechanism according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of rotating bodies abutting on the arcuate surface of the recess of the driven rotating body are freely rotated and circulated on the drive rotating body. The point is that an annular groove for holding is formed. According to the above characteristic configuration, while the rotation of the driven rotating body is blocked, the plurality of rotating bodies held in the annular groove of the driving rotating body contact the arcuate surface of the recess of the driven rotating body, Since it rotates and moves circularly along the annular groove, the drive rotor can be smoothly driven and rotated with less seizure and rattling. Therefore, it is possible to extend the life of the rotation direction switching mechanism and save energy.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rotation direction switching mechanism is characterized in that when the non-meshing portions of the output gears are in the non-meshing state in which they face the tooth portions of the passive gear, the rotation of the passive gears is performed. Is provided, and a rotation restraint means is provided that allows the passive gear to rotate when the first output gear or the second output gear in the non-meshing state is started to rotate. According to the above characteristic configuration, when the non-meshing portions of the both output gears are in the non-meshing state in which they face the tooth portions of the passive gear, a rotational torque for forcibly rotating the output shaft acts on the output shaft. However, since the rotation restraining means prevents the passive gear from rotating, the output shaft does not rotate carelessly. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the work position of the work system connected to the output shaft from being misaligned due to the careless rotation of the output shaft.

According to a fifth aspect of the rotation direction switching mechanism of the present invention, the rotation restraining means attaches an engaging body engaging with the passive gear and an engaging position of the engaging body with the passive gear. At the time of starting the rotation of the elastic biasing body that biases the first output gear or the second output gear in the non-meshing state, the passive gear is moved to the disengagement position against the biasing force of the elastic biasing body. It is composed of moving engagement releasing means.
According to the above characteristic configuration, since the engaging body is engaged with the passive gear and the rotation of the passive gear is stopped, it is not necessary to separately provide the output shaft with the dedicated engaged body with which the engaging body engages. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the rotation restraint means can be easily reduced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the rotation direction switching mechanism is characterized in that the engagement body engages with the tooth portion of the passive gear, and the engagement releasing means reverses the forward rotation transmission mechanism. A rotating member provided in each of the transmission mechanism and each rotating member, when starting rotation of the first output gear or the second output gear in the non-meshing state,
It is a point that a cam surface is formed to press and move the engaging body to the disengagement position against the urging force of the elastic urging body.
According to the above characteristic configuration, the tooth portion originally provided in the passive gear is used to engage the engaging body with the tooth portion,
By utilizing the rotational force of each of the forward rotation transmission mechanism and the reverse rotation transmission mechanism, each of the rotating members provided in each of the transmission mechanisms is driven and rotated to press and move the engagement body to the disengagement position. , The passive gear is processed, it is not necessary to form a portion where the engaging body engages with the passive gear, and further, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated power source for applying power to the disengagement means. The manufacturing cost of the means can be reduced.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [First Embodiment] FIGS.
The rotation direction switching mechanism A of the first embodiment of the present invention that converts the rotational movement of the input shaft 1 in a certain direction into the reciprocating rotational movement of the output shaft 2, and the reciprocating rotational movement of the output shaft 2 in a straight line of the work rod 3. 1 shows a working device in which a motion direction switching mechanism B for converting into a reciprocating motion is incorporated in a case 4, and a case 4 out of the input shaft 1 rotatably supported by the case 4
A drive shaft (not shown) driven and rotated by a motor, a motor, or the like is connected to the connecting portion 1a protruding from the input shaft 1
When the motor is driven and rotated in a fixed direction, the rotation direction switching mechanism A
The work rod 3, which is movably supported by the case 4 via the movement direction switching mechanism B, moves back and forth.

The rotation direction switching mechanism A is a transmission system from the input shaft 1 to the output shaft 2 and is fixed to the input shaft 1 by a drive gear 5.
A forward rotation transmission mechanism 9 having a first output gear 8 capable of meshing with a passive gear 7 fixed to the output shaft 2 and a first input gear 6 capable of meshing with the drive gear 5 of the input shaft 1 Second input gear 10, reverse gear 1 meshing with the second input gear 10
1 and a reverse rotation transmission mechanism 13 including a second output gear 12 capable of meshing with the passive gear 7 of the output shaft 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first input gear 6 and the first output gear 8 are fixed to a first transmission shaft 14 rotatably supported by the case 4, and the second The input gear 10 is fixed to a second transmission shaft 15 rotatably supported by the case 4. Also, the reverse gear 11 and the second
The output gear 12 is fixed to the third transmission shaft 16 rotatably supported by the case 4.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, each of the first input gear 6, the second input gear 10 and the reverse rotation gear 11 has tooth portions 6a, 10a, 11a at a predetermined pitch over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. The drive gear 5 is configured to have a second gear when it is in mesh with the first input gear 6.
Partial specific region in the circumferential direction such that when in the disengaged state with the input gear 10 and in the disengaged state with the second input gear 10, the first input gear 6 is disengaged. The toothless portion 5a is formed with a toothless gear.

The first input gear 6, the second input gear 10, and the reverse rotation gear 11 have the same gear diameter, and
The first output gear 8 and the second output gear are configured to have the same gear diameter, and as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the input shaft 1 is driven to rotate in the clockwise direction in the figure as a fixed direction. When the drive gear 5 meshes with the first input gear 6 as the drive rotates, the first output gear 8 rotates 180 degrees counterclockwise in the figure via the first transmission shaft 14 When the gear 5 meshes with the second input gear 10, the second output gear 12 is configured to rotate 180 degrees clockwise in the figure via the reverse rotation gear 11 and the third transmission shaft 16.

The passive gear 7 is composed of a gear having teeth 7a formed at a predetermined pitch all around, and
The first output gear 8 has a non-meshing portion 17 that does not mesh with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7 when the drive gear 5 disengages from the first input gear 6 and meshes with the second input gear 10. It consists of toothless gears formed in two different places,
In the second output gear 12, the drive gear 5 is the second input gear 1
When the gear is disengaged from 0 and meshes with the first input gear 6, the non-meshing portion 17 that does not mesh with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7 is composed of a toothless gear that is formed at two positions with 180 degrees different phases. . When the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 mesh with each other and the first output gear 8 rotates as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a certain direction, the tooth portion 8a of the first output gear 8 is rotated.
Engages with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7, the passive gear 7 rotates in one direction, and the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6
When the meshing with the first output gear 8 is stopped and the rotation of the first output gear 8 is stopped, the non-meshing portion 17 of the first output gear 8 faces the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7 to rotate the passive gear 7. Stops.
Further, as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a certain direction,
When the drive gear 5 and the second input gear 10 mesh with each other and the second output gear 12 rotates, the tooth portion 12a of the second output gear 12 meshes with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7, and the passive gear 7 moves. The drive gear 5 and the second input gear 10 rotate in one direction.
When the meshing with the second output gear 12 is stopped and the rotation of the second output gear 12 is stopped, the non-meshing portion 17 of the second output gear 12 moves to the passive gear 7
The passive gear 7 stops rotating in opposition to the tooth portion 7a.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, in the rotation direction switching mechanism A, when the first input gear 6 is driven and rotated, the second input gear 10 is in a specific phase, specifically, the second output gear 12 is not meshed. One of the portions 17 is held in a rotation stopped state at a phase opposite to the passive gear 7, and the first input gear 6 is in a specific phase when the second input gear 10 is driven to rotate, specifically, the first output gear 8
A rotation restricting means 18 is provided to hold one of the non-meshing portions 17 of the non-meshing portion 17 in a rotation stopped state in a phase opposite to the passive gear 7.

The rotation restricting means 18 includes a drive rotor 19 fixed to the input shaft 1 and a first driven rotor 20 fixed to the first transmission shaft 14 supporting the first input gear 6. Second
A second driven rotor 21 fixed to a second transmission shaft 15 that supports the input gear 10; and a drive rotor 19 at two locations on the outer peripheral surface of each of the driven rotors 20 and 21. The arc-shaped recess 2 formed by 180 degrees out of phase
3 of the drive gear 5, which is in a non-meshing state with the drive gear 5, enters the recess 23 of one of the driven gears on the input gear side,
The rotation restricting portion 24 having an arcuate restricting surface 24a for preventing the rotation of the driven rotor while relatively moving along the arcuate surface 23a of the driven gear, and the driven rotating body on the input gear side in mesh with the drive gear 5. And a rotation permitting portion 25 that permits the rotation of the.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the rotation permitting portion 25 of the drive rotor 19 is composed of a notch formed on the opposite side of the rotation restricting portion 24, and the rotation of the drive rotation is prevented. The body 19 has an outline shape of ginkgo leaves when viewed in the axial direction. In addition, the radius of the regulation surface 24a of the rotation regulation portion 24 is determined by the arc-shaped surface 23 of the recess 23 of each of the driven rotors 20 and 21.
It is formed to be slightly smaller than the radius of a.

Therefore, even if the drive gear 5 and the driven rotary body on the input gear side which is in mesh with the drive gear 5 rotate together with the drive rotation of the input shaft 1, this driven rotary body The outer peripheral surface between the adjacent recesses 23 and the drive rotor 1
The rotation of the driven rotating body is allowed without coming into contact with the outer surface 25a of the rotation allowing portion 25 of No. 9. When the drive gear 5 rotates as the input shaft 1 rotates, the rotation of the drive rotor 19 is restricted in the recess 23 of the driven rotor on the input gear side that is not meshed with the drive gear 5. Part 24
When the regulating surface 24a of the driven rotor is brought into contact with the arcuate surface 23a of the concave portion 23 of the driven rotor and the regulating surface 24a of the rotation regulating portion 24 of the drive rotor 19, the rotation of the driven rotor is stopped. .

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, in the rotation direction switching mechanism A, the non-meshing portion 17 of both output gears 8 and 12 is in a non-meshing state in which it faces the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7. At this time, there is provided a rotation restraining means 26 which prevents the passive gear 7 from rotating and allows the passive gear 7 to rotate when the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 in the non-meshing state starts to rotate. .

The rotation restraining means 26 includes an engagement body 27 that engages with the passive gear 7, and a coil spring 28 as an elastic biasing body that biases the engagement body 27 to an engagement position with the passive gear 7. When the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 in the non-meshed state is started to rotate, the passive gear 7 is moved to the disengagement position against the biasing force of the coil spring 28. I am doing it. Further, the engagement body 27
Is to engage with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7, and the engaging portion 27a of the engaging body 27 is formed in a substantially V-shaped recess so as to engage with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7. The engagement releasing means 29 is a disc-shaped first rotating member 30 fixed to the first transmission shaft 14 constituting the forward rotation transmission mechanism 9, and the third transmission shaft 16 constituting the reverse rotation transmission mechanism 13. And a disc-shaped second rotating member 31 fixed to the rotating member 30. Each of the rotating members 30, 31 has a concave portion 32 formed at a portion having a phase difference of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction. Members 30, 31
The concave portions 32 of the first output gear 8 and the second output gear 12
Are in a non-meshing state, the coil springs 28 are arranged so as to allow the movement of the engaging body 27 to the engaging position by the biasing force of the coil spring 28, and the concave portions 32 are in a non-meshing state. A cam surface 33 is formed to push and move the engagement body 27 to the disengagement position against the biasing force of the coil spring 28 when the rotation of the certain first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 is started.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the movement direction switching mechanism B is rotatably supported by the case 4 in a posture substantially orthogonal to the output shaft 2 of the rotation direction switching mechanism A. The rotating shaft 34, the pinion gear 35 fixed to the rotating shaft 34, and the working rod 3 including the rack 36 with which the tooth portion 35a of the pinion gear 35 meshes. The shaft 2 and the rotary shaft 34 are interlockingly connected via a pair of spiral gears 37.

In the working device constructed as described above, the drive gear 5 is driven as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in the fixed direction.
The tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 are engaged with each other at the moment when the tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 is disengaged from the second input gear 10, and the first rotating member 30 and the first output gear 8 are engaged with each other. When the rotation is started, the cam surface 33 of the first rotating member 30 pushes the engaging body 27 to the disengagement position against the biasing force of the coil spring 28, and the tooth portion 8a of the first output gear 8 The engagement with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7 is started, the passive gear 7 disengaged from the engagement body 27 rotates in one direction, and the output shaft 2 rotates in one direction accordingly. Further, as the output shaft 2 rotates in one direction, the rotating shaft 34 rotates in one direction via the pair of spiral gears 37, and the work rod 3 moves through the pinion gear 35 and the rack 36. Move forward and backward in the direction of. At this time, the drive gear 5 is
The second input gear 10 is in a non-meshing state with the input gear 10, and the rotation restricting means 18 holds the second input gear 10 in a non-meshing state, and the second output gear 12 also has a non-meshing portion 1 thereof.
7 is held in a non-meshing state in which the teeth 7 a of the passive gear 7 face each other.

Further, when the tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 are disengaged from each other as the toothed portion 5a of the drive gear 5 is disengaged as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a certain direction. Second
When the input gear 6 meshes with each other and the second rotary member 31 and the second output gear 12 start to rotate, the cam surface 33 of the second rotary member 31 resists the engagement body 27 against the biasing force of the coil spring 28. The second output gear 1 while pressingly moving to the disengagement position.
The meshing between the tooth portion 12a of the second gear 12a and the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7 is started, and the passive gear 7 that is disengaged from the engaging body 27 rotates in the opposite direction, and accordingly, the output shaft 2 reverses. Rotate in the direction. Further, as the output shaft 2 rotates in the reverse direction, the rotary shaft 34 rotates in the reverse direction via the pair of spiral gears 37, and the work rod 3 moves through the pinion gear 35 and the rack 36. Move back along the direction of movement. That is, as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a certain direction,
The tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 is momentarily disengaged from the tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 or the second input gear 10.
a and the second input gear 10 or the first input gear 6 mesh with each other,
Moreover, since the second output gear 12 or the first output gear 8 and the passive gear 7 are configured to mesh with each other, the drive rotation of the input shaft 1 in a certain direction is changed between the forward rotation and the reverse rotation. It can be converted into a substantially continuous reciprocating rotary motion of the output shaft 2 with almost no stop time, whereby the working rod 3 can be continuously reciprocated.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
On the tip side of the work rod 3 protruding outward from the
By fixing a file as an example of the working tool 38 and rotating the input shaft 1 at a high speed in a certain direction, the file can be continuously reciprocated at a high speed. That is, the working device can be used as a filer.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the drive rotor 19 is divided into two parts, and the recesses 2 of the driven rotors 20 and 21 are formed between the divided surfaces.
An annular groove 40 for holding a plurality of spherical bodies 39 as a plurality of rotating bodies abutting on the arcuate surface 23a of No. 3 so as to be rotatable and circulatively rotatably formed, and the driven rotating bodies 20, 21
A guide groove 41 having an arcuate cross section that fits into the spherical body 39 may be formed on the arcuate surface 23a of the recess 23.
In this case, although the drawings corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 7 are not shown, it is needless to say that the drawings corresponding to FIGS. An annular groove 40 is provided for holding so as to circulate and roll, and the arcuate surface 23 of the recess 23 of each driven rotor 20, 21 is provided.
A guide groove 41 having an arcuate cross section that fits into the sphere 39 is provided in a.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 10 to 11 show another embodiment of the rotation direction changing mechanism of the working apparatus of the first embodiment, in which the input shaft 1 is a fixed direction in the clockwise direction in the drawing. When the drive gear 5 meshes with the first input gear 6 in association with the drive rotation, the first output gear 8 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise in the drawing via the first transmission shaft 14. When the engagement between the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 is released, the drive gear 5 is in a non-engaged state with respect to both the input gears 6 and 10 while it is rotated by a predetermined angle (for a predetermined time). After that, when the drive gear 5 meshes with the second input gear 10, the second output gear 12 rotates 90 degrees clockwise in the drawing via the reverse rotation gear 11 and the third transmission shaft 16, and the drive gear 5 When the engagement between the drive gear 5 and the second input gear 10 is released, the drive gear 5 While it rotates a predetermined angle (predetermined time), it is in a non-meshing state with respect to both the input gears 6 and 10, and thereafter, the drive gear 5 and the drive gear 5 are engaged so that the drive gear 5 again meshes with the first input gear 6. The input gears 6 and 10 are configured.

In the first output gear 8, the drive gear 5 is the first
When disengaging from the input gear 6 and meshing with the second input gear 10, the non-meshing portion 17 that does not mesh with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7
Is composed of toothless gears which are formed at four locations with different phases by 90 degrees, and the second output gear 12 has the drive gear 5 as the second gear.
When disengaging from the input gear 10 and meshing with the first input gear 6, the non-meshing portion 17 that does not mesh with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7
Is composed of toothless gears which are formed at four positions with different phases by 90 degrees. Then, when the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 mesh with each other and the first output gear 8 rotates as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a certain direction, the tooth portion 8a of the first output gear 8 becomes The passive gear 7 rotates in one direction by meshing with the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7, and the mesh between the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 is released to stop the rotation of the first output gear 8. Then, the non-meshing portion 17 of the first output gear 8 faces the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7, and the rotation of the passive gear 7 stops.

In the rotation direction switching mechanism A, when the first input gear 6 is driven and rotated, the second input gear 10 has a specific phase, more specifically, one of the non-meshing portions 17 of the second output gear 12 faces the passive gear 7. The rotation of the second input gear 10 is stopped in the opposite phase, and the first input gear 6 is in a specific phase when the second input gear 10 is driven and rotated. Specifically, one of the non-meshing portions 17 of the first output gear 8 is set to the passive gear 7. There is provided a rotation restricting means 18 which holds the rotation in a stopped state in opposite phases.

The rotation restricting means 18 includes a driving rotary body 19 fixed to the input shaft 1 and a first driven rotary body 20 fixed to the first transmission shaft 14 supporting the first input gear 6. Second
A second driven rotor 21 fixed to a second transmission shaft 15 that supports the input gear 10; and a drive rotor 19 at four locations on the outer peripheral surface of each of the driven rotors 20 and 21. And the arc-shaped recess 23 formed with a 90 ° phase difference.
Among these, the driven gear is driven into rotation by moving into the recess 23 of one of the driven gears on the input gear side that is not meshed with the drive gear 5 and relatively moving along the arcuate surface 23a of the recess 23. A rotation restricting portion 24 having an arc-shaped restricting surface 24a for blocking and a rotation permitting portion 25 permitting the rotation of the driven gear on the input gear side that is in mesh with the drive gear 5 are formed.

The rotation direction switching mechanism A prevents rotation of the passive gear 7 when the non-meshing portion 17 of both output gears 8 and 12 is in the non-meshing state in which it faces the tooth portion 7a of the passive gear 7. Further, there is provided a rotation restraint means 26 that allows the passive gear 7 to rotate when the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 in the non-meshing state starts to rotate.

As in the first embodiment, the rotation restraining means 26 has an engaging body 27 that engages with the passive gear 7 and an elastic member that urges the engaging body 27 to the engaging position with the passive gear 7. At the start of rotation of the coil spring 28 as the biasing member and the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 in the non-meshed state,
The passive gear 7 is composed of an engagement releasing means 29 for moving to an engagement releasing position against the biasing force of the coil spring 28. Further, a concave portion 32 is formed in each of the rotating members 30 and 31 constituting the disengagement means 29 at a portion having a 90 ° phase difference in the circumferential direction, and the concave portions 32 of both rotating members 30 and 31 are formed. , When the first output gear 8 and the second output gear 12 are both in the non-meshing state, the coil spring 28 is arranged so that the biasing force of the coil spring 28 allows the engagement body 27 to move to the engagement position. Together with the recesses 3
2, a cam surface 33 for pressing and moving the engagement body 27 to the disengagement position against the biasing force of the coil spring 28 at the time of starting the rotation of the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 in the non-meshing state. Has been formed.

That is, as the input shaft 1 is driven and rotated in a fixed direction, the tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 and the first input gear 6 are rotated.
Alternatively, the drive gear 5 may be operated for a predetermined time from the time when the engagement with the second input gear 10 is released to the time when the tooth portion 5a of the drive gear 5 is engaged with the second input gear 10 or the first input gear 6. Since the non-meshing state between the tooth portion 5a and both input gears 6 and 10 is maintained, and the non-meshing state between both output gears 8 and 12 and the passive gear 7 is maintained during that period,
The drive rotation of the input shaft 1 in a certain direction can be converted into an intermittent reciprocating rotary motion of the output shaft 2 which always stops for a predetermined time between the forward rotation and the reverse rotation, whereby work is performed. The rod 3 can be intermittently reciprocated.

The other construction is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same constructions or constructions having the same functions as the constructions described in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. .

In the second embodiment, the first
As described in the embodiment, a plurality of spheres 39 as a plurality of rotating bodies that are in contact with the driving rotating body 19 and the arcuate surfaces 23a of the recesses 23 of the driven rotating bodies 20 and 21 are rotatable and circulatively rollable. And an arcuate surface 23a of the recess 23 of each of the driven rotors 20 and 21.
Alternatively, a guide groove 41 having an arcuate cross section that fits into the sphere 39 may be formed.

[Other Embodiments] (1) In each of the above-described embodiments, the length of each non-meshing portion 17 of each of the output gears 8 and 12 in the circumferential direction is increased so that the passive gear 7 is After the meshing with the first output gear 8 or the second output gear 12 is released, next, the passive gear 7
The time until it meshes with the second output gear 12 or the first output gear 8 may be increased. (2) In each of the above-described embodiments, the forward rotation transmission mechanism 9 includes the first input gear 6, the first output gear 8 and the first transmission shaft 14, and the reverse rotation transmission mechanism 13 includes the second input gear. 10, a reverse rotation gear 11, a second output gear 12, and a second transmission shaft 15
And the third transmission shaft 16, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the rotation direction of the first output gear 8 and the rotation direction of the second output gear 12 are different. The configurations of the forward rotation transmission mechanism 9 and the reverse rotation transmission mechanism 13 can be appropriately changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a developed cross-sectional view of a working device including a rotation direction switching mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of a rotation direction switching mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of a movement direction switching mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism, in which (a) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and (b) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the driving gear;
(C) is a plane sectional view of a portion corresponding to the rotation restricting means.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism, where (a) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and (b) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the driving gear;
(C) is a plane sectional view of a portion corresponding to the rotation restricting means.

6A and 6B are exploded views showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism, in which FIG. 6A is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and FIG.
(C) is a plane sectional view of a portion corresponding to the rotation restricting means.

FIG. 7 is an exploded view showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism, wherein (a) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and (b) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the drive gear;
(C) is a plane sectional view of a portion corresponding to the rotation restricting means.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in a state where an annular groove is formed in the drive rotating body and a plurality of rotating bodies are held in the annular groove.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged plan view of an essential part in a state where an annular groove is formed in a drive rotating body and a plurality of rotating bodies are held in the annular groove.

FIG. 10 is an exploded view showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and (b) is a drive gear. Plan cross-sectional view of the corresponding part

FIG. 11 is an exploded view showing an operating state of the rotation direction switching mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan sectional view of a portion corresponding to the passive gear and the rotation restraining means, and (b) is a drive gear. Plan cross-sectional view of the corresponding part

[Explanation of symbols]

1 input axis 2 output shaft 5 drive gear 5a teeth 6 First input gear 7 Passive gear 7a Teeth 8 First output gear 9 Forward rotation transmission mechanism 10 Second input gear 11 Reverse gear 12 Second output gear 13 Reverse rotation transmission mechanism 14 First transmission shaft 15 Second transmission shaft 17 Non-meshing part 18 Rotation restriction means 19 Drive rotor 20 First driven rotor 21 Second driven rotor 23 recess 23a Arc surface 24 Rotation restriction part 25 rotation allowance section 26 Rotation restraint means 27 Engagement body 28 Elastic biasing body (coil spring) 29 Disengagement means 30 First rotating member 31 Second rotating member 33 Cam surface 39 Rotating body (sphere) 40 annular groove

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Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A transmission system from an input shaft to an output shaft, wherein a first input gear engageable with a drive gear fixed to the input shaft and a first gear engageable with a passive gear fixed to the output shaft. A forward rotation transmission mechanism having one output gear, a second input gear that can mesh with the drive gear of the input shaft, a reverse gear that meshes with the second input gear, and a passive gear of the output shaft can mesh. A reverse rotation transmission mechanism having a second output gear is provided, and when the drive gear is in a meshed state with the first input gear or the second input gear, the drive gear is not meshed with the second input gear or the first input gear. So as to be in a state, a toothless gear is formed in which a tooth portion is formed in a part of a specific region in the circumferential direction, and the second input gear is stopped in a specific phase when the first input gear is driven and rotated. State, and the first input gear when the second input gear is driven to rotate. Is provided with a rotation restricting means for holding the rotation stop state in a specific phase, and further, the first output gear is
When the drive gear disengages from the first input gear and meshes with the second input gear, a non-meshing portion that does not mesh with the tooth portion of the passive gear is formed, and the second output gear includes the non-meshing portion. A rotation direction switching mechanism that forms a non-meshing portion that does not mesh with the tooth portion of the passive gear when disengaging from the two-input gear and meshing with the first input gear. 2. The rotation restricting means includes one drive rotating body fixed to the input shaft, and driven rotating bodies fixed to the transmission shafts supporting the input gears, respectively. ,
In the drive rotor, among the arcuate recesses formed on the outer peripheral surface of each of the driven rotors, the recesses of the driven rotor on the input gear side that are not meshed with the drive gear are inserted.
A rotation restricting portion having an arcuate restricting surface for preventing rotation of the driven rotating body while relatively moving along the arcuate surface of the recess, and a driven rotating body on the input gear side in mesh with the drive gear. The rotation direction switching mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation allowing portion that allows rotation. 3. The driving rotary body is formed with an annular groove for holding a plurality of rotary bodies abutting on the arcuate surface of the concave portion of the driven rotary body so as to be rotatable and rotatably rotatably. Rotation direction switching mechanism. 4. When the non-meshing portions of the both output gears are in non-meshing states facing the tooth portions of the passive gear, the passive gears are prevented from rotating and the non-meshing portions are in the non-meshing state. 4. The rotation direction switching mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a rotation restraining means for allowing the passive gear to rotate when the rotation of the first output gear or the second output gear is started. 5. The rotation restraint means is in an unmeshed state with an engagement body that engages with the passive gear, an elastic biasing body that biases the engagement body to an engagement position with the passive gear. An engagement releasing means for moving the passive gear to an engagement releasing position against an urging force of the elastic urging body at the time of starting the rotation of the first output gear or the second output gear. 4. The rotation direction switching mechanism described in 4. 6. The engagement body engages with a tooth portion of the passive gear, and the engagement releasing means is composed of a rotating member provided in each of the forward rotation transmission mechanism and the reverse rotation transmission mechanism. , Each of the rotating members, when starting rotation of the first output gear or the second output gear in the non-meshing state,
6. The rotation direction switching mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a cam surface is formed that pushes and moves the engagement body to an engagement release position against the biasing force of the elastic biasing body.