JP3464151B2 - Weather radar equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a meteorological radar device, and more particularly to improvement of detection accuracy of meteorological phenomena such as lightning and microbursts caused by cumulonimbus clouds.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Meteorological radars are currently used for observing meteorological phenomena.
It has become an integral part of forecasting. Some meteorological phenomena include
There are things such as lightning and microbursts as well as wind shear resulting from microbursts. These particularly affect the operation of aircraft significantly, and lightning strikes on electric power facilities may cause power outages and damage people's lives and industries.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining a conventional weather radar for observing cumulonimbus clouds and predicting lightning. In the conventional technology, a weather radar 2 using a centimeter wave (for example, a radio wave in the 5 GHz band) is used to observe the cloud top height of cumulonimbus by scanning with different elevation angles, wind speed, rainfall (or reflection intensity).
By detecting the lightning and collecting the lightning conditions, the lightning was detected and predicted.

Further, the "downdraft velocity estimation device for a microburst precursor detection system" disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-502341 discloses a downdraft in a cumulonimbus cloud by utilizing the Doppler shift of a radar reception signal. Estimate and predict microburst. Specifically, a set of beams with offset angles to each other in the elevation sector is used. The averaged Doppler frequency is calculated by processing the reflected waves of each beam, and the wind speeds in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated based on the average value and the difference. For example, based on the observation of a downward wind inside the cumulonimbus, it is predicted that a gust of wind from the bottom of the cumulonimbus toward the ground surface will eventually occur.

[0005]

The conventional lightning prediction based on cloud top height, wind speed, and rainfall is an indirect method, and data is accumulated to improve the accuracy of lightning occurrence and lightning time. There is a problem that it requires experience in the work of extracting and tuning parameters, and that there is a limit to the improvement of accuracy because it is indirect.
In addition, there is a problem that the timing of the prediction is at the latter stage of growth when the cumulonimbus has grown sufficiently, and it cannot be predicted until immediately before the lightning strike.

A technique for observing the wind speed inside cumulonimbus based on the Doppler velocity to predict a microburst is also available.
Since the downward wind speed leading to the microburst is already generated, there is a problem that the time from prediction to the occurrence of the microburst is short, and sufficient time for coping cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a weather radar device capable of predicting the occurrence of lightning and microburst at an early stage.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems A meteorological data device according to the present invention comprises a radar transmitting / receiving section for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave radio waves for a plurality of elevation angles, and signal processing for detecting a predetermined weather condition based on an echo intensity distribution. In the meteorological radar device including a unit, the signal processing unit determines whether the echo intensity distribution has an intensity equal to or higher than a predetermined reflectance determined based on the echo intensity of ice crystals by the cell. Echo caused by a cell is extracted, and the extracted echo is processed for multiple times to detect cell descent, and cell descent detection means is provided, and it is possible to predict the occurrence of a predetermined meteorological phenomenon below the descent cell. It is characterized by

In the weather radar device according to the present invention,
The signal processing unit includes an altitude detection unit that detects that the descending cell has reached a predetermined altitude, and a weather phenomenon prediction unit that predicts the occurrence of a predetermined weather phenomenon based on the arrival of the cell at a predetermined altitude. It is characterized by

In the weather radar device according to the present invention,
The cell descent detection means is a unit volume having each of the echo intensity distribution and having the predetermined high reflectance, and a horizontal interval between the unit volumes and an echo from among combinations of unit volumes belonging to different times. Detects those that have a correlation based on the intensity difference,
The cell descent is detected based on a change in altitude of the unit volume in the combination in which the correlation is detected.

A meteorological radar device according to the present invention is a wide-area radar transmission / reception unit having a wider coverage area than the radar transmission / reception unit, and an observation target to be observed by the radar transmission / reception unit based on a received signal of the wide-area radar transmission / reception unit. And a control unit that determines an area and controls the operation of the radar transmission / reception unit.

A meteorological radar device according to the present invention comprises a plurality of the radar transmitter / receivers arranged at different points, and a centimeter wave wide band radar transmitter / receiver having a wider coverage than the radar transmitter / receiver. And a control unit that determines an observation target region to be observed by the radar transmission / reception unit based on a reception signal of the wide-area radar transmission / reception unit and controls the operation of each of the radar transmission / reception units.

[0013]

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a weather radar device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This device includes a radar transmitting / receiving unit 2, a signal processing unit 4, and a display unit 6.

The radar transmitting / receiving section 2 includes a radar antenna 20.
The radar antenna 20 is configured so as to be capable of rotating scanning in the azimuth direction and sector scanning in the elevation direction. The transmitter / receiver 22 radiates radio waves in the centimeter wave band via the radar antenna 20, and receives the reflected waves.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining radar beam scanning in the observation of cumulonimbus clouds by this apparatus. The radar antenna 20 controls the elevation angle to scan the range from the cloud top to the bottom of the cumulonimbus 24, and based on the echo, this apparatus observes a change in the altitude of the cell 26 described later to predict a predetermined meteorological phenomenon. It is a thing.

The received signal detected by the radar transmitter / receiver 2 is input to the signal processor 4. The signal processing unit 4 performs general signal processing on a received signal for a radar device and also performs a cell descent detection processing unit 32 that performs processing according to the present invention.
The altitude detection processing unit 34 and the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36 are included.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the growth process of cumulonimbus, which is a vertical cross-sectional view of cumulonimbus. The outline of the characteristic processing of this apparatus will be described using this. Figure 3
(A)-(c) has shown the early stage of growth, the middle stage of growth, and the latter stage of growth, respectively. As the cloud grows, the cloud top height increases in the order of the initial cloud 50, the middle cloud 52, and the latter cloud 54. In addition, with growth, the state of water constituting the cloud changes. The cloud 50 in the initial stage is composed of, for example, fine water droplets such as water vapor and has a frequency of, for example, 5 GHz.
It is difficult to observe with a centimeter-wave radar beam such as a band. When the cloud 52 in the middle stage is reached, the size of the water droplet becomes large, and the cell 26, which is an area cooled above the inside of the cloud 52, for example, grows along with the growth of water droplets and ice particles. Begin the descent. At this stage, it is unlikely that it will be raining under the clouds. When it becomes the cloud 54 in the latter stage, the cloud top height becomes, for example, 10 km, water droplets further grow, and it begins to rain under the clouds. At this stage, the cell 26 that had descended inside the cloud reached the vicinity of the surface of the earth, and the air pushed down by the cell 26 was blown from the bottom of the cloud toward the surface of the earth, and a gust of wind was generated in the area below the cloud. It is more likely to occur. This balloon can be a microburst. Further, the cell 26 is charged, and the amount of charge is further increased due to friction in the descending process. Then, when the cell 26 reaches the surface of the earth, the insulation between the cell 26 and the surface of the earth is not maintained, and the possibility of lightning increases. In addition, the descending of the cell 26 can occur in a short time.

Now, the cell drop detection processing section 32 of the present apparatus.
Detects the descent of the descending cell 26 based on the echo of the cell itself. The altitude detection processing unit 34 is the cell 2
6 detects, for example, that the micro-burst or lightning has not yet been generated, but has descended to a predetermined altitude at which caution should be taken, and the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36 determines that the cell 26 has reached the predetermined altitude. And predict the occurrence of a predetermined meteorological phenomenon.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of characteristic processing performed by the signal processing unit of the present apparatus. When the volume data of the echo observed by the radar transmitting / receiving unit 2, that is, the reflection intensity data is input to the signal processing unit 4 (S100), the cell detection processing unit 30 sequentially obtains the reflection intensity data of each point constituting the scanning volume. , Is selected (S105), and it is determined whether the data is effective reflection intensity data having an intensity equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value (S110). This threshold value (effective reflection intensity) is determined based on the echo intensity generated by the cell 26, and, for example, the echo that is not caused by the cell 26 is basically removed by this processing S110.

When the data selected in step S105 is the effective reflection intensity data, coordinate conversion from the polar coordinate system centering on the radar transmitting / receiving section 2 to the orthogonal coordinate system is performed. That is, regarding the coordinates of the data of the point selected in the process S105, the coordinates (R, θ, φ) represented by the distance R, the azimuth angle θ, and the elevation angle φ with respect to the radar transmission / reception unit 2 are set in the horizontal plane. Conversion into coordinates (x, y, z) represented by x and y axes that are two orthogonal axes that define a position and az axis that represents height is performed. Then, the data is registered as an element of a set of live effective reflection intensity data, which is data used in the subsequent processing among the data obtained by the latest scanning of the radar antenna 20 (S120). On the other hand, if it is determined in the process S110 that the data is not the effective reflection intensity data, the process S115 and the process S120 are not performed because they are not basically used in the subsequent processes. The above processes S105 to S120 are repeated for each point of the volume.

When the creation of the effective reflection intensity data set at the latest time t ₀ is completed, the two preceding times t ₋₁ ,
At t _-2 (t ₀ > t _-1 > t _-2 ), processing S105 to S1
The effective reflection intensity data set created by 20 is read by the cell detection processing unit 30 (S125). The cell detection processing unit 30 determines that these three consecutive times t _-2 , t _-1 , and t.
_The subsequent processing is performed using ₀ .

The volume to be processed is partitioned based on the x and y coordinate values. This section is called a segment and is used as a unit for subsequent processing. The segment is, for example,
It is a quadrangular prism-shaped space region extending in the vertical direction obtained by dividing the volume in the x-axis and y-axis directions at regular intervals. Segments to be processed are sequentially selected from the plurality of segments (S130).

When the segment is selected, the effective reflection intensity data included in the segment are selected one by one (S135), and the base echo cell is defined for the data (S140). FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a base echo cell. The area in the volume where each effective reflection intensity data is observed has a finite extent according to the spatial resolution of the radar transmitting / receiving unit 2, for example. This finite observation unit area is called a unit volume. The base echo cell corresponding to the processing target data selected in the processing S135 has a spread in a horizontal plane defined by a circle having a predetermined effective radius r centered on the unit volume 150 of the processing target data. ing. The base echo cells corresponding to the effective reflection intensity data respectively selected from the respective segments have a common effective radius r and the position coordinates (a, b, b) in the orthogonal coordinate system of the unit volume corresponding to each effective reflection intensity data. h) and the reflection intensity Z at that point.

In the following process S145, the effective reflection intensity data in the past (time t _-2 , t _-1 ) having a correlation with the effective reflection intensity data defined in the base echo cell is searched. As a result, a combination of unit volumes having a mutual correlation at times t _-2 , t _-1 , and t ₀ is obtained. The combination having the correlation obtained here is highly likely to be the positions of a single unit volume at different times. FIG. 6 shows the correlation processing S145 of the base echo cell.
3 is a detailed flowchart of FIG. A previous one, that is, a set of effective reflection intensity data at time t ₋₁ is extracted from the effective reflection intensity data set input in step S125 (S200), and each effective reflection intensity data is obtained from the set. The selected unit volume whose horizontal coordinate is within the circle of radius r of the base echo cell is selected (S20).
5). Effective reflection intensity data to be determined is sequentially extracted from the subset formed in step S205 (S21).
0), it is determined whether the difference between the effective reflection intensity data and the reflection intensity Z of the base echo cell is within the allowable variation value (S215). If the difference is within the allowable fluctuation range,
The coordinate information of the unit volume corresponding to the data is registered in the data set C _-1 determined to be correlated with the previous time (S220). The determination process S215 based on the reflection intensity difference is performed on each data selected in the process S205, and when the determination process is completed (S225), the process proceeds to a process S230 of creating a combination of three unit volumes to be the determination targets of descent.

Further, regarding the effective reflection intensity data at the observation time t _-2 of the previous two times, the above-mentioned steps S200 to S22 are also performed.
The same processes S240 to S265 as in 5 are performed, and the data set C _-2 determined to have the correlation with the time before the previous time is created. After that, the process proceeds to the creation process S230 of the combination of the three unit volumes to be the descent determination target.

In step S230, one element is extracted from each of the correlation determination data sets C _-1 and C _-2 for the previous observation time t _-1 and the _two- previous observation time t _-2 created in the above processing, and these elements are extracted. Create all three unit volume combinations formed by two and the base echo cell.

[0029] Returning to FIG. 4, for any combination of three unit volume created in the process S145, a result of comparison z-coordinate of the unit volume at the three time contained in it, the time t _-2, t _{chromatography When} it is determined that the altitude decreases in the order of ₁ and t ₀ , that is, when the unit volume corresponding to the base echo cell is falling (S300), whether the altitude of the base echo cell is lower than a predetermined altitude threshold value or not. Is determined (S305). This processing S305 is performed by the altitude detection processing unit 34. If it is determined that the altitude of the base echo cell is lower than the threshold,
It is determined that the cell 26 has reached the predetermined altitude threshold value, and the information of the base echo cell is registered as the descending echo cell in the segment (S310). When the descending echo cell is detected, the above processing is repeated for another segment (S315). On the other hand, process S
If it is determined in 300 that the base echo cell has not dropped, or if the base echo cell has dropped, the determination processing S
If it is determined in 305 that the predetermined altitude threshold has not been reached, it is checked whether or not there is unselected effective reflection intensity data in the same segment (S320), and if it is determined that it exists (S325), the processing is performed. The process returns to S135, selects it as the processing target effective reflection intensity data, and repeats the above processing. If all the effective reflection intensity data in the same segment have been processed, the above process is performed for other segments.

In this way, processing is performed for all segments, and a set of descending echo cells for each segment is obtained. This set of descent echo cell data is passed to the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36 (S330). afterwards,
At the next observation time, the effective reflection intensity data set is updated on the basis of the reflection intensity data (S335), and the same processing is performed for each time, the descent detection processing unit 32 and the altitude detection processing unit 34.
Will be repeated.

The meteorological phenomenon prediction processing section 36 predicts the possibility of a meteorological phenomenon such as microburst or lightning, based on the data of the descending echo cell. At that time, the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36 predicts the scale and the occurrence region of the meteorological phenomenon according to the number and range of the segments in which the falling echo cells are detected. It is also possible to adjust the timing and accuracy of occurrence of those meteorological phenomena by adjusting the altitude threshold in step S305. For example, by increasing the altitude threshold value, it is possible to make early prediction, and by lowering it, the margin time until occurrence becomes shorter, but the probability of occurrence, location, and accuracy of timing prediction can be improved. Ah

Further, the altitude threshold value for the echo echo cell determination in the process S305 is configured by taking in data obtained by other than the radar device, such as temperature and humidity, to determine the altitude threshold.
Appropriate weather forecasts will be possible. For example, the altitude threshold can be changed according to the season.

Incidentally, the descent detection processing unit 32, the altitude detection processing unit 34, and the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36 in the signal processing unit 4 can be realized as a program executed by a CPU (central processing unit).

The display unit 6 displays, for example, an echo image of a vertical cross section of cumulonimbus, or superimposes the echo image on the echo image to perform processing S30.
Some display is made at a position corresponding to the altitude of the base echo cell determined to be descending at 0. Further, by displaying the distribution map of the segment in which the descending echo cell is detected, the prediction result can be visually presented to the observer.

A feature of the present invention is that the occurrence of microburst or lightning is predicted at an early stage by detecting the descent of the cell 26 in the cumulonimbus that causes the microburst or lightning. Here, the process of detecting the descent of the cell 26 based on the echo intensity distribution of the radar in the descent detection processing unit 32 is not limited to the above. The above process
In a sense, this is a microscopic process of detecting the drop of the unit volume forming the cell 26 based on the correlation of the unit volumes and determining whether or not it has reached a predetermined altitude threshold. On the other hand, for example, a macro approach is possible in which the entire area of the cell 26 is detected based on the fact that the reflection intensity is high and the descending of the entire area is observed to predict the occurrence of the meteorological phenomenon. Is. For example, such an approach could allow the size of the cell 26 to be ascertained and reflected in the prediction of the meteorological event that occurs.

[Embodiment 2] Both growth of ice crystals and water droplets can occur in the cloud, but since the growth rate of ice crystals is higher than that of water droplets, the amount of phase change from water vapor to ice crystals is small. In most and most precipitation phenomena, there is a process in which water in the atmosphere becomes ice crystals.

However, the centimeter-wave radar is less sensitive to ice crystals than precipitation particles. On the other hand, the millimeter-wave radar is characterized in that it can obtain an echo image of ice crystals at the cloud particle stage with sufficient intensity. The meteorological radar device according to the second embodiment of the present invention utilizes this fact.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a weather radar device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. This device is different from the devices of the above-described embodiments in that the radar transmitting / receiving unit 402 transmits / receives a millimeter-wave radar beam instead of a centimeter wave. Accordingly, the radar antenna 420 and the transmitter / receiver 422 corresponding to millimeter waves are used.

The descent detection processing unit 3 of the signal processing unit 4 of this apparatus
2, the altitude detection processing unit 34, the meteorological phenomenon prediction processing unit 36,
Processing similar to that of the above-described embodiment is basically performed on the received signal from the radar transmitting / receiving unit 2 using such millimeter waves.

However, the present apparatus can accurately observe the cloud development period before the start of precipitation by observing the ice crystals appearing during the meteorological phenomenon. Can detect and observe the descent of the cell 26 from an early stage where a large amount of ice crystals are contained. Therefore, weather phenomena such as microburst and lightning can be observed from an earlier stage, and accurate prediction can be performed. Since the present device detects the cell 26 in the sky above the device according to the first embodiment and detects the descent of the cell 26 earlier, the process S305 shown in FIG.
The predetermined altitude threshold of is basically set higher than that of the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a weather radar system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The meteorological radar system includes a plurality of meteorological radar devices. Specifically, the present system uses a centimeter wave weather radar device 500 for observing using a centimeter wave.
Millimeter wave radar device 502 for observing using satellite and millimeter waves
It is configured to include and. As described above, the radar device using the centimeter wave can observe the state where precipitation particles are formed, that is, the state where it is raining, but the development state where precipitation particles are not yet formed is observed. Difficult to do. This developing state can be observed by a millimeter-wave radar device that can obtain ice crystal echoes. On the other hand, the centimeter wave has a characteristic that the coverage area is larger than that of the millimeter wave.

The present system utilizes the difference in properties between the centimeter wave and the millimeter wave. The centimeter wave weather radar device 500 observes a wide area, and the millimeter wave meteorological radar device 502 is the centimeter wave meteorological radar device. It is used as a precision radar that operates based on 500 observation results. The centimeter wave weather radar device 500 may be the weather radar device according to the first embodiment or may be a general weather radar device. On the other hand, the millimeter wave weather radar device 502 is basically the weather radar device according to the second embodiment.

For example, a centimeter wave weather radar device 500
Observes the overall weather in a wide area, for example, where the rain zone spreads and where it is moving, and transmits it to the millimeter-wave weather radar device 502. The millimeter-wave weather radar device 502 limits the scanning range of the radar to the direction in which the weather deteriorates, for example, based on the information from the centimeter-wave weather radar device 500, to improve the time resolution, or when the weather deteriorates. By processing only the received signal from the area expected to come, it is possible to reduce the load on the signal processing unit 4.

The millimeter-wave weather radar device 502 can be arranged at the same point as the centimeter-wave weather radar device 500, but can also be arranged at different points.

Further, a plurality of millimeter wave weather radar devices 502 can be arranged in the coverage area of the centimeter wave weather radar device 500. For example, the millimeter-wave weather radar device 502 can be arranged near an airport or a base where electric power equipment exists, and each of the weather radar devices can be controlled by the observation result from the centimeter-wave weather radar device 500. . In this case, the centimeter wave weather radar device 500 and the millimeter wave weather radar device 502 are connected using a communication line such as a telephone line.

By supplementing the properties of the millimeter-wave radar, which is greatly attenuated by the atmosphere, with the centimeter-wave radar capable of wide-area observation, the millimeter-wave weather radar device 502 can predict the lightning and microburst with higher accuracy. It is possible to provide effective prediction information to each site.

[0047]

According to the meteorological radar device of the present invention, the cell descent is detected based on the echo intensity distributions at a plurality of times, and the occurrence of a meteorological phenomenon therebelow is predicted based on the detected cell descent. According to the present invention, by directly detecting the drop of the cell that causes micro-bursts and lightnings before they occur before they occur, it is possible to obtain an early prediction of those meteorological phenomena.

Further, according to the meteorological radar device of the present invention, it has a wide area radar transmission / reception section, and the operation of the radar transmission / reception section is controlled based on the received signal of the wide area radar transmission / reception section. As a result, the wide area radar transmission / reception unit can detect the situation of a global weather phenomenon and predict that the meteorological phenomenon to be observed will reach or occur in the scanning range of the radar transmission / reception unit. The department will not miss the desired meteorological phenomenon, and the effect that the time until detection of the meteorological phenomenon to be observed can be omitted is obtained.

Further, according to the meteorological radar device of the present invention, the radar transmitting / receiving section transmits / receives radio waves in the millimeter wave band to obtain an echo of the distribution of ice crystals before the precipitation particles are generated. The altitude threshold value in the altitude detection processing unit can be set at a high position where ice crystals exist, rather than at a low position where precipitation particles are generated, and an effect of enabling earlier prediction can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a weather radar device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating radar beam scanning in cumulonimbus observation by this apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross section of cumulonimbus showing the growth process of cumulonimbus.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of characteristic processing performed by a signal processing unit of the present apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the concept of a base echo cell related to the processing of this device.

FIG. 6 is a detailed flowchart of the correlation processing of the base echo cell.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a weather radar device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a weather radar system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional weather radar that predicts lightning by observing cumulonimbus clouds.

[Explanation of symbols]

2,402 radar transmitting / receiving section, 4 signal processing section, 6 display section, 20,420 radar antenna, 22,422 transceiver, 24 cumulonimbus, 26 cell, 32 cell descent detection processing section, 34 altitude detection processing section, 36 meteorological phenomenon Prediction processing unit, 500-centimeter wave weather radar device, 502 Millimeter-wave weather radar device.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Toshio Wakayama 2-3-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Inventor Kuri Tanaka 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi (56) Reference JP-A-8-122433 (JP, A) JP-A-62-118283 (JP, A) JP-A-7-110378 (JP, A) JP-A-10-227872 (JP , A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01S ⁷ /00-7/42 G01S 13/00-13/95 G01W 1/00-1/10

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A meteorological radar device comprising: a radar transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave radio waves for a plurality of elevation angles; and a signal processing unit for detecting a predetermined weather condition based on an echo intensity distribution, The signal processing unit, with respect to the echo intensity distribution, determines whether or not it has an intensity equal to or higher than a predetermined reflectance determined based on the echo intensity of ice crystals by the cell, extracts the echo caused by the cell, and extracts the extracted echo. A meteorological radar device comprising: a cell descent detection unit that detects cell descent by processing at a plurality of times, and is capable of predicting occurrence of a predetermined meteorological phenomenon below the descending cell. 2. The meteorological radar device according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit detects altitude of the descending cell reaching a predetermined altitude, and based on arrival of the cell at a predetermined altitude. A weather radar device comprising: a weather phenomenon prediction unit that predicts occurrence of a predetermined weather phenomenon. 3. The meteorological radar device according to claim 1, wherein the cell descent detection unit is a unit volume having each of the echo intensity distributions and having the predetermined high reflectance, and the unit volumes are different from each other. From among the combinations of those belonging to the time, the ones having a correlation based on the horizontal interval and the echo intensity difference between the unit volumes are detected, and the correlation of the altitude of the unit volume in the combination is detected. A meteorological radar device, comprising: detecting a drop of the cell based on a change. 4. The meteorological radar device according to claim 1, wherein a wide-area radar transmitter / receiver of a centimeter wave band having a wider coverage than the radar transmitter / receiver, and reception of the wide-area radar transmitter / receiver. Based on the signal, determine the observation target area to be observed by the radar transceiver,
A weather radar device comprising: a control unit that controls the operation of the radar transmission / reception unit. 5. The meteorological radar device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the radar transceivers arranged at different points and a wide-area radar having a wider coverage area than the radar transceivers. Transmitting and receiving unit, based on the received signal of the wide area radar transmitting and receiving unit, to determine the observation target region to be observed by the radar transmitting and receiving unit,
A weather radar device comprising: a control unit that controls the operation of each of the radar transmission / reception units.