JP3482604B2 - Prismatic lithium battery - Google Patents
Prismatic lithium batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP3482604B2 JP3482604B2 JP06755793A JP6755793A JP3482604B2 JP 3482604 B2 JP3482604 B2 JP 3482604B2 JP 06755793 A JP06755793 A JP 06755793A JP 6755793 A JP6755793 A JP 6755793A JP 3482604 B2 JP3482604 B2 JP 3482604B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- electrode
- lithium
- sealing
- electrode group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、角形リチウム電池に関
するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術とその課題】電子機器の小形軽量化に伴い
小形、軽量かつ高エネルギー密度の電池への要求が高ま
っている。これら要求を満たす電池としてリチウム電池
が有望である。
【０００３】リチウム電池の正極活物質には、二酸化マ
ンガン、スピネルマンガン、リチウムコバルト酸化物、
リチウムニッケル酸化物などの遷移金属酸化物をはじめ
として種々の硫化物や酸化物が用いられている。また負
極活物質は、金属リチウムを始めとし、Ｌｉ−Ａｌ合金
やＬｉーＰｂ合金などのリチウム合金、もしくはリチウ
ムイオンを吸蔵放出する炭素材料などが検討されてい
る。
【０００４】電解質としては、過塩素酸リチウム、三フ
ッ化トリメタンスルフォン酸リチウム、六フッ化燐酸リ
チウムなどをプロピレンカーボネートもしくはエチレン
カーボネート系の有機溶媒に溶解させたような有機電解
液や有機もしくは無機の固体電解質が多く用いられてい
る。
【０００５】電池ケースには、円筒形や角形などがあ
る。最も汎用されている円筒形は機器収納時のスペース
効率が低く、角形はスペース効率が高い。しかし、角形
電池は封口が難しいという問題があった。
【０００６】封口方法には、樹脂パッキングを介して電
池ケースで封口板をかしめるクリンプ式や電池ケースと
封口板とを溶接して封口する溶接式がある。クリンプ式
は、コイン形電池および円筒形電池に用いられ安価にか
つ大量生産できる利点がある。角形電池は、クリンプ式
では充分な気密性を確保できないのでＹＡＧレーザーに
よる溶接式が主に用いられている。この封口方式は、レ
−ザー装置が高価なことおよび封口速度が遅いこと等の
欠点がある。
【０００７】また、溶接式で電池を封口する場合には、
短冊状電極を積層した電極群を電池缶の上面より電極積
層方向と垂直な方向に挿入したのち上面を封口板を用い
て封口する方法が一般的である。これは、溶接距離が短
いほど生産性が向上するので電池缶でもっとも面積が小
さい上面に封口板を溶接するためである、しかし、上記
のように電池ケースの上面から電極群を挿入した場合に
は、次のような種々の問題があった。すなわち、挿入を
容易におこなうためには電池缶の内寸に対して電極群の
寸法を比較的小さくする必要がある。この結果、挿入後
に電極群が緩んでしまうという問題があった。極板群に
適度な圧迫力が加わってない場合には電極反応が不均一
に起こることが多く、電池性能が著しく低下したり電池
性能にばらつきが多くなったりする。また、この挿入方
法では、封口板に設けられた集電端子と電極群とを電気
的に接続する工程が煩雑になること、電極群を挿入する
際に封口面に電極物質が付着し易く封口信頼性が低下す
ることなどの問題もあった。
【０００８】
【発明を解決するための手段】本発明は、帯状の電極を
楕円形もしくは角部が円弧状になった矩形に巻回してな
る電極群もしくは短冊状の電極を積層してなる電極群を
電池缶に挿入し封口板で封口する角形もしくは角部が円
弧状の角形リチウム電池の製造方法において、該電極群
を電池缶に収納し、封口板で該電極群に電極積層方向と
同一の方向に圧迫力を印加し、該電池缶と該封口板とを
二重巻締め封口することにより、上記問題点を解決しよ
うとするものである。
【０００９】
【作用】本発明の角形リチウム電池は、封口方式を従来
の溶接式でなく缶詰めや飲料缶で用いられている二重巻
締め式としている。この方法を用いると気密性を損なう
ことなく封口速度を格段に速くできる。また、封口速度
が封口距離に依存しないので封口面を自由に選ぶことが
できる。そこで、本発明の角形リチウム電池では、電極
群を電極積層方向と同一の方向から電池缶に挿入し封口
するものとした。
【００１０】この場合、封口板は、積層された電極と平
行に配置される。したがって、電極群に印加する圧迫力
を容易に適切化できるものである。また、本電池は、電
極群を挿入するための電池缶の開口部が大きく取れる
（電極群と開口部との寸法差は電極の圧迫度に影響しな
いから）ので電極群と電池端子とを電気的に接続する際
の作業性が著しく改善される。さらに、開口部が大きい
ので活物質等が封口部に付着するなどの問題が少なくな
る。
【００１１】なお、本発明のリチウム電池では、短冊状
の正極板と負極板をセパレーターを介して交互に積層し
て電極群を形成しても良いし、正極板と負極板とをセパ
レーターを介して楕円形もしくは角部が円弧状になった
矩形に巻回して形成してもよい。
【００１２】
【実施例】以下に、好適な実施例を用いて本発明を説明
する。
【００１３】正極にはリチウムコバルト複合酸化物（Li
xCoO2 ）電極を、負極には黒鉛電極を使用した。この正
極と負極とセパレータとを楕円状に巻回してなる電極群
５を図１に示す電池缶３（ステンレス鋼板０．３ｍ
ｍt ）に電極の積層方向と同一方向より挿入して、封口
板４（ステンレス鋼板０．３ｍｍt ）と電池缶３とを二
重巻締め方式により封口した。電池のサイズは、厚み
（Ｄ）を１．５ｃｍ、幅（Ｗ）を１０ｃｍ、高さ（Ｈ）
を１０ｃｍとした。電解液には、エチレンカーボネート
とジメチルカーボネートとを１：１の体積比で混合した
溶媒に、六フッ化燐酸リチウムを１モル／リットル溶解
させたものを用いた。
【００１４】次に、従来の電池の例として図２に示すよ
うに、電池缶の上面より電極を挿入し、上面をＹＡＧレ
ーザーで封口する他は、本発明電池（Ａ）と同様とした
電池を（ア）と呼ぶ。
【００１５】これらの電池の平均封口速度を表１に示
す。また、これらの電池を４５℃、湿度９５％の雰囲気
中に１カ月間貯蔵した後充放電試験をおこなった。その
場合の放電容量の変化を表１にあわせて示す。これらの
結果から、明らかに本発明の角形リチウム電池の方が生
産性に優れ、しかも封口信頼性において従来の溶接式に
劣らないことが分かる。
【００１６】
【表１】なお、上記実施例では正極活物質としてリチウムコバル
ト複合酸化物を用いる場合を説明したが、二酸化マンガ
ン、リチウムマンガン酸化物、五酸化バナジウムおよび
リチウムニッケル酸化物などの種々のものを用いること
ができる。また、負極として黒鉛を用いたが、本発明の
正極を使用するにあたり、負極活物質は基本的に限定さ
れず他の炭素材料や純リチウム、リチウム合金などを用
いることができる。
【００１７】また、本発明において角形電池という場
合、角形電池の角部を円弧状とした電池や角形電池の角
部を切り欠いた形状の電池も含まれる。よって、例えば
図３に示すような形状の電池も角形電池に含まれ、本発
明を適用することができる。
【００１８】さらに、リチウムイオン伝導性物質である
電解液や固体のイオン導電体も基本的に限定されず、従
来の有機電解液二次電池に用いられているものを用いる
ことができる。たとえば、有機溶媒としては非プロトン
溶媒であるエチレンカーボネイトなどの環状エステル類
およびテトラハイドロフラン，ジオキソランなどのエー
テル類があげられ、これら単独もしくは２種以上を混合
した溶媒を用いることができる。固体のイオン導電体と
しては、リチウムイオン導電性を有するものであれば用
いることができる。その代表的なものとして、ポリエチ
レンオキサイドなどがあげられる。また、このような非
水溶媒あるいは固体のイオン導電体に溶解される支持電
解質も基本的に限定されるものではない。たとえば、 L
iAsF6 ，LiPF6 ，LiCF3 SO3 などの１種以上を用いるこ
とができる。
【００１９】なお、本発明の角形リチウム電池は、一次
電池と二次電池を含むものとする。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】上述したごとく、本発明の角形リチウム
電池は、量産性および信頼性に優れるものであり、その
工業的価値は極めて大である。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a prismatic lithium battery. 2. Description of the Related Art As electronic devices become smaller and lighter, there is an increasing demand for small, lightweight and high energy density batteries. As a battery satisfying these requirements, a lithium battery is promising. The positive electrode active material of a lithium battery includes manganese dioxide, spinel manganese, lithium cobalt oxide,
Various sulfides and oxides have been used, including transition metal oxides such as lithium nickel oxide. In addition, as the negative electrode active material, a lithium alloy such as a Li—Al alloy or a Li—Pb alloy, such as metallic lithium, or a carbon material that stores and releases lithium ions has been studied. As the electrolyte, an organic electrolyte or an organic or inorganic electrolyte in which lithium perchlorate, lithium trimethanesulfonate, lithium hexafluorophosphate or the like is dissolved in an organic solvent of propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate system is used. Are frequently used. The battery case has a cylindrical shape, a square shape, and the like. The most widely used cylindrical type has low space efficiency when storing equipment, and the square type has high space efficiency. However, rectangular batteries have a problem that sealing is difficult. As a sealing method, there are a crimp method of caulking a sealing plate with a battery case via a resin packing and a welding method of welding the battery case and the sealing plate to seal. The crimp type is used for coin batteries and cylindrical batteries, and has the advantage of being inexpensive and mass-produced. For a prismatic battery, a crimping type cannot ensure sufficient airtightness, and therefore a welding type using a YAG laser is mainly used. This sealing method has drawbacks such as an expensive laser device and a low sealing speed. When the battery is sealed by a welding method,
In general, an electrode group in which strip-shaped electrodes are stacked is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the electrode stacking direction from the upper surface of the battery can, and then the upper surface is sealed using a sealing plate. This is because the shorter the welding distance, the higher the productivity is, so that the sealing plate is welded to the top surface of the battery can with the smallest area.However, when the electrode group is inserted from the top surface of the battery case as described above, Has the following various problems. That is, in order to facilitate insertion, it is necessary to make the size of the electrode group relatively smaller than the inner size of the battery can. As a result, there is a problem that the electrode group is loosened after insertion. When an appropriate pressing force is not applied to the electrode group, the electrode reaction often occurs non-uniformly, and the battery performance is remarkably reduced or the battery performance is greatly varied. In addition, in this insertion method, the step of electrically connecting the current collecting terminal provided on the sealing plate and the electrode group becomes complicated, and the electrode substance is easily attached to the sealing surface when the electrode group is inserted. There were also problems such as a decrease in reliability. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrode group formed by winding a strip-shaped electrode into an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape having corners formed in an arc shape, or an electrode formed by laminating strip-shaped electrodes. In a method of manufacturing a rectangular lithium battery in which a group is inserted into a battery can and sealed with a sealing plate, or the corner of which is an arc, the electrode group
Is stored in a battery can, and a pressing force is applied to the electrode group with a sealing plate in the same direction as the electrode stacking direction, so that the battery can and the sealing plate are separated from each other.
The above problem is intended to be solved by double-sealing and sealing . The prismatic lithium battery according to the present invention employs a double-sealing type, which is used in cans and beverage cans, instead of the conventional welding type. By using this method, the sealing speed can be significantly increased without impairing the airtightness. Further, since the sealing speed does not depend on the sealing distance, the sealing surface can be freely selected. Therefore, in the prismatic lithium battery of the present invention, the electrode group is inserted into the battery can from the same direction as the electrode stacking direction and sealed. In this case, the sealing plate is arranged in parallel with the stacked electrodes. Therefore, the pressing force applied to the electrode group can be easily adjusted appropriately. Also, in the present battery, the opening of the battery can for inserting the electrode group can be made large (since the dimensional difference between the electrode group and the opening does not affect the degree of compression of the electrode), so that the electrode group and the battery terminal are electrically connected. The workability at the time of connection is significantly improved. Further, since the opening is large, problems such as adhesion of the active material to the sealing portion are reduced. In the lithium battery of the present invention, a strip-shaped positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate may be alternately laminated with a separator interposed therebetween to form an electrode group, or the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate may be interposed with the separator interposed therebetween. It may be formed by winding it into a rectangle having an elliptical shape or an arc-shaped corner. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to preferred embodiments. The positive electrode has a lithium-cobalt composite oxide (Li
An xCoO 2 ) electrode was used, and a graphite electrode was used as the negative electrode. The electrode group 5 formed by winding the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator in an elliptical shape was used as the battery can 3 (stainless steel plate 0.3 m) shown in FIG.
m t) to be inserted from the lamination direction in the same direction of the electrode was sealed by a sealing plate 4 (stainless steel plate 0.3 mm t) and the battery can 3 double seamed scheme. The size of the battery is 1.5 cm for thickness (D), 10 cm for width (W), and height (H).
Was set to 10 cm. As the electrolytic solution, a solution prepared by dissolving lithium hexafluorophosphate at 1 mol / liter in a solvent in which ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 was used. Next, as an example of a conventional battery, as shown in FIG. 2, a battery is the same as the battery (A) of the present invention except that an electrode is inserted from the upper surface of a battery can and the upper surface is sealed with a YAG laser. Is called (a). Table 1 shows the average closing speeds of these batteries. These batteries were stored for one month in an atmosphere of 45 ° C. and 95% humidity, and then subjected to a charge / discharge test. The change in discharge capacity in that case is also shown in Table 1. From these results, it is apparent that the prismatic lithium battery of the present invention is superior in productivity and that the sealing reliability is not inferior to the conventional welding type. [Table 1] In the above embodiment, the case where the lithium-cobalt composite oxide is used as the positive electrode active material has been described. However, various materials such as manganese dioxide, lithium manganese oxide, vanadium pentoxide, and lithium nickel oxide can be used. In addition, although graphite was used as the negative electrode, in using the positive electrode of the present invention, the negative electrode active material is not basically limited, and another carbon material, pure lithium, a lithium alloy, or the like can be used. Further, in the present invention, the term "square battery" includes a battery in which the corners of the prismatic battery are arc-shaped, and a battery in which the corners of the prismatic battery are cut off. Therefore, for example, a battery having a shape as shown in FIG. 3 is also included in the prismatic battery, and the present invention can be applied. Further, the electrolyte or solid ionic conductor which is a lithium ion conductive material is not fundamentally limited, and those used in conventional organic electrolyte secondary batteries can be used. For example, examples of the organic solvent include cyclic esters such as ethylene carbonate, which are aprotic solvents, and ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxolane. A single or a mixture of two or more thereof can be used. As the solid ionic conductor, any one having lithium ion conductivity can be used. A typical example is polyethylene oxide. Further, the supporting electrolyte dissolved in such a non-aqueous solvent or solid ionic conductor is not basically limited. For example, L
One or more of iAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , and LiCF 3 SO 3 can be used. It should be noted that the prismatic lithium battery of the present invention includes a primary battery and a secondary battery. As described above, the prismatic lithium battery of the present invention is excellent in mass productivity and reliability, and its industrial value is extremely large.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の角形リチウム電池の一例を示した図。
【図２】従来の角形リチウム電池を示した図。
【図３】本発明の角形リチウム電池の他の一例を示した
図。
【符号の説明】
３ 電池缶
４ 封口板
５ 電極群BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an example of a prismatic lithium battery of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional prismatic lithium battery. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the prismatic lithium battery of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 3 Battery can 4 Sealing plate 5 Electrode group
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平４−106864（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭52−4577（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−235062（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−68210（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭60−174066（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭63−69464（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実公 昭35−13739（ＪＰ，Ｙ１) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01M 2/02 H01M 2/04 Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-106864 (JP, A) JP-A-52-4577 (JP, A) JP-A-62-250662 (JP, A) JP-A-60-68210 (JP) , A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 60-174066 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 63-69464 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 35-13739 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB (Name) H01M 2/02 H01M 2/04
Claims (1)
部が円弧状になった矩形に巻回してなるもの又は短冊状
の電極を積層してなるものであり、該電極群を電池缶に
収納し、封口板で該電極群に電極積層方向と同一の方向
に圧迫力を印加し、該電池缶と該封口板とを二重巻締め
封口することを特徴とする角形リチウム電池の製造方
法。(57) [Claims 1] The electrode group is formed by winding a strip-shaped electrode into an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape having a rounded corner, or by laminating strip-shaped electrodes. The electrode group is housed in a battery can, and a pressing force is applied to the electrode group with the sealing plate in the same direction as the electrode stacking direction, and the battery can and the sealing plate are double-tightened.
Method of manufacturing prismatic lithium battery characterized by sealing
Law .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06755793A JP3482604B2 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Prismatic lithium battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06755793A JP3482604B2 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Prismatic lithium battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06260155A JPH06260155A (en) | 1994-09-16 |
| JP3482604B2 true JP3482604B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
Family
ID=13348392
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06755793A Expired - Lifetime JP3482604B2 (en) | 1993-03-02 | 1993-03-02 | Prismatic lithium battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3482604B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4601870B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2010-12-22 | 三洋ジーエスソフトエナジー株式会社 | Battery pack |
-
1993
- 1993-03-02 JP JP06755793A patent/JP3482604B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06260155A (en) | 1994-09-16 |
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