JP3481471B2 - Spread spectrum communication apparatus and spread spectrum communication method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spread spectrum communication apparatus and a spread spectrum communication method, and more particularly, to a roadside device and a road between a master station and a slave station, for example, in a road-vehicle communication system. The present invention relates to an improvement that allows a plurality of communication channels to be configured by using one frequency between a plurality of moving vehicles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of a road-vehicle communication system using a conventional spread spectrum radio apparatus and spread spectrum communication method. What is this road-vehicle communication system?
Communication is possible between a plurality of vehicles running on a road and a roadside device provided along the road. In the figure, 2 is a plurality of road units arranged along the road, 21 is an antenna of the road unit 2, and 22 is SS (S
pread Spectrum; multiplex radio (hereinafter referred to as spectrum radio), 23 is a roadside controller for this roadside machine 2, 1 is a roadside processing device for controlling these roadside machines 2, 3 is a roadside controller A traveling vehicle, 32 is a spectrum wireless device mounted on the vehicle 3, 31 is an antenna of the spectrum wireless device 32, and 33 is a vehicle-mounted device mounted on the vehicle 3.

Next, the operation will be described. As the roadside equipment, the roadside processing apparatus 1 controls communication of a plurality of roadside machines 2. These roadside machines 2 are composed of a roadside controller 23, a spectrum radio 22, and an antenna 21. In the roadside machine 2, each roadside controller 23 is connected to the roadside processing unit 1 via a roadside communication path 4. Has been done. On the other hand, a plurality of vehicles 3 traveling on the road are equipped with an in-vehicle device 33, a spectrum radio 32, and an antenna 31, respectively, and perform necessary data update with a large number of vehicles within the radio wave coverage from the antenna 21 of the roadside equipment It is like this.

By the way, as an example of a conventional spread spectrum communication apparatus and spread spectrum communication method, for example, the invention of the present inventor is disclosed.
There is "Spread spectrum communication system and device" shown in No.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a PN (Pseudo Noise) code modulation type wireless transmitter used for spread spectrum communication, and is a transmission of the spread spectrum communication device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2740612. FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a PN code modulation type radio receiver used for spread spectrum communication, and is a receiver for the spread spectrum communication device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2740612. Are shown respectively. It should be noted that these system diagrams are also basic in the present invention.

In the system diagram of the PN code modulation type wireless transmitter of FIG. 2, numeral 19 is for selecting, on the transmitting side, a PN code which is different for each channel from the preselected PN code group. PN code selection circuit,
Reference numeral 17 is a PN code generation circuit for generating the PN code selected by the PN code selection circuit 19, reference numeral 18 is a timing generation circuit for generating the timing used in the PN code generation circuit 17, and 16 is data for temporarily storing the transmission data SD. A register, 15 is an XNOR gate that takes an exclusive NOR of the output of the data register 16 and the output of the PN code generation circuit 17, and 14 is a BPSK (Biphase Phase Shift Keying) modulation for the output of the XNOR gate 15. The BPSK modulation circuit 10 includes these timing generation circuits 1
8, PN code generation circuit 17, data register 16, XN
It is an ASIC (Application Specific IC) IC equipped with an OR gate 15 and a BPSK modulation circuit 14. Further, 13 is the output of this ASIC IC10, BP
Transmission R for modulating the output of the SK modulation circuit 14 into the RF band
An F converter, 12 is a transmission circuit that amplifies the output of the transmission RF converter 13 so that it can be transmitted, and 11 is an antenna that transmits the output of the transmission RF converter 13 amplified by the transmission circuit 12.

In the system diagram of the PN code modulation type radio receiver shown in FIG. 3, 21 is an antenna and 22 is an antenna 2.
A receiving circuit that receives a desired frequency from the radio waves received in 1, a receiving RF converter 23 that converts the frequency of the output of the receiving circuit 22, and a 26 is selected by the PN code modulation type wireless transmitter of FIG. The same PN code as
A PN code selection circuit for selecting from N code groups,
Reference numeral 27 is a PN code generation circuit that generates the PN code selected by the PN code selection circuit 26. Further, 24 is a BPSK demodulation circuit for demodulating the output of the reception RF converter 23, 25 is a digital correlation circuit for taking a digital correlation between the output of the BPSK demodulation circuit 24 and the output of the PN code generation circuit 27, and 28 is a synchronization judgment. A synchronization determination setting device that sets a threshold for performing the operation, 29 is a first determination circuit (hereinafter, referred to as determination circuit 1) that determines whether the correlation value output from the digital correlation circuit 25 is positive or negative, and 30 and 31 are reception signals. Second and third determination circuits (hereinafter referred to as determination circuit 2 and determination circuit 3) for detecting a PN code synchronization signal, 32
Is an OR circuit that outputs the logical sum of the outputs of the decision circuit 2 30 and the decision circuit 3 31; 33 is a synchronization detection circuit that performs synchronization detection based on the output of the OR circuit 32; and 34 is an output of this synchronization detection circuit 33. A self-synchronization generating circuit that generates the self-synchronization signal ST, 35 is a signal quality determination circuit that determines the signal quality using the output of the synchronization detection circuit 33, and 36 is a determination circuit based on the self-synchronization signal ST from the self-synchronization generation circuit 34. A latch flip-flop 20 for latching the output signal of 129, 20 is a BPSK demodulation circuit 24, a digital correlation circuit 25, a PN code generator 27, a synchronization determination setting device 28, a determination circuit 129, a determination circuit 2 30 and a determination circuit 331. , OR circuit 32, synchronization detection circuit 33, self-synchronization creation circuit 34, signal quality determination circuit 35, and latch flip-flop 36. Is an ASIC IC.

Next, the operation will be described. In the PN code modulation type wireless transmitter of FIG.
Specifies a specific PN code corresponding to the channel to be used from the PN code group by
7, a PN code of a type corresponding to the designation is generated. On the other hand, the transmission data SD is buffer-stored in the data register 16 and output from the data register 16 for each data bit in accordance with the timing signal ST from the timing generation circuit 18, while the PN code generation circuit 17
The timing is created so that one cycle of the PN code from is output. The output of the data register 16 and the output of the PN code generation circuit 17 are both XNOR gate 1
5 and code-modulated. That is, the XNOR gate 15 assigns a positive polarity PN code to the data “1” from the data register 16 and an opposite polarity PN code to the data “0”. Then, the PN code whose polarity is converted according to the type of this data is XNO.
It is output from the R15 gate and this is the BPSK modulation circuit 1
4 and is wirelessly transmitted from the transmission antenna 11 via the transmission RF converter 13 and the transmission circuit 12. On the other hand, in the PN code modulation type radio receiver of FIG. 3, the radio transmission wave from the PN code modulation type radio transmitter described above is received by the reception antenna 21 and the reception circuit 22 at a specific frequency, and then the reception RF signal is received. Converter 2
3, the frequency-converted signal is demodulated into a digital serial signal in the BPSK demodulation circuit 24, and a PN code is generated in the digital correlation circuit 25 according to the designation of the digital serial signal and the PN code selection circuit 26. PN generated by circuit 27
The correlation value calculation with the code is executed, and the results of the correlation value calculation are passed to the determination circuit 1 29, the determination circuit 2 30 and the determination circuit 3 31, respectively. The determination circuit 129 determines whether the correlation value is positive or negative by determining the majority decision of “1” and “0” with respect to the correlation value calculation result, and based on the reception synchronization timing RT from the self-synchronization creation circuit 34. After being latched by the latch flip-flop 36 once, it is output to the outside as reception data RD.

Judgment circuit 2 30 and judgment circuit 3 31
Is for detecting the synchronization signal of the received PN code, and the threshold value for synchronous reception is input from the synchronization determination setter 28, and the determination circuit 230 determines that the threshold value is equal to or greater than the threshold value with respect to the positive correlation value. If there is an output, and if there is an output that is less than or equal to the threshold value for the negative correlation value, the decision circuit 3 31 outputs that fact to the OR circuit 32, and the continuity is detected in the synchronization detection circuit 33. After checking, a synchronization determination is made, and the reception synchronization timing RT is created and output from the self-synchronization creation circuit 34. Further, the signal quality judgment circuit 35 judges whether or not the line quality above a certain level is maintained, and outputs the reception judgment signal CD when in use. By the way, the PN code generation circuit 1
7 and 27 can be realized by a general form of a PN code generating circuit, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, which is a nine-stage shift register of the maximum code length sequence (M sequence). In FIG. 4, square symbols S (1) to S (9) respectively represent one-stage shift registers and circle symbols K (1) to K (8).
Shows the XOR gates respectively, but whether or not there is a feedback connection connecting the shift register and the XOR gate is also represented as K (i) at each stage. If there is a feedback connection, K (i) is " It takes a value of 1 ", or a value of" 0 "if none. However, only K (9) shows the case where there is a feedback connection that is connected straight to the previous stage without passing through the XOR gate. Further, as the circuit configuration of the shift register, the number of feedback stages can be represented by a number in the form of [9, 4], for example. In this example [9, 4], there is an XOR gate corresponding to the fourth stage of the shift register and a feedback connection connecting the shift register of the fourth stage and the XOR gate, and the output of the shift register of the ninth stage is present. It is shown that there is a feedback connection that connects the to the previous stage in a straight line.

It is known that there are the following 10 patterns in the M-series 9-stage shift register configuration.

1. [9, 4] 2. [9, 6, 4, 3] 3. [9, 8, 5, 4] 4. [9, 8, 4, 1] 5. [9, 5, 3, 2] 6. [9, 8, 6, 5] 7. [9, 8, 7, 2] 8. [9, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1] 9. [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 3] 10. [9.7.6.4.3.1] Tables 1 to 10 show PN codes created by these shift registers.

[0012]

[Table 1]

[0013]

[Table 2]

[0014]

[Table 3]

[0015]

[Table 4]

[0016]

[Table 5]

[0017]

[Table 6]

[0018]

[Table 7]

[0019]

[Table 8]

[0020]

[Table 9]

[0021]

[Table 10]

Tables 1 to 10 show code sequences of PN codes sequentially output by the 9-stage shift register configuration of [9, 4] to [9.7.6.4.3.1] described above, respectively. For each 9-stage shift register configuration, a PN code with a code length of 511 bits (= 2 9 -1: 9 is derived from the number of stages of shift register) starts from the upper left bit in each table and ends with the lower right bit. It transmits one bit at a time.

Tables 11 to 20 show the results of calculating the mutual correlation values.

[0024]

[Table 11]

[0025]

[Table 12]

[0026]

[Table 13]

[0027]

[Table 14]

[0028]

[Table 15]

[0029]

[Table 16]

[0030]

[Table 17]

[0031]

[Table 18]

[0032]

[Table 19]

[0033]

[Table 20]

In Tables 11 to 20, these correlation values are, for example, in the case of Table 11, obtained by obtaining the correlation between the code series of Table 1 as text and the code series of Tables 1 to 10, respectively. In the normal order transmission, the correlation value in the case of transmitting each code sequence from the upper left bit of Table 1 to Table 10 is calculated in the same direction as the order of transmitting the text. In the reverse order transmission, the correlation value is calculated in the case of transmitting each code sequence in the reverse direction of the order of transmitting the text, that is, from the lower right bit to the upper left bit of Tables 1 to 10. , This reverse order transmission is for reference only. Then, the correlation value is the same as that for calculating the correlation value as a normal random code string, and the bit to be transmitted to the i-th (i = 1 to 511) of the text and each code sequence of Table 1 to Table 10 are transmitted. Compare each i-th transmitted bit,
If they match, the value is set to +1. If they do not match, the value is set to -1, and the total sum of +1 and -1 is calculated.

As can be seen from these Tables 11 to 20, the correlation value 511 between the text and the code of the text itself (text itself) and the correlation value (31 between the text and the other code (the code of the table other than the text)) Therefore, by assigning different PN codes to the radios using the same frequency, it is possible to sufficiently use each radio as having independent channel channels. The values in Tables 11 to 20 are shown.

[0036]

The conventional spread spectrum communication device and spread spectrum communication method are configured as described above, and it is easy to digitize the device.
Synchronization establishment and decoding can be realized without a feedback loop, and by adding a despread signal after the establishment of synchronization, it is possible to perform sufficiently practical communication even in multiple communication and mobile communication with many disturbance elements.

However, according to the configurations of the conventional spread spectrum communication apparatus and spread spectrum communication method, since the independence of channels is secured for each line channel, simultaneous transmission / reception that is possible with other communication systems, There has been a problem that group-based transmission and reception cannot be realized using the same frequency and a single line channel.

This simultaneous transmission / reception means between all master stations and slave stations, for example, between a base station (on-road processing device) and a mobile station (radio device mounted on a mobile body) in a road-vehicle communication system. It transmits and receives all at once. The group-based transmission / reception is that all mobile stations are divided into several groups, and only the mobile stations belonging to a desired group are simultaneously transmitted / received to / from the base station.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional ones, and enables simultaneous transmission / reception and group-based transmission / reception when spread spectrum communication is applied to road-to-vehicle communication in particular. Another object of the present invention is to provide a spread spectrum communication device and a spread spectrum communication method capable of simultaneously receiving transmissions of a plurality of channels from an in-vehicle device.

[0040]

A spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to the invention of claim 1 of the present application uses a PN code of positive polarity for either digital data "1" or "0" as digital data. Code modulation means for allocating the opposite polarity PN code to the other of "1" or "0" to perform code modulation, BPSK modulation means for performing BPSK modulation on the output of this code modulation means, and this BPSK modulation. RF conversion means for converting the output of the means to a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting the same, and assigning M different PN codes for individual transmission to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. In the simultaneous transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed at one frequency and the same data is transmitted to all M channels, these M PN codes are used. "1" by each bit in advance in order of transmission Judges to majority judgment, using a PN code of simultaneous transmission with assigned "0", in which to perform the code modulation.

Further, the spread spectrum radio communication transmitter according to the invention of claim 2 of the present application is a PN having a positive polarity with respect to either digital data "1" or "0".
A code modulating means for allocating a code to the other of the digital data "1" or "0" with a PN code of the opposite polarity to perform code modulation, and a BPSK modulating means for performing BPSK modulation on the output of the code modulating means. And this BPS
R for converting the output of the K modulation means into a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting it
Equipped with F conversion means, M (M is an integer of 2 or more)
By assigning M different PN codes for individual transmission to each channel, a multiple channel is formed at a single frequency, and each channel is divided into groups. In the group-by-group transmission mode in which the same data is transmitted, each bit is preliminarily majority-determined in the transmission order of m (m is an integer such that M>m> 1) PN codes belonging to this group are “1” and “0”. The code modulation is performed by using the PN code for group-specific transmission to which is assigned.

A spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to the invention of claim 3 of the present application is a receiving means for receiving a transmission wave from the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of claim 1 or 2, and the receiving means. BPSK demodulation means for BPSK demodulating the output, digital correlation means for calculating a correlation value between the digital signal output from the BPSK demodulation means and a specific PN code, and the specific PN code is positive based on the correlation value. Determination means for performing decoding by determining whether the polarity is the opposite polarity or the opposite polarity, and the digital correlation means assigns M as the specific PN code to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. By using different PN codes for individual transmission, simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission is received.

Further, a spread spectrum wireless communication device according to the invention of claim 4 of the present application comprises the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving device according to claim 3 and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting device according to claim 1 or 2. The individual transmission, the simultaneous transmission or the group-based transmission is performed between the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver.

A spread spectrum radio communication receiver according to the invention of claim 5 of the present application is the spread spectrum radio communication receiver according to claim 3, wherein the BPSK demodulation means, digital correlation means and determination means are provided for M channels. In addition, the transmission from the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter can be simultaneously received on M channels.

A spread spectrum radio communication receiver according to the invention of claim 6 of the present application is the spread spectrum radio communication receiver according to claim 3, wherein two BPSK demodulation means, two digital correlation means and two determination means are provided. With the provision of the two digital correlation means,
As the code, a PN code for individual transmission and a PN code for simultaneous transmission are used, and the OR output of the two judging means or the one with a higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver. It was done.

A spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to the third aspect, wherein the BPSK demodulating means, the digital correlation means, and the determining means are provided three by three. With provision, the three digital correlation means are
As a code, a PN code for individual transmission, a PN for simultaneous transmission
By using a code and a PN code for group-by-group transmission, the OR output of the three judging means or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver.

A spread spectrum wireless communication device according to the invention of claim 8 of the present application is a master station having the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of claim 1 or 2 and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of claim 5. And a slave station having the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to claim 1 or 2 and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, and a transmission inquiry procedure for establishing a communication path of a transmission procedure of a master station. In the master station, the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of the master station uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and transmits to the spread spectrum wireless communication receivers of all slave stations within the radio wave coverage range by a single communication protocol. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving device of the above receives this broadcast and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting device of the slave station When transmitting a confirmation transmission for broadcast transmission to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the master station, randomly allocate time slots to multiple time slots provided for each channel of each spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter to prevent communication protocol collision. The transmission is executed while avoiding it, and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the master station receives the confirmation transmission from the slave stations assigned to the plurality of time slots.

In the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to the invention of claim 9 of the present application, a PN having a positive polarity with respect to either digital data "1" or "0".
A code is assigned to the other of the digital data "1" or "0" by a PN code of the opposite polarity, code-modulates, BPSK-modulates the code-modulated result, and transmits the BPSK-modulated result to the transmission frequency. When performing the wireless transmission by converting to M, the M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels are allocated to M different PN codes for individual transmission, so that multiple communication channels are formed at a single frequency. In the broadcast mode in which the same data is transmitted to all M channels, the M PNs are formed.
Codes are modulated by using a PN code for simultaneous transmission in which "1" and "0" are assigned by making a majority decision on each bit in advance in the transmission order of the codes.

Further, in the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to the invention of claim 10 of the present application, a PN having a positive polarity with respect to either digital data "1" or "0".
A code is assigned to the other of the digital data "1" or "0" by a PN code of the opposite polarity, code-modulates, BPSK-modulates the code-modulated result, and outputs the BPSK-modulated result to the transmission frequency. When converting and performing wireless transmission, multiple different communication paths are formed at a single frequency by allocating M different PN codes for individual transmission to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. However, in the group-based transmission mode in which the same data is transmitted to a group-based channel composed of a plurality of channels into which each channel is grouped, m (m is an integer M>m> 1) PNs belonging to this group. The code modulation is performed by using a PN code for group-by-group transmission in which “1” and “0” are assigned in advance in which the majority of the bits are determined in the transmission order of the codes.

The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to the invention of claim 11 of the present application is the method of claim 9 or 10.
The transmission wave obtained by the described spread spectrum wireless transmission method is received, the reception result is BPSK demodulated, and this B
Digital signal obtained by PSK demodulation and specific PN
When decoding is performed by calculating a correlation value with a code and determining whether the specific PN code has a positive polarity or a reverse polarity based on this correlation value, M ( M is an integer of 2 or more)
The correlation value is calculated by using different PN codes for individual transmission, and simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission is received.

A spread spectrum wireless communication method according to the invention of claim 12 of the present application uses the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of claim 11 and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method of claim 9 or 10. The spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method is a method for performing individual transmission and simultaneous transmission or group transmission as compared with the spread spectrum wireless communication reception method.

A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to the eleventh aspect.
The K demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed on M channels, and the transmission by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method can be simultaneously received on the M channels.

A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention.
K demodulation, correlation value calculation and determination are performed for two channels, and two correlation value calculations are performed using the PN code for individual transmission and the PN code for simultaneous transmission as the specific PN code. The OR output of the two determination results or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the present spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method.

A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to the eleventh aspect.
K demodulation, correlation value calculation and determination are performed for three channels, and the three correlation value calculations are performed as the above-mentioned specific PN code: a PN code for individual transmission, a PN code for simultaneous transmission, and a group-specific transmission. This is performed using a PN code, and the OR output of the three determination results or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the present spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method.

Further, in the spread spectrum wireless communication method according to the invention of claim 16 of the present application, the master station claims claim 9 or 1.
The spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 0 is used for transmission, and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 13 is used for reception, and the slave station is transmitted with the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 9 or 10. At the same time, the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11 performs reception, and in the transmission inquiry procedure for establishing the communication path of the transmission procedure of the master station, the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method of the master station uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission. Uses a single communication protocol to transmit to all slave stations in the radio range, and the slave station spread spectrum wireless communication reception method receives this broadcast, and the slave station spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method When sending a confirmation transmission to the master station to the above-mentioned simultaneous transmission, multiple time stamps are provided for each channel of each slave station. Randomly assigns time slots to lots and executes transmission while avoiding collision of communication protocols.The spread spectrum wireless communication reception method of the master station receives confirmation transmissions from slave stations allocated to these multiple time slots. It is something that is done.

[0056]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiment 1. This Embodiment 1
Shows a transmitter of a spread spectrum communication device that performs simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission using a simultaneous transmission code or group-specific transmission code.

First, prior to the description of the first embodiment of the present invention, its principle will be described. In general, the error rate characteristic of a modulator / demodulator is represented by the relationship between the S / N and the bit error rate as shown in FIG. 5, and as can be seen from this figure, if the bit error rate is reduced, the S / N is reduced. Although it needs to be improved, it is possible to receive even on a poor communication line by performing majority decision on PN code modulation and its decoding. That is, the S / N is improved by performing the PN code modulation. This means that code multiplexing can be performed at the expense of some S / N characteristics. In addition, in FIG. 5, when a bit error occurs in a noise environment, the correlation value decreases by -2 for each error bit generated in the transmission signal, but if a majority decision is made, it is close to half the code length. It also shows that the error can be received without any trouble until the occurrence of error bits up to. Based on this viewpoint, in order to enable transmission in the simultaneous transmission mode, which was not possible with the conventional spread spectrum communication, in the first embodiment, the PN code selection circuit 19 and the PN code selection circuit 19 in the wireless transmitter of FIG. 2 are used. The code generation circuit 17 uses the transmission code for the simultaneous transmission mode. Similarly, in order to enable transmission in the group-specific transmission mode, the present invention uses the transmission code for the group-specific transmission mode in the PN code selection circuit 19 and the PN code generation circuit 17 of the wireless transmitter of FIG. . That is, the wireless transmitter and the wireless transmission method of the first embodiment correspond to the inventions of claims 1, 2, 9 and 10 in the claims, and the configuration thereof is the system of the wireless transmitter of FIG. It is exactly the same as shown in the figure. However, the PN code used in the PN code selection circuit 19 and the PN code generation circuit 17 in FIG. 2 is not the PN code for individual transmission shown in Tables 1 to 10, but the one for broadcast transmission as described above. P
The N code or the PN code for group-based transmission is used.

By using these codes, the radio transmitter of FIG. 2 can perform not only the individual transmission mode but also the simultaneous transmission mode and the group-specific transmission mode. The first embodiment will be described in more detail. The "spread spectrum communication system and apparatus" disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2740612 described above is improved and a majority decision function is added.

That is, in the system diagram of the radio transmitter of FIG. 2 corresponding to claim 1, the PN code selection circuit 19 and the PN code generation circuit 17 are the individual transmissions of Tables 1 to 10 in the conventional radio. In contrast to the case where a code is designated and transmitted using this, in the present invention, the majority decision built-in code for simultaneous transmission shown in Table 21 is used to incorporate the majority decision function into the PN code. Is.

[0060]

[Table 21]

The majority voting built-in code for this broadcast is
It is a code sequence created by discriminating a majority vote in advance in the order of transmission for PN codes for individual transmission of all channels.

That is, this table 21 is prepared by making a majority decision in advance for the i-th (i = 1 to 511) bits to be transmitted of the PN codes in Tables 1 to 10. If “1” is more than “0” in the i-th bit to be transmitted, the i-th (i
= 1 to 511), "1" is used as the bit to be transmitted, and conversely, if "0" is larger than "1", the bit to be transmitted to the i-th (i = 1 to 511) in Table 21 is "1". It is created by sequentially determining the value of each bit so that "0" is used.

Similarly, in the system diagram of the wireless transmitter of FIG. 2 corresponding to claim 2, the PN code selection circuit 19 and the PN code selection circuit 19
The code generator circuit 17 is shown in Table 1 to Table 1 in the conventional wireless device.
In contrast to the case where the individual transmission code of 0 was designated and transmission was performed using this, in the present invention, transmission is performed using the majority voting built-in code for group-wise transmission shown in Table 22. .

[0064]

[Table 22]

The majority built-in code for transmission by group is
All mobile stations are divided into groups, and a plurality of PN codes for individual transmission (three individual transmission codes in this table 22) assigned to channels of mobile stations belonging to a specific group are preliminarily voted in the order of transmission. It is a code sequence created by discrimination.

That is, this table 22 is P of Tables 1 to 3.
It is created by performing a majority decision in advance on the i-th (i = 1 to 511) bits of the N code, and “1” is “0” among the i-th bits to be transmitted. If it is more than ", the i-th (i
= 1 to 511), "1" is used as the bit to be transmitted, and conversely, if "0" is larger than "1", the bit to be transmitted to the i-th (i = 1 to 511) in Table 21 is "1". It is created by sequentially determining the value of each bit so that "0" is used.

By using these codes, not only individual transmission but also simultaneous transmission and group-based transmission can be sufficiently performed.

Next, the operation will be described. The operation is almost the same as that of the transmitter of the conventional spread spectrum communication apparatus shown in FIG. 2, but the PN code selection circuit 19 uses P for simultaneous transmission and group transmission in addition to the PN code for individual transmission.
The N code can be selected, and the PN code generation circuit 17 can generate PN codes for simultaneous transmission and group-based transmission in addition to the PN code for individual transmission. It is a different point.

That is, in the case of individual transmission, the PN code selecting circuit 19 specifies a specific PN code corresponding to the channel to be used from the PN code group, and the PN code generating circuit 17 selects the type according to the specification. PN code is generated, and in the case of simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission, the PN code selecting circuit 19 selects a PN for simultaneous transmission from the PN code group.
A code or a PN code for transmission by group is designated, and the PN code generating circuit 17 generates a PN code of a type corresponding to the designation. On the other hand, the transmission data SD is buffer-stored in the data register 16 and is output from the data register 16 for each data bit in accordance with the timing signal ST from the timing generation circuit 18, while the PN from the PN code generation circuit 17 is supplied. The timing is created so that one cycle of the code is output. The output of the data register 16 and the output of the PN code generation circuit 17 are both XNO.
It is input to the R gate 15 and code-modulated. That is,
The XNOR gate 15 assigns a positive polarity PN code to the data "1" from the data register 16 and a reverse polarity PN code to the data "0". Then, the PN code whose polarity is converted according to the type of this data is output from the XNOR15 gate, and this is BPSK.
The transmission RF converter 13 is modulated by the modulation circuit 14.
And wirelessly transmitted from the transmission antenna 11 via the transmission circuit 12.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, in the transmitter configured similarly to the transmitter of the conventional spread spectrum communication apparatus, the PN code used for the simple transmission is the one for the simultaneous transmission. Also, it is possible to perform simultaneous transmission using the same frequency or group transmission, which was previously impossible in spread spectrum communication, by preparing in advance and those for group reception and selecting and using these. There is an effect that can be obtained.

Embodiment 2. The second embodiment is a receiver of a spread spectrum communication device, which receives a transmission signal transmitted by the transmitter of the spread spectrum communication device according to the first embodiment based on the simultaneous transmission code or the group-specific transmission code. Is shown.

Prior to the description of the second embodiment, its principle will be described. In the case of individual transmission, the correlation values as shown in Tables 11 to 20 are obtained from the radio transmission wave of the radio transmitter according to the first embodiment. Table 23 shows examples of correlation values when the transmission code in the simultaneous transmission mode is selected in the wireless transmitter of the first embodiment with respect to the designated codes of these individual PN code selection circuits. Similarly, Table 24 shows an example of correlation values when the transmission code of the group-specific transmission mode is selected in the wireless transmitter of the first embodiment. As can be seen from the distribution of these correlation values, in the wireless receiver of FIG. 3, by setting the threshold value of the synchronization determination setting unit 28 to a value belonging to a certain range of, for example, 70 to 90, simultaneous mode, group It is possible to enable transmission and reception of another mode and individual mode.

[0073]

[Table 23]

[0074]

[Table 24]

The correlation values in Table 23 are the majority built-in codes for simultaneous transmission shown in Table 21 and Tables 1 to 10.
3 shows the correlation value with the individual transmission code shown in FIG.

As is clear from Table 23, almost any correlation value is obtained with respect to each individual transmission code shown in Tables 1 to 10. In this case, if the transmitting side transmits using the majority decision built-in code for simultaneous transmission shown in Table 21, the receiving side receives using the individual transmission code shown in Tables 1 to 10. At this time, if the threshold value is appropriately set on the receiving side so as not to reject any of the correlation values in Table 23, it is possible to use the majority decision built-in code for simultaneous transmission at the same frequency for individual transmission. This means that reception can be performed by a receiver of any channel that receives a code. For this reason,
As described above, by setting the transmitting side and the receiving side in advance, it is possible to realize simultaneous transmission to the wireless receivers installed in all vehicles.

Further, the correlation values in Table 24 are the same as the majority decision built-in codes for group-by-group transmission shown in Table 22 and Tables 1 to 1.
It shows a correlation value with the code for individual transmission shown by 0.

As is clear from Table 24, the correlation values are substantially the same as those of any of the individual transmission codes shown in Tables 1 to 3, but the correlation values are shown in Tables 4 to 4. No significant correlation value is obtained for any of the individual transmission codes shown in FIG. This means that if the transmitting side performs transmission using the majority decision built-in code for group-wise transmission shown in Table 22, the receiving side uses the individual transmission codes shown in Tables 1 to 10 for reception. Table 24
If a threshold value is set appropriately so that a correlation value with a large value and a correlation value with a small value other than that can be distinguished, a channel that receives signals using the same frequency and code and a code for individual transmission can be used. This means that the receiver can receive only the receivers of the channels set in advance as a group as shown in Tables 1 to 3. Therefore, as described above, by setting the transmitting side and the receiving side, group-based transmission can be realized for a specific moving body.

As can be seen from the above explanation of the principle, the radio receiver and radio reception method of the second embodiment correspond to the inventions of claims 3 and 11 in the scope of claims, and the configuration thereof is shown in FIG. It is exactly the same as that shown in the system diagram of the wireless receiver of. Moreover, the PN in FIG.
The PN code used in the code selection circuit 26 and the PN code generation circuit 27 is exactly the same as that shown in Tables 1 to 10, so that not only the individual transmission is received but also the simultaneous transmission and grouping are performed. Transmission and reception are also possible.

Next, the operation will be described. In the PN code modulation type radio receiver of FIG. 3, the radio transmission wave from the PN code modulation type radio transmitter of FIG. 2 has a specific frequency received by the reception antenna 21 and the reception circuit 22, and then the reception RF converter. The signal is frequency-converted by 23, and the frequency-converted signal is demodulated into a digital serial signal in the BPSK demodulation circuit 24. In the digital correlation circuit 25, a PN code is generated according to the designation of the digital serial signal and the PN code selection circuit 26. The correlation value calculation with the PN code generated by the circuit 27 is executed, and the result of the correlation value calculation is the determination circuit 129,
It is passed to each of the determination circuit 2 30 and the determination circuit 3 31. The determination circuit 129 determines whether the correlation value is positive or negative by determining the majority decision of “1” and “0” with respect to the correlation value calculation result, and based on the reception synchronization timing RT from the self-synchronization creation circuit 34. Latch flip-flop 3
After being once latched by 6, it is output to the outside as reception data RD.

Judgment circuit 2 30 and judgment circuit 3 31
Is for detecting the synchronization signal of the received PN code, and the threshold value for synchronous reception is input from the synchronization determination setter 28, and the determination circuit 230 determines that the threshold value is equal to or greater than the threshold value with respect to the positive correlation value. If there is an output, and if there is an output that is less than or equal to the threshold value for the negative correlation value, the decision circuit 3 31 outputs that fact to the OR circuit 32, and the continuity is detected in the synchronization detection circuit 33. After checking, a synchronization determination is made, and the reception synchronization timing RT is produced and output from the self-synchronization producing circuit 34. Further, the signal quality judgment circuit 35 judges whether or not the line quality above a certain level is maintained, and outputs the reception judgment signal CD when in use. By the way, the PN code selection circuit 2
The PN code generated by the PN code generation circuit 27 according to the designation of 6 is for individual transmission as described above,
Therefore, the correlation value when transmitting using the same PN code for individual transmission on the transmitter side is clear as compared with the case where transmission is performed using another PN code for individual transmission. Since there is a difference in value, by setting an appropriate threshold value in the synchronization determination setting unit 28, it is possible to make it sensitive only to the transmission from the transmitter of the corresponding channel. Further, when the transmitter side uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission or the PN code for group-wise transmission, as is clear from the correlation values in Tables 23 and 24, individual transmission is performed on the receiver side. Even though the reception is performed using the trusted PN code, the correlation value becomes considerably large (in the case of group-based reception, the receiver belongs to the corresponding group). By setting an appropriate threshold for
All receivers that receive using the PN code for individual transmission can be made sensitive, and in the case of group-based transmission, all receivers that receive using the PN code for individual transmission Only those receivers belonging to the preselected group can be made sensitive.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, in the receiver configured similarly to the receiver of the conventional spread spectrum communication device, only the PN code used for reception is only for individual transmission. By preparing these in advance and only using them, it is possible to receive broadcasts using the same frequency or group-wise transmissions, which was not possible with spread spectrum communication. It is effective.

Third Embodiment This Embodiment 3 corresponds to the inventions of Claims 4 and 12 in the scope of claims of the present invention, and particularly in the road-vehicle communication system having the system configuration as shown in FIG. It is related to the one using spread radio, and improves communication efficiency by combining various communication modes such as multiplexing, simultaneous transmission, group transmission, individual transmission, etc. by code modulation. The wireless communication method and the wireless device are improved.

That is, in the system diagram of the road-vehicle communication system of FIG. 1 according to the third embodiment, the third embodiment is a radio transmitter of the spectrum multiplex radio 22 shown on the road unit 2 as the radio transmitter of the first embodiment. By applying the wireless transmitter shown in 1) and applying the wireless receiver shown in the second embodiment (claim 2) as the receiver of the spectrum wireless device 32 of the vehicle-mounted device 3, A transmission / reception system of a spread spectrum communication device and a spread spectrum communication method capable of performing simultaneous transmission / reception for each group.

That is, in FIG. 1, when a plurality of communication channels are configured to communicate by using one frequency between a plurality of vehicles 3 running on a road and a roadside machine 2 of the road,
In particular, from the roadside machine 2, multiple PN codes having a constant code length are used to multiplex channels and the characteristics of the PN code are used to transmit a PN code sequence at the same radio frequency for simultaneous transmission,
By making appropriate changes from group-specific transmission and individual transmission, it is possible to perform simultaneous transmission, group-specific transmission, and individual transmission, and the in-vehicle spectrum radio 32 is pre-allocated. Only the communication channel designated as the specified individual communication channel can be used to receive any of the above-mentioned simultaneous transmission, group-based transmission, and transmission signals for the purpose of individual transmission.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to realize simultaneous communication and group-based communication using the same frequency, which was impossible in the conventional spread spectrum communication, and realize efficient communication. There is an effect that can be done.

Therefore, by applying this device to a road-vehicle communication system, a single frequency is used between a plurality of vehicles running on the road and a roadside device of the road to form a plurality of communication channels. Broadcast from device, group-based transmission,
Individual transmission is possible, and the in-vehicle device can receive these purpose-specific channels only by the communication channel designated as the assigned individual communication channel.
By combining the methods of using these channels, there is an effect that road-to-vehicle communication with a large number of vehicles running at high speed in a certain limited range such as an expressway can be realized with high reliability.

Further, the wide band enables high-speed transmission, and the long diffusion bit length enables high-reliability transmission. The digital correlation arithmetic circuit is easy to be integrated into an LSI, and the circuit is simple and compact. There is also an effect that it can be realized, and there is also an effect that it is possible to realize a high-speed and highly-reliable communication channel configuration with a large number of vehicle-mounted devices in road-to-vehicle communication in a narrow range and secure communication capacity.

Fourth Embodiment The fourth embodiment corresponds to the inventions of claims 5, 8 and 13 and 16 of the present application, and is shown in FIG. 7 as a radio receiver of a spectrum multiplex radio 22 shown in a road machine 2 according to claim 4. As shown in the PN code modulation type wireless receiver of ASIC, among the receivers corresponding to only specific individual channels shown in FIG.
A circuit 20 having 24, 25, 27 to 35 which can be housed in an IC is provided so as to correspond to all communication channels, and these are set to 201 to 20n, and each PN code selection circuit 2 for this circuit 201 to 20n.
From a plurality of spectrum radio devices (hereinafter, referred to as vehicle-mounted devices) 32 mounted on the vehicle 3 traveling on the road, by calculating the correlation value by designating each individual channel transmission code from 61 to 26n. 2 shows a wireless receiver capable of performing simultaneous reception of all channels in parallel in parallel.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 1, the transmission from the transmitter of the vehicle-mounted device 32 is received by the wireless receiver of the spectrum multiplex radio 22 of the roadside device 2. A PN code modulation type wireless receiver shown in FIG.
By setting the type of PN code so that the circuits 201 to 20n that can be accommodated in the SIC IC can receive the transmissions from different channels, the transmissions from the vehicle-mounted device can be received in parallel. Even if the in-vehicle devices transmit all at once, they can be received at the same time.

As a result, by using the on-road equipment and the on-vehicle equipment shown in the first, second, and third embodiments, FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d) are used.
It is possible to realize simultaneous, group-by-group, and individual transmission flows from on-road units to in-vehicle units as shown in Fig. 4, and in response to transmission inquiries from the on-road units, the in-vehicle units randomly set a certain time slot for each individual channel. Select and send back to the roadside device, and simultaneously receive on the roadside device for each communication channel. When the number of time slots is t and the number of individual channels is m, it is possible to identify the on-board device up to t × m and detect the presence of the vehicle. It becomes possible to provide a multiple radio method. FIG. 10 shows the internal structure and time slot of an in-vehicle device that enables communication between such a road device and an in-vehicle device.
In (a), reference numeral 32a denotes a spectrum multiplex radio receiver (hereinafter, referred to as SS radio receiver) having the same configuration as the receiver of the spread spectrum communication device described in the fourth embodiment, and 32b denotes The SS wireless receiver 32a determines a broadcast transmission from the on-road device to determine whether or not it has received a broadcast, and 32c indicates a random number that generates a random number when the broadcast determination means 32b determines that a broadcast has been received. The generating means 32d is a time slot generating means 32 for generating a time slot in which confirmation transmission for the simultaneous transmission should be performed based on the random number generated by the random number generating means 32c.
Reference numeral e is a spectrum multiplex radio transmitter (hereinafter, referred to as SS radio transmitter) configured similarly to the transmitter of the spread spectrum communication device described in the first embodiment.

In the vehicle-mounted device configured as shown in FIG. 10A, when the roadside device performs simultaneous transmission at the timing of PO in FIG. 10B, the SS wireless receiver 32a receives this and
The broadcast determination means 32b determines that there was a broadcast. When the simultaneous transmission determining means 32b determines that the simultaneous transmission is performed, it activates the random number generating means 32c and causes it to generate a random number. The time slot creating means 32 defines the time slot for sending back the confirmation transmission for the simultaneous transmission based on this random number, for example, ts1, ts2, t in FIG. 10 (b).
Occurring at random timings such as s3, ts5, etc., the SS wireless receiver 32e returns confirmation transmission to the on-road equipment in the time slots of these random timings.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6, a procedure executed when communication between road vehicles is performed using the simultaneous transmission mode and the group-based transmission mode will be described.

Here, it is assumed that the road-vehicle communication system is half-duplex, and a communication channel that enables simultaneous transmission / reception between channels from a car to a roadside device.

Examples of flowcharts showing the flow of these communications are shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d). First, FIG.
In (a), a short telegram was sent from the roadside device to the onboard device in the simultaneous transmission mode using the transmission inquiry, and it was transmitted to all the vehicles within the radio wave coverage range, and this telegram could be received. As a confirmation of this, a confirmation transmission is performed from the vehicle-mounted device to the road device by combining a fixed-length time slot and an individual channel. As a result, it is possible to receive confirmation transmission signals from many vehicles within a certain period of time, identify the in-vehicle device that has the data to be transmitted to the roadside device, and issue a transmission request to each individual in-vehicle device. By transmitting the data from the vehicle-mounted device, it becomes possible to secure an efficient communication channel. Figure 6 (b)
Shows the case where data transmission such as an inquiry response from the roadside device to the in-vehicle device is performed after confirmation of the presence of the vehicle by the transmission inquiry.

That is, one short message was transmitted from the roadside device to the onboard device in the simultaneous transmission mode by using the transmission inquiry, and it was transmitted to all the vehicles in the radio wave reachable range, and this message was received. As a confirmation of this, a confirmation transmission is performed from the vehicle-mounted device to the road device by combining a fixed-length time slot and an individual channel. As a result, confirmation transmission signals from many vehicles can be received within a certain period of time, the on-board unit that has the data to be transmitted from the roadside device can be identified, and the data can be transmitted to the individual on-board units. By transmitting the reception confirmation from the vehicle-mounted device, it becomes possible to secure an efficient communication channel.

FIG. 6 (c) shows a procedure of simultaneously transmitting to the vehicle-mounted device which is divided into a plurality of channels in a broadcast manner. That is, from the on-board device to the on-board device, a transmission inquiry is used to transmit to all vehicles in the radio range in the simultaneous transmission mode. In contrast, confirmation transmission is performed by combining a fixed-length time slot and an individual channel. As a result, it is possible to perform simultaneous transmission to all vehicle-mounted devices, and it is possible to receive confirmation transmission signals from a large number of vehicles within a fixed time.

FIG. 6 (d) shows a procedure for simultaneous transmission to the vehicle-mounted device divided into a plurality of channels for each group. That is, from the roadside device to the in-vehicle device, a transmission inquiry is used to transmit to all the vehicles belonging to the required group within the radio wave reachable range in the group-specific transmission mode, and as a confirmation that this transmission has been received. Confirmation transmission is performed from the vehicle-mounted device to the road device by combining a fixed-length time slot and individual channel. As a result, it is possible to perform simultaneous transmission to all vehicle-mounted devices belonging to the required group, and it is possible to receive confirmation transmission signals from a large number of vehicles within a fixed time.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, since a plurality of receivers capable of individual reception are provided, when simultaneous responses are received, they can be received in parallel and the simultaneous transmission can be received. The effect is that confirmation transmissions can be received at the same time.

Embodiment 5. FIG. The fifth embodiment corresponds to claims 6 and 14 of the present application, and is adapted to be able to be received even at the time of simultaneous transmission without degrading the communication quality.

The radio receiver according to the fifth embodiment is obtained by adding one set of reception circuits 20 below the BPSK demodulation circuit 24 of the PN code modulation type radio receiver according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, this is set to 20a, and OR circuits 40, 41, 42 for taking the logical sum of the output of this receiving circuit 20 and the output of the receiving circuit 20a are provided, and the PN code selecting circuit 26a corresponding to this receiving circuit 20a is provided. In this case, the PN code used in the simultaneous transmission mode is used, in which all the individual PN codes for individual transmission shown in claim 1 (embodiment 1) are majority-determined in the transmission order.

Next, the operation will be described. Embodiment 2
As already described above, the broadcast signal can be received by the receiving circuit 20 for individual transmission, but in the fifth embodiment, the receiving circuit 20a for broadcast transmission is provided. Receive a broadcast using a trusted PN code. As a result, the broadcast circuit can often receive the broadcast at a better communication quality than that received by the receiver circuit 20 for individual reception during the broadcast.
The R circuits 40, 41, 42 are used for receiving these two receiving circuits 20,
By forming a logical sum with respect to the output of 20a or selecting and outputting the one with a higher correlation value, it is possible to receive this without degrading the communication quality even during simultaneous transmission.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, a receiving circuit for simultaneous transmission, which can exclusively receive the simultaneous transmission, is added, and the output of the receiving circuit for individual reception and the reception for simultaneous reception are added. By using the output of the circuit together, it is possible to receive the broadcast transmission without degrading the communication quality even when performing the broadcast transmission, and it is possible to provide the spread spectrum communication device and the spectrum communication method capable of receiving the broadcast transmission satisfactorily. is there.

Sixth Embodiment The sixth embodiment corresponds to claims 7 and 15 and is adapted to be able to be received without degrading the communication quality even at the time of simultaneous transmission or group-wise transmission.

As shown in FIG. 9, the radio receiver according to the sixth embodiment is provided with a receiving circuit 20b similar to the receiving circuit 20a of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG.
Of the receiving circuit 20 and the output of the receiving circuit 20a.
OR circuits 40, 41, 42 that take the logical sum of the output of b are provided, and in the PN code selection circuit 26b corresponding to this reception circuit 20b, group-by-group transmission shown in claim 2 (embodiment 1) is performed. The code used in the group-based transmission mode, in which the majority of the trusted PN codes are discriminated in the transmission order, is used.

Next, the operation will be described. Since the same operation as described in the fifth embodiment is performed for the simultaneous transmission, only the case of receiving the group-based transmission will be described.

As described in the second embodiment, the group-specific transmission signal can be received by the individual-transmission receiving circuit 20, but in the sixth embodiment, the group-specific transmission receiving circuit 20b.
By this, the group-by-group transmission is received using the PN code for group-by-group transmission. As a result, during group-based transmission, the group-based transmission receiving circuit 20b can often receive group-based broadcasting with better communication quality than that received by the individual receiving receiving circuit 20. Therefore, the OR circuits 40, 41, and At 42, the logical sum of the outputs of these three receiving circuits 20, 20a, and 20b is created, or the one with the higher correlation value is selected and output, so that the communication quality is not deteriorated even when transmitting by group. Can be received.

As described above, according to the sixth embodiment, a receiving circuit for simultaneous transmission and group transmission which can exclusively receive the simultaneous transmission and group transmission is added, and reception for individual reception is performed. By using the output of the circuit and the output of the receiving circuit for simultaneous reception and group-based transmission together, it is possible to receive this without deterioration of communication quality during simultaneous transmission and group-based transmission. There is an effect that it is possible to provide a spread spectrum communication device and a spectrum communication method that can favorably receive transmission and group-wise transmission.

[0109]

As described above, according to the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of the invention of claim 1 of the present application, the positive polarity PN code is applied to either one of the digital data "1" or "0". , Code modulation means for allocating a PN code of the opposite polarity to the other of the digital data “1” or “0” and performing code modulation, and BPSK modulation means for performing BPSK modulation on the output of the code modulation means, RF conversion means for converting the output of the BPSK modulation means into a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting the same, and allocating M different PN codes for individual transmission to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. Thus, in a simultaneous transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed at a single frequency and the same data is transmitted to all M channels, these M P Since a PN code for simultaneous transmission is assigned by assigning "1" and "0" to each other by preliminarily making a majority decision on each bit in the transmission order of the codes, code modulation is performed. In the above, there is an effect that the simultaneous transmission, which has been impossible in the past, can be realized only by changing the PN code for individual transmission to the one for simultaneous transmission with respect to the same device as that for individual transmission.

According to the spread spectrum radio communication transmitter of the second aspect of the present invention, the positive polarity P for either digital data "1" or "0" is obtained.
Code modulation means for allocating an N code to the other of the digital data "1" or "0" by a PN code of the opposite polarity, respectively, and code modulation means, and BPSK modulation for performing BPSK modulation on the output of this code modulation means. Means and this BP
RF conversion means for converting the output of the SK modulation means into a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting it, and M different P for individual transmission for M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels.
In the group-by-group transmission mode in which the same data is transmitted to the group-by-group channels each of which has a plurality of channels formed by grouping each channel by allocating the N code, "1" in which each bit is majority-determined in advance in the order of transmission of m PN codes belonging to the group (m is an integer M>m> 1),
Using the PN code for group-specific transmission with "0" assigned,
Since the code modulation is performed, in the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter, the group-by-group transmission, which has been impossible in the past, can be performed by grouping the PN code for individual transmission to the same device as the one by which individual transmission is performed. There is an effect that can be realized only by changing to the one for transmission.

According to the spread spectrum radio communication receiver of the invention of claim 3 of the present application, a receiving means for receiving the transmission wave from the spread spectrum radio communication transmitter of claim 1 or 2, and the receiving means. BPS the output of the means
BPSK demodulation means for K demodulation, digital correlation means for calculating a correlation value between the digital signal output from the BPSK demodulation means and a specific PN code, and whether the specific PN code has a positive polarity based on the correlation value. , A determination means for performing decoding by determining whether the polarity is opposite, and the digital correlation means has M number of M (M is an integer of 2 or more) assigned to the M number of channels as the specific PN code. Since PN codes for different individual transmissions are used to perform simultaneous transmissions or group-specific transmissions, it is possible to receive simultaneous transmissions or group-specific transmissions and individual transmissions to receive spread spectrum wireless communication. There is an effect that it can be realized with the apparatus as it is without changing the PN code used.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication device of the invention of claim 4 of the present application, the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving device of claim 3 and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting device of claim 1 or 2. Since individual transmission, broadcast transmission or group transmission is performed between the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission device and the spread spectrum wireless communication reception device, the PN code for individual transmission on the transmission side is broadcasted simultaneously. In the spread spectrum wireless communication device, just change to the one for trust or group transmission
This has the effect of enabling simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission and reception, which has been impossible in the past.

According to the spread spectrum radio communication receiver of the invention of claim 5 of the present application, in the spread spectrum radio communication receiver of claim 3, the BP
The SK demodulation means, digital correlation means, and determination means are M
Since there are channels, the transmission from the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter can be received simultaneously on M channels.
There is an effect that the reception of the simultaneous transmission can be realized by providing M channels for the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving device for receiving the individual transmission without changing the PN code to be used.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the invention of claim 6 of the present application, in the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of claim 3, the BP
Two SK demodulating means, two digital correlating means, and two determining means are provided, and the two digital correlating means use a PN code for individual transmission and a PN code for simultaneous transmission as the specific PN code, and make two determinations. Since the OR output of the means outputs or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving apparatus, there is an effect that the simultaneous transmission can be received without deteriorating the communication quality.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the invention of claim 7 of the present application, in the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of claim 3, the BP
Three SK demodulating means, three digital correlating means, and three determining means are provided, and the three digital correlating means use the PN code for individual transmission, the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and the group-specific transmission as the specific PN code. Since the PN code is used to output the OR output of the outputs of the three judging means or the one having the higher correlation value as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving apparatus, the reception of the simultaneous transmission or the group-wise transmission is the communication quality. There is an effect that can be realized without deteriorating.

A spread spectrum wireless communication apparatus according to the invention of claim 8 of the present application is a master station having the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting apparatus of claim 1 or 2 and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving apparatus of claim 5. And a slave station having the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to claim 1 or 2 and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, and a transmission inquiry procedure for establishing a communication path of a transmission procedure of a master station. In the master station, the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of the master station uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and transmits to the spread spectrum wireless communication receivers of all slave stations within the radio wave coverage range by a single communication protocol. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving device of the above receives this broadcast and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting device of the slave station When transmitting a confirmation transmission for broadcast transmission to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the master station, randomly allocate time slots to multiple time slots provided for each channel of each spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter to prevent communication protocol collision. The transmission is executed while avoiding it, and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver of the master station receives the confirmation transmission from the slave station assigned to these multiple time slots, so that the master station broadcasts to the slave stations. In addition to being possible, there is an effect that it is possible to simultaneously receive confirmation transmissions from a plurality of slave stations for simultaneous transmission.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method of the invention of claim 9 of the present application, P having a positive polarity with respect to either digital data "1" or "0".
The N code is assigned to the other of the digital data "1" or "0" by the PN code having the opposite polarity, and the code modulation is performed. The BPSK modulation is performed on the code modulation result and the BPSK modulation result is transmitted. When converting to a frequency and performing wireless transmission, M different PN codes for individual transmission are assigned to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels, so that multiple communication channels can be used at a single frequency. In the broadcast mode in which the same data is transmitted to all of the M channels.
A PN for simultaneous transmission in which “1” and “0” are assigned by preliminarily determining each bit in the transmission order of N codes.
Since the code is used to perform the code modulation, in the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method, the simultaneous transmission, which has been impossible in the past, can be performed separately from the method similar to the method of performing the individual transmission. There is an effect that can be realized only by changing the PN code to that for simultaneous transmission.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method of the tenth aspect of the present invention, the positive PN code is applied to either the digital data "1" or "0" and the digital data "1". When the PN code of the opposite polarity is assigned to the other of "" and "0", the code modulation is performed, the BPSK modulation is performed on the code modulation result, and the BPSK modulation result is converted to the transmission frequency to perform wireless transmission. , By assigning M different PN codes for individual transmission to M channels (M is an integer of 2 or more), multiple channels are formed at a single frequency, and each channel is divided into groups. In the group-by-group transmission mode in which the same data is transmitted to the group-by-group channel composed of the plurality of channels, m (m
Is an integer such that M>m> 1). In order to transmit the PN codes in the transmission order, the PN codes for group-based transmission are assigned to which “1” and “0” are preliminarily determined by majority, and code modulation is performed. Therefore, in the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method, the group-by-group transmission, which was not possible in the past, is replaced by the PN code for group-by-group transmission as opposed to the method by which individual transmission is carried out. There is an effect that can be realized only by changing.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the invention of claim 11 of the present application, the transmission wave obtained by the spread spectrum wireless transmitting method of claim 9 or 10 is received and the reception result is obtained. BPSK demodulation,
Decoding is performed by calculating a correlation value between the digital signal obtained by the BPSK demodulation and a specific PN code, and determining whether the specific PN code has a positive polarity or a reverse polarity based on the correlation value. At this time, as the specific PN code, the correlation value is calculated by using M different PN codes for individual transmission which are allocated to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels, and the simultaneous transmission is performed. Alternatively, group transmissions are received, so simultaneous transmission or group transmissions can be received without changing the PN code to be used, with the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method that receives individual transmissions. There is an effect.

According to a spread spectrum wireless communication method according to the invention of claim 12 of the present application, the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11 and the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 9 or 10. Since the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method is configured to perform individual transmission and simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission with respect to the spread spectrum wireless communication reception method, the PN code for individual transmission on the transmission side is used for simultaneous transmission or Only by changing to group-specific transmission, there is an effect that the spread spectrum wireless communication method can realize simultaneous transmission or group-based transmission and its reception, which has been impossible in the past.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the eleventh aspect, the BPSK demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed by M pieces. PN code that is used for the same channel as the spread spectrum wireless communication reception method for receiving individual broadcasts, because the transmission by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method can be simultaneously received on M channels. There is an effect that can be realized by providing M channels without changing.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the eleventh aspect, the BPSK demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed on two channels. The two correlation values are calculated for the specific PN
As the code, a PN code for individual transmission and a PN code for simultaneous transmission are used, and the OR output of the two determination results or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method. Therefore, there is an effect that the simultaneous transmission and reception can be realized without deteriorating the communication quality.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of the invention of claim 15 of the present application, in the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method of claim 11, the BPSK demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed on three channels. The three correlation values are calculated for the specific PN
As a code, a PN code for individual transmission, a PN for simultaneous transmission
Since the OR output of the three judgment results or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of this spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method, the simultaneous transmission or the group transmission is performed. There is an effect that reception of another transmission can be realized without deteriorating the communication quality.

According to the spread spectrum wireless communication method of the invention of claim 16 of the present application, the master station transmits by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method of claim 9 or 10 and the spectrum of claim 13 The spread radio communication is received by the receiving method, and the slave station receives the data.
Alternatively, transmission is performed by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method according to claim 10 and reception is performed by the spread spectrum wireless communication reception method according to claim 11, and in the transmission inquiry procedure for establishing the communication path of the transmission procedure of the master station, The spread-spectrum wireless communication transmission method uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and it transmits to all the slave stations within the radio wave coverage by a single communication protocol. The slave station spread-spectrum wireless communication reception method uses this simultaneous transmission. When transmitting confirmation transmission to the master station to the master station, the slave station spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method randomly allocates time slots to multiple time slots provided for each slave station channel and Transmission is performed while avoiding protocol collisions, and the spread spectrum wireless communication reception method of the master station Since the confirmation transmission from the slave station assigned to the time slot of is received, the master station can perform broadcast transmission to the slave stations and simultaneously receive confirmation transmissions from multiple slave stations for broadcast transmission. There is an effect that can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a road-vehicle communication system to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a PN code modulation wireless transmitter to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a PN code modulation type wireless receiver to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a general form of a PN code generation circuit including a 9-stage shift register and an XOR feedback circuit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing bit error characteristics of a BPSK modem.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a communication flowchart.

FIG. 7 is a system diagram of a PN code modulation / multiplexing wireless receiver for roadside equipment.

FIG. 8: P for in-vehicle device with additional simultaneous mode reception circuit
System diagram of N code modulation type wireless receiver

[Fig. 9] P for in-vehicle device to which a receiving circuit for group mode is added
System diagram of N code modulation type wireless receiver

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of an in-vehicle device and a time slot.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Road processing device, 2 Road device, 17,27 PN code generation circuit, 19,26 PN code selection circuit, 22 SS
Multiplex radio, 23 Roadside controller, 3 vehicles, 32 SS
Radio, 33 In-vehicle device.

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04J 13/00-13/06 H04B 1/69-1/713 H04L 27/18

Claims (16)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pseudo-noise code (hereinafter, PN) having a positive polarity with respect to either digital data "1" or "0".
(Referred to as a code) is digital data “1” or “0”
To the other of the two, the code modulation means for allocating the PN code of the opposite polarity to the code modulation, and the BPSK modulation means for performing two-phase phase shift keying modulation (hereinafter referred to as BPSK modulation) on the output of the code modulation means And RF conversion means for converting the output of the BPSK modulation means into a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting it, and M different PN codes for individual transmission are provided for M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. By assigning
In the simultaneous transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed in a single frequency and the same data is transmitted to all M channels, the majority decision is made for each bit in advance in the transmission order of these M PN codes. A spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter, which performs code modulation using a PN code for simultaneous transmission with "1" and "0" assigned. 2. A positive PN code for either one of the digital data "1" or "0" and a PN of the opposite polarity to the other of the digital data "1" or "0".
Code modulation means for allocating codes and performing code modulation, and BP for performing BPSK modulation on the output of this code modulation means
SK modulation means and RF conversion means for converting the output of the BPSK modulation means to a transmission frequency and wirelessly transmitting the same are provided, and M different individual transmissions for M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels are provided. By assigning a PN code,
In a group-based transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed at a single frequency and the same data is transmitted to a group-based channel composed of a plurality of channels into which each channel is grouped, m (m Is M> m
It is characterized in that code modulation is performed by using a PN code for group-based transmission in which “1” and “0” are assigned in advance in the transmission order of PN codes of (> 1). Spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter. 3. Receiving means for receiving a transmission wave from the spread spectrum radio transmitting apparatus according to claim 1, BPSK demodulating means for BPSK demodulating an output of the receiving means, and BPSK demodulating means for outputting. Digital correlation means for calculating a correlation value between the digital signal and the specific PN code, and whether the specific PN code has a positive polarity based on the correlation value
A determination means for performing decoding by determining whether the polarity is opposite is provided, and the digital correlation means uses the M as the specific PN code.
Spread spectrum radio characterized by performing simultaneous transmission or group-wise transmission reception by using M different PN codes for individual transmission allocated to M (M is an integer of 2 or more) channels. Communication receiver. 4. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, and a spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: a spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter and a spread spectrum wireless communication receiver. A spread spectrum wireless communication device, which performs individual transmission, simultaneous transmission, or group-based transmission between the two. 5. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, wherein the BPSK demodulating means, the digital correlation means and the judging means are provided for M channels, and the transmission from the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting apparatus can be received simultaneously for M channels. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiver characterized in that 6. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, wherein two BPSK demodulation means, two digital correlation means, and two determination means are provided, and the two digital correlation means are the specific PN codes. A PN code for individual transmission and a PN code for simultaneous transmission are used, and the OR output of the two determination means or the one with a higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver. Spread spectrum wireless communication receiver. 7. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 3, comprising three BPSK demodulating means, three digital correlating means, and three determining means, wherein the three digital correlating means are the specific PN codes. Using the PN code for individual transmission, the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and the PN code for group-wise transmission, the OR output of the outputs of the three judging means or the one with the higher correlation value is the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiver characterized by outputting as. 8. A master station having the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to claim 1 or 2 and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiver according to claim 5, and a spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter according to claim 1 or 2. A slave station having the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting apparatus of the master station is a PN for simultaneous transmission in a transmission inquiry procedure for establishing a communication path of a transmission procedure of the master station. A code is used to transmit to the spread spectrum wireless communication receivers of all slave stations in the radio wave coverage by a single communication protocol, and the spread spectrum wireless communication receivers of slave stations receive this broadcast and The spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter of the station receives the confirmation transmission for the above-mentioned simultaneous transmission and receives the spread spectrum wireless communication of the master station. When transmitting to a mobile station, a random time slot is assigned to a plurality of time slots provided for each channel of the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitter, and transmission is performed while avoiding communication protocol collisions. The spread spectrum wireless communication device, wherein the communication receiving device receives confirmation transmissions from the slave stations assigned to the plurality of time slots. 9. A PN code having a positive polarity for either digital data "1" or "0", and a PN having the opposite polarity to the other digital data "1" or "0".
Codes are allotted and code-modulated, and BPSK modulation is performed on the code-modulation result, and when the BPSK modulation result is converted to a transmission frequency and wireless transmission is performed, M (M is an integer of 2 or more) By assigning M different PN codes for individual transmission to a channel,
In the simultaneous transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed in a single frequency and the same data is transmitted to all M channels, the majority decision is made for each bit in advance in the transmission order of these M PN codes. A spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method, wherein code modulation is performed using a PN code for simultaneous transmission with "1" and "0" assigned. 10. Digital data "1" or "0"
Positive polarity PN code for either one of the two and digital data "1" or "0" for the opposite polarity P for the other
N code is assigned to each of them, code modulation is performed, BPSK modulation is performed on this code modulation result, and when this BPSK modulation result is converted into a transmission frequency and wireless transmission is performed, M (M is an integer of 2 or more) By assigning M different PN codes for individual transmission to a channel,
In the group-by-group transmission mode in which multiple channels are formed at a single frequency and the same data is transmitted to a group-by-group channel formed by grouping each channel, m (m Is M> m
(Integer> 1) PN codes are preliminarily decided in the order of transmission between the PN codes, and PN codes for group-specific transmission, which are assigned “1” and “0”, are used for code modulation. Spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method. 11. A transmission wave obtained by the spread spectrum radio transmission method according to claim 9 or 10, and BPSK demodulating the reception result, and a digital signal and a specific PN code obtained by this BPSK demodulation. Is calculated, and whether the specific PN code has a positive polarity based on this correlation value,
When decoding is performed by determining whether the polarity is opposite, M (M is an integer of 2 or more) as the specific PN code.
A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method, characterized in that a correlation value is calculated by using M different PN codes for individual transmission allocated to the channels of (1) to (1) and broadcast transmission or group transmission is performed. 12. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11 and a spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method is different from the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method. , A spread spectrum wireless communication method characterized by performing individual transmission and simultaneous transmission or group transmission. 13. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11, wherein the BPSK demodulation, correlation value calculation and determination are performed on M channels, and transmission by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method is simultaneously received on M channels. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method characterized in that it is possible. 14. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11, wherein the BPSK demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed for two channels, and the two correlation value calculation are performed as the specific PN code. The PN code for individual transmission and the PN code for simultaneous transmission are used, and the OR output of the two determination results or the one with the higher correlation value is output as the reception output of the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method. Spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method. 15. The spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11, wherein the BPSK demodulation, the correlation value calculation and the determination are performed for three channels, and the three correlation value calculations are performed as the specific PN code. The PN code for individual transmission, the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and the PN code for group-based transmission are used, and the OR output of the three determination results or the one with the higher correlation value is the reception output of this spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method. A spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method characterized by outputting as. 16. The master station performs transmission by the spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 9 or 10, and performs reception by the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 13, and the slave station performs claim 9 or 10 by receiving. The spread spectrum wireless communication transmitting method according to claim 11 is used for transmission, and the spread spectrum wireless communication receiving method according to claim 11 is used for reception, and the spread spectrum of the master station is transmitted in a transmission inquiry procedure for establishing a communication path of the transmission procedure of the master station. The wireless communication transmission method uses the PN code for simultaneous transmission, and it transmits to all slave stations within the radio wave coverage by a single communication protocol. The spread spectrum wireless communication reception method of the slave station receives this simultaneous transmission. However, the spread spectrum wireless communication transmission method of the slave station is, when transmitting confirmation transmission to the master station to the master station,
Randomly assign time slots to multiple time slots provided for each channel of each slave station and perform transmission while avoiding collision of communication protocols.The spread spectrum wireless communication reception method of the master station uses these multiple time slots. A spread spectrum wireless communication method, comprising receiving a confirmation transmission from an assigned slave station.