JP3445856B2 - Fertilizer for plant foliar application - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer for foliar application of plants, and more particularly to a fertilizer for foliar application of plants which can promote the supplementation of calcium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, calcium is indispensable for regulating the structure and permeability of cell membranes in living organisms, and plays a very important role in maintaining the balance of metabolic systems. Calcium also has an important effect on plant growth, and has effects such as promotion of growth and efficiency of nutrient utilization.

For this reason, conventionally, for example, lime is fertilized in the soil so that the calcium content in the lime is absorbed from the roots of the plants, but in this case, the calcium content is underground in the form of calcium carbonate. Runoff, or react with nitrate ions, sulfate ions, hydrochloric acid ions, etc. given to the soil by other chemical fertilizers and run off underground in the form of calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, etc. Was not fully absorbed into the plant. In addition, since the calcium content absorbed in the plant is generally difficult to move from the old tissue to the new tissue in the body, the calcium content is sufficiently supplied throughout the plant from the root to the stem to the leaves. not,
Therefore, the growth effect of the plant was not fully exhibited.

Under these circumstances, it has been carried out that the calcium content is sprayed on the leaves of the plant and absorbed into the plant through the leaves. As a spraying agent therefor, for example, calcium chloride solution is known. , Chloride ion in calcium chloride is not necessary for plants, and it is not always suitable as a fertilizer for foliar application, because it sometimes causes the leaves to die and inhibits the photosynthetic function of the leaves.

A fertilizer for foliar application containing calcium propionate as an active ingredient as a fertilizer capable of supplementing calcium without causing such phytotoxicity (JP-A-4-202).
No. 080) or a foliar spray for grapes containing calcium formate and a boron compound as active ingredients (JP-A-4-1340).
No. 07) is known.

[0006]

However, the calcium salts of carboxylic acids having a relatively small number of carbons as described in these publications are not sufficiently attached to and absorbed by plants, and are not efficient in use. It was not satisfactory.

[0007]

As a result of intensive studies to solve these problems, the present inventors have found that a calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and a total carbon number of 4 to 36 is selected. It was found that calcium is efficiently absorbed by plants by spraying on the leaf surface of the plants, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention relates to caprylic acid and capron
Acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, olein
Acid, dimer acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, mac
One selected from rhoic acid, glutaric acid and glucuronic acid
Alternatively, the present invention provides a fertilizer for plant foliar application, which comprises two or more kinds of calcium salts of carboxylic acids as active ingredients.

The fertilizer for foliar application of the plant of the present invention may be in the form of a liquid (dispersion liquid) or a solid, and is usually used as an aqueous dispersion liquid or emulsion having a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight when used. Sprayed on the surface.

The carboxylic acid used in the present invention is a straight chain if it is an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and a total carbon number of 4 to 36, preferably 6 to 18, and more preferably 6 to 12. However, it may have a branched chain, and may be saturated or unsaturated. Specifically, caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, dimer acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, succinic acid,
Malonic acid, glutaric acid, Ru include glucuronic acid.

A calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having 4 or more carboxyl groups or having a total carbon number of more than 36 is not preferable because of poor dispersibility. Further, the calcium salt of a carboxylic acid having a total carbon number of less than 4 or more than 36 has poor utilization efficiency of calcium.

The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition for plant leaf spraying, which comprises an aqueous dispersion or emulsion containing the fertilizer for plant leaf spraying of the present invention as described above and a surfactant. . Such a composition is an aqueous dispersion or emulsion of the calcium salt of carboxylic acid as described above.

The surfactant used in the fertilizer composition for foliar application of the present invention is preferably a nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant. As the nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyalkylene allyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sorbitol ester, Polyoxyalkylene sorbitan ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl glycerol ester, polyoxyalkylene block copolymer,
Polyoxyalkylene block copolymer alkyl glycerol ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfonamide, polyoxyalkylene rosin ester, polyoxypropylene block copolymer, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkylphenol, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, alkyl glucoside , Sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, and a mixture of two or more of these.

Typical anionic surfactants can be obtained in an aqueous solution or a solid state, and examples thereof include lecithin, sodium allyl sulfate, sodium mono- and di-alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alpha. -Sodium olefin sulfonate, sodium alkane sulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl aryl ether sulfate, polyoxyalkylene styryl phenyl ether sulfate, mono- and di- -Alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, formaldehyde condensates of alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates, olephinic sulfonates, mono and di Rutile phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and dialkyl phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and diphenyl ether phosphate, polyoxyalkylene mono- and dialkylphenyl ether phosphate, polycarboxylic acid salt, fatty acid salt, stearic acid and its salt, Oleic acid and its salts, N-methyl fatty acid taurides, linear or branched alkyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and its salts, linear or branched alkenyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and its salts, and two or more of these (Including sodium, potassium, ammonium and amine salts).

A chelating agent may be added to the fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention in order to further enhance the effect.

As the chelating agent which can be used in the present invention,
Aminopolycarboxylic acid chelating agents, aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid chelating agents, amino acid chelating agents, ether polycarboxylic acid chelating agents, phosphonic acid chelating agents (eg iminodimethylphosphonic acid (IDP), alkyldiphosphones) Acid (ADPA) or the like) or dimethylglyoxime (DG) or the like, which may be in the form of the acid as it is or in the form of a salt such as sodium, potassium or ammonium.

As the aminopolycarboxylic acid type chelating agent, a) RNX ₂ type compound b) NX ₃ type compound c) R-NX-CH ₂ CH ₂ -NX-R type compound d) R-NX-CH ₂ CH _2- NX ₂ type compounds and e) X ₂ N—R′-NX ₂ type and all compounds of this type containing 4 or more X can be used. In the above formula, X represents -CH ₂ COOH or -CH ₂ CH ₂ COOH, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a substituent representing a known chelate compound of this type, and R'is It represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group and a group representing a known chelate compound of this type. Typical examples of these are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA),
Iminodiacetic acid (IDA), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) iminodiacetic acid (HIMDA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (EDTA-OH) and glycol etherdiaminetetraacetic acid ( GEDTA) and salts thereof.

The aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid type chelating agents which can be used in the present invention are citric acid, oxalic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid or anthranilic acid and salts thereof. The amino acid-based chelating agents that can be used in the present invention include glycine, serine, alanine, lysine, cystine,
Examples include cysteine, ethionine, tyrosine or methionine and salts and derivatives thereof. Furthermore, examples of the ether polycarboxylic acid type chelating agent that can be used in the present invention include compounds represented by the following formulas, similar compounds thereof and salts thereof (especially Na salt).

[0019]

[Chemical 1]

Further, other nutrient components can be added to the fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention. For example,
Fats and oils, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, vitamins and the like can be blended, and the blending amount thereof is not limited.

The fertilizer composition for plant foliar application of the present invention is usually 0.001 to 10% by weight of the fertilizer for plant foliar application of the present invention, and a nonionic surfactant when a surfactant is used in combination. 0.01 to 20% by weight and anionic surfactant of 0.
It contains 01 to 20% by weight and the balance water, but the blending amount thereof can be changed as necessary. When a chelating agent is added, the chelating agent is 1 mol of a calcium salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having 1 to 3 carboxyl groups and having a total carbon number of 4 to 36 (the molar amount of plural carboxylic acids when used). For a total of 1 mol), 0.0
1 to 2.0 times mol, preferably 0.05 to 2.0 times mol, and more preferably 0.1 to 2.0 times mol.

The fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention is usually 50 to 1000 liters / 10 to 1000 m ²
The application amount can be changed as required.

The fertilizer composition for foliar application of plants of the present invention has no chemical damage to plants and can be applied to various agricultural products. The plant to which the composition of the present invention can be applied is not limited, for example, tomato, eggplant, pepper, cucumber, watermelon, melon, pumpkin, strawberry and other fruit vegetables, apple,
Peach, pear, citrus, grapes and other fruit trees, cabbage,
Examples include lettuce, Chinese cabbage, canola, wheat, minor grains (buckwheat, sesame, millet, millet, etc.), potatoes, beans, grasses, and the like, and fruit vegetables and fruit trees are particularly preferable.

[0024]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0025] As Example 1 calcium carboxylate, calcium caprylate, myristate calcium, using O maleic acid and calcium dimer acid, and homo mixing 10000 rpm, 5 minutes ingredients such as: uniform dispersion A liquid was prepared to obtain a fertilizer composition for foliar application on plants. For the composition containing calcium oleate, an equimolar amount of EDTA.2Na was used in combination with calcium oleate, and the amount of water was reduced by that amount. -Carboxylic acid calcium salt (see Table 1) 2.00% by weight-Emanone 4110 10.00% by weight [polyoxyethylene (10 mol) oleic acid ester manufactured by Kao Corporation] -Emal 10p 5.00% by weight [ Kao Corporation sodium lauryl sulfate] -Water 83.0% by weight.

The obtained fertilizer composition for foliar spraying of plants was sprayed on the leaves of Italian ryegrass at a rate of 10 liters / 100 m ² , and allowed to stand for 30 days under the condition of 5 to 15 ° C., and then 10 g of the leaves were picked. And dry it with hot air, and then wet-decompose it, and then determine the amount of calcium contained in this dry matter by ICP.
Quantitative analysis was performed by (inductively coupled plasma analysis). In addition,
As a comparative product, a composition using calcium propionate, CaCl ₂ instead of the above-mentioned calcium carboxylate,
A composition containing no calcium salt was prepared and the same test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0027]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the amount of calcium contained in the leaves of each of the products of the present invention is larger than that of the comparative product.

[0029] In Example 2 calcium carboxylate, calcium grayed Rukon acid, with calcium malate and calcium succinate, the ingredients such as: 10000 rpm, homo mixing 5 minutes, to prepare a uniform dispersion A fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage was obtained.・ Carboxylic acid calcium salt 4.00% by weight ・ Leodol TWO120 2.00% by weight [polyoxyethylene (20 mol) sorbitan monooleate manufactured by Kao Corporation] ・ Neoperex F-65 1.00% [Kao (stock) ) Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate] -Water 93.00% by weight In addition, as a comparative product, a composition using calcium propionate, CaCl ₂ instead of the above-mentioned calcium carboxylate salt, and a composition containing no calcium salt Was prepared and the same test as in Example 1 was conducted. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0030]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the amount of calcium contained in the leaves of each of the products of the present invention is larger than that of the comparative product.

[0032] Example 3 calcium carboxylate, calcium caprylate, calcium caproate, using lauric acid calcium及 beauty calcium oleate, and homo mixing 10000 rpm, 10 minutes ingredients such as: uniform dispersion A liquid was prepared to obtain a fertilizer composition for foliar application on plants. -Carboxylic acid calcium salt (see Table 3) 10.0% by weight-Emanone 4110 2.5% by weight [polyoxyethylene (10 mol) oleic acid ester manufactured by Kao Corporation] -Emal E-70C 2.5% by weight % [Polyoxyethylene (3 mol) sodium lauryl ether sulfate manufactured by Kao Corporation] Water 85.0% by weight.

The obtained fertilizer composition for foliar application of plant was applied to 30
Dilute to 0 times and apply to apple (cultivar: Fuji) mature trees at the latter half of the period, ie, every month in August, September, October and November, 100 liters / 100 m ² (10 ares) of each composition. ) Was sprayed 4 times in total, apple fruits were harvested at an appropriate maturity stage, and the calcium concentration in the fruit juice was quantitatively analyzed by ICP (inductively coupled plasma analysis). As a comparative product, a 10% calcium propionate aqueous solution, 10% Ca was used instead of the fertilizer composition using the above-mentioned calcium carboxylate.
The same test was conducted using an aqueous Cl ₂ solution. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0034]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, the amount of calcium in the fruit juice of each of the products of the present invention was higher than that of the comparative product, and particularly, the calcium salt of the medium chain fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms was contained. It can be seen that the calcium absorbability is good when the composition described above is used.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05B 1/00-C05G 5/00

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. Caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid,
Lauric acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, dimer acid,
Gluconic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric
Acid or glucuronic acid
A fertilizer for plant foliar application, which contains the calcium salt of rubonic acid as the active ingredient. 2. The carboxylic acid is one or two selected from caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid and lauric acid.
Claim 1 Symbol placing plant foliar fertilizer is species or more. 3. A fertilizer composition for plant leaf spraying, which comprises an aqueous dispersion or emulsion containing the fertilizer for plant leaf spraying according to claim 1 or 2 and a surfactant. 4. The surfactant is a nonionic surfactant and / or
Alternatively, the fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage according to claim 3 , which is an anionic surfactant. 5. The leaf surface of a plant according to claim 4 , wherein the nonionic surfactant is at least one selected from polyol fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene polyol fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether and polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester. Fertilizer composition for spraying. 6. The anionic surfactant is lecithin, a fatty acid salt, an alkylbenzene sulfonate, an alkyl sulfate salt, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate salt, a linear or branched alkyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and a salt thereof, and a direct surfactant. The fertilizer composition for plant foliar application according to claim 5, which is at least one selected from chain or branched alkenyl polyoxyalkylene ether acetic acid and salts thereof. 7. The fertilizer composition for spraying plant foliage according to any one of claims 3 to 6 , further comprising a chelating agent.