JP3439942B2 - Electronic wind instruments - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic wind instrument that determines a pitch according to the strength of breath, that is, the flow velocity of gas. 2. Description of the Related Art In general wind instruments, for example, a vertical flute such as a clarinet, a horizontal flute such as a flute, etc., the sound intensity is determined by the strength of the breath that is blown, and the scale is further operated by operating a hand or finger. Is determined. Therefore, it is difficult even for beginners to produce sound depending on the type of wind instrument,
A great deal of practice is required to perform well with respect to hand and finger operation, from how to breathe out. However, the musical scale is music, and the musical sounds are arranged in the order of high and low.
La Shi Do ”. The pitch is music, 2
The relationship between the pitches of two sounds. The configuration of such a wind instrument is almost the same as that of a conventional electronic wind instrument, but in an electronic wind instrument, a sound having a strength corresponding to the strength of breath is electrically generated. I have. [0004] Since the conventional electronic wind instrument is configured as described above, it is easier to produce a sound than a general wind instrument, but it is also necessary to determine the scale. Must be operated with hands and fingers, so a lot of practice is required to play well, and there were problems such as that beginners could not easily determine the pitch and play . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic wind instrument in which even a beginner can easily determine a pitch and play. An electronic wind instrument according to the present invention is arranged at a predetermined interval in a tubular tube.
Detecting means for detecting the airflow by using
A / D converter that converts each output voltage into a digital value
Conversion means and the oscillation frequency according to the digital value.
Oscillation means whose number is determined and each of the oscillation means
Synthesizing means for synthesizing the frequency signal, and
Sound generating means for generating a sound corresponding to the output oscillation frequency.
It is a thing. [0007] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention. Embodiment 1 FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an electronic wind instrument that performs while sounding a sound of an intended scale when a person 2 blows breath, 3 denotes a tubular tube part to which the person 2 touches a mouth and blows breath;
Reference numeral 4 denotes a conduit through which the blown breath flows, 6 denotes a micro flow sensor for detecting the flow velocity of the breath flowing through the conduit 4, and 7 outputs a signal having a frequency corresponding to the flow velocity of the breath detected by the micro flow sensor 6. It is a circuit board. Reference numeral 8 denotes a speaker that emits a musical tone corresponding to a signal output from the circuit board 7, 9 denotes an operation switch for activating the circuit board 7, 10 denotes a dry battery that supplies a voltage to the circuit board 7, 11 denotes Reference numeral denotes an electronic component storage unit that houses the circuit board 7, the speaker 8, and the dry battery 10, and has the operation switch 9 inserted and inserted from the outer wall thereof, and is integrally fixed to the tube 3. The micro flow sensor 6 uses a fast-response thermal flow sensor. As a simple example of this thermal type flow sensor, for example, as shown in FIG.
2, a phenomenon in which the heat of the heater RH is deprived in accordance with the flow velocity of the airflow indicated by the arrow 13 is determined by detecting the temperature of the heater RH with the temperature sensor RT for correcting the ambient temperature. There is a total. The thermal flow sensor used as the micro flow sensor 6 is made by a micromachining technique and has a configuration as shown in FIGS. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the micro flow sensor 6, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG. [0012] In FIGS. 3 and 4, 16 vertical and horizontal is 1.7 mm, a rectangular parallelepiped shape of height 0.5 mm, a base of a silicon chip in which the central portion is removed in a concave shape by anisotropic etching , 17 are insulating film layers formed on the upper surface of the base 16 so that the concave portions become the cavities 18, Rh is a heater, and Ru is disposed on the upstream side of the heater Rh along a flow direction of breath indicated by an arrow 19. Upstream temperature sensor, Rd
Is a downstream temperature sensor disposed downstream of the heater Rh,
Rr is an ambient temperature sensor arranged around the heater Rh. The upstream and downstream temperature sensors Ru and Rd are provided with a heater R
h are symmetrically arranged. The heater Rh and the sensors Ru, Rd, Rr
Is formed of a platinum film inside the insulating film layer 17. The platinum thin film changes its resistance value according to the temperature, and functions as a temperature measuring resistor. Also, the heater Rh and the upstream temperature sensor Ru
The downstream temperature sensor Rd is disposed above the cavity 18. The diaphragm structure 20 includes a heater Rh, an upstream temperature sensor Ru, and a downstream temperature sensor Rd which are thermally insulated from the base 16. It has become. [0014] Here, explaining the measurement principle of the flow velocity of the breath by the micro-flow sensor 6 in such a configuration. When the heater Rh is driven so as to be higher by a certain temperature than the fluid temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor Rr, when there is no flow, the temperature distribution on both sides of the heater Rh is symmetrical as shown by the isotherm 21 in FIG. Therefore, the temperatures of the upstream temperature sensor Ru and the downstream temperature sensor Rd become equal. [0015] However, as shown in FIG. 6, as indicated by the isotherm 22 when there is a flow indicated by arrow 19, the heater Rh
The symmetry of the temperature distribution on both sides of the
The temperature of u decreases, and the temperature of the downstream temperature sensor Rd increases. [0016] Thus, an electric output corresponding to the flow is obtained by detecting a bridge circuit (not shown) of the temperature difference (difference in resistance value). However, it is assumed that the bridge circuit is integrated into the micro flow sensor 6. As described above, since the micro flow sensor 6 uses the measurement principle using heat, the electric output is related to the density of the gas, and the mass flow rate can be measured. Further , since the heater Rh and the upstream and downstream temperature sensors Ru and Rd are located in the portion of the diaphragm 20 which is thermally insulated from the base 16, high sensitivity (a flow rate of about 1 cm / s can be measured), Fast response (about several ms) and low power consumption. Further, since the upstream and downstream sides are symmetrical, the measurement of the backflow is also possible. [0018] Next, shown in block diagram shown in FIG. 7 the circuit arrangement provided in the circuit board 7, performs its description. In FIG . 7, reference numeral 31 denotes a heater drive circuit for driving the heater Rh so as to be higher than the fluid temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor Rr of the micro flow sensor 6 by a certain temperature, and 33 denotes an output from the micro flow sensor 6. An amplifier 34 amplifies an electric signal corresponding to the flow velocity, and an A / D (analog / digital) converter 34 converts the analog electric signal amplified by the amplifier 33 into a digital signal (data). Reference numeral 35 denotes a device for obtaining a precise variable frequency by frequency synthesis using an extremely stable crystal oscillator.
A frequency synthesizer that outputs an audio frequency signal corresponding to data output from the A / D converter 34, an amplifier 36 amplifies the signal output from the frequency synthesizer 35, and a frequency 37 of the signal amplified by the amplifier 36 Is a speaker that produces a sound of a scale corresponding to the pitch. [0021] That is, the A / D converter 34 is provided downstream of the micro-flow sensor 6, by the output code (data) and the input of the frequency synthesizer 35, is configured as finalized scale output is obtained I have. In this case, the frequency of the scale signal output from the frequency synthesizer 35 discretely changes according to the change in the flow velocity. [0022] Next, the operation will be described. First, it is assumed that the heater Rh of the electronic wind instrument 1 is driven by the heater drive circuit 31 so as to be higher than the fluid temperature detected by the ambient temperature sensor Rr of the micro flow sensor 6 by a certain temperature. In the case of performing with such an electronic wind instrument 1, when the person 2 presses the operation switch 9 and blows in breath while adjusting the strength of the breath from the distal end of the tube section 3, the breath flows in the duct 4. The flow velocity of the flowing breath is detected by the micro flow sensor 6. The electrical signal indicative of the detected flow rate is amplified by the amplifier 33, is output to the A / D converter 34, where it is converted into data. The converted data is output to the frequency synthesizer 35, and a signal having a frequency corresponding to the data is obtained by the frequency synthesizer 35.
This signal is output to the amplifier 36. The signal is from the amplifier 36
, And output to the speaker 37. Thereby, a sound of a scale corresponding to the frequency of the signal is generated from the speaker 37. As described above, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to generate a sound of a scale corresponding to the strength of the breath to be blown, that is, the flow velocity of the breath.
The effect is that even a beginner can easily determine the pitch and play. Embodiment 2 FIG . FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention provided on a circuit board 7.
8 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of FIG. 7, and portions corresponding to the respective portions in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Except for the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 8, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. In FIG . 8, 31 is a heater drive circuit for driving the heater Rh, and 39 is a micro flow sensor 6.
An exponential amplifier that exponentially amplifies an electric signal indicating the flow velocity output from the A / D converter; 34, an A / D converter that converts an analog electric signal amplified by the exponential amplifier 39 into data; 35, an A / D converter 34 A frequency synthesizer for outputting a signal of an audible frequency corresponding to data output from the amplifier, an amplifier for amplifying a signal output from the frequency synthesizer, and a sound of a scale corresponding to the frequency of the signal amplified by the amplifier. Is a speaker that pronounces. [0028] Next, the operation will be described. Embodiment 2
Is different from the operation of the first embodiment in that the electric signal indicating the flow velocity detected by the micro flow sensor 6 is amplified by the exponential amplifier 39. The electric signal that becomes a pitch can also be properly converted into data by the A / D converter 34. As described above, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, it is also possible to easily control and produce a low-pitched pitch.
The effect that a performance of a fine expression can be performed is obtained. [0030] Embodiment 3. FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the present invention provided on a circuit board 7.
8 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of FIG. 7, and portions corresponding to the respective portions in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Except for the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 9, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. In FIG . 9, 31 is a heater drive circuit for driving the heater Rh, and 33 is a micro flow sensor 6.
An amplifier 41 amplifies an electric signal corresponding to the flow velocity output from the amplifier, and a V / F 41 converts the electric signal (voltage) amplified by the amplifier 33 into an AC signal (pulse signal) having an audio frequency.
(Voltage / frequency) converter. An address counter 42 performs a counting operation according to a pulse signal output from the V / F converter 41 and outputs an address signal corresponding to the count value. A reference numeral 43 denotes a waveform data of various sounds. A ROM (read only memory) for storing and outputting waveform data of a storage area of an address indicated by the address signal, and a D / A 44 for converting the waveform data output from the ROM 43 to an analog signal
A converter 36 amplifies the analog signal output from the D / A converter 44, and 37 generates a tone having a tone corresponding to the waveform of the analog signal amplified by the amplifier 36 and a scale corresponding to the frequency. It is a speaker. [0033] Next, the operation will be described. The electric signal indicating the flow rate of the breath detected by the micro flow sensor 6 is amplified by the amplifier 33 and then output to the V / F converter 41, where it is converted into a pulse signal. When the pulse signal is input to the address counter 42, the counter 42 performs a counting operation, and outputs an address signal corresponding to the count value to the address terminal of the ROM 43. [0034] Thus the waveform data from ROM43 are input to the D / A converter 44 is read out, converted analog signal by the D / A converter 44, is amplified by the amplifier 36, is output to the speaker 8 . As a result, a tone having a tone corresponding to the waveform of the analog signal and a scale corresponding to the frequency is generated from the speaker 8. As described above, according to the third embodiment, by storing the waveform data of an arbitrary timbre in the ROM 43, the timbre represented by the waveform data obtained in accordance with the strength of the breath to be blown is obtained. The effect that the sound of the scale according to the intensity of the sound can be pronounced is obtained. Further, by storing waveform data of various sounds in the ROM 43 and selecting them, a wind instrument capable of producing various timbres can be constituted by one unit. In this case, the waveform data stored in the ROM 43 is not only a regular waveform such as a triangular wave or a sine wave, but also a waveform of a waveform such as a timbre or a voice of an actual musical instrument. To select a timbre, for example, a plurality of switches are provided in the electronic component storage section 11 of the electronic wind instrument 1 and a designation means for designating a ROM reading range designated by the switches is provided. The data in the storage area in the specified range is read in accordance with the address signal. Alternatively, a ROM is provided for each tone color, and only an arbitrary ROM can be read by a switch,
The data in the readable ROM is read in accordance with the address signal. Embodiment 4 FIG . FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention provided on a circuit board 7, and portions corresponding to respective portions in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Except for the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 10, the configuration is the same as that of the third embodiment. In FIG . 10, reference numeral 31 denotes a heater drive circuit for driving the heater Rh; 46, an exponential amplifier for exponentially amplifying an electric signal indicating the flow velocity output from the micro flow sensor 6; V / F converter for converting the electric signal into a pulse signal of an audible frequency. An address counter 42 performs a counting operation in response to a pulse signal output from the V / F converter 41 and outputs an address signal according to the count value. A reference numeral 43 denotes waveform data of various sounds. A ROM for storing and outputting waveform data of a storage area of an address indicated by the address signal, a D / A converter for converting waveform data output from the ROM 43 into an analog signal, and an output from the D / A converter for an analog signal An amplifier 37 amplifies the analog signal to be reproduced, and a speaker 37 emits a tone having a tone corresponding to the waveform of the analog signal amplified by the amplifier 36 and a scale corresponding to the frequency. [0041] Next, the operation will be described. Embodiment 4
Is different from the operation of the third embodiment in that the electric signal indicating the flow velocity detected by the micro flow sensor 6 is amplified by the exponential amplifier 46. An electric signal that becomes a pitch can also be appropriately converted into a pulse signal by the V / F converter 41. As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the third embodiment, it is possible to easily control and generate the pitch in the low-frequency range.
The effect that a performance of a fine expression can be performed is obtained. Embodiment 5 FIG . In the fifth embodiment, in each of the configurations of the first to fourth embodiments, it is assumed that the microflow sensor 6 is a sensor that only detects the flow velocity of the blowing air, that is, a sensor that detects the flow velocity in only one direction. The direction of attachment of the sensor to the pipe line 4 is 1
It is configured so that it can be inverted by 80 degrees and sounded by breathing in rather than breathing. [0044] Next, the operation will be described. The inhalation causes the fluid to flow in the pipe line 4 in the direction opposite to that of the first to fourth embodiments. However, since the sensor is attached to detect the flow rate in the opposite direction, the first to fourth embodiments are used. As in the case of 4, the flow velocity is detected. The circuit operation after detection is the same as in the first to fourth embodiments. As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, it is possible to generate a sound having a pitch corresponding to the flow rate of inhaling breath, so that it is possible to obtain a performance nuance that has not been obtained in the past. Embodiment 6 FIG . In the sixth embodiment, in each of the first to fourth embodiments, a sensor having a symmetric structure with respect to the flow of a fluid like the micro flow sensor 6 is used, and as shown in FIG. An absolute value circuit 49 for converting an electric signal indicating the detected flow rate of the breath to be blown and the flow rate of the inhaled breath into an absolute value is connected to the subsequent stage of the micro flow sensor 6. [0047] Next, the operation will be described. Embodiment 1
In any of the configurations 4 to 4, the detection signal is converted into an absolute value by the absolute value circuit 49 regardless of the detected flow velocity of the breath to be blown or the breath to be inhaled. The sound is pronounced. As described above, according to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to produce a sound having a pitch corresponding to the flow rate of the breath to be blown and the breath to be inhaled, so that the effect of facilitating the breathing of the performance is obtained. Can be Embodiment 7 FIG . In the seventh embodiment, in each of the configurations of the first to fifth embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12, instead of the microflow sensor 6, a plurality of microflow sensors 6a, 6b, , 6n are arranged at predetermined intervals in the pipeline 4. At each subsequent stage of each of the sensors 6a, 6b,..., 6n, a frequency conversion circuit 51a, 51b,. 51n, and frequency conversion circuits 51a, 51b,.
, Each of the frequency conversion circuits 51a, 51b,.
This is configured by connecting an addition circuit 52 for adding and synthesizing the frequency signals output from n. [0050] Next, the operation will be described. The electric signals indicating the flow rates detected by the microflow sensors 6a, 6b,..., 6n are converted into frequency conversion circuits 51a, 51b,.
1n, the signals are converted into frequency signals, and the respective frequency signals are added and combined by an adder circuit 52. Thereafter, the same processing as described in the first to fifth embodiments is performed, and finally, a sound having a pitch corresponding to the synthesized frequency signal is generated from the speaker 8. As described above, according to the seventh embodiment, a signal having a frequency corresponding to the flow velocity detected at a plurality of locations is synthesized and sounded, so that the effect of giving an echo effect to the performance can be obtained. can get. As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an airflow is detected by being disposed at a predetermined interval in a cylindrical pipe.
Output voltages of the plurality of detection means
A / D conversion means for converting the digital value,
Oscillating means whose oscillation frequency is determined in accordance with each
Synthesizing means for synthesizing respective frequency signals from the stage;
Sounds according to the oscillation frequency of the output from this synthesis means
Because it is configured to have a sound generating means, the sound of the scale according to the strength of the breath to be blown, that is, the flow velocity of the breath, can be generated. There is the effect that the performance can be determined and the performance can have an echo effect. [0053]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a thermal flow sensor having a simple structure. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of the micro flow sensor shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the micro flow sensor shown in FIG. 3;
It is sectional drawing. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the measurement principle of the micro flow sensor shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is another cross-sectional view for explaining the measurement principle of the micro flow sensor shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a circuit provided on a circuit board of the electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a circuit provided on a circuit board of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a circuit provided on a circuit board of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a circuit provided on a circuit board of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a characteristic circuit provided on a circuit board of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a characteristic circuit provided on a circuit board of an electronic wind instrument according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1 Electronic wind instrument 2 persons 3 Tube section 4 Pipe lines 6, 6a, 6b, ..., 6n Microflow sensor (detection means) 7 Circuit board 8 Speaker 9 Operation switch 10 Dry battery 12 Tube 13 Airflow 16 Base Reference Signs List 17 Insulating film layer 18 Cavity 19 Breath 20 Diaphragm 21, 22 Isothermal line 31 Heater drive circuit 33, 36 Amplifier 34 A / D converter (A / D conversion means) 35 Frequency synthesizer (Oscillation means) 37 Speaker (Sound generation means) 39 , 46 exponential amplifier (exponential conversion means) 41 V / F converter (voltage / frequency conversion means) 42 address counter (address generation means) 43 ROM (storage means) 44 D / A converter (D / A conversion means) 49 Absolute value circuit (absolute value conversion means) 51a, 51b, ..., 51n Frequency conversion circuit (frequency conversion means) 52 Adder circuit RT Temperature sensors RH, Rh Heater Rd Downstream temperature sensor Ru Upstream temperature sensor Rr Ambient temperature sensor

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-210894 (JP, A) JP-A-59-162593 (JP, A) JP-A-7-243888 (JP, A) JP-A-5-173566 (JP) JP-A-4-113230 (JP, A) JP-A-3-126093 (JP, A) JP-A-2-1955941 (JP, A) JP-A-60-110892 (JP, U) JP-A-60-110892 2-76800 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/00-7/12 G01F 1/56-1/90

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of detecting means arranged in a cylindrical pipe at predetermined intervals for detecting an air flow, and each of output voltages of these detecting means is converted into a digital value. A / D conversion means, oscillating means whose oscillation frequency is determined according to the digital value, synthesizing means for synthesizing respective frequency signals from the oscillating means, An electronic wind instrument provided with sounding means for producing sounds.