JP3436900B2 - Manure spreader - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader for spreading fertilizer such as chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and compost, which is an impeller type (broadcaster) in which fertilizer is spread by an impeller rotating on a vertical axis. Of the type of fertilizer spreader.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The fertilizer spreader of the above-mentioned form is usually shown in FIG.
As described in 1 above, on the upper surface side of the mission case M formed so as to be mounted on a towed type vehicle that is connected to and pulled by a towing vehicle such as a vehicle or a tractor that runs by itself,
A central drive shaft 2 that is rotated by being decelerated by the rotational power transmitted from the input shaft 1 to the transmission mechanism D in the transmission case M, and an outer cylinder shaft 3 that rotates at a constant or increased speed relative to the input shaft 1. Are provided in the form of double shafts aligned with the same axis in the vertical direction, and the upper end side of the outer cylinder shaft 3 that rotates at a constant speed or increased speed is arranged on the upper surface side of the mission case M. Impeller 4 stored in an impeller case C mounted on the aircraft
The upper end side of the central drive shaft 2 which is connected to the shaft center portion of the above and rotates at a reduced speed is thrust into the hopper H which is positioned above the impeller cover C and mounted on the machine body, and is inserted into the hopper H. When the fertilizer is put into the hopper H and the central drive shaft 2 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 are rotated by the drive of the input shaft 1, the fed fertilizer is It is agitated by the agitator 5 which is rotated by the central drive shaft 2 and is fed out from the delivery port h at the bottom of the hopper H into the impeller cover C, where it is oscillated by the impeller 4 which is rotated by the outer cylinder shaft 3, The impeller cover C is adapted to be sprayed and discharged from a discharge port provided in a peripheral wall portion of the impeller cover C.

A transmission mechanism D for transmitting rotational power from the input shaft 1 to the central drive shaft 2 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 includes a gear G1 and a gear G for decelerating the central drive shaft 2 relative to the input shaft 1.
2 and a gear G3 and a gear G4 for rotating the outer cylinder shaft 3 at a constant speed or an increased speed with respect to the input shaft 1.
The clutch 11 for "engaging" and "disengaging" the transmission with the input shaft 1 by operating the clutch lever 10 in the transmission mechanism d2 to the outer cylinder shaft 3 separately from the transmission mechanism d2.
Further, when the one-way clutch 12 is provided between the central drive shaft 2 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 and the clutch 11 is “engaged”, the central drive shaft 2 provided with the agitator 5 becomes the input shaft 1. On the other hand, the outer cylinder shaft 3 provided with the impeller 4 is rotated at a constant speed or increased in speed with respect to the input shaft 1 when the clutch 11 is "disengaged". The drive shaft 2 decelerates and the outer cylinder shaft 3 provided with the impeller 4 follows the central drive shaft 2 by the one-way clutch 12 to decelerate and rotate.

[0004]

In the fertilizer spreader of the above-mentioned form, a desired fertilizer is selected from the chemical fertilizers such as granular fertilizer and powdered fertilizer and the organic fertilizers such as compost as the fertilizer to be sprayed. At this time, to change the operating state of the agitator that rotates in the hopper by the central shaft and the operating state of the impeller that rotates by the outer cylinder shaft so as to adapt to the properties of the fertilizer, In the transmission path that drives the outer cylinder shaft, which is the drive shaft of the impeller, a clutch that performs "on" and "off" operations by operating the clutch bar is provided, so that change adjustment can be performed. Therefore, there is a problem that the volume of the mission case for accommodating the power transmission mechanism becomes large and the handling becomes inconvenient.

Further, in order to change and adjust the operating states of the agitator and the impeller according to the properties of the fertilizer to be sprayed, the central shaft which is connected to the agitator and rotates at a reduced speed is held in a constant state, The center of the transmission clutch to the input shaft of the outer cylinder shaft that is connected to the vehicle and is rotated at a constant speed or increased speed by turning the clutch on or off by operating the clutch to rotate at a constant speed or increased speed and a decelerated rotation. Since it is configured to switch to a state in which it follows the shaft and rotates, the impeller needs to have a sufficient centrifugal force to disperse organic fertilizer such as compost, so that the impeller can rotate at a constant speed or speed up. The agitator, which is rotated in the hopper, rotates at a low speed to prevent the bridge in the hopper, and in the case of granular fertilizer or soil improver that does not easily cause the bridge, stop the rotation of the agitator. If the postal grains shatterproof is desired is a problem which can not adapt.

Further, when the above-mentioned organic fertilizer such as compost or the soil conditioner is sprayed, it is desirable not to rotate the agitator rotating in the hopper, but the agitator facing the feeding port at the bottom of the hopper is constantly decelerated and rotated. It is desirable to do so. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to achieve such a state.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in a conventional broadcaster-type fertilizer spreader, in which the rotational power from the input shaft is erected from the upper surface side of the mission case. In order to reduce the volume of the transmission case, the impeller is not provided with a clutch mechanism in order to transmit the power to the protruding central shaft and outer cylinder shaft. The agitator, which is arranged to rotate in the hopper, can be turned on / off as desired while being kept in a state of being rotated at a constant speed or increased speed at all times, and moreover, it faces the feeding port at the bottom of the hopper. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new means for constantly decelerating and rotating the agitator thus provided.

[0008]

In the means of the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, an upright central drive shaft 2 and an outer cylindrical shaft for rotating the outer periphery of the central drive shaft coaxially are provided on the upper surface side. 3 is mounted on a frame F of the fuselage, an impeller cover C for accommodating the impeller 4 is arranged above the mission case M, and a hopper H is arranged above the impeller cover C. In the hopper H, the upper end side of the outer cylinder shaft 3 is connected to the axial center portion of the impeller 4, and the upper end side of the central drive shaft 2 is extended upward. The hopper H
An agitator 5 for stirring the inside is provided, and a transmission mechanism D for transmitting the rotational power input from the input shaft 1 to the central drive shaft 2 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 is housed in the mission case M. In the fertilizer spreader A, in the transmission case M, the transmission mechanism d1 for decelerating and rotating the central drive shaft 2 with respect to the input shaft 1 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 for rotating at a substantially constant speed or speed with respect to the input shaft 1. A transmission mechanism d2 is provided for extending the upper end side of the central drive shaft 2 upward so as to project into the hopper H, and the upper extension 2a is provided on the outer periphery of the upper extension 2a.
Of the sheath tube 20 having a length of substantially the entire length, is rotatably fitted in the shaft tube 20. The shaft tube 20 has an upper end portion 200 which is vertically separated from a main body portion 201, and a connecting flange provided at the separated ends. 22 and 23 are joined together and closed and connected by a shear pin 24, and an agitator 5 for stirring which rotates in the hopper H is attached to the peripheral surface of the main body 201 of the shaft cylinder 20, and the upper end of the shaft cylinder 20. Between the part 200 and the upper end side of the upper extension 2a of the central drive shaft 2, there is provided a fertilizer spreader characterized in that a clutch K for "turning on" and "turning off" transmission of rotational power to the agitator 5 is provided. It is something to raise.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A broadcaster-type fertilizer sprayer according to the present invention is a self-propelled machine or a towed machine that is connected to a towing vehicle such as a tractor to travel, and a mission case. Mounted on the top side of it,
A central drive shaft that rotates with a vertical shaft core line and an outer cylinder shaft that rotates coaxially around the shaft are vertically supported in a double shaft form and supported axially, and an input shaft provided in the transmission case is provided inside the case. The rotary power input to the drive shaft is decelerated and transmitted to the central drive shaft, and a power transmission mechanism that transmits it to the outer cylinder shaft at a constant or increased speed is incorporated. The clutch mechanism for turning on and off is not provided, and thereby the volume of the mission case can be reduced.

An impeller cover for accommodating a rotating impeller is mounted on the upper surface side of the mission case, and a hopper for charging fertilizer to be sprayed is mounted above the impeller cover.

The upper ends of the central drive shaft and the outer cylinder shaft that are vertically erected on the upper surface side of the above-mentioned mission case are erected on the upper cylinder side of the outer cylinder shaft. The impeller is connected to the upper surface side of the bottom plate of the cover or to the axial center portion of the impeller to be arranged in the impeller cover, and the impeller is driven to rotate at a constant speed or an increased speed with respect to the input shaft.

In addition, in the central drive shaft, the central axis of the impeller and the axial center of the impeller cover are penetrated into the inner cavity of the hopper, and the upper end of the central drive shaft is attached to the upper surface of the hopper. The bearing support member that can be bridged over the side opening is pivotally supported through the bearing.

The upper extension of the central drive shaft, which is projected into the hopper, has the outer periphery of most of the remaining lower end.
A shaft cylinder formed in a sheath cylinder shape is fitted and inserted, and a bushing or a bearing such as a bearing is interposed between the inner peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder and the outer peripheral surface of the upper extension of the central drive shaft to rotate the shaft. An agitator for stirring, which rotates the inside of the hopper via a stay, is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder.

A clutch is provided between the barrel and the central drive shaft to "turn on" and "turn off" transmission of rotational power between them.

In this clutch, a clutch pin penetrating the shaft cylinder and an upward extension portion projecting into the hopper of the central drive shaft is freely inserted and removed, and the transmission of the rotational power is made "on" by the clutch pin. The transmission of rotational power may be simplified by pulling out the clutch pin.

This clutch also has its "entrance"
It is effective to provide the “cutting” operation at a position near the upper end side of the shaft cylinder and the upper end side of the upward extension of the central drive shaft so that the “cutting” operation can be performed easily from the opening on the upper surface of the hopper.

In this clutch, the upper extension of the central drive shaft that projects into the hopper is formed separately from the base end of the central drive shaft at the position where it rises from the mission case and faces the bottom of the hopper. The lower end side of the central drive shaft is detachably connected to the upper end of the base end of the central drive shaft through a shaft joint, and the upper end side of the upper extension is connected to the opening on the upper side of the hopper. A bearing supported by a provided bearing support member is rotatably and axially supported by a bearing, and the upper extension is fitted with a stay on the shaft cylinder while the shaft cylinder is fitted on the outer periphery thereof. The transmission may be "cut off" by removing the whole agitator attached in the above manner from the shaft joint portion.

Further, in the feeding agitator provided so as to face the upper surface of the fertilizer feeding port at the bottom of the hopper, the above-mentioned separate extension is connected at the base end of the central drive shaft. Even when the shaft extension is attached to a position lower than the shaft joint and the upper extension is removed, the feeding agitator can be continuously decelerated by the central drive shaft.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the constituent members having the same effects as those of the conventional means.

FIG. 2 is a fertilizer spreader A for implementing the means of the present invention.
Is a side sectional view of FIG.
C indicates an impeller cover mounted on the upper surface side of the impeller cover, and H indicates a hopper arranged and mounted above the impeller cover C.

The fertilizer spreader A of this embodiment is constructed as a towed type that is connected and mounted on the rear side of the tractor body via a three-point link hitch, and is driven by the tractor. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the case M is a frame having, at the front end side, connecting hitches 60 and 61 for connecting the lower link and the top link of the three-point link hitch mounted on the rear surface side of the tractor body. It is mounted on an assembly seat 62 provided on F, and the hopper H is mounted on a mounting base 63 provided on the frame F. Further, the impeller cover C is mounted on the frame F by suspending and supporting the top plate 70 of the impeller cover C on a cover supporting metal fitting 71 provided around the bottom of the hopper H, and a spray port on the rear surface side. 72 is formed.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 2 denotes a central drive shaft axially supported so as to stand upright on the upper surface side of the transmission case M. The input shaft 1 axially supported by the transmission case M, a small diameter gear G1 and a large diameter gear G2 are provided. It is transmitted by the transmission mechanism d1 including and is decelerated and rotated with respect to the input shaft 1.

Referring again to FIG. 2, reference numeral 2a denotes an upward extension portion projecting into the hopper H on the upper end side of the central drive shaft 2.
It is formed separately from the base end portion 2b located at the bottom of the hopper H on the lower end side of the center drive shaft 2, and is formed separately from the base end portion 2b of the center drive shaft 2. , And is connected detachably via the shaft joint a.

The upper extension 2 of the central drive shaft 2
The upper end of the a is an opening 80 on the upper surface side of the hopper H.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a bearing 82 supported by a bearing support member 81 bridged in a bridge shape is rotatably and detachably supported, and the lower end side thereof is the above-mentioned shaft joint. It can be taken out from the hopper H by removing it from the base end portion 2b by a and pulling out the upper end side from this bearing 82.

Reference numeral 20 denotes an upward extension 2 of the central drive shaft 2.
It is a sheath-cylindrical shaft cylinder that is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of a via bushes 21 and 21 and is formed to have a length that extends over substantially the entire length of the upper extension portion 2a. , The main body 201 is vertically separated, joined by the joint flanges 22 and 23 provided at the separated ends, and the joint flanges 22 and 23 are closed and joined by the shear pin 24 to integrally join them. There is.

A clutch pin k, which constitutes a clutch K, is inserted into the upper end portion 200 separated from the upper end portion of the upper extension 2a of the central drive shaft 2 so as to be freely inserted and removed. , The transmission between the shaft cylinder 20 and the upper extension 2a of the central drive shaft 2 becomes "on" by the insertion thereof, and the transmission is "disconnected" by pulling out the clutch pin k.
It is designed to be

Further, in the main body portion 201 of the shaft cylinder 20,
An agitator 5.5 for stirring, which rotates along the inner wall surface of the hopper H, is attached to the outer periphery of the agitator 5 via a stay 25. The rotation operation of the agitator 5.5 is caused by the above-mentioned removal and insertion of the clutch pin k. By turning on and off the rotary power,
It is controlled to be turned on and off.

Reference numeral b denotes a fertilizer feeding agitator provided so as to rotate on the upper surface side of the fertilizer feeding port h provided at the bottom of the hopper H, and is a base located below the shaft joint a of the central drive shaft 2. It is attached to the end 2b.

Reference numeral 3 denotes an outer cylinder shaft that is erected vertically on the upper surface of the transmission case M so as to rotate the outer periphery of the central drive shaft 2 in an outer cylinder shape, and has a large diameter gear G3 provided on the input shaft 1.
And a gear G4 having a diameter substantially the same as that of the gear G4 provided on the lower end side of the outer cylinder shaft 3 so as to rotate at a constant speed or an increased speed with respect to the input shaft 1. .

The upper end side of the outer cylinder shaft 3 is connected to the shaft center portion of the impeller 4 which can be stored in the impeller cover C via a flange 30.

[0031]

As described above, in the fertilizer spreader according to the present invention, only the transmission mechanism for decelerating and rotating the central drive shaft and the transmission mechanism for rotating the outer cylinder shaft at a constant speed or an increased speed are provided in the mission case. With no clutch for turning on / off the transmission from the input shaft to the center drive shaft, the clutch is rotated to the upper extension part that is thrust into the hopper of the center drive shaft and its outer circumference. It is provided between the shaft cylinder freely inserted and the agitator for stirring that rotates in the hopper is attached to the peripheral surface of the shaft cylinder, so while downsizing the mission case, Keep the impeller in a state where it always rotates at a constant speed or increased speed,
The rotation of the agitator arranged to rotate in the hopper can be turned on / off as desired, and the agitator provided so as to face the feeding port at the bottom of the hopper can be constantly decelerated and rotated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional fertilizer spreader.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a fertilizer spreader for implementing the means of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fertilizer spreader of the same.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the fertilizer spreader of the same.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the fertilizer spreader of the same.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a main part of the fertilizer spreader.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Fertilizer spreader, C ... Impeller cover, D ... Transmission mechanism, F
... frame, H ... hopper, K ... clutch, M ... mission case, G1, G2, G3, G4 ... gear, a ... shaft joint, b ... feeding agitator, d1 / d2 ... transmission mechanism,
h ... delivery port, k ... clutch pin, 1 ... input shaft, 10 ... clutch lever, 11 ... clutch, 12 ... one-way clutch, 2 ... central drive shaft, 2a ... upward extension part, 2b ... base end part, 20 ... shaft Cylinder, 21 ... bush, 200 ... upper end, 2
01 ... Main body part, 22/23 ... Joining collar, 24 ... Shear pin, 25 ... Stay, 3 ... Outer cylinder shaft, 30 ... Flange, 4 ...
Impeller, 5 ... Agitator, 60/61 ... Connection hitch, 6
2 ... Assembly seat, 63 ... Mounting base, 70 ... Top plate, 71 ... Cover support metal fitting, 72 ... Spreading port, 80 ... Opening port, 81 ... Bearing supporting member, 82 ... Bearing.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mission case M, in which an upright central drive shaft and an outer cylinder shaft 3 that rotates coaxially around the outer periphery thereof are axially supported on the upper surface side, is mounted on a frame F of a machine body. The impeller cover C for accommodating the impeller 4 is arranged above the above, and the hopper H is arranged above that.
These are supported on the frame F, the upper end side of the outer cylinder shaft 3 is connected to the axial center portion of the impeller 4, and the upper end side of the central drive shaft 2 is extended upward so as to project into the hopper H. An agitator 5 for agitating the inside of the hopper H is provided in the extension part thereof, and transmission for transmitting the rotational power input from the input shaft 1 to the central drive shaft 2 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 in the mission case M. In the fertilizer spreader A containing the mechanism D, in the transmission case M, the transmission mechanism d1 for decelerating and rotating the central drive shaft 2 with respect to the input shaft 1 and the outer cylinder shaft 3 with respect to the input shaft 1 are substantially equal to each other. A transmission mechanism d2 for rotating at high speed or increased speed is provided, and the upper end side of the central drive shaft 2 is extended upward to project into the hopper H, and the upper extension 2a is provided on the outer periphery of the upper extension 2a. Rotate the sheath tube 20 with a length of almost the entire length The shaft cylinder 20 is separated from the upper end portion 200 vertically with respect to the main body portion 201, and the joint flanges 22 and 23 provided at the separated ends are joined and closed and connected by the shear pin 24. The agitator 5 for stirring which rotates in the hopper H is attached to the peripheral surface of the main body 201 of 20 and between the upper end 200 of the barrel 20 and the upper end of the upper extension 2a of the central drive shaft 2. A fertilizer spreader characterized by having a clutch K for "turning on" and "turning off" transmission of rotational power to the agitator 5. 2. An upper extension 2a projecting into the hopper H of the central drive shaft 2 is formed separately from a base end 2b located at the bottom of the central drive shaft 2 in the hopper H, and formed separately. The upper extension 2a of the central drive shaft 2 is connected to the base end 2b via a removable shaft joint a, and the central drive shaft 2
The agitator 5 that rotates in the hopper H is provided in the shaft cylinder 20 that is fitted into the outer periphery of the upward extension 2a of the hopper H, and the base end 2b of the central drive shaft 2 thereof has the bottom part of the hopper H that is repeated. Exit h
The fertilizer sprayer according to claim 1, further comprising an agitator b for feeding, which is disposed on the upper surface of the fertilizer.