JP3478161B2 - Distributor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distributor for distributing a fluid to a position where a plurality of injection points are required, such as a cylinder of a diesel engine or a reciprocating compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a diesel engine of a ship, etc., a cylinder is lubricated by lubricating oil which is a fluid pressure-fed from an oiling device, but the cylinder has many injection points. In addition, the number of pipes corresponding to that was routed directly from the lubricator.
However, in such a structure, there is a problem that a space and a cost for routing the pipes increase.

Therefore, a distributor having one inlet and a plurality of outlets is arranged between the lubricator and the cylinder, and one pipe is drawn from the lubricator, and the lubricating oil pumped from the pipe is supplied. It is adopted that the distributor distributes equal amounts and the distributed lubricating oil is sent from each outlet to the corresponding lubrication point of the cylinder. Such a distributor is not limited to the diesel engine described above, and generally, as a distributor for distributing and supplying a fluid to a large number of injection points, the following structure is currently used. That is, a plurality of spools are arranged side by side in the main body, and an inlet port communicating with a common fluid introduction path and an outlet port communicating with a fluid outlet corresponding to the end of each spool are provided at two locations around each spool. Collected, the spool is provided with the inlet port and the outlet port in accordance with the reciprocating operation performed between the leftward position and the rightward position with the neutral position that simultaneously blocks the two own inlet ports as a boundary. When a switching unit that opens and closes in a contradictory manner is formed and one of the spools operates in either the left or right direction, the fluid is discharged from the fluid outlet corresponding to the end of the spool to which the spool is moved, and the two switching units are formed. One of them is switched to the inlet port side so that the fluid passage is communicated with the cylinder chamber that is the biasing chamber of the spool of the next stage determined to operate next, and at the same time the other is switched to the outlet port side of the next stage. The cylinder chamber on the side that is to be the compression chamber of the spool is connected to the corresponding fluid outlet, and the series of operations to cause the operation of the spool of the next stage in the corresponding direction is performed one after another from the first stage to the final stage spool. Further, as the operation of the spool at the final stage causes the operation in the opposite direction to the operation of the spool at the first stage, the chain of the spools is infinitely repeated as long as the fluid is pumped to the fluid introduction path. It is a distributor configured to sequentially and continuously discharge fluid from the corresponding fluid outlets.

[0004]

With such a structure, while the fluid is being pumped from the lubricator or the like, the spool moves in either the left or right direction in conjunction with the operation of the spool in the preceding stage. To discharge the fluid from the fluid outlet corresponding to the end of the moving destination, and to close one outlet port and open the inlet port at the same time to establish a fluid introducing passage and a cylinder chamber to be the biasing chamber of the spool at the next stage. To communicate the fluid and cause the operation of the spool at the next stage. At the same time, the other inlet port is closed and the outlet port is opened so that the cylinder chamber of the next-stage spool communicates with the corresponding fluid outlet, and the fluid is discharged by the operation of the next-stage spool. To Such a series of operations,
As long as the fluid is pumped through the fluid introduction path, the chain of the spools will be infinitely repeated so that an equal amount of fluid is sequentially and continuously delivered from each fluid outlet. It is possible to discharge the fluid to a plurality of injection points such as a cylinder and to pump the fluid. In this way, by reducing the piping space and the costs associated with it by connecting one pipe leading from the lubricator to the fluid inlet of the distributor and connecting the fluid outlet to the corresponding injection point. I am able to do it.

In such a distributor, when the pressure feeding from the lubricator or the like is stopped, the fluid pressure in the cylinder chambers at both ends of the spool becomes uniform and the spool stands still at an arbitrary position. At this time, if at least one of the plurality of spools is stationary so as to open the inlet port, the pressure feeding can be restarted without any trouble. However, there is a case where all the spools are simultaneously stopped at the neutral position and all the inlet ports are blocked. When the pumping is restarted in such a state, there is no escape place for the fluid in the fluid introduction path, and the fluid pressure rises abnormally, which causes damage to the lubricator and the piping. Further, since all injection points such as cylinders are connected to the distributor, the engine itself will not operate unless the distributor operates.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems.

[0007]

The present invention adopts the following constitution in order to achieve such an object. That is, in addition to the general configuration of the distributor described above, the distributor according to the present invention has a structure in which one spool is configured to open one inlet port at least at the time of starting the pumping of fluid at a position communicating with one end of at least one spool. As described above, a biasing means for biasing the spool to the leftward position or the rightward position is provided.

According to this structure, when the pressure feeding is restarted after the pressure feeding is stopped, at least one spool is displaced from the neutral position by the biasing means to move to the left row position or the right row position. Since it is biased, it is possible to ensure that one inlet port of the spool is opened, and it is possible to operate the distributor without trouble after restarting the pressure feeding. Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage to the lubricator, etc. and the piping, so that the cost can be effectively reduced, and, like the conventional distributor, there is an advantage of reducing the piping space and the cost. It can be maintained.

In addition, the urging means can be retrofitted to a conventional distributor, and the urging means can be realized as a distributor for facilitating the replacement thereof. An elastic biasing member that is removably disposed so as to communicate with at least one cylinder chamber from the outside of the main body, and has one end attached to one end of a corresponding spool,
One example is that the spool is urged to the leftward position or the rightward position by the urging force of the elastic urging body after the fluid pressure supply is stopped.

Further, in order to realize a distributor having an effective biasing means with an extremely simple structure, the biasing means is disposed in the at least one cylinder chamber, and one end of the corresponding spool has one end. An example of the elastic body attached to the above is that after the fluid is stopped from being pumped, the spool is urged to the leftward position or the rightward position by the urging force of the elastic body.

Further, as the urging means configured to operate at least one spool by the initial pressure of the fluid at the time of restarting the pressure feeding after all the spools are once aligned in the neutral position after the pressure feeding is stopped, A urging means, a relief valve formed in the main body so that one end thereof is openably and closably communicated with the fluid introduction path and the other end thereof is communicated with at least one cylinder chamber; and one end of the relief valve is opened at the time of starting pressure feeding. And a fluid that is pressure-fed to the other end to operate the corresponding spool. With such an urging means, it is possible to add to the structure of the conventional distributor alone or to use it together with the elastic urging body or the elastic body to further improve the safety.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This distributor Z1 is arranged between an unillustrated lubricator and a cylinder in a diesel engine of a ship, and the lubricating oil O, which is a fluid pressure-fed from the former lubricator, is applied to a plurality of lubricating ports of the latter cylinder. To distribute in quantity,
One pipe is connected to the outlet of the lubricator, and the cylinder is provided with six lubrication ports. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, one common fluid introduction passage 2 and the end portions A2, A3, B2, B3, C2 of each spool are provided in the main body 1 having three spools inside. , C3 respectively corresponding to the six fluid outlets Eb1, Eb2, Ec1, Ec
2, Ea2, Ea1 are provided, the pipe is connected to the fluid introduction path 2, and each fluid outlet Eb1, Eb is provided.
2, Ec1, Ec2, Ea2, and Ea1 are connected to the respective oil filling ports by pipes (not shown). The configuration of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG.

The fluid introduction passage 2 is formed by perforating the main body 1 made of a solid rigid body, and the inlet 21 of the lubricating oil O is opened in the substantially central portion of the bottom wall 11 of the main body 1 and does not penetrate the upper wall. It extends to the position. Further, in the main body 1, accommodating chambers 5a, 5b are formed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the fluid introduction passage 2 so as to extend symmetrically around the fluid introduction passage 2 so as not to interfere with the fluid introduction passage 2, 3 of 5c are arranged vertically,
The spools A, B, and
It accommodates C closely and movably.

All of the three spools A, B and C have the same structure and size, and one of them will be described. A body portion A1 having a diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the accommodation chamber 5a and a body portion. The end portions A2 and A3 that project laterally from both ends of the portion A1 and have a diameter smaller than that of the body portion are integrally formed, and the overall longitudinal dimension is shorter than the same dimension of the storage chamber 5a. is there. Further, grooves A4 and A5 are formed symmetrically around the body portion A1. This groove A4, A
Item 5 will be described in detail later. Then, with the center of the accommodation chamber 5a as the neutral position N, the left end portion A2 abuts the left side wall of the accommodation chamber 5a, and the leftward position L (shown by an imaginary line in the figure) and the right end portion. A3 can reciprocate left and right between a rightward position R (shown by an imaginary line in the figure) in which the right side wall of the accommodation chamber 5a abuts. Also, the accommodation chamber 5a
The spaces formed between the left and right ends A2 and A3 are cylinder chambers Sa1 and Sa2, respectively. Since the middle and lower spools B and C have the same structure as the upper spool A, the corresponding reference numerals will be given and described below.

In the body 1, three pairs of inlet side passages 3a1 and 3a2, 3b1 and 3b2 and 3c1 and 3c2, and three pairs of outlet side passages 4a1 and 4a2, 4b1 and 4b2 and 4c1 and 4c2 will be described. And are formed substantially symmetrically with the fluid introduction path 2 interposed therebetween. In the following, description will be made in order from the upper stage. Inlet side path 3a1 on the left side of the upper stage.
Has one end communicated with the fluid introduction path 2, penetrates the left side of the center of the upper storage chamber 5a in the middle, and communicates the other end with the lower right cylinder chamber Sc2. In addition, the left outlet side passage 4a1 communicates with one end on the inlet side passage 3a1 to a position between the storage chamber 5a and the cylinder chamber Sc2, and penetrates the left side of the upper storage chamber 5a on the way. The other end communicates with a fluid outlet Ea1 that opens to the left side wall 12 of the main body 1. On the other hand, the inlet side passage 3a2 on the right side has one end communicating with the fluid introduction passage 2, penetrating the right side of the upper chamber 5a in the middle, and the other end communicating with the lower left cylinder chamber Sc1. Further, one end of the right outlet side passage 4a2 communicates with a position between the storage chamber 5a and the cylinder chamber Sc1 on the inlet side passage 3a2, and the upper side storage chamber 5 is midway.
It penetrates the right side of a and communicates the other end with a fluid outlet Ea2 opened in the right side wall 13 of the main body 1. Then, the positions where the entrance-side paths 3a1 and 3a2 penetrate the accommodation chamber 5a are respectively defined as entrance ports Pa1 and Pa2, and the exit-side paths 4a1 and
The positions where 4a2 penetrates the accommodation chamber 5a are defined as outlet ports Qa1 and Qa2, respectively. Then, this accommodation room 5
When the spool A accommodated in a moves to the leftward position L, the left inlet port Pa1 is closed at the body portion A1 of the spool A and the outlet port Qa1 coincides with the left groove A4 provided in the spool A. The spool A has a body portion A1 and a groove A4 or A5 so that the right side inlet port Pa2 is opened at the same time as the right side groove A5 and the outlet port Qa2 is closed at the body portion A1. And switching parts Xa1 and Xa2. When the spool A moves to the rightward position R,
By the left and right switching parts Xa1 and Xa2, each inlet port Pa
1, Pa2 and the outlet ports Qa1 and Qa2 are switched so as to be in a state opposite to that at the leftward row position L.

Next, the left side entrance-side path 3b1 in the middle stage is
One end communicates with the fluid introduction path 2, and the middle-stage storage chamber 5b is midway.
Through the left side of the center of the above, and the other end communicates with the upper left cylinder chamber Sa1. Further, one end of the left outlet-side path 4b1 communicates with a position between the accommodation chamber 5b and the cylinder chamber Sa1 on the inlet-side path 3b1.
It penetrates the left side of the middle-stage storage chamber 5b on the way, and communicates the other end with a fluid outlet Eb1 which is open to the left side wall 12 of the main body 1. On the other hand, the inlet side passage 3b2 on the right side has one end communicating with the fluid introducing passage 2, penetrating the right side of the middle-stage storage chamber 5b on the way, and the other end communicating with the upper right-side cylinder chamber Sa2. Further, the outlet side passage 4b2 on the right side has one end on the inlet side passage 3b2 and the accommodation chamber 5b and the cylinder chamber S.
It communicates with the position between a2 and the middle of the storage chamber 5b in the middle and penetrates the right side, and the other end communicates with the fluid outlet Eb2 opened in the right side wall 13 of the main body 1. And, like the above-mentioned one, the inlet ports Pb1 and Pb2 and the outlet port Q.
b1 and Qb2 are formed, and the spool B in the middle stage is formed.
Also, switching portions Xb1 and Xb2 are formed, and the left and right switching portions Xb1 and Xb2 are connected by the reciprocating movement of the spool B so as to connect the left inlet port Pb1 and the outlet port Qb1 and the right inlet port Pb2 and the outlet port Qb2. , Each of them opens and closes in a contradictory manner.

In addition, the left-side entrance-side path 3c1 in the lower stage is
One end communicates with the fluid introduction path 2, and the lower accommodation chamber 5c is midway
Through the left side of the center of the above, and the other end communicates with the middle left side cylinder chamber Sb1. The left outlet side passage 4c1 communicates with one end on the inlet side passage 3c1 to a position between the accommodation chamber 5c and the cylinder chamber Sb1,
It penetrates the left side of the lower storage chamber 5c on the way, and communicates the other end with a fluid outlet Ec1 which is open to the left side wall 12 of the main body 1. On the other hand, the inlet side passage 3c2 on the right side has one end communicating with the fluid introduction passage 2, penetrating the right side of the lower storage chamber 5c in the middle, and the other end communicating with the cylinder chamber Sb2 on the right side of the middle stage. The right outlet side passage 4c2 has one end on the inlet side passage 3c1 and the accommodation chamber 5c and the cylinder chamber S.
It communicates with the position between c2, penetrates the right side of the lower storage chamber 5c on the way, and communicates the other end with the fluid outlet Ec2 opened to the right side wall 13 of the main body 1. Then, similarly to the upper and middle stages, the inlet ports Pc1 and Pc2 and the outlet ports Qc1 and Qc2 are formed, and the lower spool C is also formed with the switching portions Xc1 and Xc2 to form the spool C.
With the reciprocating movement of the left and right, the left and right switching portions Xc1 and Xc2 open and close the left inlet port Pc1 and the outlet port Qc1, and the right inlet port Pc2 and the outlet port Qc2, respectively, in a contradictory manner.

The above-mentioned respective paths are provided so as not to interfere with each other, and the holes opened in the wall of the main body 1 when the respective paths and the accommodating chamber are bored are appropriately formed by screws (not shown) or the like. It is backfilled closely by. In the present embodiment, such a hole is effectively used, and the urging means 6 of the present invention described below is detachably arranged in the main body 1. That is, the urging means 6 forms a screw hole (not shown) at the opening in the right side wall 12 of the main body 1 of the hole formed when the accommodation chamber 5b in the middle stage is bored, and the screw hole is
A male screw (not shown) formed in the biasing means main body 61 that houses the elastic biasing body 6a therein is screwed, and the tip of the biasing means main body 61 is attached to the right side wall of the cylinder chamber Sb2 formed in the storage chamber 5b. Abutting. This elastic biasing body 6a
Is composed of a spring 62, which is an elastic body, and a rod 63, which is an urging body that is disposed so as to project from and retract into the cylinder chamber Sb2 from the urging means main body 61. Then, these are housed in the inside 61a of the biasing means main body 61, and one end 62a of the spring 62 is
Is attached to the inner wall of the biasing means main body 1, and the other end 62
b is attached to the base end 63b of the rod 63, and the tip 63c of the rod 63 is brought into contact with the right end B3 of the spool B. Then, with such a configuration, the fluid introduction path 2
When the pumping of the lubricating oil O from is stopped, the elastic force of the spring 62 causes the rod 63 to project into the cylinder chamber Sb2, so that the spool B is moved from the neutral position N to the leftward position L indicated by an imaginary line. Energized to make it work.
The elastic force of the spring 62 is set to such an extent that the rod 63 can project and retract in the cylinder chamber Sb2 as the spool B moves when the lubricating oil O is pumped, and the spool B moves to the rightward position. When operated to R, the rod 63 is completely retracted into the urging means main body interior 61a.
Further, on the outer surface of the rod 63, a groove 63a communicating from the cylinder chamber Sb to the inside of the biasing means main body 61a is engraved along the longitudinal direction.
The lubricating oil O inside the urging means main body 61a is transferred to the cylinder chamber Sb2.
The lubricating oil O therein is appropriately replaced.

With the above-described structure, the distributor Z1 of the present embodiment operates as follows, as shown in FIGS. The state of FIG. 2 is a state in which the lubricating oil O is not pumped, the spool B in the middle stage is urged by the urging means 6 to the leftward position L, and the spools A and C in the upper and lower stages are The state is at the right row position R and the left row position L, respectively.

That is, the lubricating oil O pressure-fed to the fluid introduction passage 2 through the inlet 21 from the former-stage lubricator is (1) As shown in FIG. 2, it enters the cylinder chamber Sc2 from the inlet port Pa1 through the inlet-side passage 3a1. Enter and fix the spool C to the leftward position L. Further, the lubricating oil O enters the cylinder chamber Sb2 from the inlet port Pc2 through the inlet side passage 3c2,
The spool B is fixed at the leftward position L. Furthermore, lubricating oil O
Enters the cylinder chamber Sa2 from the inlet port Pb2 through the inlet side passage 3b2, causes the cylinder chamber Sa2 to act as an urging chamber, and urges the spool A to the left as indicated by the arrow by the hydraulic pressure of the lubricating oil O. 3, the cylinder chamber Sa1 on the opposite side is caused to act as a compression chamber, and the lubricating oil O is delivered to the fluid outlet Eb1 through the inlet side passage 3b1 and the outlet side passage 4b1. At this time, at the same time, the switching unit Xa2 changes the outlet port Qa2.
Closed and the inlet port Pa2 opened, and
The switching unit Xa1 closes the inlet port Pa1 and opens the outlet port Qa1. Only the operation different from the operation in the previous stage will be described below. (2) At the same time that the spool A starts to operate, as shown in FIG.
From the inlet port Pa2 through the inlet-side passage 3a2 into the cylinder chamber Sc1, actuating the cylinder chamber Sc1 as an urging chamber to urge the spool C to the right as shown by the arrow and move to the rightward position shown in FIG. While operating up to R,
The cylinder chamber Sc2 on the opposite side is made to act as a compression chamber, and the lubricating oil O is delivered to the fluid outlet Ea1 via the inlet side passage 3a1 and the outlet side passage 4a1. At this time, at the same time, the switching unit Xc1 closes the outlet port Qc1 and opens the inlet port Pc1, and the switching unit Xc2 closes the inlet port Pc2 and opens the outlet port Qc2. (3) At the same time when the spool C starts operating,
As shown in FIG. 4, the lubricating oil O enters the cylinder chamber Sb1 from the inlet port Pc1 through the inlet-side passage 3c1 and causes the cylinder chamber Sb1 to act as a biasing chamber to move the spool B to the right as indicated by the arrow. The cylinder chamber Sb2 on the opposite side is urged to move to the rightward position R shown in FIG.
To act as a compression chamber and deliver the lubricating oil O to the fluid outlet Ec2 via the inlet side passage 3c2 and the outlet side passage 4c2. At this time, at the same time, the switching unit Xb1 changes the outlet port Q
b1 is closed and the inlet port Pb1 is opened, and the switching unit Xb2 closes the inlet port Pb2 and the outlet port Qb2 is opened. (4) Spool B
5, the lubricating oil O enters the cylinder chamber Sa1 from the inlet port Pb1 through the inlet-side passage 3b1 at the same time as shown in FIG. 6 is operated to the rightward position R shown in FIG. 6 while operating the cylinder chamber Sa2 on the opposite side as a compression chamber and passing through the inlet side passage 3b2 and the outlet side passage 4b2 through the fluid outlet. Lubricating oil O is sent to Eb2. At the same time, the switching unit Xa1 closes the outlet port Qa1 and opens the inlet port Pa1, and the switching unit Xa2 closes the inlet port Pa2 and opens the outlet port Qa2. (5) At the same time when the spool A starts to operate, as shown in FIG.
1 into the cylinder chamber Sc2 through the inlet side passage 3a1, and the cylinder chamber Sc2 is made to act as an urging chamber to urge the spool C to the left as shown by the arrow to the leftward moving position L shown in FIG. At the same time, the cylinder chamber Sc1 on the opposite side is made to act as a compression chamber, and the lubricating oil O is delivered to the fluid outlet Ea2 via the inlet side passage 3a2 and the outlet side passage 4a2. At this time, at the same time, the switching unit Xc2 closes the outlet port Qc2 and opens the inlet port Pc2, and the switching unit Xc1 closes the inlet port Pc1 and opens the outlet port Qc1. (6) At the same time as the spool C starts operating, as shown in FIG.
The lubricating oil O enters the cylinder chamber Sb2 from the inlet port Pc2 through the inlet side passage 3c2, and the cylinder chamber Sb2
As a biasing chamber, the spool B is biased to the left as shown by the arrow to operate to the leftward position L shown in FIG. 2, and the cylinder chamber Sb1 on the opposite side acts as a compression chamber, and the inlet side Lubricating oil O is delivered to the fluid outlet Ec1 through the outlet side passage 4c1 via the passage 3c1. At this time, at the same time, the switching unit Xb2 closes the outlet port Qb2 and opens the inlet port Pb2, and the switching unit Xa1 closes the inlet port Pb1 and the outlet port Qb2.
Open up. (7) When the spool B moves to the leftward position L, the lubricating oil O flows from the inlet port Pb2 to the inlet side passage 3
Returning to the state shown in FIG. 2 in which the cylinder chamber Sa2 enters through b2, the spools A, B, C as in (1) to (7) above
The operation chain of the above continues indefinitely as long as the lubricating oil O is pumped, and the respective fluid outlets Ea1, Ea2, Eb1, Eb2, Ec
The lubricating oil O is sequentially sent from the first and the Ec2 to the subsequent cylinder.

In the above description, for the sake of convenience, the pressure-feeding of the lubricating oil O was started from the state shown in FIG.
The spools A and C in the upper and middle stages are in the leftward position L, the rightward position R, the neutral position N, or between these, except that the spool B in the middle stage is biased by the biasing means 6 to the leftward position L. The pressure feeding can be started in a stationary state at any position.

The present embodiment is configured and provided for use as described above. In addition to the general configuration of this type of distributor, one spool is used when the lubricating oil O is not pumped. A biasing means 6 for biasing B to the leftward position L is provided. Therefore, while the pumping of the lubricating oil O is stopped,
It is prohibited that all spools A, B, and C stand still at the neutral position N in a blocked state, and at least one inlet port P
b2 can be opened. Therefore, the lubricating oil O
It is possible to effectively prevent the lubricating oil O from escaping from the fluid introduction path 2 and becoming abnormally high pressure when the pressure feeding of the oil is started, and to prevent damage to the lubricator and the pipe in the preceding stage of the distributor Z1. Possibility can be avoided. Also, the distributor Z1
It is also possible to prevent the diesel engine from stopping due to the fact that the engine does not operate.

In particular, in this embodiment, the biasing means 6 is
A spring 6 which is an elastic body detachably attached from the outside of the main body 1.
Since the elastic urging member 6a is composed of 2 and the rod 63 as the urging member, the structure of the urging means 6 can be simplified and its replacement can be easily performed. Further, the mounting position of the urging means 6 is set to the accommodation chamber 5b of the spool B.
Since the hole formed at the time of drilling is effectively used, the attachment to the existing distributor can be made extremely easy.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment,
The biasing means may be configured as shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9, for example. Since the basic structure shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the same members will be described with the same reference numerals. Figure 8
The distributor Z2 shown in FIG. 7 has a spring 162, which is an elastic body, as the biasing means 106 in the right cylinder chamber Sb2 in the middle stage. The spring 162 has one end 162a attached to the side wall of the cylinder chamber and the other end 162b attached to the right end B3 of the spool B.
After the pressure feeding is stopped, the spool B is biased to the leftward position L shown by the solid line in the figure to prohibit the spool B from resting at the neutral position N shown by the phantom line in the figure.
With this configuration, the right inlet port Pb2 has already been opened when the pumping of the lubricating oil O is started next time, so that the lubricating oil O becomes abnormally high in the fluid introduction passage 2. To prevent that. However, the operation of the distributor Z2 having such a configuration is similar to the operation of the above-described embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted here. When the biasing means 106 is configured as described above, it is difficult to retrofit it to the existing distributor, but other than that, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment is obtained, and the configuration of the biasing means 106 is simplified. Can be converted.

The distributor Z3 shown in FIG. 9 employs, as the urging means 206, a relief valve whose both ends communicate with the fluid introducing passage 2 and one cylinder chamber Sa2. In this distributor Z3, the upper end 2a of the fluid introduction path 2 is
Is extended further upward. Since the relief valve is similar to the conventional poppet type, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, the relief valve main body 261 in which the retainer portion 264 having a part opening to the bottom wall 261a is formed, and the retainer portion 264. A ball 263 that is mounted on the
Elastically deformable spring 26 that presses the ball 263 downward
It has 2 and. The retainer portion 264 is communicated with the tip 2a of the fluid introduction path 2 extending upward, the side wall 261b is also provided with an opening, and the opening is communicated with the upper cylinder chamber Sa2. In such a configuration, after the pumping of the lubricating oil O is stopped, when all the spools A, B, and C are aligned in the neutral position N shown by the solid line in the figure in the block state, when the pumping of the lubricating oil O is restarted, the fluid introduction When the hydraulic pressure of the lubricating oil O gradually increases in the passage 2 and exceeds the elastic force of the spring 262, the ball 263 moves upward as shown by the arrow in the figure against the elastic force, and the retainer portion 26
4 is opened. Then, the lubricating oil O flowing into the relief valve main body 261 enters the cylinder chamber Sa2 from the opening of the side wall 261b, and the hydraulic pressure causes the cylinder chamber Sa2 to act as a biasing chamber, and the spool A is indicated by an arrow in the figure. As shown, it is urged to the left and moved to the leftward line position L shown by the imaginary line. At this time, according to the figure, the middle-stage inlet port Pb1
Although the outlet port Qb1 and the outlet port Qb1 are both closed by the spool B, the lubricating oil O actually contains some air, and the lubricating oil O contains the cylinder chamber Sa1 and the inlet port Pb1 and the outlet port Qb1. It will be slightly compressed in the inlet side path 3b1 and the outlet side path 4b1 surrounded by and. Further, between the peripheral wall of the accommodation chamber 5b and the body portion B1 of the spool B, there is lubricating oil O for lubricating the spool B, and a very small amount of lubricating oil O is present in the inlet port Pb1 and the outlet port Qb1. Flows out of. Therefore, when the spool A starts to move slightly to the left, the inlet port Pa2 is opened, and the lubricating oil O in the fluid introduction passage 2 becomes
It will flow into the cylinder chamber Sc1. The subsequent operation of the distributor Z3 proceeds in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
However, the elastic force of the spring 262 arranged in the relief valve is
The distributor Z3 is set so as not to be deformed under normal operating conditions.

With this configuration, the distributor Z
In No. 3, even if all the spools A, B, and C are in a blocked state and are aligned in the neutral position N and are stationary, the pumping of the lubricating oil O can be started without any trouble. Further, such a relief valve may be used alone or in combination with the distributors Z1 and Z2 of the type in which the spools B are biased by the elastic bodies 62 and 162 as in the above-mentioned embodiment. 1
It can be used very effectively as a safety measure for the case where 62 is broken.

The configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the urging means may of course urge the spool to urge the left end portion instead of the right end portion, and may urge not only one spool but another spool. Even if each of the spools is biased in one direction, the same operational effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. Further, when the elastic force of the elastic body is used as the urging means, the elastic body may not only press the spool but also pull the spool. Further, the number of spools may be set in accordance with the fluid injection position. Further, the present invention is not limited to the diesel engine of a ship,
It is effectively applied when a fluid is distributed to a large number of injection points such as a reciprocating compressor and a spinning machine. Other,
The specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0028]

The present invention is carried out in the form as described above, and has the following effects. That is, the distributor of the present invention is provided with a general structure as this type of distributor, and is further provided with a biasing means at a position leading to one end of at least one spool, and the spool serves as the biasing means. Since the urging force is biased so as to deviate from the neutral position to move to the leftward position or the rightward position, at least at the start of the fluid pumping, the state in which one inlet port is opened is secured. After the pumping is restarted, the fluid pressure in the fluid introduction path is not increased further, and the distributor can be operated without any trouble. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent damage to the lubricator and the piping in the former stage of the distributor.
The cost can be reduced.

If the urging means is an elastic urging body which is detachably arranged so as to communicate with the at least one cylinder chamber from the outside of the main body, not only the above effect is effectively exhibited. Since the urging means can be attached to and detached from the conventional distributor, the urging means can be easily attached or replaced, and the cost can be reduced extremely effectively.

Furthermore, if the urging means is an elastic body such as a spring arranged in at least one cylinder chamber, the structure of the urging means can be made extremely simple. Further, as a biasing means, a relief valve having one end openably and closably connected to the fluid introduction path and the other end connected to at least one cylinder chamber is opened at the initial pressure of the fluid at the time of starting the pressure feed to operate the spool. By adopting such a configuration, even after all the spools are once blocked and aligned in the neutral position after the pressure feeding is stopped, the pressure feeding can be restarted smoothly. Further, such a biasing means is effective even if it is added to the configuration of the conventional distributor by itself, but if it is used together with the elastic biasing body or the biasing means provided with the elastic body, it is possible to further It is possible to construct a distributor with safety measures.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the same operation.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the same operation.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the same operation.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the same operation.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the same operation.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A, B, C ... Spools Ea1, Ea2, Eb1, Eb2, Ec1, Ec2 ... Fluid outlets Pa1, Pa2, Pb1, Pb2, Pc1, Pc2 ... Inlet port Qa1, Qa2, Qb1, Qb2, Qc1, Qc2 ... Outlet port Sa1 , Sa2, Sb1, Sb2, Sc1, Sc2 ... Cylinder chambers Xa1, Xa2, Xb1, Xb2, Xc1, Xc2 ... Switching parts Z1, Z2, Z3 ... Distributor L ... Left row position R ... Right row position N ... Neutral position 1 ... Main body 2 ... Fluid introduction paths 6, 106, 206 ... Biasing means

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16N 25/02 F17D 1/00 F16K 11/07 F16K 31/12

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of spools are arranged side by side in a main body, and an inlet port communicating with a common fluid introducing passage at two locations around each spool and an outlet communicating with a fluid outlet corresponding to an end of each spool. Collect ports and each spool,
A switching unit that opens and closes the inlet port and the outlet port in a contradictory manner with a reciprocating operation performed between a leftward position and a rightward position with a neutral position that simultaneously blocks two own inlet ports as a boundary. When any one of the spools is operated to move in either the left or right direction, the fluid is discharged from the fluid outlet corresponding to the destination end of the spool, and one of the two switching portions is moved to the inlet port side. The cylinder on the side which becomes the compression chamber of the spool of the next stage by switching the fluid passage to the cylinder chamber which is the biasing chamber of the spool of the next stage which is determined to operate next, and at the same time switches the other to the outlet port side. A series of operations, in which a chamber communicates with a corresponding fluid outlet and causes the operation of the spool in the next stage in the corresponding direction, is sequentially linked from the first stage spool to the last stage spool, and further the last stage spool. As long as the fluid is pumped to the fluid introduction passage, the chain of the spools is infinitely repeated so as to cause the movement of the spool at the first stage in the direction opposite to the above-mentioned movement, and the fluid is discharged from the corresponding fluid outlets. In such a structure that discharges sequentially and continuously, at a position communicating with one end of at least one spool, the spool is in a leftward position so that at least the spool opens one inlet port at the start of pumping of fluid. Alternatively, the distributor is provided with an urging means for urging the rightward position. 2. The elastic urging body, wherein the urging means is removably disposed so as to communicate with the at least one cylinder chamber from the outside of the main body, and has one end attached to one end of a corresponding spool. 2. The distributor according to claim 1, wherein the spool is urged to the leftward position or the rightward position by the urging force of the elastic urging body after the pressure feeding of the fluid is stopped. 3. An elastic body, wherein the urging means is disposed in the at least one cylinder chamber and has one end attached to one end of a corresponding spool, and the elastic body of the elastic body is provided after the fluid pressure is stopped. The distributor according to claim 1, wherein the spool is biased to a leftward position or a rightward position by an urging force. 4. A relief valve formed in the body so that the urging means has one end openably and closably connected to the fluid introduction passage and the other end connected to at least one cylinder chamber.
2. The distributor according to claim 1, wherein the relief valve is formed by opening one end of the relief valve at the start of the pressure feeding and feeding the pressure to the other end to operate a corresponding spool.