JP3468795B2 - WOODEN HOUSE WALL WITH INSULATOR AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

The wall comprises a wooden outer layer (6) and an inner layer (7). Between these layers, the insulation, comprising the layers (1) of mortar and the layers (2) of packed chips, is arranged. The layers (1, 2) are mutually supported. The wall achieves good insulation values in terms of sound insulation and heat insulation, and also an improvement in the fire retardation. <IMAGE>

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wooden house with a wooden outer layer, an inner layer and an insulator consisting of chips in an intermediate space between the outer layer and the inner layer. Wall and a method of manufacturing such a wall.

[0002]

Walls or wall parts which are part of a wooden house are known. Usually such walls or wall parts have an outer layer of wood, for example composed of individual beams or boards. The individual girders or boards of the usually wooden outer layer are grooved
They are connected to each other by key connecting means. The inner layer can be constructed in the same manner, usually it is constructed from a grooved and keyed board or another plate-like material.

Since the outer layer and the inner layer of such a wall are connected via a spacer member, for example, a girder, an intermediate space for accommodating an insulator is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer. .

It is known to use chips, especially planing chips, as insulators. Also known as insulators are other types of insulators such as asbestos, glass wool, polystyrene or similar means.

While the type of wall described has the advantage that the wall can be manufactured in the factory if desired, it has a poor insulation effect. In the case of a suitable insulating material, which is preferably composed of plates and is fitted in a complex manner, an effective thermal insulation effect is obtained, but a sound insulation effect is insufficient.

If chips are used as the insulating material, such as cannabis chips or different types of chips, the insulating material is available at a small cost, but unfortunately it is easily or sufficiently ignitable in the event of a fire. It does not exert any inhibitory effect.

Although the fire-retardant effect is somewhat improved by the burn-inhibiting additives, the consumption of such measures is considerable due to the very large surface or the small size of the chips.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a wall of the type mentioned at the beginning with effective soundproofing and insulating properties at a low production cost, but with a significantly improved fireproofing effect. To provide such an insulator.

[0009]

According to the invention, in a wall of the type mentioned at the outset, the object is to provide a number of layers in which the insulators are in close contact with each other, that is to say at least one first layer with a binder. , At least one second layer of tamped chips, in which case it has no mechanical strength or low mechanical strength by itself.
Both layers, which had only strength, were solved by supporting each other in the wall.

[0010]

By providing at least two layers according to the present invention, the actions of both layers can be advantageously supplemented. In particular, the two layers are mutually supported, which has the advantage in particular that the mechanical strength of the first layer can be reduced.

The fire protection is significantly improved by the first layer, which is embodied as a mortar layer, for example. in this case,
The first layer covers the tip layer or prevents the spread of the fire source through the tip layer in the event of a fire. Naturally additionally
It is also possible to use fireproofing means such as aluminum hydroxide, phosphates and similar acting substances.

The first layer is fixed by the second layer, in which case the first layer is arranged between two layers of compacted chips or one chip layer and the other wall. Between the outer layer and the inner layer.

Furthermore, when the chips are compacted, that is to say when the volume is significantly reduced, the insulating action against heat passage is increased. The convection flow is blocked because the gap between the chips is small. Mass use of chips is not a problem when chips are of little value.

Particularly preferably, the invention also provides soundproofing. A very effective soundproofing effect is obtained by virtue of the fact that the insulation consists of a number of layers with different strengths and thus different vibration characteristics.

More advantageously, both layers, the first layer and the second layer, are made of a material that does not pollute the environment, so that problems arise even if scrap occurs during the removal of a construction site, for example. Absent. The same applies for recycling scraps during production.

By arranging multiple layers as in accordance with the present invention, there are advantages in eliminating any obstacles. For example, the obstacles that the chip layer overcomes are prevented by the cured layer.

A mortar layer is preferably used for the first layer. In this case, gypsum mortar, lime mortar, cement mortar or the like is used. Layers in which glue, casein, latex or plastics are used as binders can also be used.

In addition to wood chips or planks, it is also possible to use chopped straw or other materials such as paper, styropol particles or the like for the tamped second layer.

The insulation according to the invention makes intimate contact, without any special measures, with the spacer elements which join the outer and inner layers of wood to one another. Unlike the scored plate material, no crevice formation occurs with the chip layer. Furthermore, the tamping has the advantage that undesired collapse is prevented.

In the first layer too, it is possible to use chips which are used as filling material and which are bound by a binder.

The first layer has an uncured area. This is achieved in the case of a mortar layer, by moistening only the outer surface, which does not completely set the mortar inside. In this way, the first layer is made up of multiple parts, which improves the soundproofing and insulating properties. To prevent the collapse, a paper or sheet layer can be provided in this case.

Best results are obtained in that the insulator is formed by a central second layer which is covered on each side by a first layer. In this case, the chip layer is extremely inflammable, and in particular the first layer has only a very slight breathability.

When using cannabis debris, it is advantageous if the cannabis debris is compressed to approximately half its volume by tamping.

It is advantageous for the threads or wires to be embedded in at least one layer in order to improve the mechanical strength. This applies in particular to the first layer. The embedded thread or wire forms a reinforcing member which prevents the layer from collapsing for at least a certain period of time, i.e. even if the chip layer is destroyed in the event of a fire, the layer collapses. Prevent.

In this case, it is not necessary to use only noncombustible material. The material is embedded in the mortar. So plastic thread, textile material, bristles,
A wooden wire rod or the like can be used. The frame can be formed of the wire material even in the chip layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a spacer element is provided for joining the outer and inner layers of wood, the spacer element having a groove for receiving the edge of the first layer. This first layer is preferably plastically mounted, so that special fitting operations are dispensed with.

The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a wall with an insulator. In this case, according to the present invention, the first layer and the second layer
The first layer and the second layer in the intermediate space almost at the same time.
The layer of is cured in the intermediate space.

By simultaneously mounting both layers in the intermediate space, they are mutually supported from the beginning, so that the relatively slight mechanical strength of the first layer is not a disadvantage.

The mounting in the intermediate space is carried out, for example, in such a way that the wall parts are laid sideways so that the outer or inner layer of the wall is not yet mounted.
In the trough constructed in this way, various layers are applied simultaneously or at short time intervals, for example first a mortar layer, then a chip layer, then again a mortar layer. In this case, the compression process for the chips takes place in the construction of the wall or in the pre-working process and then the trough is covered.

An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the wall thus produced can be immediately raised. It is not necessary to wait for the first layer to cure.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to moisten the second layer and mount it in the intermediate space. The moistened tip is relatively easily deformable and produces only a relatively small elastic return force. This facilitates compression or tamping. If the chips are then dried, a spreading action which advantageously gives rise to a supporting action for the first layer is obtained.

Moisture in the moistened second layer is utilized to cause hardening of the first layer. In this way, the second
The first layer area adjacent to the layer of
Areas away from this layer area are uncured or only slightly cured .

In another method of the present invention, the first layer and the second layer
Of the layers are mounted in the intermediate space by means of a climbing form, in which case the climbing form is continuously lifted and a mixture of chips and binder is constantly released from the separate outlets, in this case tamping. The device is acted especially on the chip. In this way the wall is produced upright.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As will be apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the wall has an outer layer 6 and an inner layer 7 made of wood. The wooden outer layer 6 consists of planks which are connected to each other by means of groove-key connection means 10 as is known per se. The inner layer 7 is composed of a molded board. It is also possible to use another, for example plate-shaped, component for the inner layer 7.

The wooden frame 5 connecting the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 7 to each other is used as a spacer member.

An insulator is arranged between the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 7.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the insulator is composed of five layers as a whole. In this case, layer 1 and layer 2
And are arranged alternately. Layer 1 is, for example, a mortar layer, while layer 2 is formed from substantially crushed wood chips.

For the inner layer 1 as the mortar layer,
Since the groove 8 is provided in the spacer member 5, airtightness particularly against wind is improved. Such a groove 8 could also be used in the alternative embodiment of the invention shown.

The layers 2 and 1 of tamped wood chips completely fill the intermediate space between the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 7. As a result, the layers 1 and 2 are mutually supported. This applies to the time when the layer is applied in the state where the layer 1 is not yet cured and to the state where the layer 1 has already been cured after this.

For example, even if the mortar layer 1 is cracked after a predetermined time, this is not important at all. This is because the layer does not collapse because it is supported by the chip layer.

In the example of FIG. 2, the central layer 2 is surrounded by a layer 1 each having a binder. In this case, the layer 1 has an uncured area 3, that is to say a sandy or powdery area 3.

Such an arrangement is obtained when only the area 13 of the layer 1 which comes into contact with the layer 2 during installation is moistened, for example by supplying from the moist layer 2 the water necessary for curing. To be

If the layer 1 has uncured areas, it is advantageous to use a paper or sheet intermediate layer 12 to prevent the layer 1 from falling out of the area 3.
The soundproofing effect is further improved by using such a sandy or powdery layer.

As shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to embed in the layers 1 and 2 yarns or wires 4 used as reinforcing means.

FIG. 3 shows a wall manufacturing method according to the present invention with the wall placed sideways. In this case, the third
The inner layer 7, shown in phantom in the figure, is only placed after the insulator has been attached. The wall initially consists only of the outer layer 6 and the spacer member 5.

The trough thus formed is filled by the charging machine 14 in a single working process,
4 is, for example, three channels 15, 16, according to the desired layer
Have 17. Mortar or a suitable substance of another composition is supplied via channels 15 and 17 and a layer 2 of crushed chips is supplied via channels 16.

In this case, the chips are compressed at the moment of filling (see arrow 18). The vibrating body 19 makes it possible in particular for the material for the layer 1 to flow easily. During the filling process, the charging machine 14 is pulled in the direction of arrow 20 or the wall is pulled in the direction of arrow 21 along the underside of the charging machine.

The filling of the insulation is carried out layer by layer, for example, firstly the lower layer 1 is filled, and then the chips are fed in particularly wet and compressed by suitable means. This is followed by the upper layer 1,
Then the inner layer 7 is provided.

In the case of such a production form according to FIG. 3, and thus in the case of the continuous production form described above, the individual layers do not significantly penetrate each other.

FIG. 4 illustrates a method of making a wall according to the present invention using a climbing formwork. in this case,
The wall is composed of a wooden outer layer 6, an inner layer 7 and a spacer member 5. In this case, the wall is upright in a position that allows it to be installed approximately later. However, it is also possible to place the wall on the side.

A schematically illustrated climbing formwork is mounted inside the wall formed by the outer layer 6, the inner layer 7 and the spacer member 5. The material for forming the layer 2 is slipped from top to bottom between the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 7.

On the other hand, the material for forming the layer 1 is conveyed through the worm 22 extending in the horizontal direction and flows downward from the worm 22. On the upper side of the worm 22, a swivel flap 23 that carries out a swivel motion of approximately 180 degrees is supported.

The drive of the swivel flaps takes place via the rods 24 acting on the ends of the swivel flaps and the motor shown schematically, so that the inflow of chips for layer 2 is not impeded. The swivel flap 23 compresses the chips for the layer 2 and, with constant upward movement of the climbing formwork 26, fills the space between the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 7.

In the variant embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, the material for forming the lateral layers 1 is filled parallel to the material for forming the layer 2. The wall 27 of the climbing formwork 26 separates both materials for layers 1 and 2 during the filling process.

A swing flap 23 is provided at the lower end of the climbing formwork 26. In this case, the swing flap 23 is provided.
Performs a swivel motion of approximately 90 degrees to compress the tip to form layer 2. Climbing formwork 2
In the lower area of 6, both layers 1, 1
The materials for forming 2 are separated.

Another compression flap 29 compresses the plastic material for layer 1 downwards.

As can be seen from FIG. 6 which is shown in a horizontal cross-section, a tube arranged for the climbing formwork 26 at the corner of the space formed by the outer layer 6, the inner layer 7 and the spacer member 5. A guide 30 is provided.
The drive motor 25 and the rod 32 for the swivel flap can also be arranged centrally, for example.

The pipe guide makes it possible to reserve a space 31 which will be used later for laying the pipe.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modified embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 diagrammatically shows the method according to the invention with the wall lying on its side.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the method according to the invention, using a climbing form with the wall upright.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the method according to the invention using a climbing formwork.

6 is a horizontal sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2 layers 3 layer range 4 Thread or wire 5 wooden frames 6 outer layer 7 Inner layer 8 grooves 10 Groove / key connection means 12 Paper or sheet intermediate layer 15,16,17 passage 19 Vibrating body 22 Warm 23 line flap 24 rod 25 drive motor 26 Climbing Formwork 27 wall 28 sheets 29 compression flaps 30 tube guide 31 space

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. A wall for a wooden house with an outer layer of wood, an inner layer and an insulator consisting of chips provided in an intermediate space between the outer layer and the inner layer. Consisting of a number of layers (1, 2) in close contact with one another, ie at least one first layer (1) with a binder and at least one second layer (2) consisting of tamped chips have been, in this case, by itself both layers having only mechanical does not have the strength <br/> or low mechanical strength (1,2) are mutually supported by the wall A wall for a wooden house with an insulator, characterized in that 2. A wall according to claim 1, wherein the first layer (1) has uncured areas (3). 3. The wall according to claim 1, wherein the first layer (1) is embodied as a mortar layer. 4. The insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that it has one central second layer (2), which is covered on each side by a first layer. The wall described. 5. The wall according to claim 1, wherein the second layer (2) is formed from canna debris which, when tamped, compresses to approximately half its volume. 6. The wall according to claim 1, wherein the thread or wire (4) is embedded in at least one of the layers (1, 2). 7. A spacer member (5) is provided for connecting the wooden outer layer (6) and the inner layer (7) to each other,
Grooves in which this spacer member (5) receives the first layer (1)
The wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which has (8). 8. A method of manufacturing a wall for a wooden house with an insulation according to claim 1, wherein the first layer and the second layer are installed in the intermediate space at substantially the same time, first the first layer. A method for manufacturing a wall for a wooden house with an insulator, characterized in that the resin is cured in an intermediate space. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the second layer is moistened and mounted in the intermediate space. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the first layer is hardened by the moisture of the moistened second layer. 11. A first layer and a second layer are mounted in the intermediate space by means of a climbing form, in which case the climbing form is lifted continuously and constantly from a separate outflow to the tip and binder. 9. Emitting a mixture with a blasting device, wherein the tamping device acts in particular on the tip.
11. The method according to any one of 1 to 10.