JP3479063B2 - How to get a culvert structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a structure of an underdrain.
It is about law .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When an old building is demolished, various kinds of waste materials are generated, and various environmental and social problems are caused in the disposal thereof. In particular, at present, wood is often burned and treated, but CO ₂ is generated in the burn treatment, which causes global warming. On the other hand, in underground drainage, it is important to purify the drainage to maintain a good environment.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining an underdrain structure which can solve these problems.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, the present invention comprises:
A large number of fillers in grooves that are formed almost horizontally in the ground of the land
The structure of the underdrain in which the earth is buried and the filling material is loaded with earth pressure.
In the method for obtaining the above, the wood waste is carbonized to obtain a particle size of 3.
Process for obtaining powdery or granular charcoal powder of 0 mm or less
The mixture of water and a binder to the charcoal powder and granules
The process of obtaining a kneaded product whose main component is powder and granules
While adhering the kneaded material around the coal particles,
By gradually increasing the diameter of the carbon grain by using and maintaining the spherical shape
Spherical charcoal for adsorption having a diameter of 10 mm to 200 mm
And filling the spherical charcoal as the filling material in the trench of the underdrain.
It is characterized by obtaining the structure of the underdrain with the process of installing
It

The structure of the main underdrain can be used, for example, in a land for construction. As is well known, charcoal has an action of adsorbing chemical substances, so by embedding such charcoal,
It can absorb harmful substances in wastewater and wastewater. Further, since the spherical charcoal is used, a water passage gap is formed between the spherical charcoals in the groove or the like. Even if foreign matter is clogged in the gap, since charcoal has water absorption and water permeability, water permeability is maintained in the groove of the underdrain. In particular, charcoal absorbs moisture in the rainy season and releases it to the soil in the dry season because it has a humidity control function. Therefore, there is an advantage that the angle of repose of the land such as the constructed land is stabilized, and the risk of a disaster is reduced.

[0006] In particular, the following advantages can be obtained by using spherical charcoal. Since it is spherical, the compressive strength is strong, and therefore, even if a large earth pressure is applied, the spherical coal is less likely to be crushed, so that the gap between the spherical coal is unlikely to be crushed. Therefore, ground subsidence is less likely to occur after burial. Since it has a spherical shape, the spherical charcoal rolls and the spherical charcoal tends to be regularly aligned even if the charcoal is randomly charged when the charcoal is charged into a groove in the underdrain. Therefore, the workability at the site is good and the filling efficiency is high.

In the present invention, when the groove of the underdrain is filled with the spherical charcoal, it is preferable to cover the circumference of the groove with a water-permeable sheet or a net which allows water to permeate or pass therethrough.
By using such a sheet or the like, it is possible to prevent the sand and sand from entering the groove filled with the spherical charcoal, and there is no risk of clogging the gap between the spherical charcoals.

The preferred spherical charcoal used in the present invention is a spherical charcoal having a diameter of 10 to 200 mm and a particle diameter of 3.0 mm.
A powdery or granular powdery or granular material of the following charcoal is used as a main component, and the powdery or granular materials are bonded to each other by a binder, and formed into a spherical shape through a granulating step.

[0009] In the present invention, the spherical carbon was molded by the mold (hereinafter, referred to as. "Molded charcoal") is used, in manufacturing by molding spherical coal in a mold, a raw material different from the resin and metal flow Since it has almost no property, productivity may be significantly reduced, or spherical charcoal having a predetermined shape may not be obtained. On the other hand, in the present invention, the diameter of spherical coal is gradually increased by rolling the core that becomes spherical coal and adhering the kneaded material around the core, and by continuously granulating in a snowball manner, continuous It is possible to obtain inexpensive spherical charcoal.

Since the molding charcoal is uniaxially compressed and molded, the structure becomes non-uniform and lacks stability against external force. On the other hand, the spherical charcoal obtained through the granulation process is
The compressive force of the tissue is uniform, and even if the compressive force is applied from any direction, a constant compressive strength can be obtained.

[0012] Further, since the formed coal has a rough central portion and the surface tends to become dense, the surface is likely to be clogged. In contrast,
The spherical charcoal obtained through the granulation step does not easily cause such a problem, and it is possible to make the surface structure coarser than the central part structure.

In the present invention, the reason why the powdery or granular material of charcoal having a particle size of 3.0 mm or less is the main component is to enable the above granulation. The term "main component" means that the weight of the powdered or granular material of the spherical coal is the largest as compared with other raw materials. Further, the "powder granules" include aggregates of powders only, aggregates of granules only, and aggregates of a mixture of powders and granules. In general, the binder is preferably about 20% by weight of spherical charcoal. Although various binders such as lignin and phenol resin can be used,
A binder insoluble in water is preferable, and a binder having a specific gravity larger than that of charcoal and having adsorptivity may be used.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B show the first embodiment. In FIG. 1 (a), a land 4 is formed by embankment 3 on the ground 2. A drainage culvert 5 is formed vertically and horizontally on the land development 4.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the underdrain 5 is
It is equipped with a groove 6 formed in the ground, a pipe 7 for collecting water, a filler made of a large number of spherical charcoal 1, and a sheet (water-permeable sheet) 8 for preventing sucking out. It is for draining rainwater and spring water. The groove 6 is formed in a deep horizontal hole substantially horizontally in the ground of the ground 2 and the embankment 3, and the spherical coal 1 is loaded with the earth pressure of the embankment 3 via the seal 8.

The pipe 7 is formed by, for example, a perforated pipe having a large number of holes 70, and along the groove 6,
Further, the groove 6 is buried in the bottom portion rather than the center of the cross section. The pipe 7 is provided after the spherical charcoal 1 is laid down. Further, the pipe 7 may be piped by an empty pipe.

The sheet 8 is made of, for example, a non-woven fabric and allows water to permeate or pass through. The sheet 8 is arranged around the groove 6 and covers the large number of spherical charcoal 1 from the periphery. As a result, it is possible to prevent the gap between the spherical coals 1 from being clogged with earth and sand.

The spherical charcoal 1 is evenly filled around the pipe 7 in the groove 6, and a water passage gap S (FIG. 1C) is formed between the respective spherical charcoals 1. . Embankment 3
The water from the water passes through the sheet 8 and the gap, permeates the spherical charcoal 1, and enters the pipe 7 through the hole 70 of the pipe 7 to be collected. The collected water is discharged from the tip of the pipe 7 to a gutter such as a road.

Generally, the diameter D (FIG. 3 (a)) of the spherical charcoal 1 is preferably set to about 10 mm to 200 mm, more preferably about 30 mm to 150 mm.
Further, as the spherical charcoal 1, all having the same diameter may be used, but as shown in FIG. 1C, two or more kinds of spherical charcoal 1, 1A may be mixed. In this case, in order to improve the filling efficiency, it is preferable that the diameter of the small spherical charcoal 1A is smaller than the size that can enter the gap S between the four spherical charcoals 1 densely arranged in an equilateral triangle. .

The gap S may be filled with a filler other than the spherical charcoal 1 in advance. Other fillers include
Rice husks or granules of charcoal which have not been granulated or molded may be filled.

Next, a method for producing the spherical charcoal 1, (1A) will be described. In FIG. 2, in order to obtain the spherical charcoal 1, first, a charcoal powder or granular material is prepared or manufactured.

The high-temperature coal powder can be industrially mass-produced through the following steps, for example. That is, the wood waste is crushed or crushed into chips or powder (sawdust (sawdust)), and then the chips or powder waste is stored in the furnace at a maximum temperature of 800 ℃ ~ 1000 ℃. At 20 minutes to 60 minutes (preferably 30 minutes to 40 minutes), carbonization is performed by heating to obtain high temperature charcoal. The carbonized high temperature charcoal is pulverized by a roll crusher into the powdery granules having an average particle diameter of 1.0 mm or less. After that, it is sorted by a cyclone or the like to obtain a granular material having a particle size of 3.0 mm or less. In addition, when the ogre powder is carbonized, the sorting step is not necessary.

Water and a binder such as lignin are mixed with the powdered and granular material of charcoal, and the mixture is kneaded in a mixer to obtain a kneaded product. Grains to be cores are prepared from the kneaded product, and the cores are gradually rolled up on the kneaded product to gradually increase in diameter and granulate into spherical shapes. Then, the spherical granules are put into a drying furnace and left for a predetermined time to obtain spherical charcoal (spherical charcoal) 1.

As shown in FIG. 2 (b), as the granulator 50, a vibrating granulator which vibrates a cylindrical drum 52 by a vibration motor 51, or as shown in FIG. 2 (c), A pan-type granulator that rotates the circular pan 53 in an inclined state can be adopted.

In the present invention, the spherical charcoal 1 has only to be formed through a granulation step, and may be subjected to a (secondary) molding step of molding with a mold after granulation. By finishing the (secondary) molding step, the spherical charcoal 1 has a spherical shape close to a perfect sphere as shown in FIG. 3 (a) and a groove 11 formed on the surface as shown in FIG. 3 (b). You may. Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, a large number of recesses 12 may be provided on the surface of the spherical charcoal 1. Also,
As shown in FIG. 3D, a spherical polyhedron may be used. Further, the shape may be an elliptical sphere or the like as long as it does not impair the rolling property during construction. In addition, an infinite number of striped patterns may be formed on the surface to increase the surface area of the sphere. ,
The groove, the recess, and the striped pattern are not limited to the die molding, but can be obtained by rolling on a metal plate having a surface shape corresponding to the groove, the recess, and the striped pattern after molding into a sphere.

By the way, as a raw material of the powdery charcoal,
Various materials such as wood, bamboo, and grass can be used, but it is most preferable from the environmental point of view to use the waste wood of the house.

The temperature of thermal decomposition or calcination for obtaining the raw coal is preferably in the range of 400 ° C to 1200 ° C. Within this range, many voids are generated during thermal decomposition, so that the specific surface area is large and the adsorption performance is high. High carbon powder particles can be obtained. Carbonization becomes insufficient when the temperature of pyrolysis or calcination is less than 400 ° C, and when pyrolysis or calcination is performed at a temperature over 1200 ° C, the carbon powder particles contract and the specific surface area decreases, resulting in poor adsorption performance. Is not preferred. Maximum temperature during production from such point of view that a 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C. or less have better more favorable <br/>.

In the present invention, the average particle size of the raw coal is 1.0 m.
It is preferably set to m or less. By setting the particle size of the charcoal to be small, it becomes easy to granulate the raw charcoal. From this point of view, it is preferable to use a powdery material having an average particle size of 300 μm or less, and most preferably a powdery material having an average particle size of 100 μm or less. In the present invention, it is necessary to use powdered and granular material of charcoal, but powdered and granular material of low temperature charcoal and high temperature charcoal can be used.

In the present invention, the core of the spherical charcoal 1 may be a spherical material made of another material other than the kneaded material. Further, the spherical charcoal 1 only needs to have a powdery or granular material of charcoal as a main component, and a powdery or granular material made of another material that adsorbs a chemical substance or dirt may be mixed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a land preparation and an underdrain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a method for producing spherical charcoal and a conceptual perspective view of a production apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of spherical charcoal.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Spherical charcoal 6: groove 7: Pipe 8: Water-permeable sheet

Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 11/00 B01J 20/20

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A number of filler material is embedded in a generally horizontal groove formed in the ground of reclamation areas, a method of obtaining a structure of culvert the soil pressure is loaded to the filler, the waste wood carbonization No powder with a particle size of 3.0 mm or less
The step of obtaining granular charcoal powder and granules, and mixing the charcoal powder granules with water and a binding agent
The step of obtaining a kneaded product containing the main component as the main component, and the kneaded product is attached around the carbon particle while rolling the carbon particle.
By gradually increasing the diameter of the carbon grain to make it spherical
Shape-maintained sphere for adsorption with a diameter of 10 mm to 200 mm
Process of obtaining a brittle charcoal, and a step of burying the spherical charcoal as a filler in a channel of an underdrain
And a method of obtaining a structure of an underdrain. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the charcoal powder and granules is a process of crushing or crushing wood waste into chips or powder.
And a step of carbonizing the chip-like or powder-like waste material.
How to obtain the structure of the underdrain. 3. The step of pulverizing the carbide of the chip-like or powder-like waste material according to claim 2.
A method for obtaining a structure of an underdrain further comprising: 4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the underdrain is provided with a pipe for collecting water that has been buried along the groove in the center or bottom portion of the cross section of the groove, the ball
Structure of the underdrain where the above-mentioned pipes are laid after laying down charcoal
How to get.