JP3445174B2 - Large section shield excavation method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large-section shield excavation method used, for example, in constructing shield tunnels in urban areas in recent years.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The excavation shield method is a method used when constructing a shield tunnel or the like. The excavator is propelled forward in the ground to excavate, and immediately after excavation, lining work is performed to perform tunneling. Index what builds etc. Conventionally, an excavator used in this shield construction method has been one in which a plurality of cutter bits arranged in a substantially disc shape are rotated about a rotation axis to propel and excavate.

The rotary excavator has also been used when constructing shield tunnels for roads. In other words, when excavating large tunnels with large cross sections such as conventional shield tunnels, use a large rotary excavator,
Although excavation is performed, a shield tunnel for roads or the like usually has a rectangular cross section, and at least the bottom surface is required to be horizontal.

However, since a rotary excavator can excavate only a circular cross section, after excavating a large circle, a rectangular tunnel is formed in the circle, and the remaining excavated portion, that is, upper, lower, left, and right. The arc portion that can be formed was formed as a storage path for various pipes, etc., to cope with excessive excavation. Such a conventional construction method involves too much wasteful digging, and since a large rotary excavator has to be used, the construction becomes large and the work cost must be high.

Further, since the rotary type excavator excavates by rotary drive, the angular velocity and the sliding distance of the cutter bit are different depending on the mounting position of the cutter bit, and accordingly, the difference in wear occurs between the individual cutter bits. However, the cutting speed and the excavation speed of the excavator as a whole may be reduced. Further, when excavating a large tunnel with a large cross section using a large rotary excavator, as shown in FIG. 19, since the underground range in the vertical direction to be excavated is wide, the excavation position is the uppermost part to be excavated. Groundwater pressure and underground soil pressure differ greatly at the bottom, making it difficult to determine the earth pressure set for excavation H0. In particular, when the soil cover is shallow, a ridge may occur directly above the excavation site, or ground disturbance may occur. Due to the influence of, the muddy water may flow out from the underground excavation site to the ground.

[0006]

Thus, the present invention was devised in order to address the above-mentioned conventional problems, and when excavating a large shield tunnel having a large rectangular cross section such as a road tunnel. In the above, a small excavator that rocks vertically and horizontally is used to excavate the excavation site having a rectangular large cross section in several times. Therefore, it is possible to excavate in a more accurate large cross section rectangular shape. Since a large-scale excavator is not used, the scale of construction does not increase, the work cost can be reduced, the cutting speed and the excavation speed of the excavator itself are not reduced, and as shown in FIG. 20, Since the excavation is performed several times with a small excavator, the excavation set earth pressure can be finely set to H1, H2, and H3, which can cause earth mounds just above the excavation site or cause mud to flow to the ground. Never It is an object to provide a cross-section shield excavating method.

[0007]

A large-section shield excavation method according to the present invention is provided with an excavator hood in which a rectangular cylindrical body having a large cross section is partitioned into a lattice-shaped section to form a plurality of rectangular cylindrical excavation subdivisions. An excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape by a cutter bit that swings vertically and horizontally is installed in the excavation subdivision unit, and an excavation inner surface wall assembly device is arranged in the rear to form the excavation device. The device is installed in the ground, the excavator is operated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit, and then the excavators installed in other excavation subdivision units are sequentially activated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit and the whole is excavated. It is characterized in that it excavates a large cross-section rectangle, moves to the front of the excavator hood that has been excavated, and at the rear, a reinforcement wall is attached to the excavation inner surface by an excavation inner surface wall assembly device, or a rectangular tube having a large cross-section rectangle. Rectangular ring inside the body An excavator hood is provided that forms a drilling frame part for partitioning into a substantially rectangular ring-shaped donut shape, and partitions the inside of the drilling frame part with partition pieces to form a plurality of rectangular tubular drilling subdivision parts, and within the excavation subdivision part. An excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape is installed by a cutter bit that swings vertically and horizontally, and an excavating device is formed by disposing an excavating inner wall assembly device in the rear, and the excavating device is installed underground. Then, the excavator is operated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit, and then the excavators installed in other excavation subdivisions are sequentially activated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit to form a rectangular ring-shaped donut type excavation as a whole. Performing, moving to the front of excavating the excavator hood, and at the rear, attaching a reinforcing wall to the rectangular ring-shaped donut-shaped excavating inner surface by the excavating inner surface wall assembling device, and then excavating the inside surrounded by the reinforcing wall. In addition, a rectangular tubular body having a large cross section is divided into rectangular ring-shaped bodies to form an excavating frame portion for excavating in a substantially rectangular ring-shaped donut shape, and the excavating frame portion is partitioned by partition pieces to form a plurality of rectangular tubes. Equipped with an excavator hood formed with an excavation subdivision part, and an excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape by a cutter bit that swings up, down, left and right is installed in the excavation subpart, and an excavation inner wall assembly device is arranged in the rear To form an excavation device, install the excavation device in the ground, operate the excavator to excavate in front of the excavation subdivision unit, and then sequentially operate excavators installed in other excavation subdivision units. Then, the front of the excavation subdivision part is excavated, a rectangular ring-shaped donut-shaped excavation is performed as a whole, and the excavator hood is excavated and moved to the front. State It is characterized in that an outer shell segment is attached and a filling material is filled inside to form a reinforcing wall, and then the inside surrounded by the reinforcing wall is excavated. After the excavation at, the generated excavated sediment is discharged as muddy water discharge by the inflowing liquid and is discharged to the outside.The inflow of the liquid into each excavator is the same as that of each excavator connected to the mud main pipe. It is characterized in that the mud branch pipes are switched and the discharge of muddy water is carried out by switching each mud branch pipe of each excavator connected to the mud main pipe.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a large-section shield excavation method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an excavator hood in which a rectangular cylindrical body having a large cross section is partitioned into a lattice-shaped cross section to form a plurality of rectangular cylindrical excavation subdivisions 2.

The excavator hood 1 is generally formed of a metal member in a substantially rectangular tube shape, and is internally partitioned by a partition material 3 to have a plurality of rectangular tube-shaped excavation subdivisions 2. Has been done. 1 and 2, reference numeral 5 is a cutter bit of the excavator 4, and the cutter bits 5 are scattered and attached in a rectangular shape (square in this embodiment).

Explaining the excavator 4 with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, the excavator 4 used in the present invention does not rotate the so-called cutter bit 5 in a circular shape for excavating, but rather the cutter bit. 5 is rocked vertically and horizontally to excavate. That is, in the excavator hood 1, a plurality of cutter bits 5 are attached in a rectangular shape in the excavation subdivision 2 formed by being partitioned by the partition member 3.
Is stored so that it can be pushed forward.

Reference numeral 7 is a cutter bit mounting plate, which is arranged in the horizontal direction and is provided in three pieces at the upper and lower sides at regular intervals. A plurality of cutter bits 5 are attached to the upper and lower sides of the cutter bit attachment plate 7 at intervals. Further, a mounting rod 8 is arranged between the cutter bit mounting plates 7, and a plurality of cutter bits 7 are also mounted on the mounting rod 8. Therefore, the plurality of cutter bits 7 are mounted in a square shape in a scattered state as shown (see FIG. 2 and the like).

Here, FIG. 3 is a use state diagram of the excavator 4 installed in the excavation subdivision part 2 and installed in a state of excavating the front of the excavation subdivision part 2, in which a plurality of cutter bits 5 are attached. The excavation portion 6 is connected to a vertical swing jack 10 via a swing rod 9, and as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a horizontal swing jack 11 is provided at the rear portion of each cutter bit mounting plate 7.

In FIG. 5, the structure of the vertical rocking jack 10 is different, and a small vertical rocking jack 10 is attached to the partition wall 25 through a spherical bearing 26, and the tip of the vertical rocking jack 10 is linked. A plurality of cutter bits 5 are connected via a mechanism 27. Therefore, by vertically projecting and retracting the vertically swinging jack 10, the plurality of cutter bits 5 are vertically moved via the link mechanism 27. With such a configuration, the vertical movement range can be made relatively wide.

Although not shown, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, a vertical swing jack 10 is provided at an intermediate position of the excavator hood 1, and a cutter bit is provided via a swing rod 9 or a link mechanism 27. The excavation part 6 is not configured to swing up and down.
The vertical swing jack 10 may be incorporated in itself.
Then, the plurality of cutter bits 5 move up and down, swing left and right, and are pushed forward by the propulsion jack 24 to excavate the surface to be excavated into a rectangular shape.

Here, the plurality of excavation subdivision units 2 shown in FIG.
The above-mentioned excavators 4 are installed in each of them, and they operate to excavate. That is, excavation is performed by sequentially operating a plurality of excavators 4, and when the excavation in one excavation subdivision unit 2 is completed, the excavator 4 in the adjacent excavation subdivision unit 2 operates to excavate there. To do. Then, the excavation is sequentially performed, and finally, when the excavation of all the excavation subdivision units 2 is completed, the excavation of the large cross section rectangle is performed.

Thereafter, the excavator hood 1 is further moved forward, and the excavation in each excavation subdivision unit 2 is performed again. 3 and 5, reference numeral 28 indicates a mud feeding branch pipe, and reference numeral 29 indicates a mud discharging branch pipe. Water flows from the mud branch pipe 28 into the chamber chamber 32 of the excavator 4, and the excavated earth and sand stored in the chamber chamber 32 is made into a muddy water so that it can be easily discharged to the outside.

Then, the excavated earth and sand in the form of muddy water is discharged to the outside through the drain mud branch pipe 29. Here, in the present invention, a plurality of excavators 4 arranged in each excavation subdivision unit 2
It is controlled so that excavated soil can be discharged smoothly. That is, as shown in FIG. 23, the mud feed branch pipe 28 and the mud feed branch pipe 29 provided in each excavator 4 are connected to one mud feed main pipe 30 and one mud feed pipe 31. , A mud branch pipe 28 and a waste mud branch pipe 29 provided in each of the excavators 4
By adjusting and using the adjusting valve 33 of 1 above, one set of the mud main pipe 30 and the mud main pipe 31 can be used, and the product cost and the work cost can be reduced.

After completion of the excavation of the large rectangular cross section having the planned length, a plurality of segments 13 are provided for the internal reinforcement of the excavation surface by the segment assembly device 14 installed at the rear portion of the excavation as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10. Are assembled and the reinforcing wall 12 is constructed. The figure which looked at the constructed reinforcing wall 12 from the back is shown in FIG. As will be understood from FIG. 6, the reinforcing wall 12 is constructed in the shape of a rectangular ring, and reinforces the inner surface of the excavation having a rectangular cross section. Although not shown in FIG. 6, the assembled segments 13 are connected by connecting members such as bolts.

The segment 13 constituting the reinforcing wall 12 has a width substantially the same as the advanced excavation width, and when the planned excavations in all the excavation subdivisions 2 are completed, the segment assembling device 14 is behind it as described above. Operates to assemble the segments 13 and form the reinforcing wall 12. The assembled state of the segment 13 is shown in FIGS.

In FIG. 7, two units of the segment 13 are already attached to the rear of the excavator 4 in a rectangular ring shape, and a part of the reinforcing wall 12 is formed. From this state, as shown in FIG. 8, the third unit of the reinforcing wall 12 is assembled. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the unit is assembled from below the inner surface of the excavation. As shown in FIG.
When the third reinforcing wall 12 unit is assembled by the segment 13, the push jack 15 is extended as shown in FIG. 10, and the propulsion jack 16 of the excavator 4 is contracted.
The excavation unit 6 is stored in the excavator hood 1.

From this state, the propulsion jack 16 of the excavator 4 is extended again as shown in FIG. 7 to 10, each excavator 4 is housed in each excavation subdivision unit 2, and each excavator 4 sequentially excavates the front of each excavation subdivision unit 2.
By the way, as understood from FIGS. 7 to 10, in the present embodiment, the excavator 4 arranged in all the excavation subdivision units 2.
One segment assembling device 14 is installed in the rear of the, and the plurality of excavators 4 and one segment assembling device 14 constitute an excavating device 17.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 21, a tail seal 35 formed of a wire brush or the like is provided between the reinforcing wall 12 formed at the tail portion of the excavator hood 1 and the inner surface of the excavator hood 1. In addition, a cushion member 36 is provided. In particular, the cushion member 36 is attached to the inner surface of the excavator hood 1 in an endless annular shape, and mainly functions to prevent the tail portion of the excavator hood 1 from bending toward the reinforcing wall 12 side due to a load. A plurality of hollow chambers are formed in the interior of the cushion member 36 in the longitudinal direction. An injection pipe 39 for injecting the liquid filler 37 is connected to each of the hollow chambers, and the liquid chamber is filled with the liquid material. The filling material 37 is injected into the elastic chamber 38.

Therefore, if the injection of the liquid filling material 37 from the injection pipe 39 into each elastic chamber 38 is adjusted and controlled, for example, the elastic state in the vertical and horizontal directions can be changed, and the excavation of the excavator 4 can be advanced. It flexibly corresponds to the forward movement of the excavator hood 1 associated with, and the tail portion of the large excavator hood 1 is protected. Next, FIGS. 11 to 18 show another embodiment according to the present invention.

The excavator hood 1 used in this embodiment has a doughnut-shaped excavating frame portion 24 having a substantially rectangular cross section (see FIG. 11). The inside of the donut-shaped digging frame portion 24 having a substantially rectangular ring shape is partitioned by partitioning pieces 34, and a plurality of rectangular tubular digging subdivision portions 2 are formed as in the above-described embodiment.

Then, a plurality of excavators 4 are installed in each of the excavation subdivisions 2 in order to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision 2 in the excavation frame 24, and the front is excavated. After excavating for a certain length with the excavator 4 installed in the predetermined excavation subdivision unit 2, the front of the next adjacent excavation subdivision unit 2 is excavated by the excavator 4 installed in the excavation subdivision unit 2 for a certain length. Drill minutes.

Then, the excavation is performed one after another, and finally the entire excavation frame portion 24 is excavated. Therefore, the excavation is a rectangular ring-shaped donut type excavation (see FIG. 12), and the unexcavated earth and sand remains.
At this time, the reinforcing wall 12 is formed by attaching the plate-shaped outer shell segment 23 to the inner surface of the excavation after excavating the rectangular ring-shaped donut shape.

In this embodiment as well, similarly to the above-mentioned embodiments, a cushion member 36 is provided between the reinforcing wall 12 formed on the tail portion of the excavator hood 1 and the inner surface of the excavator hood 1. It is provided (see FIG. 22). And FIG.
As can be understood from 3, the reinforcing wall 12 includes an outer shell segment 23 that reinforces the outer side and an outer shell segment 23 that reinforces the inner side of the excavating frame portion 24 having a rectangular ring-shaped donut shape.
These outer shell segments 23 are configured to have reinforcing pieces 22 which are erected at regular intervals to reinforce the outer shell segments 23 (see FIG. 12), and a filling material 18 such as concrete is filled inside.

Here, as shown in FIG. 13, the filling order of the filling material 18 is from the lower side, and at least one place on the upper side is used as a carrying-in path for excavating materials, excavating equipment and the like. After the filling material 18 is filled and solidified in this way, a strong reinforcing wall 12 is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the inside surrounded by the reinforcing wall 12 is excavated by the heavy excavator 20 or the like. Then, a support rod 21 is erected at the internally excavated portion, and the outer shell segment 23 constituting the reinforcing wall 12 attached to the upper side of the excavated portion is reinforced so as not to be deformed (see FIG. 15).

As shown in FIG. 16, when the filling material 18 is completely solidified and the solid reinforcing wall 12 is completed, the supporting rod 21 is provided.
Is removed. Then, as shown in FIG. 17, a decorative wall 19 is finally placed on the inner surface of the excavation having a large cross-section rectangular shape, and the shield tunnel is completed.

[0030]

As described above, the present invention has the above constitution.
Further, according to the large-section shield excavation method of the present invention, when excavating a large shield tunnel with a large rectangular cross section, a small excavator that rocks vertically and horizontally is used to form a rectangular large cross section. Since the excavation site is divided into several parts, it is possible to excavate more efficiently in a more accurate rectangular shape with a large cross section. In addition, since a large excavator is not used, the construction does not become large-scale and the work cost is low. The excavator itself can be cut and the cutting speed and the excavation speed are not reduced, and the excavator is excavated in several times by a small excavator. Therefore, the excavation set earth pressure can be finely set to H1, H2, H3, Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of disturbance in the ground without generating a raised portion just above the excavation site or causing muddy water to flow to the ground, which is an excellent effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an excavator hood according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a mounting state of a plurality of cutter bits according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory view (No. 1) for explaining the schematic configuration of the excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration explanatory view (No. 2) for explaining the schematic configuration of the excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration explanatory view (No. 3) for explaining the schematic configuration of the excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration explanatory view for explaining a mounting state of a reinforcing wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a use explanatory diagram (1) for explaining a use state of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a use explanatory view (No. 2) for explaining the use state of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a use explanatory diagram (3) explaining a use state of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a use explanatory view (No. 4) explaining a use state of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of an excavator hood according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a use explanatory view (No. 1) for explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a use explanatory view (No. 2) explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a usage explanatory diagram (3) illustrating a usage state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a use explanatory view (No. 4) explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a use explanatory view (No. 5) explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a use explanatory view (No. 6) for explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a use explanatory view (No. 7) for explaining a use state of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19: Set pressure soil H0 by a conventional large rotary excavator
It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of determination.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory view showing an outline of setting earth pressure determination by the excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a configuration explanatory view for explaining the configuration of a cushion member formed in the excavator hood tail portion.

FIG. 22 is a configuration explanatory view illustrating a configuration of a cushion member formed in an excavator hood tail portion in another embodiment.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a piping state of a mud branch pipe and a mud branch pipe and a mud branch pipe and a mud branch pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 excavator hood 2 excavation subdivision 3 partition materials 4 excavator 5 cutter bits 6 excavation section 7 Cutter bit mounting plate 8 mounting rod 9 rocking rod 10 Vertical swing jack 11 Left and right swing jack 12 Reinforcement wall 13 segments 14 segment assembly equipment 15 push jack 16 propulsion jack 17 drilling equipment 18 Filling material 19 Walls 20 Excavation heavy equipment 21 Support rod 22 Reinforcement piece 23 outer shell segment 24 Excavation frame 25 partitions 26 Spherical bearing 27 Link mechanism 28 Mud branch pipe 29 Waste sludge branch pipe 30 mud main 31 Sludge main 32 chambers 33 Adjustment valve 34 Partition 35 tail seal 36 Cushion member 37 Liquid filler 38 Resilient chamber 39 injection tube

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-194194 (JP, A) JP-A-6-117187 (JP, A) JP-A-10-212899 (JP, A) JP-A-9- 279999 (JP, A) Actual development 5-14295 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 E21D 9/08 E21D 13/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An excavator hood having a rectangular cross section of a large cross section divided into a plurality of rectangular tubular excavation subdivisions into a rectangular cross section, and a cutter that swings vertically and horizontally in the excavation subdivision. An excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape with a bit is installed, and an excavation inner surface wall assembly device is arranged in the rear to form an excavation device. The excavation device is installed in the ground and the excavator is operated. Then, the front of the excavation subdivision unit is excavated, and then the excavators installed in other excavation subdivision units are sequentially operated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit to excavate a large-section rectangular shape as a whole and excavate the excavator hood. The large-section shield excavation method is characterized in that a reinforcement wall is attached to the excavation inner surface by an excavation inner surface wall assembly device. 2. A plurality of rectangular cylinders are formed by partitioning the inside of a rectangular cylinder having a large cross-section into a rectangular ring shape to form a drilling frame portion for drilling into a substantially rectangular ring-shaped donut shape, and partitioning the inside of the drilling frame portion with partition pieces. Equipped with an excavator hood formed with an excavation subdivision part, and an excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape by a cutter bit that swings up, down, left and right is installed in the excavation subpart, and an excavation inner wall assembly device is arranged in the rear The excavator is installed in the ground, the excavator is operated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit, and then the excavators installed in other excavation subdivision units are sequentially operated. Then, the front of the excavation subdivision part is excavated, and the rectangular ring-shaped donut type excavation is performed as a whole, and the excavator hood is excavated and moved forward, and at the rear side, the excavation inner surface wall assembly device is used to reinforce the rectangular ring-shaped donut type excavation inner surface. The wall Ri attached, then large section shield excavating method characterized by drilling an interior surrounded by reinforced walls. 3. An excavation frame portion for excavating into a substantially rectangular ring-shaped donut shape by partitioning a rectangular cylindrical body having a large cross section into a rectangular ring shape, and partitioning the excavation frame portion with partition pieces to form a plurality of rectangular cylinders. Equipped with an excavator hood formed with an excavation subdivision part, and an excavator capable of excavating in a rectangular shape by a cutter bit that swings up, down, left and right is installed in the excavation subpart, and an excavation inner wall assembly device is arranged in the rear The excavator is installed in the ground, the excavator is operated to excavate the front of the excavation subdivision unit, and then the excavators installed in other excavation subdivision units are sequentially operated. Excavate the front of the excavation subdivision part, perform rectangular ring-shaped donut-shaped excavation as a whole, move to the front where the excavator hood was excavated, and in the rear, plate on the rectangular ring-shaped donut-shaped excavation inner surface by the excavation inner surface wall assembly device. Out of shape Is attached segment, inside the reinforcing walls by filling a filling material, then a large cross-section shield excavating method characterized by drilling an interior surrounded by the reinforcing walls. 4. After excavation by each excavator, the excavated earth and sand generated are discharged as muddy water discharge by the liquid that has flowed into the outside, and the inflow of the liquid into each excavator is the mud main pipe. It is characterized in that the mud branch pipes of each excavator connected to the switch are switched, and the discharge of muddy water discharge is performed by switching each mud branch pipe of each excavator connected to the mud main. The large-section shield excavation method according to claim 1, claim 2, or claim 3.