JP3466231B2 - Garbage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage fermentation / decomposition process for fermenting garbage mainly discharged from a commercial kitchen so that the garbage can be used as compost. It is about the machine. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a fermenter has two tanks, and when one of the two tanks is full, it is charged into the other, and one of the two tanks is alternately charged so as to perform fermentation decomposition. The technology relating to a continuous garbage fermentation decomposition processing machine is known. In the conventional garbage disposer, control of the temperature, stirring rotation speed, stirring time, air supply / exhaust, etc. of the two divided fermenters was simultaneously performed in the same process from a control box adjacent to the fermenter. [0003] However, in the prior art, the tank for drying and crushing the garbage and the tank for fermentation decomposition of the raw garbage are controlled at the same time under the same conditions. . However, the conditions for drying and crushing garbage and the conditions for fermenting and decomposing are basically different. For example, in a drying and crushing tank, the garbage is temporarily heated to high temperature and dried, and then stirred for a period of time and rotated. The condition of crushing with a large number is necessary. On the other hand, in the fermentation / decomposition tank, it is necessary to maintain the optimum temperature for the propagation of fermentation bacteria and to perform stirring in the minimum range. It takes a very long time to ferment to make a compost, and there is a problem that it cannot be efficiently treated. [0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described. Garbage of two tanks alternate charging continuous processing method
This is a fermentation decomposition processing machine, which is divided into two fermentation chambers 1a.
1b, stirring rotation speed of the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b, and stirring
During the air supply and exhaust by the air blower 8 and the exhaust by the exhaust blower 9
Is configured to be controlled independently in each fermenter,
In the fermentation rooms 1a and 1b, one of the fermentation rooms
The garbage can be easily crushed during the garbage input period.
Temporarily heat to a high temperature, and rotate the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b.
Increase the turnover time and number of revolutions, while the other fermentation room is
The fermentation bacterium propagates and is active during the pause fermentation period.
When the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b are rotating
Between the two tanks
A timer for switching between the injection period and the pause fermentation period
Alternatively, it can be switched by the number of garbage throws.
Garbage disposal machine . Next, the operation will be described. In the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b of the garbage disposer A of the two-tank alternate charging continuous processing system, the garbage is heated at a high temperature temporarily during the garbage charging period so that the garbage can be easily crushed. The rotation time and the number of rotations are increased, and during the pause fermentation period, the temperature is kept constant so that the fermenting bacteria can proliferate and become active.
Since the rotation time and the number of rotations of b are minimized, the garbage can be fermented and decomposed at a high speed. Next, the structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a front view of the garbage disposal machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram of a drive system, FIG. 4 is a time chart of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view of the lid portion. 1 and 2, the configuration of the garbage processing machine of the present invention will be described. The garbage disposer A of the present invention is composed of a fermenter B for agitating and fermenting garbage, and a control box C for controlling the fermenter B. The inside of the fermenter B is divided into left and right symmetric fermentation chambers 1a and 1b by a central partition plate 2, and a stirring claw shaft 4a in which stirring claws 3, 3,... , A stirring claw 3 in the fermentation chamber 1b
The stirring claw shaft 4b in which 3 is planted is suspended.
Lids 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are disposed symmetrically in the upper part of the fermenter B in correspondence with the fermentation chambers 1a, 1b, respectively, and the lids 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are provided with inlets. 7
a.7b is open. A screw conveyor 5a is disposed below the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b, and a screw conveyor 5b is disposed on the side of the fermentation chamber 1b. The screw conveyors 5a and 5b are driven by a motor M2, and after the fermentation treatment, Compost is discharged. The control box C is disposed on one side of the fermenter B. In the control box C, a stirring motor M1, an air blower 8, an exhaust blower 9 and the like are provided. 4a and the tip of the stirring claw shaft 4b protrude, a sprocket 4c is fixedly provided at the tip of the stirring claw shaft 4a, and a sprocket 4d is fixedly provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 4. The stirring motor M1 is controlled by a control circuit in the control box C to rotate at regular intervals. The fermenter B and the control box C are arranged on a gantry 10. The air blower 8 supplies air necessary for the fermentation bacteria to the room through air holes 11d, 11d,... Of air pipes 11, 11 arranged below the fermentation chambers 1a, 1b. The air supply pipe 11 has a heater pipe 1
2 and 12 are communicated, and the temperature in the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b is always kept in an optimum state by the heater tubes 12 and 12. The exhaust blower 9 discharges the air supplied by the air blower 8 and passed through the garbage into exhaust gas, to the exhaust air inlets 13 and 13 disposed above the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b.
And is discharged through the silencer 14 into the outside air. Further, the amount of air sucked by the exhaust blower 9 is made larger than the amount of air sent from the air blower 8 so that the fermentation chamber 1a
-The inside of 1b is configured to be in a negative pressure state. Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the structure of the stirring pawl shaft and the power transmission mechanism will be described. The stirring claw shaft 4a is rotatably fitted to the rotating shaft 4 via bearings 15 and 15 in the form of a pipe, and a sprocket 4c is fixedly mounted at the tip of the stirring claw shaft 4a. 4b is a rotating shaft
And rotatably supports the stirring claw shaft 4a and the stirring claw shaft 4b via bearings 16. Power is transmitted to the stirring pawl shafts 4a and 4b by rotating the stirring motor M1 via a sprocket 17, a chain 18 fixed to the motor shaft, and a sprocket 19a fixed to the power transmission shaft 19. To the power transmission shaft 19. The power transmission shaft 19 has a sprocket 19
a chain 22 is wound around the sprocket 20 and the sprocket 4d of the rotary shaft 4, and a chain is wound around the sprocket 21 and the sprocket 4c of the stirring pawl shaft 4a. 23 is wound, and an electromagnetic clutch 24 is mounted between the sprocket 20 and the sprocket 21. A solenoid in the control circuit 30 of the control box C activates the solenoid 24a of the electromagnetic clutch 24 at predetermined time intervals, which will be described later, and automatically switches the solenoid. 20a or when engaged with the clutch pawl 21a of the sprocket 21,
The rotation of the power transmission shaft 19 is controlled by the stirring pawl shaft 4a or the stirring pawl shaft 4.
b. The working process of the garbage disposal according to the present invention will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. The garbage input period and the pause fermentation period can be arbitrarily set by the control circuit 30,
Here, a case will be described in which a total of six days of three days is defined as one cycle. First, fermentation room 1a (1a at first)
Is controlled during the heating period by controlling the heater tubes 12 and 12 with the control circuit 30 so that the water in the garbage is evaporated and dried. (For example, 110 degrees to 130 degrees) is maintained in a certain range. After the garbage feeding period has elapsed, the temperature range is maintained constant (for example, 30 to 60 degrees) during the next pause fermentation period from day 4 to day 6 so that the fermentation bacteria can easily propagate, and the pause is performed. After the fermentation period has elapsed, from the 7th day onwards, the garbage of reduced volume is added, and the same process is repeated. Next, the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4a of the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b are used.
Adjustment of the rotation of 4b is such that, during the period of feeding the garbage from the first day to the third day, the time for rotating the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b is extended, and the garbage is crushed while drying. During the pause fermentation period from the 4th to the 6th day, the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b are rotated for a short time so as to stir at regular intervals, and are repeated every 3 days in order to increase the growth of fermentative bacteria. Go. Referring to FIG. 5, the air supply and exhaust mechanism of the garbage disposal machine will be described. In order to efficiently perform the fermentation decomposition work in the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b, the air supply blower 8 is used.
In the middle of the air supply pipe 11 connected to the
c is attached. The flow switching valve 11c branches into left and right air supply pipes 11a and 11b. The air supply pipe 11a communicates with the fermentation chamber 1a, and the air supply pipe 11b communicates with the fermentation chamber 1b. Is the control circuit 3
0, and is switched and controlled every cycle in the same manner as described above, so that the heated air from the air blower 8 is sent to one of the left and right air supply pipes 11a and 11b. The exhaust pipe 25 connected to the exhaust blower 9
A flow switching valve 25c is attached to the middle part of the vehicle, and branches off from the flow switching valve 25c into left and right exhaust pipes 25a and 25b. The exhaust pipe 25a communicates with the fermentation chamber 1a, the exhaust pipe 25b communicates with the fermentation chamber 1b, and the flow rate switching valve 25c is also controlled by the control circuit 30 in the same manner as described above, and the left and right exhaust pipes 25a and 25b are connected. Exhaust gas is sucked / discharged from either of them. It is also possible to switch the operation of the two tanks of the garbage disposal machine by the number of times of garbage input instead of by using a timer. As shown in FIG.・ In the center of the upper part of 1b, there is a loading tank indicator lamp 2.
6. The number-of-insertion count switches 27 are provided. The input tank display lamp 26 indicates which of the fermentation chambers 1a and 1b is in the garbage input period by lamps 26a and 26b.
The number-of-inputs count switch 27 is provided on the hinge of the lid 6b of the fermentation chamber 1a and the hinge of the lid 6c of the fermentation chamber 1b, respectively.
When the b or lid 6c is opened and closed, the input count switch 27 is pressed to accurately count the number of times the garbage is input, and after a certain number of times, the other input tank display lamp 26 is set as a pause fermentation period. Is turned on, and garbage is put into the other side. In the same manner as described above, the rotation of the stirring claw shaft 4, the switching of the flow rate switching valves 11c and 25c, and the temperature control are also performed at the same time, and the garbage input period and the pause fermentation period alternate in substantially proportion to the number of inputs, that is, the input amount. Is to be repeated. Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. First, the fermenter was a two tank alternately turned continuous processing system, respectively for drying and crushing, the primary fermentation, the use for the aging fermentation, is possible to further improve the efficiency of the fast fermentation treatment of organic matter become able to. Second, since the temperature, stirring speed, stirring time, and air supply / exhaust control in the divided fermenter are all independently controlled, a large amount of organic matter can be efficiently removed with a small fermenter capacity. It can be processed, and the size of the machine can be made small, so it can be installed in a narrow space. Also, to dry and crush the input material, sawdust that has been used as a water conditioning material of the conventional input material Is unnecessary, so that the capacity in the fermentation chamber can be sufficiently used.

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a front view of a garbage processing machine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram of a drive system. FIG. 4 is a time chart of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the garbage processing machine. FIG. 6 is a side view of a lid portion. [Explanation of symbols] A garbage processing machine B fermenter 1a ・ 1b Fermentation room 4 Rotation axis 4a ・ 4b Stirring claw shaft 11a ・ 11b Air supply pipe 11c Flow switching valve 25a ・ 25b exhaust pipe 25c flow switching valve

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Shiraishi 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takayoshi Hoshino 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka, Osaka No. Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-330979 (JP, A) JP-A-58-196895 (JP, A) JP-A-3-60485 (JP, A) 67147 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05F 9/02 B09B 3/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] Garbage fermentation of two tank alternate charging continuous treatment system
A decomposition processing machine, which is divided into two fermentation chambers 1a and 1b.
Temperature, stirring rotation speed of stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b, stirring time,
The air supply and exhaust by the air supply blower 8
The two fermentation chambers are configured to be controlled independently by the fermentation tank.
In 1a and 1b, one fermentation room is for garbage input period
It is easy to crush the garbage during the garbage input period
Temporarily heated to a high temperature to rotate the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b.
And the number of rotations is high, while the other fermentation room is
During the pause fermentation period, fermenting bacteria can propagate and be active.
The temperature of the stirring claw shafts 4a and 4b
And the number of rotations to a minimum, and the two tanks
Switching between the start period and the pause fermentation period
Is a garbage disposal machine characterized by switching according to the number of garbage throws .