JP3477244B2 - Sand slag crusher for coal gasifier - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sandwich slag crusher applied to a coal gasifier. This apparatus is also applicable to a pressurized fluidized bed boiler. 2. Description of the Related Art Coal gasifiers are of a wide variety of types, for example, pressurized or normal pressure, single or double burners, gasifiers, coal supply systems, and the like. . As a conventional technique, a pressurized two-stage jet coal gasifier is described below as an example. [0003] The coal gasifier of this type is pressurized in order to improve gasification efficiency and reduce the size of the furnace, so that it has a double pressure-resistant structure, and the gas wrapped in a cylindrical vertical external pressure vessel is used. The gasification furnace body has a furnace wall composed of finned water cooling tubes,
Combustor part, diffuser part, and reducer part
It consists of two parts. A plurality of burners mounted in the direction in which the gas in the furnace is swirled are provided one by one in the combustor section and the diffuser section, and are called a combustor burner and a reducer burner, respectively. A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the combustor furnace below the combustor, and a slag hopper is provided immediately below the slag discharge port. [0004] In the coal gasifier having such a configuration, the dry pulverized coal supplied by the combustor burner in the combustor section, the high-temperature combustion gas by the combustion air having a high air ratio, and the dry pulverized coal supplied by the reducer burner at the top are used. The combustible gas (CO, H ₂ ) is produced by sufficiently proceeding the gasification reaction between the activated char and the combustion gas in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere generated by mixing and introducing the combustion air having a low air ratio. The ash in the coal will adhere to the furnace wall or fall to the bottom of the combustor furnace. Further, the slag is discharged downward from the slag discharge port at the bottom of the combustor furnace and dropped into a water-filled slag hopper while being melted by the high temperature of the combustor. [0005] The slag solidified by water is pulverized by a roll crusher provided below the gasifier main body, and discharged to a slag discharge tank provided outside the coal gasifier through a slag lock hopper. [0006] In the prior art as described in the preceding paragraph, the following problems may occur. Depending on the temperature of the combustion gas in the furnace, the temperature of the molten slag of the ash in the gas also changes, but the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustor burner mixes with the coal injected from the reducer burner, resulting in an endothermic reaction. Since the gasification reaction occurs, the gas temperature and the slag temperature decrease rapidly above the reducer burner. At this time, with a change in the viscosity of the slag, the slag adheres significantly to the furnace wall in a certain temperature range or a transition temperature range, and the slag becomes massive and falls to the furnace bottom. When such a large lump of slag enters the slag hopper below the slag discharge port, due to poor biting into the roll crusher provided at the lower part of the coal gasifier main body, the lower part of the coal gasifier (roll crusher) There is a possibility of causing slag accumulation because the slag at the upper portion is not discharged smoothly, and there is a large problem. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a slag crusher for crushing large slag at the entrance of a roll crusher. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a main body of a coal gasifier, an external pressure vessel surrounding the main body, and a water pipe connected to a lower portion of the vessel. A slag hopper, a crusher chute provided at a connection portion between the external pressure vessel and the slag hopper and guiding slag falling from the coal gasifier body downward,
A coal gasifier having a roll crusher for crushing slag falling through the crusher chute, the present invention relates to a sandwich slag crusher for a coal gasifier having the following features. That is, a pair of hydraulic jacks provided on the horizontal axis between the crusher chute and the roll crusher in the hopper, a spreader provided at a tip of a rod of each of the hydraulic jacks, A tooth provided on each of the spreaders, a hydraulic unit for simultaneously moving the hydraulic jack in the center direction, sandwiching the slag falling from the coal gasifier body between the opposing spreaders, crushing the slag with the teeth,
Send the crushed slag to the lower roll crusher. Furthermore , a pair of the hydraulic jacks are fixed to the upper surface of the spreader on opposite sides of the center line of the hydraulic jack so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center of the opposing spreader in the plan view, and move with the spreaders. A plate-shaped bridge breaker was provided. [0012] [0013] In [action] above SL invention is on the top of the roll crusher which is provided conventionally by placing the sandwiching slag crusher, chunks than slag mass of critical dimension roll crusher biting The slag can be precrushed by the spreader and passed to the downstream roll crusher, and the problem of the conventional large slag biting failure can be solved. [0014] Then, the slag of some large chunks by the can be processed, in view of the case so as not bitten even this further against a pair of bridge breaker centerline of the spreader, pairs are shifted laterally Since it is installed at the corner, it turns the slag that does not fall between the spreaders of the slag crusher and drops it between the spreaders, or if it does not turn, it has the function of crushing the slag at that angle and reducing it, Expand the function of the sandwich slag crusher. FIG. 1 is a layout view of a slag crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a coal gasifier main body,
Reference numeral 2 denotes an external pressure-resistant container provided outside the main body. The coal gasifier main body is placed in a high pressure of about 26 atg in an external pressure vessel and is immersed in warm water of 90 ° C.
4 is a slag hopper attached to the lower part of the external pressure vessel, 21 is a discharge port of the hopper, 6 is a slag crusher that is provided in the hopper and crushes the slag, and 8 supports the crusher. Reference numeral 5 denotes a roll crusher provided below the crusher, reference numeral 7 denotes a crusher chute provided above the crusher, and reference numeral 9 denotes a hydraulic jack for moving the crusher. The jacks can reciprocate in opposite directions. Reference numeral 20 denotes a bridge breaker (detailed later) provided above the crusher. 23 is a slag hopper manhole. The slag hopper discharge port 21 communicates with the slag discharge tank. FIGS. 2A and 2B are detailed two-sided views of the sandwich slag crusher of the above embodiment, wherein FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a spreader provided at the tip of a rod of a hydraulic jack 9 of a sandwiching slag crusher, 11 denotes plate-shaped teeth of triangular projections provided on the spreader, and 14 denotes an uneven load of the hydraulic jack 9. This is Guide Shu. Reference numeral 20 denotes a bridge breaker fixed to the upper surface of the spreader 10 and performing the same operation as the spreader, which is not a position facing each other as shown in FIG. It is provided at a shifted position. A bridge breaker is a device for rotating a large slag that is not bitten by a spreader to enable biting. 13 is a slag crusher 6
The brush 12 for preventing slag from entering the inside is a penetration preventing plate for the same purpose. FIG. 3 is a hydraulic system diagram in the above embodiment. In the figure, 9 is a hydraulic jack, 3 is a hydraulic rod,
10 is a spreader. The range of 15 indicated by the dashed line is a hydraulic unit. 28 is a hydraulic pump, 18 is a pilot check valve, 29 is a cooling water pipe, 16 is an oil cooler, 27 is an oil tank, 17 is a switching valve, 30 is a jack pressurizing oil pipe, and 31 is a jack return oil pipe. The details of each part in the present apparatus are as follows. Hydraulic jack: The operating pressure of the hydraulic jack 9 is usually 70 to 350 kgf / cm ² . Since the ambient temperature is 90 ° C., Teflon or fluoro rubber is used as the seal material. Since the operating oil usually needs to be used at 50 ° C. or lower, an oil cooler 16 is provided in the return line. Atmospheric pressure is 26 kgf / cm ²
Therefore, the pressure on the non-pressurized side of the jack 9 is 26 kgf /
A return valve is installed in the return line so that the pressure is at least ² cm2. Therefore, the effective operating pressure is the differential pressure.
The pH of the slag water is 8 to 9 during the gasification operation, and although the corrosion of the jack rod is considered to be small, the use of a ferritic SUS material is suitable in order to prevent the corrosion. The jack support must be strong enough to withstand the load of pushing and pulling, and need to have more flexibility than the play of the guide shoe 14. Regarding the spreader: Since the size of the crushed slag is about 100 mm, the tooth plate 11 is provided with chevron teeth with a pitch of 100 mm. The hardfacing is partially applied to prevent wear. Intrusion prevention plates 12 are installed on the upper and side surfaces so that the slag does not enter from above when the spreader 10 advances. In addition, a brush 13 for preventing biting is provided in these gaps. Since the width of the spreader 10 is 500 mm and the load point is only at the jack mounting portion, there is an uneven load when the slag comes in contact with one side, so the spreader 10 is supported by the guide shoe 14. Regarding the hydraulic unit: The operation of the sandwiching slag crusher 6 is a continuous operation of 30 sec / cycle or an intermittent operation when necessary, but the hydraulic unit 15 is operated continuously, and the jack 9 is operated by the switching valve 17 only when the jack 9 is operated. Line on to 7 side. Since the jack is used in warm water and operates in high pressure relief, the oil cooler 1
6 is installed on the return line. The cooling medium is low-pressure equipment cooling water. The gasifier area has an explosion-proof part, so it is installed outside that area. The explosion-proof range is within 3 to 5 m from the gasifier char system. Regarding the switching valve 17: This is a valve for operating the jack and is a remote-operated automatic / manual valve. During crushing, pressure side is 350 kg / cm ² g, the anti-pressure side becomes 28kg / cm ² g. When stopped (after retraction), the pressure in the rod side cylinder must be higher than the furnace pressure. For this reason, either 350 kg / cm ² g is continuously applied to the rod-side cylinder or internal pressure is maintained by a pilot check valve. The apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-described structure is provided above a roll crusher provided conventionally.
By installing a sandwiching slag crusher, the slag block of the critical size that the roll crusher can bite into, and a large slag block of about 100 mm or more can be pre-crushed by this machine and passed to the downstream roll crusher. The problem with lump slag will be eliminated. That is, it is disposed opposite to the crusher chute outlet of the lower part of the coal gasifier main body, and is moved forward and backward by a hydraulic jack, and sandwiched by an opposed spreader provided with a plurality of plate-like teeth of vertically elongated triangular protrusions at a pitch of 100 mm. 4 by pressing and compressing
Large slag with a diameter of about 00 to 500 mm can be crushed. If the sandwiching position of the large block slag of the spreader 10 is deviated during pressurization and compression, the hydraulic jack 9
Although the hydraulic rod receives an eccentric load, this machine has no problem because the spreader 10 is provided with a plurality of guide rods and the guide shoes 14 coupled thereto are provided respectively.
Also, in order to prevent fine particles of slag from entering the crusher from above or from the side while the spreader 10 is moving forward and backward by the hydraulic jack 9, an intrusion prevention plate 12 is attached to the upper or side, and does not enter through the gap. As described above, the brush 13 is attached to the upper portion or the side surface. Under severe conditions of high-pressure hot water atmosphere, to ensure stable and reliable operation, optimize the operating oil pressure, prevent the oil temperature from rising by an oil cooler, and apply materials such as hydraulic rods and seal materials. Various countermeasures are taken such as consideration of It should be noted that the operation of the apparatus is considered to be continuous operation, intermittent operation, or operation at the time of an abnormality, depending on the actual situation. . In addition, the above-described sandwich slag crusher is 40
Large slags with a diameter of about 0 to 500 mm can be processed, but in consideration of cases in which they do not bite, the effect of the bridge breakers provided on the upper part of the spreader is as follows. Since it is installed, turn the slag that does not fall between the spreaders of the slag crusher and drop it between the spreaders, or if it does not rotate, it has the function of crushing the slag at that angle and reducing it, It expands the function of the crusher. As described in detail above, by installing the apparatus of the present invention on the upper part of the slag hopper, the apparatus is separated from the wall of the diffuser or the reducer inside the coal gasifier main body and gasified from the slag discharge port at the bottom of the furnace. Even if large slags fall down below the furnace body, they are pre-crushed and dropped into the downstream roll crusher, so that slag discharge is sufficiently ensured, and long-term continuous stable operation of the coal gasifier is ensured. There is a possible effect. According to the sandwiching slag crusher of the coal gasifier of the present invention, a pair of hydraulic jacks are provided in the hopper between the crusher chute and the roll crusher so as to face each other. spreader provided at the front end of the hydraulic jack rods, teeth provided on the respective spreader, since a hydraulic unit for moving the 及 beauty the hydraulic jacks at the same time towards the center, slag falling from the coal gasifier unit To crush the slag with its teeth and send the crushed slag downward to the adjacent roll crusher, eliminating the inability of the roll crusher to bite the large slag and preventing slag accumulation. <Br / >-out that. Further , since a bridge breaker is provided, a slag which does not fall between the spreaders can be turned.
Drop between spreaders or break slag at that angle
Therefore, it is possible to easily bite a large lump. [0032] by the upper than, the slag discharge is sufficiently guaranteed, it is possible to long-term continuous stable operation of the coal gasifier.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a sandwich slag crusher according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2A and 2B are two views of the sandwiching slag crusher according to the embodiment, wherein FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. FIG. 3 is a hydraulic system diagram according to the embodiment. [Description of Signs] 1 Coal gasifier main body 2 External pressure vessel 3 Hydraulic rod 4 Slag hopper 5 Roll crusher 6 Crushing slag crusher 7 Crusher chute 8 Cylinder mount 9 Hydraulic jack 10 Spreader 11 Tooth plate 12 Intrusion prevention plate 13 Brush 14 Guide Shu 15 Hydraulic unit 16 Oil cooler 17 Switching valve 18 Pilot check valve 20 Bridge breaker 21 Slag hopper discharge port 23 Slag hopper manhole 27 Oil tank 28 Hydraulic pump 29 Cooling water pipe 30 Jack pressurizing oil pipe 31 Jack return oil pipe

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yoichiro Nakajima 1-1, Akunouracho, Nagasaki-shi Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Kohei Ito 1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki-shi Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard (56) References JP-A-6-137541 (JP, A) JP-A-6-21746 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10J 3/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (Claim 1) A coal gasifier main body, an external pressure vessel surrounding the main body, a slag hopper connected to the lower part of the vessel and filled with water, the external pressure vessel A crusher chute provided at a connection portion between the slag hopper and the slag falling from the coal gasifier main body, and a roll crusher for crushing the slag falling through the crusher chute, A pair of hydraulic jacks provided on the horizontal axis between the crusher chute and the roll crusher in the hopper, a spreader provided at the tip of a rod of each hydraulic jack, provided on each of the spreaders And the hydraulic unit for simultaneously moving the hydraulic jack toward the center, and A pair of plate-shaped bridge breakers fixed to the upper surface of the spreader and opposite to the center line of the hydraulic jack so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the center of the spreader, and moving with each spreader. A sandwiched slag crusher for a coal gasifier, wherein slag falling from the coal gasifier body is sandwiched between spreaders, the slag is crushed by its teeth, and the crushed slag is sent to a lower roll crusher .