JP3472162B2 - Heat exchanger for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanging device for a construction machine provided in a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a swing type construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator is known as a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator includes a lower traveling body and an upper revolving body rotatably provided on the lower traveling body. And a working device provided on the front side of the upper swing body.

The upper revolving structure includes a revolving frame forming a frame structure, a cabin provided on the front left side of the revolving frame, and a building cover defining a machine room from the right side to the rear side of the cab. Generally, it is configured by a counterweight attached to the rear part of the revolving frame. Further, a prime mover is provided inside the building cover on the revolving frame, and a heat exchange device is provided in the vicinity of the prime mover.

Here, the heat exchange device is provided in the building cover and near the prime mover, and is located in the building cover on the upstream side of the cooling fan for generating cooling air and by the cooling fan. And a first heat exchanger provided in the building cover, and a second heat exchanger provided upstream of the first heat exchanger.
And a heat exchanger of.

As the first heat exchanger, there are a radiator for cooling the cooling water from the prime mover, an undercarriage, an oil cooler for cooling the working oil for operating the working device, and the like. As the exchanger, there is an intercooler or the like that cools the compressed air from the supercharger provided in the prime mover. The intercooler cools the compressed air from the supercharger and causes the compressed air to flow through the intake manifold of the prime mover, thereby enhancing the combustibility of the prime mover.

[0006] Here, when the prime mover is operated and the cooling fan is rotationally driven, air flows through the inside of the building cover through an air circulation port called a louver provided in the building cover, thereby cooling air inside the building cover. Occurs. Then, the heat of the compressed air flowing in the intercooler and the heat of the cooling water flowing in the radiator are released into the cooling air generated in the building cover to cool the compressed air in the intercooler and the cooling water in the radiator. It is configured to do.

In the heat exchanging device for a hydraulic excavator according to the above-mentioned prior art, the radiator and the oil cooler are usually arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction, and the intercooler is arranged in the vertical direction in a state of facing the radiator and the oil cooler. It is arranged to extend (for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-90321).

[0008]

However, when the intercooler is arranged so as to face the radiator and the oil cooler and extend in the vertical direction, the space inside the building cover located upstream of the radiator and the oil cooler becomes small. , It becomes narrower by the amount of intercooler provided, and in this space,
For example, there is a problem that an air cleaner or the like for cleaning the air drawn into the prime mover cannot be accommodated.

As an air circulation port (louver) for sucking air into the building cover, there is a type formed on the upper surface of the building cover. However, in the air circulation port of this type, the cooling air that hits the lower part of the intercooler arranged to extend in the vertical direction decreases, and the cooling air does not hit the intercooler evenly, so the inside of the intercooler There is a problem in that the compressed air cannot be cooled efficiently.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is possible to expand the space inside the building cover located on the upstream side of the first heat exchanger, and to perform the second heat exchange. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange device for a construction machine capable of efficiently cooling the fluid in the container.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a cooling fan which is provided in the building cover and near the prime mover, and which produces cooling air in the building cover, and the cooling fan. A first heat exchanger provided in the building cover at an upstream side of cooling air by a fan;
It is applied to a heat exchange device of a construction machine including a second heat exchanger provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger.

The feature of the structure adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the first heat exchanger is mounted on a frame of a construction machine.
In disposed so as to extend in the vertical direction, the second heat exchanger is located near the upper end of the first heat exchanger during the cooling air flow by the cooling fan, extending in the horizontal direction
It is configured to be arranged as described above .

With this construction, a large space is formed in the building cover below the second heat exchanger, so that the air sucked into the prime mover can be located in this space. It is possible to accommodate an air cleaner, a battery, etc. for cleaning the space, and to effectively utilize the space.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an air circulation port is provided on the upper surface of the building cover, and the second heat exchanger is provided so as to face the air circulation port.

With this configuration, the flow direction of the cooling air introduced into the building cover through the air circulation port is substantially perpendicular to the second heat exchanger provided facing the air circulation port. Therefore, the cooling air is evenly applied to the second heat exchanger, and the fluid in the second heat exchanger can be efficiently cooled.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, one end of a horizontally extending bracket is fixed to the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is fixed to the other end of the bracket. It has been configured to be provided.

With this configuration, it is possible to arrange the second heat exchanger so as to extend in the horizontal direction by utilizing the bracket provided on the first heat exchanger.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the inflow pipe for allowing the fluid to flow into the second heat exchanger and the outflow pipe for the fluid cooled by the second heat exchanger to flow out of the first heat exchanger. The configuration is such that it is connected to the second heat exchanger through the upper side.

With this configuration, since the other equipments which should bypass the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe are not disposed above the first heat exchanger, the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe are shortened. The temperature of the fluid flowing through the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe can be suppressed from increasing due to friction with the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, the first heat exchanger is a radiator for cooling the cooling water from the prime mover or an oil cooler for cooling the hydraulic oil, and the second heat exchanger is provided in the prime mover. It is an intercooler for cooling the compressed air from the supercharger.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a heat exchanging device for a hydraulic excavator will be described as an example of a heat exchanging device for a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

Reference numeral 1 is an undercarriage, 2 is an upper revolving structure rotatably mounted on the lower revolving structure 1, and the upper revolving structure 2
Is substantially constituted by a revolving frame 3 forming a frame structure, a cabin 4 provided on the front left side of the revolving frame 3, and a counterweight 5 attached to the rear side of the revolving frame 3, A work device 6 for excavating earth and sand is provided at the front of the frame 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the revolving frame 3 includes center frames 7, 7 arranged in parallel with each other, and side frames 8 provided on the left and right outer sides of the center frames 7, respectively. 8 and a plurality of overhanging beams 9 connecting the center frames 7 and the side frames 8 and the like, and the lower side of the revolving frame 3 is covered with an under cover 10.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a building cover which is provided on the swivel frame 3 and defines a machine room on the swivel frame 3. The building cover 11 extends in the front-rear direction along the side frames 8 and stands upright. The side covers 12 and 12 provided,
An upper cover 13 that extends horizontally to cover the upper ends of the side covers 12 and has an opening 13A formed in the center thereof;
An engine cover 14 that is openably and closably attached to the upper cover 13 so as to cover the opening 13A of the upper cover 13.
It is composed of and.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an air circulation port, which is generally called a louver, which is provided on the upper cover 13 at the rear left side of the building cover 11. The air circulation port 15 is, as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a plurality of slits formed in a portion located above the intercooler 24, which will be described later.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an air circulation port provided on the upper cover 13 at the rear right side of the building cover 11. The air circulation port 16 is composed of a plurality of slits like the air circulation port 15. . Then, a cooling fan 1 described later
The air sucked into the building cover 11 through the air circulation port 15 by 8 is discharged to the outside through the air circulation port 16, so that cooling air is generated inside the building cover 11.

Reference numeral 17 denotes an engine, which is provided inside the building cover 11 and mounted on each center frame 7, as a prime mover. A cooling fan 18 is attached to one end of the engine 17 and an engine 17 is attached to the other end. A hydraulic pump 19 that is driven by and supplies hydraulic oil (pressure oil) to each actuator such as the lower traveling body 1 and the working device 6 is attached. Further, the engine 17 is provided with a turbocharger 20. In the turbocharger 20, the drive-side turbine chamber is connected to the exhaust manifold and the muffler (neither is shown), and the driven-side turbine chamber is It is connected to an intake hose (not shown) from an inflow pipe 28 and an air cleaner 31 described later.

Here, the cooling fan 18 constitutes a heat exchanging device together with a radiator 21, an oil cooler 22, an intercooler 24, etc., which will be described later, and is rotatably driven by the engine 17 so that the building cover is passed through the air circulation port 15. The outside air is sucked into the inside 11 and is supplied to the intercooler 24, the oil cooler 22, and the radiator 21 as cooling air.

Reference numeral 21 is a first part provided in the building cover 11.
Which is a radiator forming a heat exchanger of
As shown in FIG. 2 , the revolving frame 3 is located on the upstream side of the cooling air from the cooling fan 18 and adjacent to the cooling fan 18.
It is bolted so as to extend vertically on the overhanging beams 9, 9. In the radiator 21, the upper tank 21A and the lower tank 21B are connected to a water jacket (not shown) of the engine 17 through piping, whereby heat of engine cooling water that circulates with the engine 17 is radiated. The heat is exchanged in the portion 21C and discharged into the cooling air to cool the engine cooling water.

Reference numeral 22 denotes an oil cooler that is mounted on the upstream side of the radiator 21 in a stacked manner to form a first heat exchanger. In the oil cooler 22, the upper tank 22A is connected to each actuator of the lower traveling unit 1, the working device 6 and the like. The lower tank 22B is connected to the hydraulic oil tank (neither is shown) via the pipe. As a result, the oil cooler 22 radiates the heat of the hydraulic oil at the heat dissipation portion 22C and cools the hydraulic oil.

Two brackets 23 and 23 are fixed to the side surface of the oil cooler 22 so as to be separated from each other in the front and rear directions.
Each bracket 23 is formed in a substantially triangular plate shape. One end of each bracket 23 is fixed to the side surface of the oil cooler 22 by a bolt, and the other end extends horizontally from the upper end of the oil cooler 22 toward the air circulation port 15.

Reference numeral 24 denotes an intercooler as a second heat exchanger provided on the upstream side of the oil cooler 22. The intercooler 24 is located on the rear side (counterweight 5) as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The inflow side tank 25, the outflow side tank 26 located on the front side (working device 6 side), and the heat radiating portion 27 which is provided between the tanks 25 and 26 and includes a plurality of thin tubes and heat radiating fins. Has been done. Then, the intercooler 24 causes the air compressed by the turbocharger 20 of the engine 17 to flow into the inflow side tank 25 through the inflow pipe 28 described below, and the heat radiating portion 27.
By circulating the compressed air, the compressed air is cooled and supplied from the outflow side tank 26 to the intake manifold of the engine 17 through the outflow pipe 29.

Here, the intercooler 24 is located near the upper end of the oil cooler 22 in the middle of the flow of cooling air by being bolted to the other end of the bracket 23.
It is arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction. The intercooler 24 has the air circulation port 1 provided in the upper cover 13.
5 is arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the cooling air introduced into the building cover 11 through the air circulation port 15 (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2). As a result, the cooling air is uniformly applied to the heat radiating portion 27 of the intercooler 24 and the like.
The compressed air inside is efficiently cooled.

Reference numeral 28 is an inflow pipe connecting the turbocharger 20 of the engine 17 and the intercooler 24. One end side of the inflow pipe 28 is connected to the turbine chamber on the driven side of the turbocharger 20 and the other end side is connected. It is connected to the inflow side tank 25. Then, the inflow pipe 28 is routed so as to pass above the radiator 21 and the oil cooler 22, and as a result, for example, is shortened as compared with the case where the radiator 21 or the like is passed laterally.

Reference numeral 29 is an outflow pipe connecting the intercooler 24 and the engine 17. One end of the outflow pipe 29 is connected to the outflow side tank 26, and the other end is connected to the intake manifold of the engine 17. Then, the outflow pipe 29 is routed so as to pass above the radiator 21 and the oil cooler 22, thereby being shortened as compared with the case where it passes laterally of the radiator 21 or the like.

Reference numeral 30 denotes an accommodation space located below the intercooler 24 and formed in the building cover 11. The accommodation space 30 is located between the side cover 12 on the left side of the building cover 11 and the oil cooler 22. Is formed in. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the intercooler 24 is connected to the oil cooler 22.
Since the intercooler 24 is disposed on the upper end side of the oil cooler so as to extend in the horizontal direction,
The accommodation space 30 can be expanded as compared with the case where the accommodation space 30 is arranged so as to face the above and extend in the vertical direction.

Reference numeral 31 is an air cleaner disposed in the accommodating space 30. The air cleaner 31 has a bottomed cylindrical casing 31A in which a filter element (not shown) is provided, and a side surface of the casing 31A. The air introduction pipe 31B is provided and opens to the outside, and the air introduction pipe 31C is provided on the bottom surface of the casing 31A.

Here, the air cleaner 31 is, for example, a bracket (not shown) fixed to the inside of the building cover 11.
The air outlet pipe 31C is connected to the driven turbine chamber of the turbocharger 20 via an intake hose (not shown). The air cleaner 31 cleans the air introduced from the air introduction pipe 31B by a filter element, and supplies the purified air to the driven turbine chamber of the turbocharger 20 through the air discharge pipe 31C and the intake hose. Is.

Reference numerals 32 and 32 denote batteries housed in the housing space 30 together with the air cleaner 31, respectively.
Are arranged side by side in the left and right directions, for example, on a support plate 33 spanning the projecting beam 9 of the swivel frame 3.

The heat exchanging device for the hydraulic excavator according to the present embodiment has the above-mentioned structure. When the engine 17 is operated and the cooling fan 18 is rotationally driven, as shown by an arrow A in FIG. In addition, air is sucked into the building cover 11 through the air circulation port 15 provided in the upper cover 13, and this air is discharged to the outside of the building cover 11 through the air circulation port 16 as shown by arrow B. Cooling air is generated in the building cover 11.

The cooling air generated in the building cover 11 is radiated by the heat radiating portion 27 of the intercooler 24 and the oil cooler 2.
The second heat radiating portion 22C, the heat radiating portion 21C of the radiator 21, and the like are sequentially passed through, and at this time, the compressed air in the intercooler 24, the hydraulic oil in the oil cooler 22, and the engine cooling water in the radiator 21 are cooled.

In this case, since the intercooler 24 is arranged so as to face the air circulation port 15 provided in the upper cover 13 of the building cover 11, the cooling air sucked into the building cover 11 through the air circulation port 15. The intercooler 24 is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the air (direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 2), and the cooling air is applied to the heat radiating portion 27 of the intercooler 24 and the like substantially uniformly. Therefore, as compared with the case where the intercooler 24 is arranged so as to face the oil cooler 22 and extend in the vertical direction, for example, the intercooler 2
The compressed air in 4 can be cooled efficiently. As a result, the combustion efficiency of the engine 17 can be increased,
It is possible to reduce harmful substances in exhaust gas.

The intercooler 24 is replaced with the oil cooler 2
By arranging the intercooler 24 at the upper end side of the oil cooler 2 so as to extend horizontally,
2, a large accommodation space 3 is provided below the intercooler 24, as compared with a case where it is arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction while facing 2
It is possible to secure 0. Therefore, the air cleaner 31, the battery 32, and the like can be accommodated in the accommodation space 30, and the accommodation space 30 can be effectively used.

Further, the turbocharger 20 and the intercooler 2
4 and the intercooler 24.
The outflow pipe 29 that connects between the engine 17 and the engine 17 is connected to the intercooler 24 through the upper side of the radiator 21 and the oil cooler 22. in this case,
Above the radiator 21 and the oil cooler 22, there are no other devices that should be bypassed by the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 29. Therefore, for example, the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 2
9 and the intercooler 2 through the side of the radiator 21 etc.
The inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 29 can be shortened as compared with the case of connecting to the No. 4 connector. As a result, the compressed air from the turbocharger 20 is supplied to the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 2.
It is possible to suppress an increase in temperature due to friction when flowing through the shaft 9 and the like, and further improve the combustibility of the engine 17.

Further, since the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 29 are connected to the intercooler 24 through the upper side of the radiator 21, the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 29 are exposed to the outside only by opening the engine cover 14. Therefore, the workability at the time of inspecting and maintaining the inflow pipe 28 and the outflow pipe 29 can be improved.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the intercooler 24 is provided so as to face the air circulation port 15 of the building cover 11 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this and, for example, shown in FIG. As in the modification shown, the air circulation port 1
The intercooler 24 may be directly fitted to a part of 5 '.

In the embodiment, the intercooler 24 is described as an example of the second heat exchanger, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the condenser of the air conditioner is applied as the second heat exchanger. You may.

In the embodiment, the case where the first heat exchanger is the oil cooler 22 and the radiator 21 is provided on the downstream side of the oil cooler 22 has been described as an example.
Instead of this, the first heat exchanger is the radiator 21,
An oil cooler 22 may be arranged on the downstream side of the radiator 21.

Further, in the embodiment, the case where the engine 17 is arranged in a laterally extending state extending to the left and right of the revolving frame 3 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the engine 17 of the revolving frame 3 is arranged. You may arrange | position in the vertical installation state extended in the front and back direction.

Further, in the embodiments, the hydraulic excavator has been described as an example of the construction machine, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is applied to other construction machines such as a wheel loader, a hydraulic crane, and a bulldozer. You may.

[0051]

As described in detail above, according to the first aspect of the invention, the first heat exchanger is installed vertically on the frame of the construction machine.
Disposed so as to extend in the direction, the second heat exchanger, arranged as in the middle of the flow of the cooling air by the cooling fan and extends to the horizontal position near the upper end of the first heat exchanger With this configuration, it is possible to form a large space inside the building cover, which is located below the second heat exchanger. Thus, for example, an air cleaner for cleaning the air drawn into the prime mover, a battery, and the like can be housed in the space below the second heat exchanger, and the space can be effectively used. .

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the air flow port is provided on the upper surface of the building cover, and the second heat exchanger is provided so as to face the air flow port, the air flow is improved. The cooling air introduced into the building cover through the mouth is
The cooling air will be evenly applied to the heat exchanger of
The fluid in the second heat exchanger can be efficiently cooled.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, one end of a horizontally extending bracket is fixedly provided on the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is provided on the other end of the bracket. Since the second heat exchanger is fixedly provided, the bracket provided on the first heat exchanger can be used to arrange the second heat exchanger so as to extend in the horizontal direction.

Further, according to the invention of claim 4, the inflow pipe for inflowing the fluid into the second heat exchanger and the outflow pipe for outflow of the fluid cooled by the second heat exchanger are provided in the first Since the configuration is such that the upper side of the heat exchanger is connected to the second heat exchanger, comparison is made, for example, when the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe are connected to the second heat exchanger through the side of the first heat exchanger. Thus, the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe can be shortened.
As a result, the fluid flowing through the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe is
It is possible to prevent the temperature from increasing due to the friction between the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe. Also, inflow piping,
It is possible to improve workability when inspecting and maintaining the outflow pipe.

Further, according to the invention of claim 5, the first heat exchanger is a radiator for cooling the cooling water from the prime mover or an oil cooler for cooling the hydraulic oil, and the second heat exchanger is the prime mover. Since the intercooler is provided for cooling the compressed air from the supercharger, the compressed air from the supercharger can be efficiently cooled in the intercooler, and the combustibility of the prime mover can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator to which a heat exchange device for a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 shows an engine, radiator, intercooler, etc.
It is sectional drawing expanded and shown from the arrow II-II direction in the inside.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a radiator, an intercooler, an inflow pipe, an outflow pipe, and the like.

FIG. 4 shows the engine, radiator, intercooler, etc.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken from the direction of arrows IV-IV in the middle.

5 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the heat exchange device for a construction machine according to the present invention, as viewed from the same position as in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 building cover 13 Top cover 15 Air circulation port 17 engine (motor) 18 Cooling fan 20 turbocharger 21 radiator (heat exchanger) 22 Oil cooler (first heat exchanger) 24 Intercooler (second heat exchanger) 28 Inflow piping 29 Outflow piping 30 accommodation space

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Koji Kawasaki, 650 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Tsuchiura Plant, Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 10-121519 (JP, A) −61927 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 64-46423 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F01P 3/18 F01P 11/08 B60K 11/04

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cooling fan, which is provided in the building cover and near the prime mover and generates cooling air in the building cover, and an upstream side of the cooling air by the cooling fan, in the building cover. A first heat exchanger provided in the
A heat exchanger for a construction machine, comprising: a second heat exchanger provided on the upstream side of the first heat exchanger , wherein the first heat exchanger is a vertical one on a frame of the construction machine.
Disposed so as to extend in direction, said second heat exchanger is located near the upper end of the first heat exchanger during the cooling air flow by the cooling fan, so as to extend in the horizontal direction A heat exchange device for a construction machine, which is characterized in that it is arranged. 2. The heat exchange of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein an air circulation port is provided on an upper surface portion of the building cover, and the second heat exchanger is provided so as to face the air circulation port. apparatus. 3. A structure in which one end side of a horizontally extending bracket is fixedly provided on the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is fixedly provided on the other end side of the bracket. The heat exchange device for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The inflow pipe through which the fluid flows into the second heat exchanger and the outflow pipe through which the fluid cooled in the second heat exchanger flows out through the upper side of the first heat exchanger. The heat exchange device for a construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the heat exchange device is connected to the second heat exchanger. 5. The first heat exchanger is a radiator that cools cooling water from a prime mover or an oil cooler that cools hydraulic oil, and the second heat exchanger is a supercharger provided in the prime mover. The heat exchange device for a construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, which is an intercooler for cooling compressed air from a vessel.