JP3463677B2 - How to determine the epicenter - Google Patents
How to determine the epicenterInfo
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- JP3463677B2 JP3463677B2 JP2001308218A JP2001308218A JP3463677B2 JP 3463677 B2 JP3463677 B2 JP 3463677B2 JP 2001308218 A JP2001308218 A JP 2001308218A JP 2001308218 A JP2001308218 A JP 2001308218A JP 3463677 B2 JP3463677 B2 JP 3463677B2
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Description
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、地震観測網の複数
の観測点からデータを収集して地震の震源位置を決定す
る震源位置の決定法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of determining a hypocenter position by collecting data from a plurality of observation points of an earthquake observation network to determine the epicenter position of an earthquake.
【従来の技術】大地震が発生すると、Ｐ波が到着し、そ
の後、振幅の大きいＳ波主要動が到着する。地震発生直
後の、振幅の大きいＳ波が到着する前に正確な震源位置
や規模が決定され、その大きさが推定されれば、被害予
測を行うことが可能である。そして、被害が想定される
場合には、列車の速度を落とすとか、工場の各種機械を
非常停止させるなど、各種防災対策を迅速に実行するこ
とができ、そのことにより災害の大幅な軽減が期待でき
る。従来の自動震源位置の決定では、日本周辺域で地震
が発生すると、防災科学技術研究所、気象庁、大学等の
地震観測網観測点のそれぞれにおけるＰ波、Ｓ波の到着
時刻が計算機で自動的に読み取られ、そのデータを用い
て震源位置やマグニチュードが決定されている。震源位
置決定の未知パラメータの数は、４であることから、震
源位置の決定には、最低でも、３観測点以上のＰ波とＳ
波、あるいは４観測点以上のＰ波データが必要である。
しかも、自動的に到着時刻を読み取る場合には、ノイズ
とか、別の地震の到着時刻を読み取る場合もあり、安定
した解を得るには１０観測点程度以上のデータが必要で
ある。2. Description of the Related Art When a large earthquake occurs, a P wave arrives and then an S wave main motion having a large amplitude arrives. Immediately after the earthquake, before the arrival of the large-amplitude S-wave, the accurate epicenter position and scale are determined, and if the magnitude is estimated, it is possible to predict damage. If damage is expected, it is possible to quickly implement various disaster prevention measures such as slowing down train speeds and emergency stop of various machines in the factory, which is expected to greatly reduce disasters. it can. In the conventional automatic epicenter position determination, when an earthquake occurs in the area around Japan, the arrival time of P wave and S wave at each of the seismic observation network observation points of the Research Institute of Disaster Prevention, Meteorological Agency, University etc. is automatically calculated by the computer The source position and magnitude are determined by using the data. Since the number of unknown parameters for determining the epicenter location is four, at least three observation points or more P waves and S are required to determine the epicenter location.
Waves or P wave data from 4 or more observation points are required.
Moreover, when the arrival time is automatically read, noise or another arrival time of another earthquake may be read, and data of about 10 observation points or more is required to obtain a stable solution.
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、これまでに多
くの研究が行われているにもかかわらず、地震観測網デ
ータを用いた震源位置の決定のシステム開発は十分でな
く、現在のところ、震源位置の決定されるのは、主要動
到着後になっている。しかも、一般的に、震源位置決定
の解は、不安定で、かつ、自動読み取りを行うと、間違
った読み取りデータも混入することから、信頼性の高い
結果を得るには、多くの観測点のデータが必要であっ
た。このため、多くの観測点でＰ波が到着するのを待っ
て震源位置の決定が行われているが、多くのデータが収
集されるのを待つと、それだけ震源位置の決定に時間が
かかってしまう。さらに、間違った読み取りデータを除
去できず、安定した解が得られない場合があり、そのた
め、高感度地震観測網データを用いても主要動到着前の
震源位置の決定は困難であった。However, despite a lot of research being done so far, the system development for determining the epicenter position using seismic observation network data is not sufficient, and at present, The epicenter position is determined after the arrival of the main motion. Moreover, in general, the solution for determining the epicenter position is unstable, and if automatic reading is performed, incorrect reading data will also be mixed in. Therefore, in order to obtain reliable results, many observation points must be selected. Data was needed. For this reason, the epicenter position is determined by waiting for the P waves to arrive at many observation points, but when a lot of data is collected, it takes time to determine the epicenter position. I will end up. In addition, it may not be possible to remove erroneous read data, and a stable solution may not be obtained. Therefore, it was difficult to determine the hypocenter position before the main motion arrival even with the high-sensitivity seismic network data.
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するものであって、地震の正確な震源位置を少ない観
測データで主要動の到着時刻前に決定できるようにする
ものである。そのために本発明は、地震観測網の複数の
観測点からデータを収集して地震の震源位置を決定する
震源位置の決定法であって、少なくとも２観測点からの
Ｐ波の到着時刻データと該観測点以外の観測点からのＰ
波の未到着時刻データを収集し、前記Ｐ波の到着時刻デ
ータと未到着時刻データから両データを満足する範囲を
求めて震源位置を決定し、また、観測されたＰ波の到着
時刻データと、緯度、経度、深さを震源パラメータとし
て計算される理論値との残差、及び未到着時刻データの
残差を最小にする解を求めて震源位置を決定することを
特徴とし、未到着時刻データの残差が大きくなる到着時
刻データは、間違ったデータとして除去することを特徴
とするものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems and to enable an accurate epicenter position of an earthquake to be determined with a small amount of observation data before the arrival time of the main motion. Therefore, the present invention is a method for determining the epicenter position by collecting data from a plurality of observation points of an earthquake observation network to determine the epicenter position of an earthquake, and the arrival time data of P waves from at least two observation points and the P from observation points other than the observation point
The non-arrival time data of the waves is collected, the epicenter position is determined from the arrival time data and the non-arrival time data of the P-wave, and the range that satisfies both data is determined. , The latitude and longitude, the residual with the theoretical value calculated using the hypocenter parameter as the hypocenter parameter, and the non-arrival time data The arrival time data having a large data residual is characterized by being removed as erroneous data.
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照しつつ説明する。図１は本発明に係る震源位置の
決定法の実施の形態を説明するための図であり、１は震
源、２は曲線、３は範囲、４は領域、５はＰ波波面、
Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、……は観測点を示す。図１におい
ては、震源１で大きい地震が発生した場合、計器が故障
でない限り、その近傍に位置する観測点Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、
Ｄ、Ｅ、……では、必ず大きな地震動が観測される。従
来の震源位置の決定では、Ｐ波、Ｓ波の到着時刻データ
のみを利用しているが、本発明は、Ｐ波、Ｓ波の到着時
刻データの他に、ある観測点で、ある時刻までにＰ波が
到着しないというデータ（以下、未到着時刻データと呼
ぶ）を利用する。図１において、震源１からのＰ波波面
５に対し、その時刻でのＰ波到着観測点が▼の観測点
Ａ、Ｂであり、Ｐ波未到着観測点が▽の観測点Ｃ、Ｄ、
Ｅ、……である。上記のようにある大きい地震がある場
所（震源１）で発生し、ある時刻までに、観測点ＡとＢ
でＰ波が観測され、それ以外の観測点Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、……
ではＰ波もＳ波も観測されなかったとする。このこと
は、速度構造が極端に不均質でない限り、震源１と観測
点Ａ、Ｂとの距離は、それ以外の観測点Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、…
…のそれに比べて小さいことを意味している。このた
め、震源１は、観測点Ａ、Ｂまでの震央距離が、それ以
外の観測点Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、……までの震央距離に比べ小さ
いという条件を満足する領域４内に位置しなければなら
ない。この領域４を「Ｐ波が届かなくても良い領域」と
呼ぶこととすると、Ｐ波の到着時刻データと未到着時刻
データを利用することにより、このＰ波が届かなくても
良い領域４が設定でき、この領域以外の解は、データを
満足しないことになる。つまり、Ｐ波が届かなくても良
い領域４は、この中に震源１が位置するとき、観測点
Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、……が未到着観測点になるという領域であ
り、仮にその外に震源１が位置するならば、到着観測点
Ａ、Ｂ以外の観測点Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、……のいずれかが到着
観測点になっていなければならないことを意味する。し
たがって、Ｐ波が届かなくても良い領域４は、震源１と
未到着観測点との位置関係に依存し、例えば観測点Ｄ、
Ｅがもっと震源１に近ければ、その上側は圧縮された形
状になり、逆にもっと遠ければ、その上側はもっと膨れ
た形状になる。例えば、２観測点Ａ、ＢのＰ波の到着時
刻が得られると、その差を満足する震源１は、地表で求
めると曲線２上に位置することになり、それを深さ方向
に拡大すると曲面上に位置することになる。したがっ
て、３観測点の場合には、地表で求めると１点に、さら
に深さ方向に拡大すると曲線上に震源１が位置すること
になる。ここに、Ｐ波の未到着時刻データを利用する
と、震源１は、Ｐ波が届かなくてもよい領域４の中に存
在しなければならないことから、両者を満足する範囲３
から震源１の位置が決定される。日本国内で発生する地
震の場合には、Ｐ波が届かなくても良い領域４の水平方
向の広がりが数ｋｍ程度になり、未到着時刻データを加
えることにより、２〜３観測点のデータのみでも、精度
の高い解が得られる。以下に、具体的な計算方法につい
て説明する。まず、ｊ観測点では、Ｐ波が到着してお
り、その時刻をＰj とする。ｉ観測点では、地震波形デ
ータが時刻Ｑiまで届いているが、Ｐ波が到着していな
いとすると、Ｐ波の未到着時刻データはＱi で与えられ
る。観測されたＰ波の到着時刻と、その理論値との残差
Ｒpjは、
Ｒpj＝Ｐj −Ｔhj（φ，λ，ｈ）−Ｔ …… （１）
で与えられる。ここに、Ｔ、Ｔhjは発震時刻とｊ観測点
での理論走時で、φ、λ、ｈは震源パラメータの緯度、
経度、深さである。未到着時刻データの残差Ｒniは、
Ｒni＝Ｑi −Ｔhi（φ，λ，ｈ）−Ｔ …… （２）
ｉｆ Ｑi −Ｔhi−Ｔ＜−ε0
＝−ε（Δ，ｈ） …… （３）
ｉｆ Ｑi −Ｔhi−Ｔ≧−ε0
で与える。Ｔhiはｉ観測点での理論走時である。ε0 は
Ｐ波の到着時刻データの読み取り誤差と同程度の小さな
定数であり、例えば０．１秒とする。上式から明らかな
ように、到着予定時刻を過ぎても到着しない観測点の残
差が大きく、到着予定時刻に達しない観測点のそれは極
端に小さくなる。εはε0 より小さい実数で、震央距離
（Δ）、震源の深さ（ｈ）の適当な関数である。震源位
置は、
ρ2 ＝ΣｗpjＲpj 2 ＋ΣｗniＲni 2 …… （４）
を最小にさせるよう、未知パラメータを、グリッドサー
チで数値的に求める。ここで、ｗpj、ｗniはＰ波の到着
時刻データ、未到着時刻データの重みである。発震時刻
Ｔを、Ｐ波の到着時刻データの残差の平均値が０になる
ように求めれば、（４）式は最小になる。したがって、
数値的に解くのは、φ、λ、ｈの３パラメータである。
（３）式のεは、到着時刻データのみでは不定の解を、
適当な位置に決定させるためのものである。この関数を
地震活動の深さ分布等を考慮して、例えば
ε（Δ，ｈ）＝ε0 （１＋Ｃ1 Δ＋Ｃ2 （ｈ−ｈ0 ）） …… （５）
ｉｆ ｈ＜ｈ1
＝ε0 （１＋Ｃ1 Δ＋Ｃ3 ｈ） …… （６）
ｉｆ ｈ≧ｈ1
のように考えれば、不定の場合の解は、観測網近傍で適
当な深さに決定されるようになる。ここに、Ｃ1 、
Ｃ2 、ｈ0 、ｈ1 は適当な係数である。未到着時刻デー
タは、到着時刻データの補助として用いるものであり、
（４）式を最小にする解は、到着時刻データを満足する
解である必要がある。このため、未到着時刻データの重
みは、到着時刻データのそれに比べ極端に小さく、例え
ば１／１００程度にする必要がある。グリッドサーチで
求められた最良解の、残差の絶対値の平均値がある基準
値を越える場合には、Ｐ波の到着時刻の読み取りに間違
いがあると判定し、Ｓ／Ｎの小さい読み取りデータを除
去し、再度震源位置の決定を行う。リアルタイムで震度
決定を行う場合には、地震波形データを解析することに
より、Ｐ波の到着時刻を推定する必要があるが、推定さ
れた到着時刻の中には、人工的ノイズや、前震や別の地
震の到着時刻を誤ってＰ波の到着時刻と判定することが
少なくない。このため、従来の手法を用いる場合には、
少ない観測点のデータで信頼性の高い震源位置を決定す
ることは難しい。本発明に係る震源位置の決定法では、
上記のようにＰ波の到着時刻データに大きな間違いがあ
ると、震源位置は、実際の位置から大きくずれ、この結
果、未到着時刻データの残差が大きくなる。未到着時刻
データは、地震波が到着したか否かを判定することによ
り、決定される量であることから、この値を間違えて推
定する可能性は低い。したがって、得られた解が未到着
時刻データを満足しない場合には、到着時刻データに大
きな間違いがあると判定することができ、Ｐ波の到着時
刻データ数が２〜３点の場合でも、間違ったデータを発
見し、それを除去することが可能である。このため、本
発明を利用することにより、少ない観測データで信頼性
の高い震源位置の決定を行うことができる。なお、本発
明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、種々
の変形が可能である。例えば上記実施の形態では、発震
時刻Ｔを、Ｐ波の到着時刻データの残差の平均値が０に
なるように求め、未到着時刻データの残差を具体的に定
義する計算方法で説明したが、少なくとも２つの到着時
刻データと他の観測点の未到着時刻データとを使って震
源位置を決定するのであれば、他の手法を用いてもよ
い。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a method for determining a hypocenter position according to the present invention, in which 1 is a hypocenter, 2 is a curve, 3 is a range, 4 is a region, 5 is a P wavefront,
A, B, C, D, E, ... Show observation points. In Fig. 1, when a large earthquake occurs at the epicenter 1, unless there is a malfunction in the instrument, the observation points A, B, C, which are located in the vicinity thereof,
Large earthquake motions are always observed at D, E, .... In the conventional determination of the epicenter position, only the arrival time data of the P wave and the S wave are used, but the present invention uses the arrival time data of the P wave and the S wave as well as a certain observation point up to a certain time. The data that the P wave does not arrive at (hereinafter referred to as non-arrival time data) is used. In FIG. 1, for the P wave front 5 from the epicenter 1, the P wave arrival observation points at that time are observation points A and B, and the P wave non-arrival observation points are observation points C and D, respectively.
E, ... As mentioned above, a large earthquake occurred at a location (Focus 1), and by a certain time, observation points A and B
P wave was observed at the other observation points C, D, E, ...
Then, it is assumed that neither P wave nor S wave is observed. This means that unless the velocity structure is extremely inhomogeneous, the distance between the hypocenter 1 and the observation points A, B is the other observation points C, D, E, ...
It means smaller than that of ... For this reason, the epicenter 1 must be located in the region 4 that satisfies the condition that the epicenter distance to the observation points A and B is smaller than the epicenter distances to the other observation points C, D, E, .... I have to. When this area 4 is referred to as an “area where the P wave does not have to reach”, the area 4 which does not have to arrive by using the arrival time data and the non-arrival time data of the P wave It can be set, and solutions outside this area will not satisfy the data. That is, the region 4 where the P wave does not have to reach is the region where the observation points C, D, E, ... become non-arrival observation points when the epicenter 1 is located in this region, and if it is outside that region, If the epicenter 1 is located, it means that any of the observation points C, D, E, ... Other than the arrival observation points A and B must be the arrival observation points. Therefore, the region 4 in which the P wave may not reach depends on the positional relationship between the epicenter 1 and the unarriving observation point, and for example, the observation point D,
If E is closer to Epicenter 1, its upper side has a compressed shape, and if E is farther away, its upper side has a more swollen shape. For example, when the arrival times of the P waves at the two observation points A and B are obtained, the hypocenter 1 that satisfies the difference will be located on the curve 2 when calculated on the ground surface, and if it is expanded in the depth direction, It will be located on a curved surface. Therefore, in the case of three observation points, the epicenter 1 will be located at one point on the surface of the earth, and the epicenter 1 will be located on the curve when expanded further in the depth direction. If the P wave non-arrival time data is used here, the epicenter 1 must exist in the region 4 where the P wave does not have to reach, so that the range 3 that satisfies both
The location of hypocenter 1 is determined from. In the case of an earthquake that occurs in Japan, the horizontal spread of Region 4 that does not have to reach the P wave is about several kilometers, and by adding the non-arrival time data, only the data of 2-3 observation points However, a highly accurate solution can be obtained. The specific calculation method will be described below. First, the P wave has arrived at the j observation point, and its time is defined as P j . At the i observation point, if the seismic waveform data arrives until the time Q i, but the P wave does not arrive, the non-arrival time data of the P wave is given by Q i . The residual R pj between the observed arrival time of the P wave and its theoretical value is given by R pj = P j −T hj (φ, λ, h) −T (1). Where T and T hj are the focal time and the theoretical travel time at the j observation point, φ, λ, and h are the latitude of the epicenter parameter,
Longitude and depth. The residual R ni of the non-arrival time data is R ni = Q i −T hi (φ, λ, h) −T (2) if Q i −T hi −T <−ε 0 = −ε (Δ , H) (3) If Q i −T hi −T ≧ −ε 0 . T hi is the theoretical travel time at the i observation point. ε 0 is a small constant that is approximately the same as the reading error of the arrival time data of the P wave, and is, for example, 0.1 seconds. As is clear from the above equation, the residuals of the observation points that do not arrive after the scheduled arrival time are large, and those of the observation points that do not reach the scheduled arrival time are extremely small. ε is a real number smaller than ε 0 , and is an appropriate function of epicenter distance (Δ) and epicenter depth (h). For the epicenter position, ρ 2 = Σw pj R pj 2 + Σw ni R ni 2 (4) The unknown parameter is numerically obtained by grid search so as to minimize. Here, w pj and w ni are weights of arrival time data and non-arrival time data of P waves. If the seismic time T is calculated so that the average value of the residuals of the arrival time data of the P wave becomes 0, the equation (4) becomes the minimum. Therefore,
Numerically solved are three parameters of φ, λ, and h.
For ε in equation (3), an indefinite solution is obtained only by the arrival time data,
This is for determining to an appropriate position. Considering the depth distribution of seismic activity and the like, for example, ε (Δ, h) = ε 0 (1 + C 1 Δ + C 2 (h−h 0 )) (5) if h <h 1 = ε 0 (1 + C 1 Δ + C 3 h) (6) If it is considered that if h ≧ h 1 , the solution in the indefinite case will be determined to an appropriate depth near the observation network. Where C 1 ,
C 2 , h 0 and h 1 are appropriate coefficients. The non-arrival time data is used as an auxiliary to the arrival time data,
The solution that minimizes the equation (4) needs to satisfy the arrival time data. Therefore, the weight of the non-arrival time data is extremely smaller than that of the arrival time data, and needs to be, for example, about 1/100. If the average value of the absolute values of the residuals of the best solution obtained by the grid search exceeds a certain reference value, it is determined that the reading of the arrival time of the P wave is incorrect, and the read data with a small S / N is read. Is removed and the epicenter position is determined again. When making seismic intensity determination in real time, it is necessary to estimate the arrival time of the P wave by analyzing the seismic waveform data. However, in the estimated arrival time, artificial noise, foreshock, and other It is not uncommon for the earthquake arrival time to be erroneously determined to be the P wave arrival time. Therefore, when using the conventional method,
It is difficult to determine a reliable epicenter position from the data of few observation points. In the method of determining the epicenter position according to the present invention,
As described above, if there is a large error in the arrival time data of the P wave, the epicenter position will greatly deviate from the actual position, and as a result, the residual difference of the non-arrival time data will become large. Since the non-arrival time data is a quantity that is determined by determining whether or not the seismic wave has arrived, it is unlikely that this value is mistakenly estimated. Therefore, if the obtained solution does not satisfy the non-arrival time data, it can be determined that the arrival time data has a large error, and even if the number of arrival time data of the P wave is 2 to 3, it is incorrect. It is possible to find data that has been deleted and remove it. Therefore, by using the present invention, it is possible to determine the epicenter position with high reliability with a small amount of observation data. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the seismic time T is calculated so that the average of the residuals of the arrival time data of the P wave is 0, and the residual of the non-arrival time data is specifically defined. However, other methods may be used as long as the epicenter position is determined using at least two arrival time data and non-arrival time data of other observation points.
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば、地震観測網の複数の観測点からデータを収集
して地震の震源位置を決定する震源位置の決定法であっ
て、少なくとも２観測点からのＰ波の到着時刻データと
該観測点以外の観測点からのＰ波の未到着時刻データを
収集し、Ｐ波の到着時刻データと未到着時刻データから
両データを満足する範囲を求めて震源位置を決定し、ま
た、観測されたＰ波の到着時刻データと、緯度、経度、
深さを震源パラメータとして計算される理論値との残
差、及び未到着時刻データの残差を最小にする解を求め
て震源位置を決定するので、少なくとも２観測点からの
Ｐ波の到着時刻データが得られれば、未到着時刻データ
と合わせて即時的に震源位置を決定することができる。
さらに、未到着時刻データの残差が大きくなる到着時刻
データは、間違ったデータとして除去することにより、
間違ったデータを発見し、それを除去することが可能で
あり、主要動の到着時刻前に少ない観測データで信頼性
の高い正確な震源位置の決定を行うことができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for determining the epicenter position by collecting data from a plurality of observation points of the seismic observation network to determine the epicenter position of the earthquake. The arrival time data of P waves from at least two observation points and the non-arrival time data of P waves from the observation points other than the observation points are collected, and both data are satisfied from the arrival time data of P waves and the non-arrival time data. The epicenter position is determined by determining the range, and the arrival time data of the observed P wave, latitude, longitude,
Since the hypocenter position is determined by finding the solution that minimizes the residual with the theoretical value calculated using the depth as the epicenter parameter and the residual of the non-arrival time data, the arrival time of the P wave from at least two observation points is determined. Once the data is obtained, the epicenter position can be immediately determined by combining with the non-arrival time data.
Furthermore, by removing the arrival time data, which has a large residual difference of the non-arrival time data, as incorrect data,
It is possible to detect wrong data and remove it, and to make reliable and accurate hypocenter position determination with few observation data before the arrival time of the main motion.
【図１】 本発明に係る震源位置の決定法の実施の形態
を説明するための図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a method of determining a hypocenter position according to the present invention.
１…震源、２…曲線、３…範囲、４…領域、５…Ｐ波波
面、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、………観測点1 ... Earthquake source, 2 ... Curve, 3 ... Range, 4 ... Region, 5 ... P wavefront, A, B, C, D, E, ...
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (73)特許権者 501389235 根岸 弘明 茨城県つくば市天王台３−１ 独立行政 法人防災科学技術研究所内 (72)発明者 堀内 茂木 茨城県つくば市天王台３−１ 独立行政 法人防災科学技術研究所内 (72)発明者 藤縄 幸雄 茨城県つくば市天王台３−１ 独立行政 法人防災科学技術研究所内 (72)発明者 根岸 弘明 茨城県つくば市天王台３−１ 独立行政 法人防災科学技術研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平11−160447（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開2003−66152（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開2001−134865（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭62−46831（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 鈴木英之進、志村正道、根本泰雄、根 岸弘明，“最小メッセージ長基準の地震 波速度構造モデル推定問題への適用−近 畿・中国地方における結果−”，地震, 日本，日本地震学会，1996年 ３月12 日，第２輯、第48巻、第４号，ｐ．469 −478 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01V 1/00 - 1/52 ＪＩＣＳＴファイル（ＪＯＩＳ)─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (73) Patent holder 501389235 Hiroaki Negishi 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture Independent administrative agency, Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (72) Inventor Shigeki Horiuchi 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture Independent administrative agency Disaster Prevention Science and Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Yukio Fujinawa 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefectural Government Disaster Prevention Science and Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Hiroaki Negishi 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture Disaster Prevention Science and Technology Research Institute In-house (56) References JP-A-11-160447 (JP, A) JP-A-2003-66152 (JP, A) JP-A-2001-134865 (JP, A) JP-B-62-46831 (JP, B2) Hideyuki Suzuki Susumu, Masamichi Shimura, Yasuo Nemoto, Hiroaki Negishi, "Application of minimum message length criterion to seismic velocity structure model estimation problem-nearby Results in the Kinki and Chugoku regions- ", Earthquake, Japan, The Seismological Society of Japan, March 12, 1996, Part 2, Vol. 48, No. 4, p. 469-478 (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G01V 1/00-1/52 JISST file (JOIS)
Claims (3)
収集して地震の震源位置を決定する震源位置の決定法で
あって、少なくとも２観測点からのＰ波の到着時刻デー
タと該観測点以外の観測点からのＰ波の未到着時刻デー
タを収集し、前記Ｐ波の到着時刻データと未到着時刻デ
ータから両データを満足する範囲を求めて震源位置を決
定することを特徴とする震源位置の決定法。1. A method of determining a hypocenter position by collecting data from a plurality of observation points of an earthquake observation network to determine a hypocenter position of an earthquake, the arrival time data of P waves from at least two observation points, and the observation. Non-arrival time data of P waves from observation points other than the points are collected, and a hypocenter position is determined by obtaining a range satisfying both data from the arrival time data and non-arrival time data of the P waves. Method of determining the epicenter position.
収集して地震の震源位置を決定する震源位置の決定法で
あって、少なくとも２観測点からのＰ波の到着時刻デー
タと該観測点以外の観測点からのＰ波の未到着時刻デー
タを収集し、観測されたＰ波の到着時刻データと、緯
度、経度、深さを震源パラメータとして計算される理論
値との残差、及び未到着時刻データの残差を最小にする
解を求めて震源位置を決定することを特徴とする震源位
置の決定法。2. A method of determining a hypocenter position by collecting data from a plurality of observation points of an earthquake observation network to determine the epicenter position of an earthquake, the arrival time data of P waves from at least two observation points, and the observation. Non-arrival time data of P waves from observation points other than the observation points are collected, and residuals between the observed arrival times data of P waves and theoretical values calculated using the latitude, longitude, and depth as epicenter parameters, and A method for determining the epicenter position, which is characterized in that the epicenter position is determined by finding a solution that minimizes the residual of non-arrival time data.
着時刻データは、間違ったデータとして除去することを
特徴とする請求項２記載の震源位置の決定法。3. The method for determining the epicenter position according to claim 2, wherein the arrival time data having a large residual difference of the non-arrival time data is removed as erroneous data.
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| CN105759311A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-13 | 西南交通大学 | Near-real time earthquake source position positioning method |
| CN105954790A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Fast earthquake hypo-central distance estimation method for earthquake early warning system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4518551B2 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2010-08-04 | 特定非営利活動法人リアルタイム地震情報利用協議会 | Real-time earthquake risk prediction method |
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| JP4509837B2 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2010-07-21 | 財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Early earthquake specifications estimation method and system |
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| KR101768714B1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-08-17 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Method for increasing accuracy of epicenter location determination using removing outlier of triggered observation station |
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-
2001
- 2001-10-04 JP JP2001308218A patent/JP3463677B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 鈴木英之進、志村正道、根本泰雄、根岸弘明，"最小メッセージ長基準の地震波速度構造モデル推定問題への適用−近畿・中国地方における結果−"，地震，日本，日本地震学会，１９９６年 ３月１２日，第２輯、第４８巻、第４号，ｐ．４６９−４７８ |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105759311A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-13 | 西南交通大学 | Near-real time earthquake source position positioning method |
| CN105759311B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-11-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of near real-time earthquake source location positioning method |
| CN105954790A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Fast earthquake hypo-central distance estimation method for earthquake early warning system |
| CN105954790B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-12-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of quick earthquake focal length method of estimation for earthquake early-warning system |
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